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Polysaccharides of Aspergillus cristatus attenuate obesity by regulating gut microbiota and gut microbiota-related metabolites

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1513-1530页

作者： Mingzhi Zhu Bohao Shang Fang Zhou Yong Yuan Feiyan Yin Jin Cao Jianan Huang Kunbo Wang Xin Zeng Maiquan Li Zhonghua Liu co.lege of Horticulture Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China co.lege of Life Sciences Huaibei Normal UniversityHuaibei 235000China hunan Tea group co. Ltd.Changsha 410128China School of Food Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China

Golden-flower fungus,the only dominant microorganism determining the Fu-brick tea quality through fermentation and the important microbe in Liupao tea,is co.sidered a potential probiotic fungus based on its anti-obesity ***,the classification of golden-flower fungi is still co.troversial;the anti-obesity effect of golden-flower fungus polysaccharides remains *** this study,we identify a golden-flower strain as Aspergillus cristatus based on morphological characteristics and multigene phylogeny analysis,which resolves the co.troversy of ***,we find *** polysaccharides(ACPS)attenuate obesity in *** modulate gut bacterial *** which Akkermansia,Akkermansia muciniphila,Bacteroides,Romboutsia,Blautia,and Desulfovibrio are co.sidered the co.e microbes regulated by *** increase fecal total short-chain fatty acid co.tent and serum,hepatic,and fecal total bile acid ***,ACPS-induced gut microbiota alteration plays a causal role in the protection from obesity,acco.ding to a fecal transplantation ***,ACPS ameliorate obesity by regulating gut microbiota and gut microbiota-related metabolites.

关键词： Golden-flower fungus Aspergillus cristatus Polysaccharides Obesity Gut microbiota

Efficient removal of tetracycline hydrochloride through novel Fe/BiOBr/Bi_(2)WO_(6) photocatalyst prepared by dual-strategy under visible-light irradiation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 46-61页

作者： Guanlong Yu Kai Yang Yi Yang Yifu Li Qifang Sun Peiyuan Li Wenming Wang Fengming Song Tao Ling Xuejun Peng Zhi Yu Shiquan Sun School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha 410114China Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco.Environmental co.trol and Restoration of hunan Province Changsha 410114China hunan Pilot Yanghu Reclaimed Water co. Ltd.Changsha 410208China China Railway Wuju group the First Engineering co. Ltd.Changsha 410117China

It is important to investigate whether co.bining two modification strategies has a synergistic effect on the activity of *** this manuscript,Fe-doped BiOBr/Bi_(2)WO_(6) heterojunctions were synthesized by a one-pot solvothermal method,and excellent photocatalytic performance was obtained for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH)in water without the addition of *** experiments and characterization,the synergistic effect between Fe ion doping and the BiOBr/Bi_(2)WO_(6) heterojunction was *** Fe/BiOBr/Bi_(2)WO_(6) co.posite photocatalyst had a beneficial void structure,enhanced visible light response,and co.ld inhibit the reco.bination of photogenerated support well,which improved the photocatalytic *** presented experiments demonstrate that Fe/BiOBr/Bi_(2)WO_(6) removes 97% of TCH from aqueous solution,while pure BiOBr and Bi_(2)WO_(6) only remove 56% and 65% of TCH,***,the separation and transfer mechanisms of photoexcited carriers were determined in co.junction with the experimental *** study provides a new direction for the design of efficient photocatalysts through the use of a dual co.modification strategy.

关键词： BiOBr/Bi_(2)WO_(6) Fe-doping Dual strategy Tetracycline hydrochloride Photodegradation

Review on frost resistance and anti-clogging of pervious co.crete

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第3期11卷 481-496页

作者： Zhuo Wang Zhichen Liu Feng Zeng Kun He Shuaicheng Guo China Railway co.struction group co. Ltd.Beijing 100040China State Key Laboratory of Bridge Safety and Resilience College of Civil EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Pervious co.crete is a special type of co.crete that is of high porosity and co.tains no or a small amount of fine aggregate,and it is an important basic material for sponge city *** presence of a large number of co.nected pores inside pervious co.crete leads to a marked difference in durability failure mechanism co.pared with that of ordinary *** this study,the frost resistance and anti-clogging of pervious co.crete were introduced in detail,and the methods to improve their performance were summarized *** cracking pattern of pervious co.crete is influenced by geometric characteristics and three-dimensional morphological features of pores,resulting in its crack generation,development,and geometry being significantly different from those of ordinary co.crete,thus leading to different freeze-thaw cycle *** addition,due to its different pore structure co.pared to ordinary co.crete,three types of clogging mechanisms,affecting the long-term permeability of pervious co.crete were elaborated systematically(i.e.,physical clogging,biological clogging,and chemical clogging).And the ways to improve the anti-clogging of pervious co.crete are systematically presented from multiple ***,in order to broaden the engineering applications of pervious co.crete,some research proposals are presented in this study.

关键词： Pervious co.crete co.nected pore Frost resistance Clogging mechanism

Pollution characteristics and quantitative source apportionment of heavy metals within a zinc smelting site by GIS-based PMF and APCS-MLR models

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 100-112页

作者： Huagang Lv Zhihuang Lu Guangxuan Fu Sifang Lv Jun Jiang Yi Xie Xinghua Luo Jiaqing Zeng Shengguo Xue School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Zhuzhou Qingshuitang Technology co. Ltd.Zhuzhou 412000China New World Environment Protection group of hunan Changsha 410083China

The abandoned smelters present a substantial pollution threat to the nearby soil and *** this study,63 surface soil samples were co.lected from a zinc smelter to quantitatively describe the pollution characteristics,eco.ogical risks,and source apportionment of heavy metal(loid)s(HMs).The results revealed that the average co.tents of Zn,Cd,Pb,As,and Hg were 0.4,12.2,3.3,5.3,and 12.7 times higher than the risk screening values of the co.struction sites,***,the smelter was accumulated heavily with Cd and Hg,and the co.tribution of Cd(0.38)and Hg(0.53)to eco.ogical risk was 91.58%.ZZ3 and ZZ7 were the most polluted workshops,acco.nting for 25.7%and 35.0%of the pollution load and eco.ogical risk,*** influence of soil parent materials on pollution was minor co.pared to various workshops within the *** with PMF,APCS-MLR and GIS analysis,four sources of HMs were identified:P1(25.5%)and A3(18.4%)were atmospheric deposition from the electric defogging workshop and surface runoff from the smelter;P2(32.7%)and A2(20.9%)were surface runoff of As-Pb foul acid;P3(14.5%)and A4(49.8%)were atmospheric deposition from the leach slag drying workshop;P4(27.3%)and A1(10.8%)were the smelting process of zinc *** paper described the distribution characteristics and specific sources of HMs in different process workshops,providing a new perspective for the precise remediation of the smelter by determining the priority co.trol factors.

关键词： Smelter site Heavy metal(loid)s Source apportionment Positive matrix factorization Absolute principal co.ponent sco.e-multiple linear regression

A co.munication Theory Perspective on Prompting Engineering Methods for Large Language Models

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Journal of co.puter Science & Technology 2024年第4期39卷 984-1004页

作者： Yuan-Feng Song Yuan-Qin He Xue-Fang Zhao Han-Lin Gu Di Jiang Hai-Jun Yang Li-Xin Fan AI group WeBank Co.LtdShenzhen 518000China

The springing up of large language models(LLMs)has shifted the co.munity from single-task-orientated natural language processing(NLP)research to a holistic end-to-end multi-task learning *** this line of research endeavors in the area,LLM-based prompting methods have attracted much attention,partially due to the technological advantages brought by prompt engineering(PE)as well as the underlying NLP principles disclosed by various prompting *** supervised learning usually requires training a model based on labeled data and then making *** co.trast,PE methods directly use the powerful capabilities of existing LLMs(e.g.,GPT-3 and GPT-4)via co.posing appropriate prompts,especially under few-shot or zero-shot *** the abundance of studies related to the prompting and the ever-evolving nature of this field,this article aims to 1)illustrate a novel perspective to review existing PE methods within the well-established co.munication theory framework,2)facilitate a better/deeper understanding of developing trends of existing PE methods used in three typical tasks,and 3)shed light on promising research directions for future PE methods.

关键词： prompting method large language model co.munication theory

Gain deeper insights into traditional Chinese medicines using multidimensional chromatography co.bined with chemometric approaches

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 27-41页

作者： Xinyue Yang Pingping Zeng Jin Wen Chuanlin Wang Liangyuan Yao Min He Department of pharmaceutical Engineering School of Chemical EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China hunan Qianjin Xiangjiang pharmaceutical Joint Stock co. Ltd.Zhuzhou 412000China

Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)possess a rich historical background,unique theoretical framework,remarkable therapeutic efficacy,and abundant ***,the modernization and internationalization of TCMs have faced significant obstacles due to their diverse ingredients and unknown *** gain deeper insights into the phytochemicals and ensure the quality co.trol of TCMs,there is an urgent need to enhance analytical ***,two-dimensional(2D)chromatography,which inco.porates two independent separation mechanisms,demonstrates superior separation capabilities co.pared to the traditional one-dimensional(1D)separation system when analyzing TCMs *** the past decade,new techniques have been co.tinuously developed to gain actionable insights from co.plex *** review presents the recent advancements in the application of multidimensional chromatography for the quality evaluation of TCMs,enco.passing 2D-gas chromatography(GC),2D-liquid chromatography(LC),as well as emerging three-dimensional(3D)-GC,3D-LC,and their associated data-processing *** studies highlight the promising potential of multidimensional chromatographic separation for future phytochemical ***,the increased separation capability has resulted in higher-order data sets and greater demands for data-processing *** that multidimensional chromatography is still a relatively nascent research field,further hardware enhancements and the implementation of chemometric methods are necessary to foster its robust development.

关键词： chemometrics multidimensional separation off-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography on-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography quality co.trol traditional chinese medicines two-dimensional gas chromatography

Development and engineering application of integrated safety monitoring systems for China’s high-speed trains

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第2期6卷 36-44页

作者： Yan Zhu Tiantian Wang Ruiyuan Shen Jingsong Xie Jingsong Yang Guoqin Zhang Hongqi Tian Xifeng Liang School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075HunanChina CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles co. LtdChangchun 130062JilinChina China State Railway group co. Ltd.Beijing 100084China

With the improvement of the running speed of China’s high-speed trains,the demands for running status monitoring and security assurance of High-speed Electric Multiple Units(EMU)have increased ***,the current safety monitoring systems are independent,which is not co.ducive to the co.prehensive monitoring and information sharing of the whole *** temperature monitoring of running gear is insensitive to early *** to develop a train operation safety monitoring system with strong engineering implementation and high integration is a key problem to be *** the monitoring of running stationarity,frame stability and running gear health of China’s high-speed trains,an integrated safety monitoring system framework is designed,and the logic and algorithm for the diagnosis of stationarity,stability and health states of rotating parts are *** software which fused the temperature,high and low frequency vibration data is developed,and the design and installation of the vibration temperature co.posite sensors are *** research results have realized the integration and co.prehensive processing of multiple monitoring systems,co.pleted the improvement from single co.ponent and vehicle-level safety monitoring to multi-system,train-level and interactive *** the process of real vehicle application,the developed monitoring system acquires the vehicle operation status data accurately and in real *** co.structed diagnosis algorithm and logic evaluates the vehicle operation status accurately and in a timely manner,and avoids the progression from fault to *** research results show that the integrated safety monitoring system can provide technical support for train operation safety.

关键词： electric multiple units(EMU) integrated safety monitoring system stationarity stability fault diagnosis

Tungsten separation behavior on preparation of high-purity cerium by co.bined vacuum gravity sedimentation-directional solidification

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1182-1186,I0007页

作者： Dongwei Zhang Wenli Lu Minglei Xu Dehong Chen Xiaowei Zhang Chuang Yu Wensheng Yang Ruifeng Dong Zhiqiang Wang Liguo Han Zengdong Pang GRIREM Hi-Tech co. Ltd.Langfang065201China National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth China GRINM Group Co.Ltd.Beijing100088China GRIREM Advanced Materials co. Ltd.Beijing100088China

In light of the difficult removal of harmful impurity tungsten(W)in Ce metal,in this paper a co.bined vacuum gravity sedimentation-directional solidification method was innovatively designed and the W separation behavior was *** reducing the electron beam power instantly and gradually at reduction rates of 1,3 and 5 kW/min,it is found that W is enriched at the bottom of ingots as the melt *** enrichment effect is much better than that of single purification method and the enrichment degree increases as the beam reduction rate decreases,attributed to the k0(W)>1 andρ(W)>ρ(Ce).Overall,the minimum co.tent of W impurity can decrease from 630 to 0.1 ppm at the top of the ingot,and the purity of Ce increases from 99.932 wt%to 99.995 wt%by this co.bined ***,this paper provides a new method for the removal of high density and low evaporation co.fficient impurities in low vapor pressure rare earth metals.

关键词： Cerium Electron beam melting Directional solidification Gravity sedimentation Rare earths

Overexpression of PbrGA2ox1 enhances pear drought tolerance through the regulation of GA_(3)-inhibited reactive oxygen species detoxification and abscisic acid signaling

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2989-3011页

作者： Guoling Guo Haiyan Zhang Weiyu Dong Bo Xu Youyu Wang Qingchen Zhao Lun Liu Xiaomei Tang Li Liu Zhenfeng Ye Wei Heng Liwu Zhu Bing Jia School of Horticulture Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China Anhui Wanbang pharmaceutical Technology co. Ltd.Hefei 230036China Science and Technology Department Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China hunan Suncas Agriculture Science co. Ltd.Changsha 410016China

Drought stress is a devastating natural disaster driven by the co.tinuing intensification of global warming,which seriously threatens the productivity and quality of several horticultural crops,including ***(GAs)play crucial roles in plant growth,development,and responses to drought *** studies have shown significant reductions of GA levels in plants under drought stress;however,our understanding of the intrinsic regulation mechanisms of GA-mediated drought stress in pear remains very ***,we show that drought stress can impair the accumulation of bioactive GAs(BGAs),and subsequently identified PbrGA2ox1 as a chloroplast-localized GA deactivation *** gene was significantly induced by drought stress and abscisic acid(ABA)treatment,but was suppressed by GA_(3)***2ox1-overexpressing transgenic tobacco.plants(Nico.iana benthamiana)exhibited enhanced tolerance to dehydration and drought stresses,whereas knock-down of PbrGA2ox1 in pear(Pyrus betulaefolia)by virus-induced gene silencing led to elevated drought *** plants were hypersensitive to ABA,and had a lower BGAs co.tent,enhanced reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging ability,and augmented ABA accumulation and signaling under drought stress co.pared to wild-type ***,the opposite effects were observed with PbrGA2ox1 silencing in ***,exogenous GA_(3)treatment aggravated the ROS toxic effect and restrained ABA synthesis and signaling,resulting in the co.promised drought tolerance of *** summary,our results shed light on the mechanism by which BGAs are eliminated in pear leaves under drought stress,providing further insights into the mechanism regulating the effects of GA on the drought tolerance of plants.

关键词： pear gibberellin drought stress PbrGA2ox1 reactive oxygen species abscisic acid