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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1407-1408页

作者： Daniel Adam Felix Langerscheidt Hans Zempel Institute of human genetics University Hospital CologneCologneGermany Center for Molecular medicine Cologne(CMMC) University of CologneCologneGermany

TAU is a neuronal microtubule-associated protein preferentially located in *** a battery of neurodegenerative diseases termed"tauopathies,"including Alzheimer's disease (AD),TAU is missorted and abnormally phosphorylated,leading to filamentous accumulations of hyperphosphorylated TAU,a pathological hallmark and potential disease driver of AD and related tauopathies (Zempel,2024).

关键词： Alzheimer tau diseases

Effects of P301L-TAU on post-translational modifications of microtubules in human iPSC-derived cortical neurons and TAU transgenic mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2348-2360页

作者： Mohamed Aghyad Al Kabbani Christoph Köhler Hans Zempel Institute of human genetics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany Center for Molecular medicine Cologne(CMMC) University of CologneCologneGermany Center Anatomy Department ⅡMedical FacultyUniversity of CologneCologneGermany

TAU is a microtubule-associated protein that promotes microtubule assembly and stability in the *** is missorted and aggregated in an array of diseases known as *** are essential for neuronal function and regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications,changes of which affect microtubule stability and dynamics,microtubule interaction with other proteins and cellular structures,and mediate recruitment of microtubule-severing *** impairment of microtubule dynamics causes neuronal dysfunction,we hypothesize cognitive impairment in human disease to be impacted by impairment of microtubule *** therefore aimed to study the effects of a disease-causing mutation of TAU(P301L)on the levels and localization of microtubule post-translational modifications indicative of microtubule stability and dynamics,to assess whether P301L-TAU causes stability-changing modifications to *** investigate TAU localization,phosphorylation,and effects on tubulin post-translational modifications,we expressed wild-type or P301L-TAU in human MAPT-KO induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons(i Neurons)and studied TAU in neurons in the hippocampus of mice transgenic for human P301L-TAU(p R5 mice).human neurons expressing the longest TAU isoform(2N4R)with the P301L mutation showed increased TAU phosphorylation at the AT8,but not the p-Ser-262 epitope,and increased polyglutamylation and acetylation of microtubules compared with endogenous TAU-expressing neurons.P301L-TAU showed pronounced somatodendritic presence,but also successful axonal enrichment and a similar axodendritic distribution comparable to exogenously expressed 2N4R-wildtype-TAU.P301L-TAU-expressing hippocampal neurons in transgenic mice showed prominent missorting and tauopathy-typical AT8-phosphorylation of TAU and increased polyglutamylation,but reduced acetylation,of microtubules compared with non-transgenic *** sum,P301L-TAU results in changes in micr

关键词： human induced pluripotent stem cell microtubules P301L pR5 mice TAU tauopathy tubulin code

New glucocerebrosidase antibodies can advance research in the field of neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1085-1086页

作者： Charis Ma Krystyna Rytel Yu Chen Ellen Sidransky Medical genetics Branch National Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

In medical research,there are times when the introduction of a new tool can launch scientific discovery in new *** antibody development may be considered mundane,in the field of glucocerebrosidase(GCase)research,the dearth of validated antibodies for different applications has impeded progress in studies of disease pathogenesis and therapeutic *** recent introduction of new,rigorously evaluated antibodies can now propel research into the link between glucocerebrosidase and Parkinson’s disease(PD)as well as aspects of the pathobiology of Gaucher disease(Jong et al.,2024).

关键词： antibodies cerebro

Recent progress in the applications of presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography imaging in parkinsonism

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 93-106页

作者： Yujie Yang Xinyi Li Jiaying Lu Jingjie Ge Mingjia Chen Ruixin Yao Mei Tian Jian Wang Fengtao Liu Chuantao Zuo Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias Ministry of EducationDepartment of Medical GeneticsShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Neurology National Research Center for Aging and MedicineNational Center for Neurological Disordersand State Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Nuclear medicine&PET Center National Center for Neurological Disordersand National Clinical Research Center for Aging and MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina International human Phenome Institutes(Shanghai) ShanghaiChina human Phenome Institute Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Nowadays,presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography,which assesses deficiencies in dopamine synthesis,storage,and transport,is widely utilized for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of *** review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest developments in the application of presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography imaging in disorders that manifest *** conducted a thorough literature search using reputable databases such as PubMed and Web of *** criteria involved identifying peer-reviewed articles published within the last 5 years,with emphasis on their relevance to clinical *** findings from these studies highlight that presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography has demonstrated potential not only in diagnosing and differentiating various Parkinsonian conditions but also in assessing disease severity and predicting ***,when employed in conjunction with other imaging modalities and advanced analytical methods,presynaptic dopaminergic positron emission tomography has been validated as a reliable in vivo *** validation extends to screening and exploring potential neuropathological mechanisms associated with dopaminergic *** summary,the insights gained from interpreting these studies are crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of preclinical investigations and clinical trials,ultimately advancing toward the goals of neuroregeneration in parkinsonian disorders.

关键词： aromatic amino acid decarboxylase brain imaging dopamine transporter Parkinson’s disease parkinsonism positron emission tomography presynaptic dopaminergic function vesicle monoamine transporter type 2

Personalized medicine in non-small cell lung cancer: a review from a pharmacogenomics perspective

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第4期8卷 530-538页

作者： Wenxiao Jiang Guiqing Cai Peter C.Hu Yue Wang Department of genetics and genomic Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Molecular and human genetics Baylor College of Medicine

Non-small cell lung cancer is a prevalent and rapidly-expanding challenge to modern medicine. While generalized medicine with traditional chemotherapy yielded comparatively poor response rates and treatment results, the cornerstone of personalized medicine using genetic profiling to direct treatment has exalted the successes seen in the field and raised the standard for patient treatment in lung and other cancers. Here, we discuss the current state and advances in the field of personalized medicine for lung cancer, reviewing several of the mutation-targeting strategies that are approved for clinical use and how they are guided by patient genetic information. These classes include inhibitors of tyrosine kinase(TKI), anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK), and monoclonal antibodies. Selecting from these treatment plans and determining the optimal dosage requires in-depth genetic guidance with consideration towards not only the underlying target genes but also other factors such as individual metabolic capability and presence of resistance-conferring mutations both directly on the target gene and along its cascade(s).Finally, we provide our viewpoints on the future of personalized medicine in lung cancer, including target-based drug combination, mutation-guided drug design and the necessity for data of population genetics, to provide rough guidance on treating patients who are unable to get genetic testing.

关键词： Personalized medicine Non-small cell lung cancer Pharmacogenomics Tyrosine kinase Anaplastic lymphoma kinase Inhibitor Monoclonal antibody

Long term follow-up of a family with GUCY2D dominant cone dystrophy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第12期11卷 1945-1950页

作者： Georgios Tsokolas Hussein Almuhtaseb Helen Griffiths Fatima Shawkat Reuben J.Pengelly Sarah Ennis Andrew Lotery Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Southampton Eye Unit University Hospital Southampton human genetics & genomic medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton

AIM: To describe long term follow-up in a family with GUCY2D dominant cone dystrophy. METHODS: Optical coherence tomography scans and fundus autofluorescence images were obtained. Flash and pattern electroretinograms(ERGs) and occipital pattern reversal visual evoked potentials were recorded. RESULTS: Two members of the same family(father and son) were identified to have the heterozygous R838 C mutation in the GUCY2D gene. The father presented at the age of 45 with bilateral bull’s eye maculopathy and temporal disc pallor. Over 13 y of serial follow up visits, the bull’s eye maculopathy progressed gradually into macular atrophy. Electrophysiological tests were significantly degraded suggesting poor macular function. Spectraldomain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT) scans showed progressive loss and disruption of the ellipsoid layer at the foveal level. His son presented at the age of 16 with bilateral granular retinal pigment epithelial changes in both maculae. Electrophysiological testing was initially borderline normal but has gradually deteriorated to show reduced cone ERGs and macula function. SD-OCT demonstrated gradual macular thinning and atrophy bilaterally. Unlike his father, there was no disruption of the ellipsoid ***: Both family members exhibited gradual changes in their fundi, electrophysiological testing and multimodal imaging. Changes were milder than those observed in other mutations of the same gene.

关键词： autofluorescence electroretinogram cone dystrophy cone-rod dystrophy GUCY2D spectral-domain optical coherence tomography visual evoked potential

Cytogenetic analysis of chromosomal abnormalities in Sri Lankan children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第4期11卷 374-379页

作者： Sharmila Thillainathan Nirmala D.Sirisena Kariyawasam W.J.C.Kariyawasam Rohan W.Jayasekara Vajira H.W.Dissanayake human genetics Unit Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Asiri Center for genomic and Regenerative medicine Asiri Surgical HospitalColomboSri Lanka

Background: Cytogenetic analysis is a valuable investigation in the diagnostic work up of children with suspected chromosomal disorders. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of various types of chromosomal abnormalities in Sri Lankan children undergoing cytogenetic analysis. Methods: Cytogenetic reports of 1554 consecutive children with suspected chromosomal disorders who underwent karyotyping in two genetic centers in Sri Lanka from January 2006 to December 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: A total of 1548 children were successfully karyotyped. Abnormal karyotypes were found in 783 (50.6%) children. Numerical and structural abnormalities accounted for 90.8% and 9.2%, respectively. Down syndrome was the commonest aneuploidy identifi ed. Other various autosomal and sex chromosomal aneuploidies as well as micro-deletion syndromes were also detected. Conclusions: The prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in Sri Lankan children undergoing cytogenetic analysis for suspected chromosomal disorders was relatively higher than that in Caucasian and other Asian populations.

关键词： aneuploidy chromosome aberrations cytogenetic analysis karyotypes

Current strategies for the treatment of inborn errors of metabolism

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Journal of genetics and genomics 2018年第2期45卷 61-70页

作者： Michael J.Gambello Hong Li Department of human genetics Emory University School of Medicine

Inborn errors of metabolism（IEMs） are a large group of inherited disorders characterized by disruption of metabolic pathways due to deficient enzymes, cofactors, or transporters. The rapid advances in the understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of many IEMs, have led to significant progress in the development of many new treatments. The institution and continued expansion of newborn screening provide the opportunity for early treatment, leading to reduced morbidity and mortality. This review provides an overview of the diverse therapeutic approaches and recent advances in the treatment of IEMs that focus on the basic principles of reducing substrate accumulation, replacing or enhancing absent or reduced enzyme or cofactor, and supplementing product deficiency. In addition, the challenges and obstacles of current treatment modalities and future treatment perspectives are reviewed and discussed.

关键词： Inborn errors of metabolism Treatment Dietary therapy Enzyme replacement therapy Substrate reduction therapy Pharmacological chaperone therapy

Dawn of ocular gene therapy:implications for molecular diagnosis in retinal disease

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2013年第2期56卷 125-133页

作者： ZANEVELD Jacques WANG Feng WANG Xia CHEN Rui human Genome Sequencing Center Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of Medicine

Personalized medicine aims to utilize genomic information about patients to tailor treatment. Gene replacement therapy for ra- re genetic disorders is perhaps the most extreme form of personalized medicine, in that the patients＇ genome wholly determines their treatment regimen. Gene therapy for retinal disorders is poised to become a clinical reality. The eye is an optimal site for gene therapy due to the relative ease of precise vector delivery, immune system isolation, and availability for monitoring of any potential damage or side effects. Due to these advantages, clinical trials for gene therapy of retinal diseases are currently underway. A necessary precursor to such gene therapies is accurate molecular diagnosis of the mutation（s） underlying disease. In this review, we discuss the application of Next Generation Sequencing （NGS） to obtain such a diagnosis and identify disease causing genes, using retinal disorders as a case study. After reviewing ocular gene therapy, we discuss the application of NGS to the identification of novel Mendelian disease genes. We then compare current, array based mutation detection methods against next NGS-based methods in three retinal diseases： Leber＇s Congenital Amaurosis, Retinitis Pigmentosa, and Stargardt＇s disease. We conclude that next-generation sequencing based diagnosis offers several advantages over array based methods, including a higher rate of successful diagnosis and the ability to more deeply and efficiently assay a broad spectrum of mutations. However, the relative difficulty of interpreting sequence results and the development of standardized, reliable bioinforrnatic tools remain outstanding concerns. In this review, recent advances NGS based molecular diagnoses are discussed, as well as their implications for the development of personalized medicine.

关键词： next-generation sequencing (NGS) retinal disease molecular diagnosis Leber's Congenital Amarosis (LCA) Retinitus Pigmentosa (RP) Stargardt disease APEX personal medicine

Clinical relevance of cancer genome sequencing

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第13期19卷 2011-2018页

作者： Chee Seng Ku David N Cooper Dimitrios H Roukos Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institute Institute of Medical genetics School of MedicineCardiff University Department of Surgery Ioannina University School of Medicine Centre for Biosystems and Synthetic genomic Network medicine Centre for BioSystems and Genomic Network MedicineIoannina University

The arrival of both high-throughput and bench-top next-generation sequencing technologies and sequence enrichment methods has revolutionized our approach to dissecting the genetic basis of cancer. These technologies have been almost invariably employed in wholegenome sequencing (WGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) studies. Both WGS and WES approaches have been widely applied to interrogate the somatic mutational landscape of sporadic cancers and identify novel germline mutations underlying familial cancer syndromes. The clinical implications of cancer genome sequencing have become increasingly clear, for example in diagnostics. In this editorial, we present these advances in the context of research discovery and discuss both the clinical relevance of cancer genome sequencing and the challenges associated with the adoption of these genomic technologies in a clinical setting.

关键词： Next-generation sequencing Exome Cancer Diagnostics Familial cancer syndrome Somatic mutation