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Biochar influences the cane fields’microbiota and the development of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings

Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第1期5卷 75-88页

作者： Bruna Cristina Pinto Adriana Barboza Alves Osania Emerenciano Ferreira Gustavo Henrique Gravatim Costa Magno Andréde Oliveira Augusto Cesar da Silva Bezerra Alan Rodrigues Teixeira Machado Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences State University of Minas GeraisFrutal UnityFrutalMinas Gerais38202-436Brazil Department of Agricultural and Biological Sciences State University of Minas GeraisFrutal UnityFrutalMinas Gerais38208-436Brazil Postgraduate Program in Geotechnical Engineering Federal University of Ouro PretoOuro PretoMinas Gerais35400-000Brazil Department of Transport Engineering Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMinas Gerais30421-169Brazil Department of Exact Sciences State University of Minas GeraisJoão Monlevade UnityJoão MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil

This research investigates the soil conditioning effect of sugar cane fields with biochar produced from sugarcane *** influence on the physicochemical and microbiological conditions of the soil and the agronomic performance of sugarcane seedlings was *** this end,the biochar from sugarcane bagasse was produced by pyrolysis in a double drum oven and mixed with soil at rates of 0,1%,3%,and 5%(in weight).The experiment was installed in a greenhouse with two evaluation periods(30 days and 60 days)and five *** pot received a pre-sprouted cane seedling,and the analysis of colony-forming units(bacteria and fungi),physicochemical characteristics of the soil,and growth and development of sugarcane were performed per *** biochar showed a high fixed carbon content(72%)and a specific surface area estimated by the adsorption of methylene blue of 50 m2 g−***,its structure is porous and contains important nutrients(e.g.,CaO,K2O,and P2O5).In the periods evaluated,the applications of the 3%and 5%(in weight)rates of biochar reduced most of the soil fertility ***,the chemical analyses indicated that the sugarcane field soil collected already possessed high *** microbiota was influenced,but only the application of the 3%(in weight)rate at 60 days after planting showed a significant positive effect on the number of bacteria forming units,with an increase of approximately 385%.On the other hand,no significant positive effect on sugarcane development was ***,biochar application in high-fertility sugarcane plantation soil did not result in gains for sugarcane development in the periods evaluated.

关键词： Soil Biometry Microbiology Double drum oven Biochar

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Removal and desorption of chromium in synthetic effluent by a mixed culture in a bioreactor with a magnetic field

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第5期32卷 151-159页

作者： Roseli MDias Jessica GSilva Vicelma LCardoso Miriam Mde Resende Faculty of Civil Engineering Federal University of UberlandiaMinas GeraisBrazil Faculty of Chemical Engineering Federal University of UberlandiaMinas GeraisBrazil

Two chromium removal experiments were performed in bioreactors with and without a magnetic field under the same *** release of the chromium present in the biomass was tested in two experiments one with the initial pH of the medium and one with pH *** objective was to remove Cr(Ⅵ)and total Cr from the effluent,this was carried out by placing biological treatments of synthetic effluent contaminated with 100 mg/L of Cr(Ⅵ)in a bioreactor with neodymium magnets that applied a magnetic field(intensity85.4 mT)to the mixed *** removal of Cr(Ⅵ)was approximately 100.0%for the bioreactor with a magnetic field and 93,3%for the bioreactor without a magnetic field for9 hr of recirculation of the synthetic effluent by the *** removal of total Cr was61.6%and 48.4%,with and without a magnetic field,respectively;for 24 *** desorption of Cr(VI)in the synthetic effluent was 0.05 mg/L,which is below the limit established by Brazilian legislation(0.1 mg/L)for the discharge of effluent containing Cr(Ⅵ)into bodies of *** results obtained for the removal of chromium in synthetic effluent suggested that there was no significant influence on the viable cell count of the mixed *** desorption of Cr(Ⅵ)in synthetic effluent after bioadsorption of chromium by the mixed culture in the process of removal of chromium in bioreactors with and without a magnetic field was not significant in either of the experiments with different initial pHs.

关键词： Chromium removal Mixed culture Magnetic field Desorption Effluent treatment

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Plant diversity and community structure of Brazilian Páramos

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第6期15卷 1186-1198页

作者： Prímula Viana CAMPOS Pedro Manuel VILLA Jaquelina Alves NUNES Carlos E.G.R.SCHAEFER Stefan POREMBSKI Andreza Viana NERI Federal University of Vicosa Department of Plant Biology Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution of Plants Campus Universitdrio 36570-900 Vicosa Minas Gerais Brazil foundation for the Conservation of Biodiversity 7101 Merida Venezuela minas gerais state University Rua dos estudantes 23 Santa Emilia 36800-000 Carangola Minas Gerais Brazil 4 Federal University of Vicosa Department of Soil Campus Universit（lrio 36570-900 Vicosa Minas Gerais Brazil 5 University of Rostock Institute of Bioseience Department of Botany Wismarsehe Str. 44/45 D-18051 Rostoek Germany

In Eastern South America, high altitude grasslands represent a mountain system that has a high number of endemic species. However, studies on the ecology of plant communities in these environments remain scarce. We aimed to evaluate the patterns of biodiversity and structure of plant communities from rocky outcrops in high altitude grasslands of three areas at the Caparaó National Park, southeastern Brazil, by sampling 300 randomly distributed plots. Then, we compared the floristic composition, relative abundance, and biological and vegetation spectra among areas. We classified species as endemic and non-endemic and verified the occurrence of endangered species. Species richness was evaluated by rarefaction analysis on the sampling units. The importance value and species abundance distribution(SAD) models were assessed. We also performed an indicator species analysis. We sampled 58 species belonging to 49 genera and 32 families. The number of species decreased with increasing altitude, with significant differences being observed among areas regarding richness, abundance, and cover. Of the total number of species, 10 are endemic to the Caparaó National Park and 17 are listed on the Brazilian Red List of endangered species. The dominant families on all peaks were Asteraceae and Poaceae. The SAD models showed lognormal and geometric distributions, corroborating the fact that 10 species that were common to all three areas were also the most dominant ones in the communities and showed the highest importance values, which ranged between 35% and 60%. Indicator species analysis revealed that 28 species(48.27%) were indicators. Of these, 42.85% had maximum specificity, meaning that they occurred only in one area. Thus, the number of species per life form ratio was similar among areas, yet vegetation spectra differed, especially for hemicryptophytes. The altimetric difference among the areas showed to be a very important driver in the community assembly, influencing the evalu

关键词： Rock outcrops High altitude grasslands Species abundance distribution Species richness

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Protection status as determinant of carbon stock drivers in Cerrado sensu stricto

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第3期13卷 361-368页

作者： Kelly Marianne Guimarães Pereira Natielle Gomes Cordeiro Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos Terra Marcela Venelli Pyles Christian Dias Cabacinha JoséMárcio de Mello Eduardo van den Berg Department of Biology Federal University of LavrasCampus UniversitárioCEP 37200-000LavrasMinas Gerais stateBrazil Department of Forest Sciences Federal University of LavrasCampus UniversitárioCEP 37200-000LavrasMinas Gerais stateBrazil Department of Forest Sciences Institute of Agrarian SciencesFederal University of Minas GeraisCampus Regional de Montes ClarosCEP 39.404-547Montes ClarosMinas Gerais stateBrazil

Aims Natural vegetation plays an important role in global carbon cycling and ***,the Cerrado(Brazilian savannah)is considered a carbon sink because of its intrinsic *** aim was to evaluate how the aboveground biomass and biodiversity relationship change between three Cerrado remnants with different protection status:a‘control area’(Legal Reserve area),a protected area(PA)and a non-protected area(Non-PA).Methods All three studied fragments are situated in northern minas gerais state,*** estimated the aboveground carbon stocks based on the forest *** also measured three dimensions of biodiversity metrics for each plot:functional trait dominance,taxonomic diversity and functional *** following functional traits were evaluated for the species:wood density,maximum diameter and seed *** carried out generalized linear models seeking to evaluate how carbon stocks,community-weighted mean(CWM)trait values,species richness and diversity,and functional diversity indices differ among the *** Findings The Cerrado areas without protection status had lower carbon stocks,species richness,species diversity,functional richness and functional dispersion,whereas both PA and Non-PA had lower CWM maximum diameter and seed size compared with the Legal Reserve control *** linear models showed that carbon stocks,species and functional richness metrics were correlated within and across sites,and thus,species richness could serve as a good proxy for functional richness and carbon *** carbon stocks were positively driven by species richness and CWM maximum diameter,while they were negatively driven by functional *** richness,species diversity and CWM seed size appeared in the set of best models,but with no significant direct effect on carbon ***,we concluded that absence of protection in the Cerrado areas decreases both species richness and carbon stocks.

关键词： functional traits biodiversity biomass storage Brazilian Savanna human impacts

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Buzz-pollination in Neotropical bees:genus-dependent frequencies and lack of optimal frequency for pollen release

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 133-142页

作者： Conrado Augusto Rosi-Denadai Priscila Cassia Souza Araujo Lucio Antonio de Oliveira Campos Lirio Cosme Jr. Raul Narciso Carvalho Guedes Departamento de Entomologia Universidade Federal de VigosaVigosaMinas GeraisBrazil Departamento de Biologia Geral Universidade Federal de VigosaVigosaMinas GeraisBrazil

Over 50 genera of bees release pollen from flower anthers using thoracic vibrations,a phenomenon known as *** efficiency of this process is directly affected by the mechanical properties of the buzzes,namely the duration,amplitude,and ***,although the effects of the former two properties are well described,the role of buzz frequency on pollen release remains ***,nearly all of the existing studies describing vibrational properties of natural buzz-pollination are limited to bumblebees(Bombus)and carpenter bees(Xvlocopa)constraining our current understanding of this behavior and its ***,we attempted to minimize this shortcoming by testing whether flower anthers exhibit optimal frequency for pollen release and whether bees tune their buzzes to match these(optimal)*** true,certain frequencies will trigger more pollen release and lighter bees will reach buzz frequencies closer to this optimum to compensate their smaller buzz *** strategies were used to test these hypotheses:(i)the use of(artificial)vibrational playbacks in a broad range of buzz frequencies and amplitudes to assess pollen release by tomato plants(Solarium Ivcopersicum L.)and(ii)the recording of natural buzzes of Neotropical bees visiting tomato plants during *** playback experiment indicates that although buzz frequency does affect pollen release,no optimal frequency exists for *** addition,the recorded results of natural buzz-pollination reveal that buzz frequencies vary with bee genera and are not correlated with body ***,neither bees nor plants are tuned to optimal pollen release *** frequency of buzz-pollination is a likely consequence of the insect flight machinery adapted to reach higher accelerations,while flower plant response to buzz-pollination is the likely result of its pollen granular properties.

关键词： buzz amplitude buzz frequency floral sonication pollination stingless bees vibration

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A grain-size correction for metal pollution indexes in river sediments

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第3期36卷 362-372页

作者： Thomas Vincent Gloaguen Paula Núbia Soares Dalto Motta Carolina Fonseca Couto Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia Federal University of minas gerais

According to the List of Hazardous Substances of the Agency of the Toxic Substances and Disease Registry(ATSDR 2017), some metallic elements such as Pb or Cd are still considered as the most polluting elements in the world. These elements accumulate in sediments, and there are various methods available that differentiate lithogenic sources from anthropogenic sources. For that, the natural geochemical background is required, however, its definition is far from unanimous: it can be a global or local value,single or statistically estimated value, depending on the studies. Our study is focused on the Subae River in the state of Bahia, Northeastern Brazil, which was historically contaminated by lead metallurgy. The river sediments were sampled at 21 locations: one at the discharge point of the plant’s rainwater basin,ten upstream, and ten downstream. The total contents of Fe, Ti, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, particle-size distribution, and organic matter were analyzed. The conventional geochemical indexes, i.e., the pollution degree(m Cd), pollution load index, and enrichment factor indicated contamination by Zn, Pb, Cr, and ***, a new enrichment factor is introduced, assuming that the sediments come from erosion of soils in the watershed. After obtaining the natural concentrations of metals in the clay, silt, and sand fractions of uncontaminated reference soils, we corrected the pollution indexes by calculating a new individual background in each sediment sample, according to its grain size distribution. This new approach provided more precise indexes in the assessment of sediment pollution, by highlighting higher contamination of Zn and Pb(around 50%) and at the same time the absence of Cr and Cu contamination, two metals not involved with the metallurgical activity.

关键词： Enrichment factor Estimated background Particle-size distribution

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Thermal and photoperiodic requirements of the seedling stage of three tropical forest species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 209-220页

作者： Fabrina Bolzan Martins Mábele de Cássia Ferreira Flávia Fernanda Azevedo Fagundes Gabriel Wilson Lorena Florêncio Natural Resource Institute Federal University of ItajubáItajubáMinas Gerais 37500-903Brazil

Air temperature and photoperiod play an important role in the seedling development for tropical forest *** variables are sensitive to climate,and so evaluating thermal and photoperiodic effects on seedling development is fundamental,especially for climate change *** to quantify thermal time and the energy required for plants to reach a development stage include air temperature and cardinal *** photoperiod will also affect physiological reactions of a plant and thus its *** we evaluated the six thermal time methods widely used to compute thermal requirement,and identified the influence of the photoperiod from the 2015 and2016 growing seasons and 12 sowing dates in Itajubá,minas gerais state,Brazil,on seedling development of three native tropical forest species Psidium guajava L.(Myrtaceae),Citharexylum myrianthum Cham.(Verbenaceae),and Bixa orellana L.(Bixaceae).The method used to quantify thermal time influenced the analytical results of seedling development;the one that considered three cardinal temperatures and compared them with the mean air temperature(Method5)performed better in computing thermal *** influence of photoperiod on seedling development was inconclusive for the three species,but all three developed better in mild temperatures(between 13.3℃and 26.9℃)with a photoperiod shorter than 13 h.

关键词： Phyllochron Thermal time Day length Seedling stage Phenology

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Effects of chemical sterilization of the culture media,porous membranes and luminosity on in vitro culture of Eucalyptus grandis×Eucalyptus urophylla

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第4期32卷 1587-1598页

作者： Letícia Vaz Molinari Denys Matheus Santana Costa Souza Maria Lopes Martins Avelar Sérgio Bruno Fernandes Douglas Santos Gonçalves Júlio Cézar Tannure Faria Dulcineia de Carvalho Gilvano Ebling Brondani Department of Forestry Sciences Federal University of LavrasLavrasMinas GeraisBrazil

Hybrid combinations of Eucalyptus have increased due to expansion of plantations into unconventional areas and to the search for higher quality ***,most of these species have difficulties surviving in vitro *** chlorine and sealing systems are often used to reduce contamination and increase gas *** aim of the present study is to evaluate the establishment,multiplication,elongation and adventitious rooting of *** × *** clones(C1 and C2) and four active chlorine concentrations(0.000%,0.001%,0.003%,and 0.005%) were tested in the establishment and multiplication *** sealing forms(W/M,1/M and 3/M) and the same four active chlorine concentrations were applied to the elongation *** luminosities(dark and light)and three sealings(W/M,1/M and 3/M) were tested during adventitious *** chlorine concentration of0.005% led to the lowest fungal contamination rate and to the highest in vitro *** chlorine concentration of 0.003% resulted in the greatest length and highest number of shoots per explant in the multiplication *** were no phytotoxicity problems and the quality of plants grown in an environment with active chlorine was maintained in comparison with those grown in an *** increase in gas exchange in ventilation systems had a positive impact on the in vitro growth and development of plants.

关键词： Asepsis Cloning Gas exchange In vitro propagation

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Natural Mg silicates with different structures and morphologies: Reaction with K to produce K2MgSiO4 catalyst for biodiesel production

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第1期27卷 46-54页

作者： Fabiane Carvalho Ballotin Mayra Nascimento Sara Silveira Vieira Alexandre Carvalho Bertoli Ottávio Carmignano Ana Paula de Carvalho Teixeira Rochel Montero Lago Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrasil Doutorado Inovação/Mineradora Pedras Congonhas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais31270-901 Belo Horizonte-MGBrazil

In this work, different magnesium silicate mineral samples based on antigorite, lizardite, chrysotile(which have the same general formula Mg3Si2O5(OH)4), and talc(Mg3Si4O10(OH)2) were reacted with KOH to prepare catalysts for biodiesel production. Simple impregnation with 20 wt% K and treatment at 700–900°C led to a solid-state reaction to mainly form the K2MgSiO4 phase in all samples. These results indicate that the K ion can diffuse into the different Mg silicate structures and textures, likely through intercalation in the interlayer space of the different mineral samples followed by dehydroxylation and K2MgSiO4 formation. All the materials showed catalytic activity for the transesterification of soybean oil(1:6 of oil : methanol molar ratio, 5 wt% of catalyst, 60°C). However, the best results were obtained for the antigorite and chrysotile precursors, which are discussed in terms of mineral structure and the more efficient formation of the active phase K2MgSiO4.

关键词： silicate serpentinite lizardite antigorite talc chrysotile biodiesel

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Twenty-four hours intraocular pressure in keratoconic eyes assessed by applanation tonometry and Tono-Pen AVIA

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第1期15卷 52-58页

作者： Rafael Vidal Merola Sebastião Cronemberger Artur William Veloso Alberto Diniz-Filho Nassim Calixto Glaucoma Service of São Geraldo Eye Hospital Clinic HospitalFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBelo Horizonte 30130-100State of Minas GeraisBrazil

AIM:To assess intraocular pressure(IOP)during the daily curve of intraocular pressure(DCPo)in keratoconic eyes and compare Goldmann applanation tonometer(GAT),without and with astigmatism correction(n GAT and c GAT)and Tono-Pen AVIA(TPA)assessment ***:Thirty-nine keratoconic eyes of 24 patients were *** was evaluated with five IOP measurements;four were performed with a GAT(n GAT and c GAT),and a Tono-Pen AVIA(TPA)at various times throughout the ***:Mean IOP DCPo values(mm Hg)were:n GAT,9.9±2.6;c GAT,11.3±2.6;TPA 12.3±*** IOP DCPo differences(mm Hg)and Spearman’s correlation coefficients were as follows:c GATc-n GAT,1.32±1.31,r_(s)=0.879(Pc GAT>n *** TPA measures are predictive of c GAT values,adjusted according to anterior chamber depth and corneal astigmatism.

关键词： intraocular pressure keratoconus tonometry

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