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APOBEC3G Role on hiv Infection in Africa: A Systematic Review

American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第1期14卷 25-42页

作者： Tegwinde Rebeca Compaore Abdoul Karim Ouattara Adama Baguiya Lassina Traore Abdou Azaque Zoure Henri Gautier Ouedraogo Seni Kouanda Jacques Simpore Biomedical and Public Health Department Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS)/CNRST Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie et de Génétique Moléculaire (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Norbert Zongo (UNZ) Centre Universitaire de Manga Koudougou Burkina Faso

The highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) has allowed people living with hiv to live longer with a better quality of life. However, toxicity and the emergence of drug resistance arise from HAART use. Therefore, new antiretroviral therapy is needed since no cure or vaccine is available against hiv. Virus-host interaction has been proven to be important in the last decade. Host factors such as the C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), a receptor used by hiv to penetrate host cells, have led to the discovery of the Maraviroc, which is an antiretroviral medication used in the United States. In contrast, other factors like C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) and the Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G), a potent host defense factor against hiv, is under investigation. APOBEC3G antiviral activity remains a possible therapeutic target against hiv. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the role of APOBEC3G polymorphisms and their expression on hiv infection disease progression in Africa. We used Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar and searched for relevant publications in French or English reporting on APOBEC3G polymorphisms association with hiv infection in African populations from January 2009 to May 2023. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyzes) was used to process for reporting systematic review. Fifteen studies were included, of which seven were on APOBEC3G polymorphisms and eight were on APOBEC3G expression. Among the APOBEC3G polymorphisms, the most studied was H186R or rs8177832. The average of the minor allele frequency of H186R of APOBEC3G available for the studies included in this study was 0.29 with a 95% CI (0.172;0.401) and varied from 0.108 reported in Uganda to 0.47 recorded from Burkina Faso. The polymorphism H186R was not associated with hiv status in Southern Africa. However, the referent allele of H186R was protectiv

关键词： APOBEC3G hiv Genetic Variation Therapeutic Target African Populations

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Neglected tropical diseases:an effective global response to local poverty-related disease priorities

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第1期9卷 9-17页

作者： Dirk Engels Xiao-Nong Zhou Uniting to Combat NTDs Support centre GenevaSwitzerland National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China World Health Organization Collaborative centre for Tropical Diseases Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of Health of ChinaShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchJiatong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025People’s Republic of China

Background:Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)have long been overlooked in the global health *** are intimately related to poverty,cause important local burdens of disease,but individually do not represent global ***,NTDs were estimated to affect close to 2 billion people at the turn of the millennium,with a collective burden equivalent to hiv/AIDS,tuberculosis,or malaria.A global response was therefore *** text:The World Health Organization(WHO)conceived an innovative strategy in the early 2000s to combat NTDs as a group of diseases,based on a combination of five public health *** to essential NTD medicines has hugely improved thanks to strong public-private partnership involving the pharmaceutical *** combination of a WHO NTD roadmap with clear targets to be achieved by 2020 and game-changing partner commitments endorsed in the London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases,have led to unprecedented progress in the implementation of large-scale preventive treatment,case management and care of *** coming decade will see as challenges the mainstreaming of these NTD interventions into Universal Health Coverage and the coordination with other sectors to get to the roots of poverty and scale up transmissionbreaking *** expertise with the elimination of multiple NTDs,together with poverty reduction and intersectoral action piloted by municipalities and local governments,can serve as a model for the *** international community will also need to keep a specific focus on NTDs in order to further steer this global response,manage the scaling up and sustainment of NTD interventions globally,and develop novel products and implementation strategies for NTDs that are still lagging ***:The year 2020 will be crucial for the future of the global response to *** against the 2020 roadmap targets will be assessed,a new 2021–2030 NTD roadmap will be launched,and the London Dec

关键词： Neglected tropical diseases Diseases of poverty Global health priorities Integrated control

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小剂量肉毒杆菌毒素A治疗腋部多汗症的随机并列开放标记研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第1期2卷 30-31页

作者： Heckmann M Plewig G 李晓莉 Skin Care centre and Clinic Kreuzstrasse 26 82319 Starnberg GermanyDr

Objective: To compare 2 doses of botulinum toxin A in view of dose-dependent efficacy, longevity, and safety. Design: Sideby-side, controlled, randomized clinical trial with extended follow-up over 2 treatment cycles. Patients were injected with 200 U of botulinum toxin A (Dysport; Ipsen Ltd, Wrexham, England) into one axilla and 100 U into the other axilla in a randomized fashion. After 48 weeks of follow-up, the patients were given a second treatment with identical doses to the respective axillae and were again followed up for 48 weeks. Gravimetr ic measurements of sweat production and the patients’own rating of sweating wer e monitored. Setting: University-based outpatient clinic. Patients: Forty-thre e subjects with primary axillary hyperhidrosis that was unresponsive to topical therapy. Main Outcome Measure: Absolute values of sweat production. Results: Two weeks after treatment, the sweat production was significantly reduced compared with baseline levels. Both doses were equally effective. At week 48, the sweat p roduction had returned to baseline levels irrespective of the dose. After the se cond treatment, both doses were again equally effective at any follow-up point. At the end of the follow-up period (96 weeks) for the second treatment, the sw eat production was significantly lower than at the end of the first follow-up p eriod (48 weeks). The treatment was well tolerated, and there were no lasting or severe adverse effects. Conclusions: Short-and long-term results show that do ses of 100 and 200 U of botulinum toxin A are equally safe and effective. Howeve r, because of cost considerations and possible adverse effects, the lower dose i s preferable for treating axillary hyperhidrosis.

关键词：肉毒杆菌毒素多汗症腋部随机临床试验基线水平大学医院 England

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中学校医与健康教育教师预防艾滋病知识、态度及健康教育调查

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中国公共卫生 2002年第9期18卷 1124-1126页

作者：陈晶琦赵德才 Michael P.Dunne 北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所 100083 centre for Public Health Research Queensland University of Technology

目的　了解中学校医与健康教育教师预防艾滋病知识、态度及健康教育状况。方法　采用自填问卷方式 ,对14个城市的 6 5 3名中学校医及健康教育教师进行调查。结果　 95 %以上的被调查对象知道有关hiv/AIDS的传播途径及正确使用避孕套可... 详细信息

目的　了解中学校医与健康教育教师预防艾滋病知识、态度及健康教育状况。方法　采用自填问卷方式 ,对14个城市的 6 5 3名中学校医及健康教育教师进行调查。结果　 95 %以上的被调查对象知道有关hiv/AIDS的传播途径及正确使用避孕套可降低感染hiv/AIDS的危险性等知识。有关hiv/AIDS不传播途径、预防及治疗基本知识有待提高。分别有 97 9%和 90 5 %的调查对象赞成在大学和中学开展学校预防艾滋病健康教育 ;88 9%回答将愿意在学校开展预防艾滋病健康教育 ;71 2 %表示可以与艾滋病病毒感染者在同一个办公室工作。有 5 3 3%的校医及健康教育教师回答曾接受过有关学校预防艾滋病健康教育的培训。他们遇到的主要困难是缺少合适的教师参考书(6 7 0 % ) ,希望得到培训、资料、支持和专家指导。结论　应扩大对我国中学校医健康教育教师进行学校预防艾滋病健康教育培训 ;

关键词：中学校医健康教育教师预防艾滋病知识态度调查

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The Evaluation of Pediatric hiv Care in Congo

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第3期7卷 197-204页

作者： J. Kambourou L. N. Motoula Latou Moyen Engoba A. R. Okoko H. L. Atanda G. Moyen Pediatric Intensive Care Service University Center Hospital (UCH) of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Université Marien-Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Medico Social centre Total EP Pointe-Noire Congo

Pediatric AIDS is still a public health issue. In order to improve the care of children living with hiv, a study was carried out between January and December 2014, that is in 12 months at University Center Hospital (UCH) of Brazzaville, in the two Ambulant treatment Centers (ATCs) of Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire, In three general hospitals and seven base hospitals. Heads of centers and follow-up files of children aged 0 to 15 constituted the target population. The study variables concern the provision of care, the organization of structures and personnel, and data management. Thirteen health facilities, 13 heads of centers and 520 medical files were selected. hiv care was effective in nine out of eleven departments, only the two CTAs offered the entire package of activities. The diagnosis was made in WHO stage 3 in 433 cases (83.3%), the pre-therapeutic assessment in 246 cases (47.2%);Psychological care in 84 cases (16.1%) whose 80 (95.2%) in the ACT, nutritional management in 4 cases (0.7%). Nine out of 13 centers did not have computer tools or materials for patient information and education;No center had sufficient staff. The dispensation of Anti-retroviral drugs (ARDs) is not based on any standard and the safety conditions of the laboratory providers are not guaranteed. The importance of the observed dysfunction makes it necessary to improve the general conditions of care.

关键词： Evaluation Pediatric hiv/AIDS Care Congo

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Assessing the impact of TB/hiv services integration on TB treatment outcomes and their relevance in TB/hiv monitoring in Ghana

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2012年第1期1卷 110-117页

作者： Gloria Akosua Ansa John D Walley Kamran Siddiqi Xiaolin Wei University Hospital LegonUniversity of GhanaP.O.Box LG 79LegonAccraGhana Nuffield centre for International Health and Development University of Leeds101 Clarendon RoadLeeds LS29LJUnited Kingdom Department of Health Sciences The University of YorkSeebohm Rowntree BuildingHeslingtonYork YO105DDUnited Kingdom School of Public Health and Primary Care Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Background:The impact of the human immunodeficiency virus(hiv)on tuberculosis(TB),and the implications for TB and hiv control,is a public health challenge in Ghana-almost a quarter(23%)of all TB cases were hiv positive in *** integration of TB/hiv services has therefore emerged as an essential component of the national response to TB and *** aim is to reduce fragmentation,improve access,enhance efficiency and improve quality of ***’s TB/hiv policy comprises three linked sets of activities:effective implementation of the Stop TB Strategy for TB control,improved hiv prevention and care,and the implementation of additional TB/hiv *** models of service delivery with increasing integration of TB/hiv activities are expected to provide greater access to more comprehensive *** objective of this paper is to assess the impact of TB/hiv integration on TB treatment outcomes and to explore the usefulness of TB treatment outcomes as TB/hiv ***:A before-and-after study to observe the introduction of TB/hiv activities into TB programmes in three hospitals with different levels of integration was *** patient data was collated from TB registers from each facility,and analysed to determine if TB treatment outcomes changed significantly after ***:TB treatment success was 50%(95%CI 49-52)prior to,and 69%(95%CI 65-73)after,integration(Χ243.96,ptreatment success increased from 43%to 53%at the one-stop shop(OSS),from 69%to 78%at the partially integrated site(PIS)and substantially from 46%to 78%at the referral site(RS)(Χ264.54;ptreatment *** rates remained high at 18%in all cases studied and 25%in hiv-associated cases after ***:TB/hiv integration may improve TB treatment success,but its exact impa

关键词： Tuberculosis hiv Integration Indicator treatment outcome Referral Partial integration One-stop shop

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Types of Urinary Incontinence Prevalent among Kuwaiti Women with Type Two Diabetes Mellitus

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Open Journal of Nursing 2017年第10期7卷 1131-1143页

作者： Sanaa M. Taghaddom Florence E. Omu Fawzeyah S. H. S. AlHarbi Chitra Vellolikalam Samiha I. A. Dwaib Selma Joseph Gifta Jeevakumari Nursing Department Ministry of Health Kuwait City Kuwait Sabah Al Ahmad Urology centre Ministry of Health Kuwait City Kuwait College of Nursing The Public Authority for Applied Education & Training Kuwait City Kuwait

The aim of this study was to determine the types of urinary incontinence prevalent among Kuwaiti women with Type two Diabetes Mellitus attending the outpatient clinic at the Urology center and suggest appropriate nursing interventions. Urinary incontinence is not a life threatening condition but it can be emotionally devastating and therefore affects the sufferer’s quality of life. This cross-sectional descriptive survey consisted of 250 Kuwaiti women with type two diabetes mellitus receiving treatment at the outpatient department at Sabah Al-Ahmad Urology Center, Kuwait. The questionnaire comprised of a total of 33 questions, twelve of which explored participants’ socio demographic characteristics, risk factors and symptoms of their urinary incontinence. The remaining 21 items were adapted from King’s Health Questionnaire (KHQ) formulated in 1997 at King’s college, London, for the assessment of quality of life in women with urinary incontinence. Data collection was from February to May 2014. The result revealed that mixed urinary incontinence was the most prevalent type of urinary incontinence affecting Kuwaiti women with type two diabetes mellitus. Symptoms of both stress incontinence and urge incontinence (Over active bladder) were not mutually exclusive as they were present in 247 (98.8%) and 240 (96%) of the participants respectively. Key risk factors for developing incontinence were over three years duration of diabetes mellitus in 115 (56%) and delivery of one or more children reported by 206 (82%) of the participants. Analysis and result of King Health Questionnaire on quality of life will be reported in separate paper on the psychosocial impact of urinary incontinence on diabetic Kuwaiti women. In conclusion, urinary incontinence had a devastating effect on the lives of sufferers and therefore should be prevented at all cost by nurses providing anticipatory guidance to all pregnant and diabetic women and routinely teaching pelvic floor exercises to all post

关键词： Urinary Bladder Dysfunction Stress Incontinence Urge Incontinence Overactive Bladder Mixed Incontinence Type Two Diabetes Mellitus

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The Current hiv/AIDS Prevention Strategies—Widely Outsmarted by Omitting Realities: A Socio-Critical Analysis in the Context of Powerless Law, Ethics and Asymmetric Interpretation of Human Rights

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World Journal of AIDS 2015年第3期5卷 275-297页

作者： Reinhard H. Dennin Arndt Sinn Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene University of Luebeck Campus Luebeck Luebeck Germany AIDS Medical Board Medical Association Rostock Germany centre for European and International Criminal Law Studies (ZEIS) University of Osnabrueck Osnabrueck Germany

The hiv pandemic seems to be fading to some degree—but there are regional exceptions. The current liberal prevention strategy with programs aimed at risk reduction interventions in particular for sexual behavior and injecting drug use has been expanded by antiretroviral treatment approaches. It was expected to keep the prevalence of infectious individuals below a certain threshold to curb self-sustaining chains of hiv infections. The introduction of biomedical approaches by ART/HAART with regard to practicing risk reduction behavior has been received as an exemption of responsibility by certain populations who are defined as “at-risk” population. Certain parts of the hard-to-reach, high-risk population have returned to unsafe sex practices leading to careless behavior which in turn has promoted the spread of hiv. This is supported by modern trends in risk societies where with regard to hiv basic principles of ethics and tenets of the Human Rights like “don’t harm other people” have lost any normative power. In addition, with the support of NGOs, legal norms such as protecting the “bodily integrity of individuals” have been ignored, allowing the “passing of hiv to partners” to become socially acceptable behavior. As a whole, in defiance of the endeavors of prevention applied so far, certain societies are exposed to an ongoing spread of hiv.

关键词： hiv Prevention New Public Health Risk Society Jurisdiction Ethics

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基于一项大型随机试验的患者队列,预测稳定型心绞痛患者死亡、心肌梗死和脑卒中的风险评分

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2006年第3期2卷 19-20页

作者： Clayton T. C. Lubsen J. Pocock S. J. 王亭忠(译) 杜媛(校) 不详 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Erasmus Medical Centre 3000 DR RotterdamNetherlands

Objective: To derive a risk score for the combination of death from all causes, myocardial infarction, and disabling stroke in patients with stable symptomatic angina who require treatment for angina and have preserved left ventricular function. Design: Multivariate Cox regression analysis of data from a large multicentre trial. Setting: outpatient cardiology clinics in western Europe, Israel, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Participants: 7311 patients with all required data available. Main outcome measure: Death from any cause or myocardial infarction or disabling stroke during a mean follow-up of 4.9 years. Results: 1063 patients either died from any cause or sustained myocardial infarction or disabling stroke. The five year risk of this composite ranged from 4% for patients in the lowest tenth of risk to 35% for patients in the highest tenth. The risk score combines 16 routinely available clinical variables(in order of decreasing contribution): age, left ventricular ejection fraction, smoking, white blood cell count, diabetes, casual blood glucose concentration, creatinine concentration, previous stroke, at least one angina attack a week, coronary angiographic findings(if available), lipid lowering treatment, QT interval, systolic blood pressure ≥ 155 mm Hg, number of drugs used for angina, previous myocardial infarction, and sex. Fitting the same model separately to all cause death, myocardial infarction, and stroke gave similar results. The risk score did not seem to predict the nature of the event(death in 39% , myocardial infarction in 46% , and disabling stroke in 15% ) or the incidence of angiography or revascularisation, which occurred in 29% of patients. Conclusion: This risk score is an objective aid in deciding on further management of patients with stable angina with the aim of reducing serious outcome events. The score can also be used in planning future trials.

关键词：心绞痛患者稳定型心绞痛心肌梗死随机试验脑卒中风险评分 Cox回归分析队列预测

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A Case Report of Pemphigoid Nodularis as Masquerader of Neurotic Excoriations

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2020年第4期3卷 239-241页

作者： Tan Chee Hian Tey Hong Liang National Skin centre 308205Singapore Yong Loo Ling School of Medicine National University of Singapore117597Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University308232Singapore

Introduction:Pemphigoid nodularis is a rare clinical variant of bullous pemphigoid characterized by both prurigo nodularis-like lesions and pemphigoid-like *** presentation:A 72-year-old Chinese man has been on follow-up at an outpatient Dermatology unit for extensive prurigo nodularis for past 4 to 5 years until an inpatient stay when he was admitted for labile mood and erratic behavior due to the intense pruritus and skin *** the admission,the inpatient team noticed tense hemorrhagic blisters on his right thigh for which histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of bullous *** was treated with oral prednisolone,doxycycline,and nicotinamide,which led to clinical ***:Pemphigoid nodularis can be easily misdiagnosed as prurigo *** discuss clinical clues that can raise the suspicion of an underlying immunobullous disorder,including erythematous nodules with a much larger surface area affected by central erosions and *** associated with larger areas of erosions and ulceration is clues that lesions can be more than mere ***:It is important for clinicians to be aware of the presentation of prurigo nodularis in association with bullous pemphigoid such that effective treatment can be promptly *** is especially illustrated in this case,as the treatment of bullous pemphigoid not only improved his skin condition but it also improved his psychological health and behavior with the resolution of itch.

关键词： bullous pemphigoid pemphigoid nodularis itch case report

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