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Elucidation of the melitidin biosynthesis pathway in pummelo

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2023年第11期65卷 2505-2518页

作者： Shuangqian Shen Shouchuang Wang Chenkun Yang Chao Wang Qianqian Zhou Shen Zhou Ran Zhang Yufei Li Zixuan Wang Liupan Dai Wenjv Peng Yingchen Hao Hao Guo Guangping Cao Xianqing Liu Fan Yao Qiang Xu Alisdair RFernie Jie Luo Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University Hainan UniversitySanya 572025China national Key Laboratory of Crop genetic Improvement National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory College of Life Science and TechnologyCollege of Biomedicine and HealthHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Horticultural plant Biology of Ministry of Education Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Max Planck Institute of Molecular plant Physiology Potsdam-Golm 14476Germany Centre of plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology Plovdiv 4000Bulgaria Yazhouwan national Laboratory Sanya 572025China

Specialized plant metabolism is a rich resource of compounds for drug *** acylated flavonoid glycoside melitidin is being developed as an anti-cholesterol statin drug candidate,but its biosynthetic route in plants has not yet been fully ***,we describe the gene discovery and functional characterization of a new flavonoid gene cluster(UDP-glucuronosyltransferases(Cg UGTs),1,2rhamnosyltransferase(Cg1,2Rha T),acyltransferases(Cg ATs))that is responsible for melitidin biosynthesis in pummelo(Citrus grandis(L.)Osbeck).Population variation analysis indicated that the tailoring of acyltransferases,specific for bitter substrates,mainly determine the natural abundance of ***,3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Co A reductase enzyme inhibition assays showed that the product from this metabolic gene cluster,melitidin,may be an effective anti-cholesterol statin drug ***-expression of these clustered genes in Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in the formation of melitidin,demonstrating the potential for metabolic engineering of melitidin in a heterologous plant *** study establishes a biosynthetic pathway for melitidin,which provides genetic resources for the breeding and genetic improvement of pummelo aimed at fortifying the content of biologically active metabolites.

关键词： bioactive metabolites biosynthetic pathway flavonoids melitidin natural variation

The evolution of tea spatial agglomeration in China:An analysis based on different geographical scales

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第12期15卷 2590-2602页

作者： LIU Han-chu FAN Jie ZENG Yu-xi WANG Wen-zhao Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable DevelopmentModeling ChineseAcademy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of C-eography Science andNatural resources Research ChineseAcademy of SciencesBeIjing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10049China national Key Laboratory of Crop genetic Improvement and national center of plant Gene Research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

The spatial agglomeration of agricultural production is conducive to reducing planting costs, increasing production efficiency and improving product quality. It is an important way to promote the transformation and upgrad of tea industry and realize the modernization of China's tea industry. This study used Gini coefficient and spatial autocorrelation analysis to explore the characteristics of tea spatial agglomeration in China from three geographical scales: regional level, provincial level and prefecture level from the year 2005 to 2015. The results indicated that there was a significant scale effect on the tea spatial agglomeration. The agglomeration degree increased from the regional level, provincial level to prefecture level. The types of spatial agglomeration evolution of the three scales were Ushaped, continuous diffusion, and continuous agglomeration. The spatial autocorrelation of tea production could only be found at the prefecture level. Meanwhile, at the prefecture scale, we could not only reveal the pattern changes at the regional and provincial levels, but also identify tea production agglomeration regions. Compared with the large scale, the small scale could reveal the characteristics of tea spatial agglomeration in more details. Factors such as natural resource endowments, cost factor, technological advancement, agglomeration economy, and agricultural policy influenced the evolution of tea spatial agglomeration from different geographical scales. Finally, from the perspectives of spatial transfer of tea production, promoting spatial agglomeration, building tea production bases, and breaking administrative boundaries, we proposed several policy suggestions for optimizing the spatial layout of tea production.

关键词： Tea production Spatial agglomeration Geographic scale Driving Factors China

Fine-mapping of SRT7 for short roots and identification of its candidate in rice

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第31期56卷 3296-3300页

作者： LIU HongJia ZHENG HuaKun WANG Hua GUO Peng ZUO JianRu TAO YueZhi State Key Laboratory Breeding base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 China State Key Laboratory of plant Genomics and national plant Gene Research center Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Three allelic short root mutants were identified by screening mutants with defective root elongation of the rice japonica cultivar Nipponbare mutant library generated via 60 Co γ-ray irradiation mutagenesis. These mutants, designated srt7-1 (short root 7-1), srt7-2 and srt7-3, respectively, had an extremely short seminal root, adventitious roots and lateral roots. Histological observation revealed the cell length of srt7 mutant roots was significantly shorter than that of wild-type roots. genetic analysis indicated the short root phenotype was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. The SRT7 gene was mapped to a 20-kb interval between the markers STS6 and STS7 on chromosome 4 by a map-based cloning method. Sequencing of the six predicted genes in this region found that all of the three allelic mutants contained a 1-bp or 2-bp deletion in the same gene encoding a putative mem- brane-bound endo-1,4-β-glucanase. The SRT7 gene was expressed ubiquitously, with higher levels of transcript accumulation in roots at different developmental stages. However, no difference was found in the SRT7 transcription level between the mutant and wild type. Collectively, these results indicate the endo-1,4-β-glucanase encoding gene (LOC_Os04g41970) is likely the candidate for SRT7 that functions posttranscriptionally in rice root elongation.

关键词：鉴定筛选水稻精细定位候选人短根突变体等位基因葡聚糖酶组织学观察

A chromosome-scale genome assembly of Isatis indigotica,an important medicinal plant used in traditional Chinese medicine

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2565-2574页

作者： Minghui Kang Haolin Wu Qiao Yang Li Huang Quanjun Hu Tao Ma Zaiyun Li Jianquan Liu Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education&State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics&Mountain River Engineering College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China national Key Laboratory of Crop genetic Improvement National Center of Oil Crop Improvement(Wuhan)College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem Institute of Innovation EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Isatis indigotica(2n=14)is an important medicinal plant in *** dried leaves and roots(called Isatidis Folium and Isatidis Radix,respectively)are broadly used in traditional Chinese medicine for curing diseases caused by bacteria and viruses such as influenza and viral *** classes of compounds isolated from this species have been identified as effective *** studies based on transcriptomes revealed only a few candidate genes for the biosynthesis of these active compounds in this medicinal ***,we report a high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly of *** with a total size of 293.88 Mb and scaffold N50=36.16 Mb using single-molecule real-time long reads and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture *** annotated 30,323 highconfidence protein-coding *** on homolog searching and functional annotations,we identified many candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of main active components such as indoles,terpenoids,and *** addition,we found that some key enzyme-coding gene families related to the biosynthesis of these components were expanded due to tandem duplications,which likely drove the production of these major active compounds and explained why *** has excellent antibacterial and antiviral *** results highlighted the importance of genome sequencing in identifying candidate genes for metabolite synthesis in medicinal plants.

关键词： dried roots expanded

QTL Mapping for Adult plant Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Italian Wheat cv. Strampelli

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第5期12卷 756-764页

作者： Asad Muhammad Azeem BAI Bin LAN Cai-xia YAN Jun XIA Xian-chun ZHANG Yong HE Zhong-hu national Wheat Improvement center/national Key Facility for Crop Gene resources and genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS) Cotton Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS) International Maize and Wheat Improvement center(CIMMYT) China Office

The Italian wheat cv. Strampelli displays high resistance to powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici. The objective of this study was to map quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for resistance to powdery mildew in a population of 249 F2：3 lines from Strampelli/Huixianhong. Adult plant powdery mildew tests were conducted over 2 yr in Beijing and 1 yr in Anyang and simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers were used for genotyping. QTLs ***-3BS, ***-5BL. 1, and ***-7DS were consistent across environments whereas, ***-2BS. 1 found in two environments, explained 0.4-1.6, 5.5-6.9, 27.1-34.5, and 1.0-3.5% of the phenotypic variation respectively. ***-7DS corresponded to the genomic location of Pm38/Lr34/Yr18. ***-4BL was identified in Anyang 2010 and Beijing 2011, accounting for 1.9-3.5% of phenotypic variation. ***-2BS. 1 and ***-5BL. 1 contributed by Strampelli and ***-3BS by Huixianhong, seem to be new QTL for powdery mildew resistance. ***-4BL, ***-5BL.3, and ***-7DS contributed by Strampelli appeared to be in the same genomic regions as those mapped previously for stripe rust resistance in the same population, indicating that these loci conferred resistance to both stripe rust and powdery mildew. Strampelli could be a valuable genetic resource for improving durable resistance to both powdery mildew and stripe rust in wheat.

关键词： QTL analysis SSR markers Blumeria graminis durable resistance Triticum aestivum L.

Normal Structure and Function of Endothecium Chloroplasts Maintained by ZmMs33-Mediated Lipid Biosynthesis in Tapetal Cells Are Critical for Anther Development in Maize

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Molecular plant 2020年第11期13卷 1624-1643页

作者： Taotao Zhu Ziwen Li Xueli An Yan Long Xiaofeng Xue Ke Xie Biao Ma Danfeng Zhang Yijian Guan Canfang Niu Zhenying Dong Quancan Hou Lina Zhao Suowei Wu Jinping Li Weiwei Jin Xiangyuan Wan Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences Biology and Agriculture Research Center of USTBUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)Beijing 100024China Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co.Ltd.Beijing 100192China Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Apicultural ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100093China State Key Laboratory of plant Physiology and Biochemistry National Maize Improvement CenterKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize(MOA)Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Genic male sterility(GMS)is critical for heterosis utilization and hybrid seed *** GMS mutants and genes have been studied extensively in plants,it has remained unclear whether chloroplast-associated photosynthetic and metabolic activities are involved in the regulation of anther *** this study,we characterized the function of ZmMs33/ZmGPAT6,which encodes a member of the glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase(GPAT)family that catalyzes the first step of the glycerolipid synthetic *** found that normal structure and function of endothecium(En)chloroplasts maintained by ZmMs33-mediated lipid biosynthesis in tapetal cells are crucial for maize anther ***33 is expressed mainly in the tapetum at early anther developmental stages and critical for cell proliferation and expansion at late *** in En cells of wild-type anthers function as starch storage sites before stage 10 but as photosynthetic factories since stage 10 to enable starch metabolism and carbohydrate *** of ZmMs33 function inhibits the biosynthesis of glycolipids and phospholipids,which are major components of En chloroplast membranes,and disrupts the development and function of En chloroplasts,resulting in the formation of abnormal En chloroplasts containing numerous starch *** analyses reveal that starch synthesis during the day and starch degradation at night are greatly suppressed in the mutant anthers,leading to carbon starvation and low energy status,as evidenced by low trehalose-6-phosphate content and a reduced ATP/AMP *** energy sensor and inducer of autophagy,SnRK1,was activated to induce early and excessive autophagy,premature PCD,and metabolic reprogramming in tapetal cells,finally arresting the elongation and development of mutant *** together,our results not only show that ZmMs33 is required for normal structure and function of En chloroplasts but also reveal that starch metabolism and photosynthetic

关键词： ZmMs33/ZmGPAT6 chloroplast SnRK1 autophagy anther development maize

Cloning and Expression of Gene Responsible for High-Tillering Dwarf Phenotype in Indica Rice Mutant gsor23

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Rice science 2013年第5期20卷 320-328页

作者： YUAN Shou-jiang WANG Tao YIN Liang ZHAO Jin-feng WAN Jian-min LI Xue-yong national Key Facility for Crop Gene resources and genetic Improvement Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences Shandong Rice Research Institute national Key Laboratory for Crop genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research CenterNanjing Agricultural University

High-tillering dwarf mutant gsor23 was generated from an indica rice variety Indica9 radiatied by y-ray. genetic analysis showed that this phenotype was controlled by one single recessive gene, which was mapped within a physical distance of 386 kb between two insertion-deletion （InDel） markers CI-WT2 and C1-WT4 on the long arm of chromosome 1. There is a known gene DIO within this region, the mutation of which causes high-tillering in rice. Sequence analysis of the DIO allele in gsor23 revealed that the base cytosine （C） at the 404th position in the coding region was deleted, which would cause frameshift mutation after the 134th amino acids. The mutation site and indica background of gsor23 were different from the previously reported japonica mutants d10-1 and d10-2. Therefore, gsor23 is a novel allelic mutant of D10 which encodes the carotenoid-cleaving dioxygenase 8 （CCD8）, a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the new plant hormone strigolactones （SLs）. After treatment with GR24, a synthetic analogue of SLs, the high-tillering phenotype of gsor23 was restored to normal. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that D10 expression was high in roots, but low in leaves. Compared with the wild type Indica9, the expression of the SL biosynthesis gene DIO was upregulated, while genes likely involved in the SL signal transduction pathway such as D3 and D14 were down-regulated in the gsor23 mutant.

关键词： high-tillering dwarf mutant strigolactone carotenoid-cleaving dioxygenase feedback regulation positional cloning rice

Identification and fine mapping of two blast resistance genes in rice cultivar 93-11

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The Crop Journal 2013年第1期1卷 2-14页

作者： Cailin Lei Kun Hao Yilong Yang Jian Ma Shuai Wang Jiulin Wang Zhijun Cheng Shasha Zhao Xin Zhang Xiuping Guo Chunming Wang Jianmin Wan Institute of Crop Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesThe National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Crop genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Jiangsu Provincial Center of Plant Gene Engineering Nanjing Agricultural University

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is a major disease of rice almost worldwide. The Chinese indica cultivar 93-11 is resistant to numerous isolates of the blast fungus in China, and can be used as broad-spectrum resistance resource, particularly in japonica rice breeding programs. In this study, we identified and mapped two blast resistance genes, Pi60(t) and Pi61(t), in cv. 93-11 using F2 and F3 populations derived from a cross between the susceptible cv. Lijiangxintuanheigu(LTH) and resistant cv. 93-11 and inoculated with M. oryzae isolates from different geographic origins. Pi60(t) was delimited to a 274 kb region on the short arm of chromosome 11, flanked by InDel markers K1-4 and E12 and cosegregated with InDel markers B1 and Y10. Pi61(t) was mapped to a 200 kb region on the short arm(near the centromere) of chromosome 12, flanked by InDel markers M2 and S29 and cosegregating with InDel marker M9. In the 274 kb region of Pi60(t), 93-11 contains six NBS-LRR genes including the two Pia/ PiCO39 alleles(BGIOSGA034263 and BGIOSGA035032) which are quite close to the two Pia/ PiCO39 alleles(SasRGA4 and SasRGA5) in Sasanishiki and CO39, with only nine amino acids differing in the protein sequences of BGIOSGA035032 and SasRGA5. In the 200 kb region of Pi61(t), 93-11 contains four NBS-LRR genes, all of which show high identities in protein sequence with their corresponding NBS-LRR alleles in susceptible cv. Nipponbare. Comparison of the response spectra and physical positions between the target genes and other R genes in the same chromosome regions indicated that Pi60(t) could be Pia/PiCO39 or its allele, whereas Pi61(t) appears to be different from Pita, Pita-2, Pi19(t), Pi39(t) and Pi42(t) in the same R gene cluster. DNA markers tightly linked to Pi60(t) and Pi61(t) will enable marker-assisted breeding and map-based cloning.

关键词： Oryza sativa Rice blast Magnaporthe oryzae Resistance gene Gene mapping

Shortened Basal Internodes Encodes a Gibberellin 2-Oxidase and Contributes to Lodging Resistance in Rice

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Molecular plant 2018年第2期11卷 288-299页

作者： Chang Liu Jinshan Gui Chenjian Fu Hasi Yu Dongliang Song Junhui Shen Peng Qin Xuanming Liu Bin Han Yuanzhu Yang Laigeng Li national Key Laboratory of plant Molecular genetics and CAS center for Excellence in Molecular plant Sciences Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Yuan Longping Agriculture High-Tech Co. Ltd. Hunan 410001 China Hunan University Hunan 410082 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China national center of plant Gene Research and CAS center for Excellence in Molecular plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200233 China Hunan Ava Seed Research Institute Hunan 410119 China Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Disease and Insect-Resistant Rice Breeding Hunan 410119 China

Breeding semi-dwarf varieties to improve lodging resistance has been proven to be enormously successful in increasing grain yield since the advent of the ＂green revolution.＂ However, the breeding of the majority of semi-dwarf rice varieties in Asia has been dependent mainly on genetic introduction of the mutant alleles of SD1, which encodes a gibberellin （GA） 20-oxidase, OsGA20ox2, for catalyzing GA biosynthesis. Here, we report a new rice lodging-resistance gene, Shortened Basal lnternodes （SBI）, which encodes a gibberellin 2- oxidase and specifically controls the elongation of culm basal internodes through deactivating GA activity. SBI is predominantly expressed in culm basal internodes. genetic analyses indicate that SBI is a semidominant gene affecting rice height and lodging resistance. SBI allelic variants display different activities and are associated with the height of rice varieties. Breeding with higher activity of the SBI allele generates new rice varieties with improved lodging resistance and increased yield. The discovery of the SB! provides a desirable gene resource for producing semi-dwarf rice phenotypes and offers an effective strategy for breeding rice varieties with enhanced lodging resistance and high yield.

关键词： Shortened Basal Internodes gibberellin activity lodging resistance yield rice