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Light-based 3D printing of stimulus-responsive hydrogels for miniature devices: recent progress and perspective

BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING 2024年第5期7卷 721-746页

作者： Xin, Chen Xia, Neng Zhang, Li Chinese Univ hong kong Dept Mech & Automat Engn Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China Multiscale Med Robot Ctr Shatin NT Hong Kong Sci Pk Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China Chinese Univ hong kong Chow Yuk Ho Technol Ctr Innovat Med Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China Chinese Univ hong kong Dept Surg Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China Chinese Univ hong kong CUHK T Stone Robot Inst Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China

Miniature devices comprising stimulus-responsive hydrogels with high environmental adaptability are now considered competitive candidates in the fields of biomedicine, precise sensors, and tunable optics. Reliable and advanced fabrication methods are critical for maximizing the application capabilities of miniature devices. Light-based three-dimensional (3D) printing technology offers the advantages of a wide range of applicable materials, high processing accuracy, and strong 3D fabrication capability, which is suitable for the development of miniature devices with various functions. This paper summarizes and highlights the recent advances in light-based 3D-printed miniaturized devices, with a focus on the latest breakthroughs in light-based fabrication technologies, smart stimulus-responsive hydrogels, and tunable miniature devices for the fields of miniature cargo manipulation, targeted drug and cell delivery, active scaffolds, environmental sensing, and optical imaging. Finally, the challenges in the transition of tunable miniaturized devices from the laboratory to practical engineering applications are presented. Future opportunities that will promote the development of tunable microdevices are elaborated, contributing to their improved understanding of these miniature devices and further realizing their practical applications in various fields. [GRAPHICS] .

关键词： 3D printing Stimulus-responsive hydrogels Miniature devices Shape-morphing FABRICATION TEMPERATURE RESOLUTION MICROMACHINES POLYMERS RELEASE DESIGN

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Leveraging Uncertainty for Depth-Aware Hierarchical Text Classification

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CMC-COMPUTERS MATERIALS & CONTINUA 2024年第3期80卷 4111-4127页

作者： Wu, Zixuan Wang, Ye Shen, Lifeng Hu, Feng Yu, hong Chongqing Univ Posts & Telecommun Chongqing Key Lab Computat Intelligence Chongqing 400000 Peoples R China hong kong Univ sci & technol Div Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China

Hierarchical Text Classification (HTC) aims to match text to hierarchical labels. Existing methods overlook two critical issues: first, some texts cannot be fully matched to leaf node labels and need to be classified to the correct parent node instead of treating leaf nodes as the final classification target. Second, error propagation occurs when a misclassification at a parent node propagates down the hierarchy, ultimately leading to inaccurate predictions at the leaf nodes. To address these limitations, we propose an uncertainty-guided HTC depth-aware model called DepthMatch. Specifically, we design an early stopping strategy with uncertainty to identify incomplete matching between text and labels, classifying them into the corresponding parent node labels. This approach allows us to dynamically determine the classification depth by leveraging evidence to quantify and accumulate uncertainty. Experimental results show that the proposed DepthMatch outperforms recent strong baselines on four commonly used public datasets: WOS (Web of science), RCV1-V2 (Reuters Corpus Volume I), AAPD (Arxiv Academic Paper Dataset), and BGC. Notably, on the BGC dataset, it improves Micro-F1 and Macro-F1 scores by at least 1.09% and 1.74%, respectively.

关键词： Hierarchical text classification incomplete text-label matching uncertainty depth-aware early stopping strategy

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Identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 by chemical genetics

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ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B 2024年第9期14卷 4028-4044页

作者： Chan, Chris Chun-Yiu Guo, Qian Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo Tang, Kaiming Cai, Jian-Piao Chik, Ka-Heng Chik, Kenn Ka-Heng Huang, Yixin Dai, Mei Qin, Bo Ong, Chon Phin Chu, Allen Wing-Ho Chan, Wan-Mui Ip, Jonathan Daniel Wen, Lei Tsang, Jessica Oi-Ling Wang, Tong-Yun Xie, Yubin Qin, Zhenzhi Cao, Jianli Ye, Zi-Wei Chu, Hin To, Kelvin Kai-Wang Ge, Xing-Yi Ni, Tao Jin, Dong-Yan Cui, Sheng Yuen, Kwok-Yung Yuan, Shuofeng Univ hong kong Li Ka Shing Fac Med Sch Clin Med State Key Lab Emerging Infect DisCarol Yu Ctr Inf Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China Univ hong kong Shenzhen Hosp Dept Infect Dis & Microbiol Shenzhen 518000 Peoples R China hong kong sci & technol pk Ctr Virol Vaccinol & Therapeut Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China Hainan Med Univ Univ hong kong Joint Lab Trop Infe Academician Workstn Hainan Prov Haikou 571100 Peoples R China Univ hong kong Li Ka Shing Fac Med Sch Biomed Sci Pokfulam Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Med sci & Peking Union Med Coll NHC Key Lab Syst Biol Pathogens Inst Pathogen Biol Beijing 100730 Peoples R China Hunan Univ Coll Biol Hunan Prov Key Lab Med Virol Changsha 410082 Peoples R China

There are only eight approved small molecule antiviral drugs for treating COVID-19. Among them, four are nucleotide analogues (remdesivir, JT001, molnupiravir, and azvudine), while the other four are protease inhibitors (nirmatrelvir, ensitrelvir, leritrelvir, and simnotrelvir-ritonavir). Antiviral resistance, unfavourable drug-drug interaction, and toxicity have been reported in previous studies. Thus there is a dearth of new treatment options for SARS-CoV-2. In this work, a three-tier cell-based screening was employed to identify novel compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. One compound, designated 172, demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple human pathogenic coronaviruses and different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Mechanistic studies validated by reverse genetics showed that compound 172 inhibits the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) by binding to an allosteric site and reduces 3CLpro dimerization. A drug synergistic checkerboard assay demonstrated that compound 172 can achieve drug synergy with nirmatrelvir in vitro. . In vivo studies confirmed the antiviral activity of compound 172 in both Golden Syrian Hamsters and K18 humanized ACE2 mice. Overall, this study identified an alternative druggable site on the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro, proposed a potential combination therapy with nirmatrelvir to reduce the risk of antiviral resistance and shed light on the development of allosteric protease inhibitors for treating a range of coronavirus diseases.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 High throughput screening Broad-spectrum antiviral treatment 3CLpro inhibitor Allosteric-site inhibitor Animal models Chemical genetics Reverse genetics CORONAVIRUS DIMERIZATION PNEUMONIA MECHANISM PROTEASES ACCURACY DIMER

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Accelerating Factor Xa inhibitor discovery with a de novo drug design pipeline

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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2024年第8期72卷 85-94页

作者： Zhao, Yujing Liu, Qilei Du, Jian Meng, Qingwei Sun, Liang Zhang, Lei Dalian Univ technol Inst Chem Proc Syst Engn Frontiers Sci Ctr Smart Mat Oriented Chem Engn Sch Chem EngnState Key Lab Fine Chem Dalian 116024 Peoples R China Dalian Univ technol Ningbo Inst Ningbo 375076 Peoples R China Shenzhen Shuli Tech Co Ltd Shenzhen 578726 Peoples R China City Univ hong kong Dept Phys Kowloon Tat Chee Ave Hong Kong Peoples R China

Small-molecule drugs are essential for maintaining human health. The objective of this study is to identify a molecule that can inhibit the Factor Xa protein and be easily procured. An optimization-based de novo drug design framework, DrugCAMD, that integrates a deep learning model with a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is used for designing drug candidates. Within this framework, a virtual chemical library is specifically tailored to inhibit Factor Xa. To further filter and narrow down the lead compounds from the designed compounds, comprehensive approaches involving molecular docking, binding pose metadynamics (BPMD), binding free energy calculations, and enzyme activity inhibition analysis are utilized. To maximize efficiency in terms of time and resources, molecules for in vitro activity testing are initially selected from commercially available portions of customized virtual chemical libraries. In vitro studies assessing inhibitor activities have confirmed that the compound EN300-331859 shows potential Factor Xa inhibition, with an IC50 value of 34.57 mmol$L-1. Through in silico molecular docking and BPMD, the most plausible binding pose for the EN300-331859-Factor Xa complex are identified. The estimated binding free energy values correlate well with the results obtained from biological assays. Consequently, EN300-331859 is identified as a novel and effective sub-micromolar inhibitor of Factor Xa. (c) 2024 The Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chemical product design Mathematical programming method Deep learning Binding affinity Factor Xa inhibitor PROTEIN PREDICTION OPTIMIZATION FRAMEWORK MODELS

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Multi-rater Prism: Learning self-calibrated medical image segmentation from multiple raters

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sciENCE BULLETIN 2024年第18期69卷 2906-2919页

作者： Wu, Junde Fang, Huihui Zhu, Jiayuan Zhang, Yu Li, Xiang Liu, Yuanpei Liu, Huiying Jin, Yueming Huang, Weimin Liu, Qi Chen, Cen Liu, Yanfei Duan, Lixin Xu, Yanwu Xiao, Li Yang, Weihua Liu, Yue South China Univ technol Sch Future Technol Guangzhou 511442 Peoples R China Pazhou Lab Guangzhou 510320 Peoples R China Univ Oxford Oxford OX1 4AL England China Acad Chinese Med sci Xiyuan Hosp Cardiovasc Dis Ctr Beijing 100091 Peoples R China Natl Univ Def technol Coll Elect Engn State Key Lab Pulsed Power Laser Technol Hefei 230037 Peoples R China Univ Elect sci & technol China Shenzhen Inst Adv Study Shenzhen 518110 Peoples R China Univ Elect sci & technol China Sichuan Prov Peoples Hosp Chengdu 611731 Peoples R China Univ hong kong Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China ASTAR Inst Infocomm Res Singapore 138632 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Singapore 119276 Singapore Jinan Univ Shenzhen Eye Hosp Shenzhen 518040 Peoples R China

In medical image segmentation, it is often necessary to collect opinions from multiple experts to make the final decision. This clinical routine helps to mitigate individual bias. However, when data is annotated by multiple experts, standard deep learning models are often not applicable. In this paper, we propose a novel neural network framework called Multi-rater Prism (MrPrism) to learn medical image segmentation from multiple labels. Inspired by iterative half-quadratic optimization, MrPrism combines the task of assigning multi-rater confidences and calibrated segmentation in a recurrent manner. During this process, MrPrism learns inter-observer variability while taking into account the image's semantic properties and finally converges to a self-calibrated segmentation result reflecting inter-observer agreement. Specifically, we propose Converging Prism (ConP) and Diverging Prism (DivP) to iteratively process the two tasks. ConP learns calibrated segmentation based on multi-rater confidence maps estimated by DivP, and DivP generates multi-rater confidence maps based on segmentation masks estimated by ConP. Experimental results show that the two tasks can mutually improve each other through this recurrent process. The final converged segmentation result of MrPrism outperforms state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods for a wide range of medical image segmentation tasks. The code is available at https://***/WuJunde/MrPrism. (c) 2024 science China Press. Published by Elsevier B.V. and science China Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： Medical image segmentation Multiple raters Self-calibration Half-quadratic algorithm PERFORMANCE

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Over 18.2% efficiency of layer-by-layer all-polymer solar cells enabled by homoleptic iridium(III) carbene complex as solid additive

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sciENCE BULLETIN 2024年第18期69卷 2862-2869页

作者： Zhou, Hang Sun, Yingjie Zhang, Miao Ni, Yuheng Zhang, Fenghua Jeong, Sang Young Huang, Tianhuan Li, Xiong Woo, Han Young Zhang, Jian Wong, Wai-Yeung Ma, Xiaoling Zhang, Fujun Beijing Jiaotong Univ Key Lab Luminescence & Opt Informat Minist Educ Beijing 100044 Peoples R China Beijing Jiaotong Univ Tangshan Res Inst Tangshan 063000 Peoples R China hong kong Polytech Univ Res Inst Smart Energy Dept Appl Biol & Chem Technol Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China Beijing technol & Business Univ Dept Phys Beijing 100048 Peoples R China Korea Univ Coll Sci Dept Chem Organ Optoelect Mat Lab Seoul 02841 South Korea Guilin Univ Elect technol Engn Res Ctr Elect Informat Mat & Devices Sch Mat Sci & Engn Minist EducGuangxi Key Lab Informat Mat Guilin 541004 Peoples R China

The vertical phase distribution of active layers plays a vital role in balancing exciton dissociation and charge transport for achieving efficient polymer solar cells (PSCs). The layer-by-layer (LbL) PSCs are commonly prepared by using sequential spin-coating method from donor and acceptor solutions with distinct solvents and solvent additives. The enhanced exciton dissociation is expected in the LbL PSCs with efficient charge transport in the relatively neat donor or acceptor layers. In this work, a series of LbL all-polymer solar cells (APSCs) were fabricated with PM6 as donor and PY-DT as acceptor, and triplet material m-Ir(CPmPB)3 is deliberately incorporated into PY-DT layer to prolong exciton lifetimes of active layers. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of LbL APSCs is improved to 18.24% from 17.32% by incorporating 0.3 wt% m-Ir(CPmPB)3 in PY-DT layer, benefiting from the simultaneously enhanced short-circuit current density (JSC) of 25.17 mA cm-2 and fill factor (FF) of 74.70%. The enhancement of PCE is attributed to the efficient energy transfer of m-Ir(CPmPB)3 to PM6 and PY-DT, resulting in the prolonged exciton lifetime in the active layer and the increased exciton diffusion distance. The efficient energy transfer from m-Ir(CPmPB)3 to PM6 and PY-DT layer can be confirmed by the increased photoluminescence (PL) intensity and the prolonged PL lifetime of PM6 and PY-DT in PM6 + m-Ir(CPmPB)3 and PY-DT + m-Ir(CPmPB)3 films. This study indicates that the triplet material as solid additive has great potential in fabricating efficient LbL APSCs by prolonging exciton lifetimes in active layers. (c) 2024 science China Press. Published by Elsevier B.V. and science China Press. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Layer-by-layer All-polymer solar cells Additive strategy Triplet material Energy transfer

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An electrochemiluminescent magneto-immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of hs-cTnI on a microfluidic chip

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NANOtechnolOGY AND PRECISION ENGINEERING 2024年第3期7卷 13-23页

作者： Hui, Yun Zhao, Zhen Shu, Weiliang Shen, Fengshan kong, Weijun Geng, Shengyong Xu, Zhen Wu, Tianzhun Zhou, Wenhua Yu, Xuefeng Chinese Acad sci Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol Shenzhen Key Lab Micro Nano Biosensing Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Biomed Imaging Sci & Syst Key Lab Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

Sensitive detection and precise quantitation of trace-level crucial biomarkers in a complex sample matrix has become an important area of research. For example, the detection of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) is strongly recommended in clinical guidelines for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Based on the use of an electrode modified by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and a Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)-doped silica nanoparticle (Ru@SiO2)/tripropylamine (TPA) system, a novel type of electrochemiluminescent (ECL) magneto-immunosensor is developed for ultrasensitive detection of hs-cTnI. In this approach, a large amount of [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) is loaded in SiO2 (silica nanoparticles) as luminophores with high luminescent efficiency and SWCNTs as electrode surface modification material with excellent electrooxidation ability for TPA. Subsequently, a hierarchical micropillar array of microstructures is fabricated with a magnet placed at each end to efficiently confine a single layer of immunomagnetic microbeads on the surface of the electrode and enable 7.5-fold signal enhancement. In particular, the use of transparent SWCNTs to modify a transparent ITO electrode provides a two-order-of-magnitude ECL signal amplification. A good linear calibration curve is developed for hs-cTnI concentrations over a wide range from 10 fg/ml to 10 ng/ml, with the limit of detection calculated as 8.720 fg/ml (S/N = 3). This ultrasensitive immunosensor exhibits superior detection performance with remarkable stability, reproducibility, and selectivity. Satisfactory recoveries are obtained in the detection of hs-cTnI in human serum, providing a potential analysis protocol for clinical applications. (c) 2024 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： Electrochemiluminescent magneto-immunosensor Microfluidic chip High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I Single-walled carbon nanotube [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+)-doped silica nanoparticle

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Structure and Microtribological Mechanism of Teflon Deposited Film

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Journal of Materials science & technology 1999年第1期15卷 17-20页

作者： Wang, Jihui Lu, Xinchun Wen, Shizhu Li, Hengde Wang, Liduo hong kong Univ sci & technol Dept Elect Engn & Elect Hong Kong Hong Kong

Teflon film was prepared by ion beam enhanced deposition method. The structure and microtribological properties were studied by PH1-5300, FT-IR, XRD and atomic force and friction force microscope (AFM/FFM). The results show that the deposited Teflon is in crystalline state, and its structure is the same as the bulk Teflon. There are two periods in the friction and wear tests for Teflon film. When the load is less than 70 nN, the micro friction is linear with the load, and the Teflon does not have the lubricity. But when the load is greater than 70 nN, the friction force of Teflon film will stay nearly constant, and worn marks will be created in the friction and wear process. The worn depth of Teflon film increases linearly with the load. (Edited author abstract) 10 Refs.

关键词： Polytetrafluoroethylenes

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INFLUENCE OF MINERAL ADMIXTURES ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials science) 1999年第2期14卷 1-7页

作者： Ma, Baoguo Li, Jinzong Peng, Jun Wuhan Univ technol Coll Mat Sci & Technol Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China hong kong Univ sci & technol Hong Kong Hong Kong

The improvements of the mechanical properties, including bulk density of fresh mixtures, elastic modulus, and compressive strengths of four high-performance concrete mixtures, made with the addition of fly ash, refined ground blast - furnace microslag (microslag) and silica fume are studied. The concrete mixtures were determined based on the dispersion testing results. The study indicates that the elastic modulus at 28 and 91 days, and compressive strengths of the concretes are improved a lot when fly ash and microslag by 25 percent by weight of cement are added into the mixtures individually. The improvement is especially evident when silica fume by 5 percent and fly ash by 25 percent by weight of cement are added together into the mixture, while the fresh concrete mixture keeps a good workability. Through the analysis of chemically combined water ratios of the four mixtures at various hydration ages, it is found that the addition of all these mineral mixtures are beneficial to the hydration process, especially, at later stages, which might be one of the reasons for the improvement of mechanical properties. (Author abstract) 4 Refs.

关键词： high-performance concrete mineral admixture mechanical properties

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Correction of microwave pulse reflection by digital filters in superconducting quantum circuits

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CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 117-123页

作者： Guo, Liang-Liang Duan, Peng Du, Lei Zhang, Hai-Feng Tao, Hao-Ran Chen, Yong Yang, Xiao-Yan Zhang, Chi Jia, Zhi-Long kong, Wei-Cheng Chen, Zhao-Yun Guo, Guo-Ping Univ sci & technol China CAS Key Lab Quantum Informat Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Univ sci & technol China CAS Ctr Excellence & Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Origin Quantum Comp Co Ltd Hefei 230088 Peoples R China Inst Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehens Natl Sci Ctr Hefei 230088 Peoples R China

Reducing the control error is vital for high-fidelity digital and analog quantum operations. In superconducting circuits, one disagreeable error arises from the reflection of microwave signals due to impedance mismatch in the control chain. Here, we demonstrate a reflection cancelation method when considering that there are two reflection nodes on the control line. We propose to generate the pre-distortion pulse by passing the envelopes of the microwave signal through digital filters, which enables real-time reflection correction when integrated into the field-programmable gate array (FPGA). We achieve a reduction of single-qubit gate infidelity from 0.67% to 0.11% after eliminating microwave reflection. Real-time correction of microwave reflection paves the way for precise control and manipulation of the qubit state and would ultimately enhance the performance of algorithms and simulations executed on quantum processors.

关键词： reflection cancelation digital filter single-qubit gate superconducting circuit ERROR GATE

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