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Can soil microbial diversity influence plant metabolites and life history traits of a rhizophagous insect？ A demonstration in oilseed rape

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1045-1056页

作者： Tom Lachaise Morgane Ourry Lionel Lebreton Anne-Yvonne Guillerm-Erckelboudt Juliette Linglin Chrystelle Paty Valerie Chaminade Nathalie Marnet Julie Aubert Denis Poinsot Anne-Marie Cortesero Christophe Mougel IGEPP Agrocampus Ouest INRA Universite de Rennes 1 Le Rheu France IGEPP Agrocampus Ouest INRA Universite de Rennes 1 Universite Bretagne-Loire Rennes France INRA UR1268 BIA-Le Rheu France INRA-AgroParisTech UMR 518 Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences-Paris France

Interactions between plants and phytophagous insects play an important part in shaping the biochemical composition of plants. Reciprocally plant metabolites can influ- ence major life history traits in these insects and largely contribute to their fitness. Plant rhizospheric microorganisms are an important biotic factor modulating plant metabolites and adaptation to stress. While plant-insects or plant-microorganisms interactions and their consequences on the plant metabolite signature are well-documented, the impact of soil microbial communities on plant defenses against phytophagous insects remains poorly known. In this study, we used oilseed rape （Brassica napus） and the cabbage root fly （Delia radicum） as biological models to tackle this question. Even though D. radicum is a belowground herbivore as a larva, its adult life history traits depend on aboveground signals. We therefore tested whether soil microbial diversity influenced emergence rate and fitness but also fly oviposition behavior, and tried to link possible effects to modifications in leaf and root metabolites. Through a removal-recolonization experiment, 3 soil microbial modalities （＂high,＂＂medium,＂＂low＂） were established and assessed through amplicon sequencing of 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes. The ＂medium＂ modality in the rhizosphere significantly improved insect development traits. Plant-microorganism interactions were marginally associated to modulations of root metabolites profiles, which could partly explain these results. We highlighted the potential role of plant-microbial interaction in plant defenses against Delia radicum. Rhizospheric microbial communities must be taken into account when analyzing plant defenses against herbivores, being either below or aboveground.

关键词： Brassica napus Delia radicum life history traits plant primary and secondary metabolites rhizophagous pest soil microbial diversity

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Rotational Forms of Large Eddy Simulation Turbulence Models:Modeling and Mathematical Theory

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2021年第1期42卷 17-40页

作者： Luigi C.BERSELLI Roger LEWANDOWSKI Dinh Duong NGUYEN Universita di Pisa Dipartimento di MatematicaVia Buonarroti 1/c1-56127 Pisa Italy IRMAR UMR CNRS 6625University of Rennes 1 and FLUMINANCE TeamINRIA RennesFrance

In this paper the authors present a derivation of a back-scatter rotational Large Eddy Simulation model,which is the extension of the Baldwin&Lomax model to nonequilibrium *** model is particularly designed to mathematically describe a fluid filling a domain with solid walls and consequently the differential operators appearing in the smoothing terms are degenerate at the *** the derivation of the model,the authors prove some of the mathematical properties coming from the weighted energy estimates,which allow to prove existence and uniqueness of a class of regular weak solutions.

关键词： Fluid mechanics Turbulence models Rotational Large Eddy Simulation models Navier-Stokes equations

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Mathematical modeling and optimal control problems in brain tumor targeted drug delivery strategies

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2017年第4期10卷 235-296页

作者： Aziz Belmiloudi Mathematics Research Institute of rennes (IRMAR) European University of Brittany (UEB) 20 Av. des Buttes de Coesmes CS 14315 35043 Rennes Cedex France

In this paper, we present a mathematical model that describes tumor-normal cells inter- action dynamics focusing on role of drugs in treatment of brain tumors. The goal is to predict distribution and necessary quantity of drugs delivered in drug-therapy by using optimal control framework. The model describes interactions of tumor and normal cells using a system of reactions^diffusion equations involving the drug concentration, tumor cells and normal tissues. The control estimates simultaneously blood perfusion rate, reabsorption rate of drug and drug dosage administered, which affect the effects of brain tumor chemotherapy. First, we develop mathematical framework which mod- els the competition between tumor and normal cells under chemotherapy constraints. Then, existence, uniqueness and regularity of solution of state equations are proved as well as stability results. Afterwards, optimal control problems are formulated in order to minimize the drug delivery and tumor cell burden in different situations. We show existence and uniqueness of optimal solution, and we derive necessary conditions for optimality. Finally, to solve numerically optimal control and optimization problems, we propose and investigate an adjoint multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method for a general nonlinear coupled anisotropic convection-diffusion system （which includes the developed model for brain tumor targeted drug delivery system）.

关键词： Optimal control coupled nonlinear reaztion-diffusion equations anisotropicbrain tumor growth diffusion tensor drug delivery chemotherapy real-time monitoringof distribution logistic growth pointwise controllers adjoint system population dyna-mics magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) convection-enhanced delivery (CED) adjointmultiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method multiscale Chapman-Enskog expan-sion optimization of therapies.

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Formation of a 40 A DC Current Arc During the Opening of Silver Contacts

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Plasma Science and Technology 2014年第5期16卷 471-478页

作者： M'hammed ABBAOUI André LEFORT Erwann CARVOU Damien SALLAIS James Brian Alexander MITCHELL Noureddine BEN JEMAA Clermont Université Université d'AuvergneEA 3120LAEPTBP 10448F-63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance Equipe Contacts Electriques IPR(UMR CNRS 6251)Universite de Rennes 135042 Rennes CedexFrance

The erosion of silver contacts due to break arcs with length proportional to time and of variable duration has been measured by weighing the contacts following 5000 openings at a constant current equal to 40 *** experimental results show that,for arc durations shorter than 60 μs,the transfer of metal from the anode to the cathode occurs,but after passing this stage,when the two electrodes are separated by greater distances,each will display *** is the result of the diffusion of material outside the space between the two *** order to interpret these results,we have applied a classical model of the physical phenomena occurring at the root of the *** of the experimental results shows that for an arc duration of less than15 μs,no distinct cathode root is seen to exist,but beyond this,several spots appear gradually on the cathode for arc duration up to 50 μs,after which they merge into a single *** comparison between experiment results and theoretical interpretation is reasonable up to 60 μs.

关键词： arc root cathode spot anode spot erosion contacts current density

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Acousto-optically driven lensless single-shot ultrafast optical imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第4期11卷 628-643页

作者： Mohamed Touil Said Idlahcen Rezki Becheker Denis Lebrun Claude Roze Ammar Hideur Thomas Godin ORIA CNRS UMR6614-University de Rouen Normandie-INSA Rouen76800 Saint Etienne du RouvrayFrance

Driven by many applications in a wide span of scientifc fields,a myriad of advanced ultrafast imaging techniques have emerged in the last decade,featuring record-high imaging speeds above a trllion-frame-per-second with long sequence *** bringing remarkable insights into various ultrafast phenomena,their application out of a laboratory environment is however limited in most cases,either by the cost,complexity of the operation or by heavy data *** then report a versatile single-shot imaging technique combining sequentially timed lloptical mapping photography(STAMP)with acousto-optics programmable dispersive fhItering(AOPDF)and digital in-line holography(DIH).On the one hand,a high degree of simplicity is reached through the AOPDF,which enables full control over the acquisition parameters via an electrically driven phase and amplitude spectro-temporal tailoring of the imaging ***,contrary to most single-shot techniques,the frame rate,exposure time,and frame intensities can be independently adjusted in a wide range of pulse durations and chirp values without resorting to complex shaping stages,making the system remarkably agile and *** the other hand,the use of DIH,which does not require any reference beam,allows to achieve an even higher technical simplicity by allowing its lensless operation but also for reconstructing the object on a wide depth of field,contrary to classical techniques that only provide images in a single *** imaging speed of the system as well as its flexibility are demonstrated by visualizing ultrashort events on both the picosecond and nanosecond *** virtues and limitations as welll as the potential improvements of this on-demand ultrafast imaging method are critically discussed.

关键词： simplicity resort bringing

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IgD class switch recombination is not controlled through the immunoglobulin heavy chain 3′ regulatory region super-enhancer

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第10期14卷 871-874页

作者： Hussein Issaoui Nour Ghazzaui Alexis Saintamand Yves Denizot François Boyer UMR CNRS 7276 University of LimogesCBRS87025 LimogesFrance Present address:INSERM U1236 UniversitéRennes 1RennesFrance

In secondary lymphoid organs,mature B cells express membrane immunoglobulin(Ig)of M and D isotypes(IgM and IgD,respectively)of the same specificity through alternative splicing of a pre-mRNA encompassing the VDJ variable region and Cμand Cδheavy chain constant exons.1 After encountering antigen,B cells undergo class switch recombination(CSR)by which the Cμgene is substituted with Cγ,Cεor Cα,thereby generating IgG,IgE and IgA antibodies of the same antigenic specificity but with new effector *** requires the DNA-editing enzyme activation-induced deaminase(AID).

关键词： functions. substituted thereby

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Wavelets and Optical Flow Motion Estimation

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2013年第1期6卷 116-137页

作者： P.Dérian P.Héas C.Herzet E.Mémin Departments of Physics and Geosciences California State University ChicoChicoCA 95929-0555USA INRIA rennes-Bretagne Atlantique Campus de Beaulieu35042 Rennes CEDEXFrance

This article describes the implementation of a simple wavelet-based optical-flow motion estimator dedicated to continuous motions such as fluid flows. The waveletrepresentation of the unknown velocity field is considered. This scale-space representation, associated to a simple gradient-based optimization algorithm, sets up a welldefined multiresolution framework for the optical flow estimation. Moreover, a verysimple closure mechanism, approaching locally the solution by high-order polynomialsis provided by truncating the wavelet basis at fine scales. Accuracy and efficiency of theproposed method is evaluated on image sequences of turbulent fluid flows.

关键词： Wavelets optical flow motion estimation large displacements fluid flows

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Robust estimation for the fractional integral and derivative of the output for a class of fractional order linear systems

Robust estimation for the fractional integral and derivative...

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第36届中国控制会议

作者： Yan-Qiao Wei Xing Wei Da-Yan Liu Driss Boutat insa Centre Val de Loire Universite d’Orleans

ISBN: (纸本)9781538629185

This paper aims at non-asymptotically estimating the fractional integral and derivative of the output for a class of fractional order linear systems in noisy environment with unknown initial *** this purpose,the considered system modeled by the pseudo-state space representation is firstly transformed into a fractional order differential ***,based on the obtained equation the modulating functions method is applied to obtain algebraic integral formulae for the desired fractional integral and derivative,where the undesired initial conditions are *** integral formulae can give robust estimations in discrete noisy ***,it is shown how to construct the used modulating ***,numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.

关键词： Fractional integral and derivative estimator pseudo-state space representation non-asymptotic estimation modulating functions method

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High Field Environment for EPM at the LNCMI

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2012年第S2期19卷 1072-1075页

作者： BEAUGNON Eric DEBRAY Francois LNCMI CNRS/UJF/insa UPS

The Laboratoire National des Champs Magn(?)tiques Intenses(LNCMI) is the CNRS French National High Magnetic Field Facility associated with three universities:Joseph Fourier in Grenoble,Paul Sabatier and insa in *** delivers to researchers direct current high magnetic field up to 35 teslas in 34 mm in Grenoble and pulsed field up to 80 T in *** of new high field magnets and associated instrumentations are user oriented. These developments(highly homogeneous magnets,magnets for diffraction studies,high field gradient magnet...) are impulsed by different user *** a few years,magneto-science is attracting new users for the study of high field effects on physical,chemical and biological processes such as electrochemistry,metallurgy,nanostructuration, implying new methodologies and new experimental developments such as high temperature environment up to 1600 K.A survey of these developments is *** laboratory is supported by the European Commission which contributes for the 'Transnational Access' to the facility.

关键词： high magnetic fields instrumentation levitation

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Stability of Doob-Meyer Decomposition Under Extended Convergence

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2003年第2期19卷 177-190页

作者： JeanMémin IRMAR Universite de RENNES 1 Campus de Beaulieu35042 RENNES CedexFrance & Institute of MathematicsShandong UniversityJinan 250100China

In what follows, we consider the relation between Aldous's extended convergence and weak convergence of nitrations. We prove that, for a sequence (Xn) of J_t^n)-special semimartingales, with canonical decomposition Xn = Mn + An, if the extended convergence (***)→ (X,F.) holds with a quasi-left continuous (Ft)-special semimartingale X = M + A, then, under an additional assumption of uniform integrability,we get the convergence in probability under the Skorokhod topology: Mn→M and An→A.

关键词： Extended convergence weak convergence of filtrations special semimartingales Skorokhod topology

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