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Towards a scientific rationale for traditional properties of Chinese medicinal plants: “natures” and “flavors”

Chinese Herbal Medicines 2019年第3期11卷 258-266页

作者： Li-ping Li Ben-gang Zhang Zhao Zhang Xiao-jin Li Guo-ping Wang Hai-long Song Cong-zhao Fan Yang-ming Jiang Tuo Wang Hui-hui Zhao Wei-hong Cui Jiang-shan Lai Xiu-lian Chi Xue-ping Wei Chong-ming Wu Yao-dong Qi Hai-tao Liu Pei-gen Xiao Eimear Nic Lughadha Christine J.Leon Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100193China Xinjiang Institute of Chinese and Ethnic Medicine Urumqi830002China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesState Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di HerbsBeijing100700China Conservation Science Department Royal Botanic GardensKewRichmondSurreyTW93AEUK Collections Department Royal Botanic GardensKewRichmondSurreyTW93AEUK

Objective: According to theory of Chinese medicine property, the ecological environment shapes properties(natures and flavors) of Chinese materia medica(CMM) and there are close relationships between certain natures and flavors. However, to date these observations have not been validated scientifically in the context of the whole flora of a region. The present study aims to address this ***: We collected geographical distributions of 3637 vascular plant species native to the Xinjiang region of northwest China, of which around 812 are medicinal plants. The CMM property characters of these medicinal plants were also collected. All medicinal plants were then analyzed in the occurrence of their natures(cold, cool, neutral, warm, and hot) and flavors(sweet, bitter, sour, salty, and pungent). Possible correlations between these properties and environmental factors, notably climate, as well as correlations with plant species richness of the wider native flora of Xinjiang were then investigated using permutation test and ***: Cold species(38.5%) were more numerous than warm(21.0%) and neutral(22.3%), while bitter species(43.3%) were more numerous than pungent(25.6%), sweet(22.4%) and sour(6.7%) ones. Species with bitter flavor were most commonly also cold(48.6%) in nature, sour flavor usually coincided with cold(44.2%) or cool nature(26.0%), whereas pungent or sweet species tended to be warm(34.4%, 28.4%) or neutral(27.8%, 28.4%). The percentages of species of cold/cool nature, bitter flavor were higher in mountainous regions, and the percentages of warm/neutral and pungent/sweet/sour were higher in basins. The percentages of species of cold/cool, bitter were positively correlated with actual evapotranspiration(AET),and also plant species richness but had a bell-shaped relationship with potential evapotranspiration(PET),whereas the inverse situation was shown for warm/neutral and pungent/sweet/sour ***: Analysis of the data in Xinjiang

关键词： flavor nature Chinese materia medica theory of Chinese medicine property Xinjiang region

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Antioxidant potential of brans of twenty-nine red and white rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties of Sri Lanka

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017年第11期5卷 480-485页

作者： Walimuni Kanchana Subhashini Mendis Abeysekera Udawaththa Kankanamge Don Sahan Suganda Gunasekara Sirimal Premakumara Galbada Arachchige Walimuni Prabhashini Kaushalya Mendis Abeysekera Department of Agricultural Technology Faculty of TechnologyUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Food Technology Section(FTS) Modern Research&Development Complex(MRDC)Industrial Technology Institute(ITI)503AHalbarawa GardensMalabeSri Lanka Herbal Technology Section(HTS) Modern Research and Development Complex(MRDC)Industrial Technology Institute(ITI)503AHalbarawaGardensMalabeSri Lanka

Objective: To evaluate antioxidant properties of brans of twenty-nine red and white rice varieties of Sri Lanka. Methods: Brans of 21 new improved (NI), 2 old improved (OI) and 6 traditional red and white rice varieties of Sri Lanka were studied for range of antioxidant properties. The studied antioxidant properties included total polyphenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) radical scavenging activity in vitro. Bran of black rice variety from Korea was also studied for the same antioxidant properties for comparison. Results: Results exhibited significantly high ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities and 10, 7 and 2.5 fold greater TPC, FRAP and ORAC activities in brans of red rices (BRRs) compared to brans of white rices irrespective of NI, OI and traditional rice types. Among BRRs traditional varieties had greater ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities and 1.7, 1.3 and 1.2 fold respectively greater TPC, FRAP and ORAC in contrast to NI red rices. Traditional red rice varieties, Kalu Heeneti (TPC and ORAC), Pachchaperumal (TPC and DPPH) and Kurulu Thuda (DPPH) and OI red rice variety H4 (FRAP) exhibited the highest activities for the antioxidant properties studied. Further, these varieties had significantly high activities compared to black rice. Conclusions: In conclusion, BRRs especially traditional red rices had greater antioxidant properties and consumption may be useful in managing various chronic diseases.

关键词： Antioxidant properties Rice bran Sri Lankan rice Red and white rice New improved,old improved and traditional rice

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Does high vegetation coverage equal high giant panda density?

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Zoological Research 2022年第4期43卷 608-611页

作者： Cheng Li Zi-Qiang Bao Xin-Rui Luo Wei Wu Jiao-Jiao Yu Rong Hou Jacob R.Owens Qiang Xu Xiao-Dong Gu Hong Yang Zuo-Fu Xiang Dun-Wu Qi College of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry&TechnologyChangshaHunan 410004China Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda BreedingChengduSichuan 610000China College of Earth Science Chengdu University of TechnologyChengduSichuan 610059China Los Angeles Zoo&Botanical gardens Los AngelesCA 90027USA World Wide Fund for Nature China OfficeBeijing 100000China Sichuan forestry and Grassland Bureau ChengduSichuan 610081China Daxiangling Provincial Nature Reserve YaanSichuan 625200China College of forestry Central South University of Forestry&TechnologyChangshaHunan 410004China

DEAR EDITOR,The giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)is a unique forest-dwelling species endemic to *** studies have suggested that giant pandas are heavily reliant on old-growth forests with high vegetation *** such,management has primarily focused on improving vegetation coverage in the potential range of giant pandas to increase the availability of suitable ***,it remains unclear whether high vegetation coverage itself results in higher giant panda ***,we analyzed changes in vegetation coverage from 2001 to 2011 as well as the occurrence of wild giant pandas in five mountain areas.

关键词： panda density habitat

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采用统一命名的热带多型性地衣生Koordersiella属(异名:Hansfordiellopsis)的分类概要（英文）

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菌物研究 2015年第4期13卷 227-232页

作者： David L.Hawksworth Departamento de Biología Vegetal II Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Department of Life Sciences The Natural History Museum Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Royal Botanic Gardens

对同一菌物不同形态型分别命名的做法于2011年结束,这就需要对非地衣化的多型性子囊菌和担子菌采用统一的命名。地衣生的Koordersiella属因此也只需要单一的名称,而后发表的Hansfordiellopsis就是该属的异名。此属共有5个种,包括在此发... 详细信息

对同一菌物不同形态型分别命名的做法于2011年结束,这就需要对非地衣化的多型性子囊菌和担子菌采用统一的命名。地衣生的Koordersiella属因此也只需要单一的名称,而后发表的Hansfordiellopsis就是该属的异名。此属共有5个种,包括在此发表的2个新组合:***和*** ***.。本文列举了该属的地衣寄主和已报道的地理分布,同时也提供了已被接受的物种检索表。此外,在Hansfordiellopsis下发表的1个种和在Koordersiella下发表的2个种,因与该属的模式种显然为不同的属而被排除。由于缺乏分子序列数据,Koordersiella属在座囊菌纲(Dothideomycetes)中的系统学地位目前仍然不明确。

关键词： Ascohansfordiellopsis 子囊菌座囊菌纲丝孢纲地衣

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Touch induces rapid floral closure in gentians

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Science Bulletin 2022年第6期67卷 577-580,M0003页

作者： Can Dai Yanbing Gong Fan Liu Guangwan Hu Pengcheng Fu Shengwei Wang Jianxin Ouyang Liuhua Zhang Yadong Zhou Xue Yan Xing Liu Tao Wan Qingfeng Wang Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response School of Resources and Environmental ScienceHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Research Center for Ecology College of ScienceTibet UniversityLhasa 850000China Core Botanical gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China College of Life Science Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang 471934China Fairy Lake Botanical Garden Shenzhen 518004China

Movement in response to mechanical perturbations in plants has long fascinated biologists and nature *** plant movements are of particular interest because they are highly recognizable and challenge the conventional perception that plants do not move as animals *** examples are predation strategies in carnivorous plants,such as sundew,Venus flytrap,and bladderwort[1].

关键词：龙胆属植物非生物因子野外实验自我保护机制响应性花冠筒触碰食草动物

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Phylogeny and diversity of Haploporus（Polyporaceae,Basidiomycota）

Phylogeny and diversity of Haploporus（Polyporaceae,Basidiom...

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多彩菌物美丽中国——中国菌物学会2019年学术年会

作者： Meng Zhou Li Wang Tom W.May Josef Vlasák Jia-Jia Chen Yu-Cheng Dai School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University School of Economics and Management Beijing Forestry University Royal Botanic gardens Victoria Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University Beijing advanced innovation centre for tree breeding by molecular design Beijing Forestry University

Haploporus Bondartsev ＆ Singer（Polyporales, Basidiomycota） is characterized by annual to perennial,resupinate to pileate basidiocarps, a di-to trimitic hyphal system with clamped connections on the generative hyphae, cyanophilous skeletal hyphae, cylindrical to subglobose, hyaline, thick-walled, cyanophilous and ornamented basidiospores, and formation of a white rot. During a study on taxonomy of Polyporaceae, several specimens of Haploporus from USA, Australia and China were studied. After morphological examinations and phylogenetic analysis of ITS and nLSU sequences, four new species were confirmed to be members of the Haploporus lineage. we describe and illustrate these new species. In addition, Poria pirongia G. Cunn. was originally described from New Zealand（Cunningham 1947）, and treated as a synonym of Poria papyracea（Schwein.） Cooke(= Haploporus papyraceus（Schwein.） Y.C. Dai ＆ Niemel?（Cunningham 1965, Lowe（1966）and Buchanan and Ryvarden） is shown to represent an independent species, based on new specimens and both morphology and phylogenetic evidences. Therefore, a new combination（H. pirongia） is proposed.

关键词： Polyporales taxonomy wood-inhabiting fungi

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Spatial phylogenetics of the Chinese angiosperm flora provides insights into endemism and conservation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第1期64卷 105-117页

作者： Xiao-Xia Zhang Jian-Fei Ye Shawn W.Laffan Brent D.Mishler Andrew H.Thornhill Li-Min Lu Ling-Feng Mao Bing Liu You-Hua Chen An-Ming Lu Joseph T.Miller Zhi-Duan Chen State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botanythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Beijing Botanical Garden Institute of Botanythe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China School of Biological Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia University and Jepson Herbaria and Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720-2465USA The University of Adelaide Environment InstituteAdelaideSA5005Australia State Herbarium of South Australia Botanic Gardens and State HerbariumDepartment for Environment and WaterAdelaideSA5001Australia College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNANJING 210037China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center the Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Chengdu Institute of Biology the Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Global Biodiversity Information Facility CopenhagenDenmark

The flora of China is well known for its high diversity and endemism. Identifying centers of endemism and designating conservation priorities are essential goals for biodiversity ***, there is no comprehensive study from a rigorous phylogenetic perspective to understand patterns of diversity and endemism and to guide biodiversity conservation in China. We conducted a spatial phylogenetic analysis of the Chinese angiosperm flora at the generic level to identify centers of neo-and paleoendemism. Our results indicate that:(i) themajority of grid cells in China with significantly high phylogenetic endemism(PE) were located in the mountainous regions;(ii) four of the nine centers of endemism recognized, located in northern and western China, were recognized for the first time;(iii) arid and semiarid regions in Northwest China were commonly linked to significant PE, consistent with other spatial phylogenetic studies worldwide;and(iv) six highpriority conservation gaps were detected by overlaying the boundaries of China’s nature reserves on all significant PE cells. Overall, we conclude that the mountains of southern and northern China contain both paleo-endemics(ancient relictual lineages) and neo-endemics(recently diverged lineages). The areas we highlight as conservation priorities are important for broad-scale planning, especially in the context of evolutionary history preservation.

关键词： categorical analysis of neo-and paleo-endemism Chinese angiosperm flora conservation priority phylogenetic endemism phylogenetic diversity spatial phylogenetics

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hcp-phased Ni nanoparticles with generic catalytic hydrogenation activities toward different functional groups

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Science China Materials 2022年第5期65卷 1252-1261页

作者： Yang Lv Xin Mao Wanbing Gong Dongdong Wang Chun Chen Porun Liu Yue Lin Guozhong Wang Haimin Zhang Aijun Du Huijun Zhao Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Centre for Environmental and Energy NanomaterialsAnhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyInstitute of Solid State PhysicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China School of Chemistry Physics and Mechanical EngineeringScience and Engineering FacultyQueensland University of TechnologyGardens Point CampusBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy Griffith UniversityGold Coast CampusQueensland 4222Australia

Catalytic hydrogenation is a vital industrial means to produce value-added fuels and fine chemicals,however, requiring highly efficient catalysts, especially the nonprecious ones. To date, the majority of high-performance industrial hydrogenation catalysts are made of precious metals-based materials, and any given catalyst could only be used to catalyze one or few specific reactions. Herein, we exemplify a crystal phase engineering approach to empower Ni nanoparticles(NPs) with superb intrinsic catalytic activities toward a wide spectrum of hydrogenation reactions. A facile pyrolysis approach is used to directly convert a Ni-imidazole MOF precursor into hexagonal close-packed(hcp)-phased Ni NPs on carbon support. The as-synthesized hcp-phased Ni NPs exhibit unprecedented hydrogenation catalytic activities in pure water towards nitro-, aldehyde-, ketone-, alkene-and N heterocyclic-compounds, outperforming the face-centered cubic(fcc)-Ni counterpart and the reported transition metalsbased catalysts. The density functional theory calculations unveil that the presence of hcp-Ni boosts the intrinsic catalytic hydrogenation activity by coherently enhancing the substrate adsorption strength and lowering the reaction barrier energy of the rate-determining step. We anticipate that the crystal phase engineering design approach unveiled in this work would be adoptable to other types of reactions.

关键词： crystal phase engineering hcp-phased Ni nanoparticles catalytic hydrogenation DFT calculations H_(2)O solvent

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Transcriptome-wide mapping of pea seed ageing reveals a pivotal role for genes related to oxidative stress and programmed cell death

Transcriptome-wide mapping of pea seed ageing reveals a pivo...

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生态文明建设中的植物学：现在与未来——中国植物学会第十五届会员代表大会暨八十周年学术年会

作者： Hongying Chen Louise Colville Daniel Osuna Ilse Kranner Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Seed Conservation Department Royal Botanic Gardens Departamento de Fisiología Vegetal Centro Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias(CIALE)Facultad de Biología.Universidad de SalamancaC/Río Duero 1237185 SalamancaSpain

Understanding of seed ageing,which leads to viability loss during storage,is vital for ex situ plant conservation and agriculture *** the potential for regulation at the transcriptional level has not been fully ***,we studied the relationship between seed viability,gene expression and glutathione redox status during artificial ageing of pea(Pisum sativum) ***-wide analysis using microarrays was complemented with qRT-PCR analysis of selected genes and a multilevel analysis of the antioxidant *** degradation of DNA and RNA occurred from the onset of artificial ageing at 60% RH and 50℃,and transcriptome profiling showed that the expression of genes associated with programmed cell death,oxidative stress and protein ubiquitination were altered prior to any sign of viability *** 25 days of ageing viability started to decline in conjunction with progressively oxidising cellular conditions,as indicated by a shift of the glutathione redox state towards more positive values(>-180 mV).The unravelling of the molecular basis of seed ageing revealed that transcriptome reprogramming is a key component of the ageing process,which influences the progression of programmed cell death and decline in antioxidant capacity that ultimately lead to seed viability loss.

关键词： seed ageing programmed cell death glutathione transcriptome

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种质资源保存的战略问题和面临的挑战(英文)

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植物分类与资源学报 2011年第1期33卷 11-18页

作者：李德铢杨湘云 Hugh W.Pritchard 中国西南野生生物种质资源库中国科学院昆明植物研究所生物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室云南昆明650204 Seed Conservation Department Royal Botanic GardensKewWakehurst PlaceArdingly

植物种质资源保存,特别是种子库保存是各种迁地保护措施中最为经济有效的方法。通过对成千上万个物种的有效保存,种子库为减缓物种的灭绝和气候变化对生物多样性的影响发挥了特别关键的作用。本文较为详细地介绍了"中国西南野生生物种... 详细信息

植物种质资源保存,特别是种子库保存是各种迁地保护措施中最为经济有效的方法。通过对成千上万个物种的有效保存,种子库为减缓物种的灭绝和气候变化对生物多样性的影响发挥了特别关键的作用。本文较为详细地介绍了"中国西南野生生物种质资源库"的立项背景和最新进展,同时介绍了世界上其它几个主要的植物迁地保存设施,特别是英国皇家植物园的"千年种子库"。结合"全球植物保护策略"讨论了中国植物濒危状况,估计我国受威胁的物种比例达20-25%,甚至更高。本文还简要讨论了种子保存中的一些科学问题,包括超低温保存,并强调了植物分类学和种子生物学的学科建设在植物种质资源保护中的重要意义。

关键词：迁地保护植物种质资源种子库保存超低温保存中国西南野生生物种质资源库

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