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Hepatitis A:Epidemiology and prevention in developing countries

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World Journal of Hepatology 2012年第3期4卷 68-73页

作者： Elisabetta Franco Cristina Meleleo Laura Serino Debora Sorbara Laura Zaratti Department of Public HealthUniversity Tor Vergata Specialization School for hygiene and Preventive Medicine University Tor Vergata

Hepatitis A is the most common form of acute viral hepatitis in the *** geographical differences in endemicity of hepatitis A are closely related to hygienic and sanitary conditions and other indicators of the level of socioeconomic *** anti-hepatitis A virus(HAV)seroprevalence rate is presently decreasing in many parts of the world,but in less developed regions and in several developing countries,HAV infection is still very common in the first years of life and seroprev-alence rates approach 100%.In areas of intermediate endemicity,the delay in the exposure to the virus has generated a huge number of susceptible adolescents and adults and significantly increased the average age at *** the severity of disease increases with age,this has led to outbreaks of hepatitis *** factors contribute to the decline of the infection rate,including rising socioeconomic levels,increased access to clean water and the availability of a hepatitis A vaccine that was developed in the *** populations with a high proportion of susceptible adults,implementing vaccination programs may be *** this report,we review available epidemiological data and implementation of vaccination strategies,particularly focusing on developing countries.

关键词： Hepatitis A Developing countries Endemic-ity Seroprevalence Vaccine

Performance of passive and reactive profiled median barriers in traffic noise reduction

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第1期12卷 78-86页

作者： Mohammad Reza MONAZZAM Samaneh Momen Bellah FARD Occupational hygiene Department School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Environmental Science Graduate School of the Environment and EnergyScience and Research BranchIslamic Azad University

Median noise barriers, like parallel noise barriers, can be employed to reduce the impact of traffic on roadside communities via the direct propagation path. The performance of different shapes of median barriers was compared using reactive and passive surfaces and a 2D boundary element method (BEM). In the case of reactive surfaces, quadratic residue diffusers (QRDs) and primitive root diffusers (PRDs) were used on the top and stem surfaces of median barriers. To introduce passive barriers, two different absorbent materials including fibrous material and a grass surface with flow resistivity of 20 000 and 2500 kg/(s·m2), respectively, were similarly applied. The effect of thin absorptive barriers was similar at lower frequencies and better at mid and high frequencies to that of their equivalent rigid barriers. More improvement was achieved by covering the top surface of thick barriers with grass rather than with fibrous material. The performance of QRD and PRD barriers where the diffuser was located on the top surface was more frequency dependent than that of barriers coated with fibrous material. A comparison of the average A-weighted insertion loss in the thick barriers showed that the greatest improvement (2.59 dB (A)) was achieved using a barrier of 30-cm thickness covered with grass.

关键词： Absorption Quadratic residue diffuser (QRD) Primitive root diffuser (PRD) Noise barrier

DNA DAMAGE INDUCED IN MAMMALIAN CELLS BY ACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES

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Science China Chemistry 1988年第6期31卷 676-686页

作者：郑荣梁 A.A.LESKO P.O.P.TS’O The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Laboratory of Biophysics. Department of Biology School of hygiene & Public Health Lanzhou University Division of Biophysics USA

The active oxygen species generated by ionizing radiation, hyperoxia, paraquat and hydrogen perox-ide induced unscheduled DNA synthesis and DNA synthesis rate inhibition in human fetal lung fibroblast(IMR-90) and transformed cell line derived from Syrian hamster embryo fibroblast (BP6T). The D-glu-cose and sucrose, which were unable to generate active oxygen species, could induce neither unscheduledDNA synthesis nor DNA synthesis rate inhibition. The indicator of DNA synthesis rate inhibition for ac-tive oxygen species was more sensitive than that of unscheduled DNA synthesis. All the enhancing chem-icals on active oxygen species aggravated DNA damage, while all the inhibiting chemicals alleviatedDNA damage. Results showed that active oxygen species do damge DNA. The active oxygen speciesmechanism for carcinogenesis, mutation and aging is applicable.

关键词： DNA DAMAGE INDUCED IN MAMMALIAN CELLS BY ACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES DDC

Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate Attenuates High-fat Diet-induced Impaired Spermatogenesis

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2018年第12期31卷 876-882页

作者： WANG Er Hui YAO San Qiao TAO Ling XI Jin Yan Department of Nutrition and Food hygiene College of Public Health Xinxiang Medical University Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University

Objective To determine the mitigating effects of sodium 4-phenylbutyrate(4-PBA) on high-fat diet(HFD)-induced spermatogenesis dysfunction. Methods Male rats(n = 30) were randomly divided into three groups: control, HFD, and 4-PBA(HFD +4-PBA). After 13 weeks, rats were euthanized. Testes and epididymis were harvested for further analysis. Sex hormones were detected, and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to examine the histological changes in the testes. Semen samples were collected to evaluate sperm quality. Spermatogenic cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. Results Compared with the control group, the final body weight and body weight gain were significantly higher in HFD-fed rats, while the testicle/body weight ratios were lower(P < 0.05). In HFD-fed rats, obvious pathological changes in the testicular tissue were observed. Treatment with 4-PBA attenuated HFD-induced histological damage, ameliorated the HFD-induced decrease in serum testosterone(T), and reduced the rate of testicular cell apoptosis(P < 0.05) in obese male rats. Finally, 4-PBA significantly improved semen parameters in HFD rats(P < 0.05). Conclusion HFD exposure induced detrimental effects on spermatogenesis, semen quality, serum T level, and testicular cell apoptosis in rats. Treatment with 4-PBA ameliorated HFD-induced impaired spermatogenesis via inhibition of apoptosis in rats. 4-PBA may have therapeutic value in the treatment of obesity-related impairment of spermatogenesis.

关键词： Male infertility Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate Obesity Spermatogenesis Semen Testis

Phytochemical interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder:A cluster co-occurrence network analysis using CiteSpace

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第4期21卷 385-396页

作者： Biao Gao Yi-cui Qu Meng-yu Cai Yin-yin Zhang Hong-tao Lu Hong-xia Li Yu-xiao Tang Hui Shen Department of Naval Nutrition and Food hygiene Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Teaching and Research Support Center Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

Objective:This study investigated trends in the study of phytochemical treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD).Methods:The Web of Science database(2007-2022)was searched using the search terms“phytochemicals”and“PTSD,”and relevant literature was *** clustering co-occurrence analysis and qualitative narrative review were ***:Three hundred and one articles were included in the analysis of published research,which has surged since 2015 with nearly half of all relevant articles coming from North *** category is dominated by neuroscience and neurology,with two journals,Addictive Behaviors and Drug and Alcohol Dependence,publishing the greatest number of papers on these *** studies focused on psychedelic intervention for *** timelines show an“ebb and flow”phenomenon between“substance use/marijuana abuse”and“psychedelic medicine/medicinal cannabis.”Other phytochemicals account for a small proportion of the research and focus on topics like neurosteroid turnover,serotonin levels,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor ***:Research on phytochemicals and PTSD is unevenly distributed across countries/regions,disciplines,and *** 2015,the research paradigm shifted to constitute the mainstream of psychedelic research thus far,leading to the exploration of botanical active ingredients and molecular *** studies focus on anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammation.

关键词： Phytochemical Post-traumatic stress disorder Text analysis Clustering co-occurrence network Psychedelic

In situ tumor vaccination with adenovirus vectors encoding measles virus fusogenic membrane proteins and cytokines

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第22期13卷 3063-3070页

作者： Dennis Hoffmann Wibke Bayer Oliver Wildner Department of Molecular and Medical Virology Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene Ruhr-University Bochum Bldg. MA Rm. 6/40 D-44801 Bochum Germany

AIM： To evaluate whether intratumoral expression of measles virus fusogenic membrane glycoproteins H and F （MV-FMG）, encoded by an adenovirus vector ***-HI F, alone or in combination with local coexpression of cytokines （IL-2, IL-12, IL-18, IL-21 or GM-CSF）, can serve as a platform for inducing tumor-specific immune responses in colon cancer.METHODS： We used confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry to analyze cell-cell fusion after expression of MV-FMG by dye colocalization. In a syngeneic bilateral subcutaneous MC38 and Colon26 colon cancer model in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, we assessed the effect on both the directly vector-treated tumor as well as the contralateral, not directly vector- treated tumor. We assessed the induction of a tumorspecific cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL） response with a lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） release assay.RESULTS： We demonstrated in vitro that transduction of MC38 and Colon26 cells with ***-H/F resulted in dye colocalization, indicative of cell-cell fusion, in addition, in the syngeneic bilateral tumor model we demonstrated a significant regression of the directly vector-inoculated tumor upon intratumoral expression of MV-FMG alone or in combination with the tested cytokines. We observed the highest anti-neoplastic efficacy with MV-FMG and lL-21 coexpression. The degree of tumor regression of the not directly vector-treated tumor correlated with the anti-neoplastic response of the directly vector-treated tumor. This regression was mediated by a tumor-specific CTL response.CONCLUSION： Our data indicate that intratumoral expression of measles virus fusogenic membrane glycoproteins is a promising tool both for direct tumor treatment as well as for tumor vaccination approaches that can be further enhanced by cytokine coexpression.

关键词： Adenovirus vectors Measles virus fusogenic membrane glycoproteins Colorectal cancer Interleukins

Effect of Soy Isoflavone Crude Extract Supplementation on High Fat Diet-induced Insulin Resistance in Ovariectomized Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2014年第1期27卷 49-51页

作者： ZHANG Yun Bo LI Li Na ZHAO Xin Yu CHEN Wen Hua GUO Jing Jing FU Zheng Hai YANG Yang NA Xiao Lin Department of Environmental hygiene School of Public HealthHarbin Medical University Human Resources School of Public HealthHarbin Medical University

Female Wister rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into sham operation group, ovariectomized （OVX） control group, and 20VX groups fed with soy isoflavone crude extract supplementation. The rats had free access to high fat diet and water for 9 weeks. No significant difference was found in body weight （BW）, total abdominal fat, food intake and food utilization rate between OVX control group and 20VX groups. However, the fasting blood glucose and blood lipid levels were significantly higher in 20VX groups than in OVX control group （P〈0.05）. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test （IGTI＂） showed that the area under AUC was smaller in 20VX groups than in OVX control group （P〈0.05）. These findings showed that soy isoflavone crude extract supplementation can improve glucose tolerance and prevent high fat diet-induced insulin resistance in ovariectomized rats.

关键词： Effect of Soy Isoflavone Crude Extract Supplementation on High Fat Diet-induced Insulin Resistance in Ovariectomized Rats than

Dysregulation of mRNA profile in cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cell line SGC7901

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第7期23卷 1189-1202页

作者： Xiao-Que Xie Qi-Hong Zhao Hua Wang Kang-Sheng Gu Department of Oncology the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Department of Food and Nutrition hygiene School of Public Health Anhui Medical University

AIM To explore novel therapeutic target of cisplatin resistance in human gastric *** The sensitivity of SGC7901 cells and cisplatin-resistant SGC7901 cells(SGC7901/DDP) for cisplatin were detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay. High-quality total RNA which isolated from SGC7901/DDP cells and SGC7901 cells were used for mR NA microarray analysis. Results were analyzed bioinformatically to predict their roles in the development of cisplatin resistance and the expression of 13 dysregulated mR NAs we selected were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qR T-PCR). RESULTS SGC7901/DDP cells highly resistant to cisplatin demonstrated by MTT assay. A total of 1308 m RNAs(578 upregulated and 730 downregulated) were differentially expressed(fold change ≥ 2 and P-value < 0.05) in the SGC7901/DDP cells compared with SGC7901 cells. The expression of mR NAs detected by q RT-PCR were consistent with the microarray results. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway and protein-protein interaction analysis demonstrated that the differentially expressed mR NAs were enriched in PI3K-Akt, Notch, MAPK, ErbB, Jak-STAT, NF-kappa B signaling pathways which may be involved in cisplatin resistance. Several genes such as PDE3 B, VEGFC, IGFBP3, TLR4, HIPK2 and EGF may associated with drug resistance of gastric cancer cells to *** Exploration of those altered mR NAs may provide more promising strategy in diagnosis and therapy for gastric cancer with cisplatin resistance.

关键词： Gastric cancer Dysregulate Cisplatin resistance Microarray Biology

Contents and distribution of rare earth elements in wheat seeds

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第7期45卷 664-667页

作者： LIANG Tao ZHANG Shen WANG Lijun YAN Beizhan WANG Naifen LIU Husheng WANG Xiaoyan Institute of Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Public hygiene of Beijing Medical University Beijing 100083China

Contents of 15 rare earth elements (REEs) in the seeds of 60 breeds of wheat have been analyzed by the inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The distribution pattern of contents of REEs in wheat seeds has been observed and compared with that in soils. Comparison with literature data has also been made. The results show that the background of REEs in wheat seeds is 10 11-108 g -g-1, 3-4 levels lower than in soils. The distribution pattern is light REEs higher in contents and slight Eu-anomaly, similar to that in soils. The data obtained in this study can accurately represent the background content of REEs in wheat seeds.

关键词： rare earth elements wheat seeds content distribution pattern ICP-MS.