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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1321-1324页

作者： Baoman Li Yanyan Tian Puyue Wang Department of Life Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijing 100085China

Immunology,a biomedical discipline with an ancient history of maintaining thriving research vitality to date,refers to the study of the structure and function of the immune system of the body,the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases,immunological diagnoses,and prevention mechanisms(National Natural Science foundation of China,2023).Immunological research is the foundation of research in biology,as well as basic and clinical medicine(Kubli et al.,2021).

关键词： prevention foundation Natural

Impact of biliary stent-related events in patients diagnosed with advanced pancreatobiliary tumours receiving palliative chemotherapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第26期22卷 6065-6075页

作者： Angela Lamarca Christina Rigby Mairéad G Mc Namara Richard A Hubner Juan W Valle Department of Medical Oncology The Christie NHS Foundation Trust Institute of Cancer Sciences University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre

AIM: To determine the impact (morbidity/mortality) of biliary stent-related events (SRE) (cholangitis or stent obstruction) in chemotherapy-treated pancreatico-biliary ***: All consecutive patients with advanced pancreatobiliary cancer and a biliary stent in-situ prior to starting palliative chemotherapy were identified retrospectively from local electronic case-note records (Jan 13 to Jan 15). The primary end-point was SRE rate and the time-to-SRE (defined as time from first stenting before chemotherapy to date of SRE). Progression-free survival and overall survival were measured from the time of starting chemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier, Cox and Fine-Gray regression (univariate and multivariable) analyses were employed, as appropriate. For the analysis of time-to-SRE, death was considered as a competing ***: Ninety-six out of 693 screened patients were eligible; 89% had a metal stent (the remainder were plastic). The median time of follow-up was 9.6 mo (range 2.2 to 26.4). Forty-one patients (43%) developed a SRE during follow-up [cholangitis (39%), stent obstruction (29%), both (32%)]. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the SRE group and no-SRE groups. Recorded SRE-consequences were: none (37%), chemotherapy delay (24%), discontinuation (17%) and death (22%). The median time-to-SRE was 4.4 mo (95%CI: 3.6-5.5). Patients with severe comorbidities (P < 0.001) and patients with ≥ 2 baseline stents/biliary procedures [HR = 2.3 (95%CI: 1.2-4.44), P = 0.010] had a shorter time-to-SRE on multivariable analysis. Stage was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (P = 0.029) in the multivariable analysis adjusted for primary tumour site, performance status and development of SRE (SRE group vs no-SRE group).CONCLUSION: SREs are common and impact on patient’s morbidity. Our results highlight the need for prospective studies exploring the role of prophylactic strategies to prevent/del

关键词： Advanced biliary tract cancer Pancreatic cancer Biliary obstruction Biliary stent Stent-related event

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in end-stage liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第10期7卷 1427-1432页

作者： Clara Antoury Rocio Lopez Nizar Zein James K Stoller Naim Alkhouri Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic Foundation Department of Quantitative health Sciences Cleveland Clinic Foundation Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Digestive Disease Institute Cleveland Clinic Foundation Departments of Pulmonary and Critical Care Respiratory Institute and Education InstituteCleveland Clinic Foundation

AIM:To evaluate the association between alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency(A1ATD) and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in patients with end-stage liver disease(ESLD).METHODS:Patients with cirrhosis and ESLD referred to the Cleveland Clinic foundation for liver transplantation between 2003 and 2014 were included in the study(N = 675). ESLD was defined as having histological features of cirrhosis and/or radiological evidence of cirrhosis in the context of portal hypertension(ascites,variceal bleeding,thrombocytopenia,or hepatic encephalopathy). A1 ATD was diagnosed using phenotype characterization(MZ or ZZ),liver biopsy detection of PAS-positive diastaseresistant(PAS+) globules,or both. Patients with other causes of liver diseases such as hepatitis C virus(HCV),alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) or NASH were also included in the study. HCC was diagnosed by using imaging modalities,biopsy findings,or explanted liver inspection. Follow-up time was defined as the number of years from the diagnosis of cirrhosis to the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma,or from the diagnosis of cirrhosis to the last follow up visit. The rate of HCC was assessed using time-tointerval analysis for interval censored ***:This study included 675 patients. 7% of subjects had A1ATD(n = 47). Out of all subjects who did not have A1 ATD,46% had HCV,17% had alcoholic liver disease,19% had NASH and 18% had another primary diagnosis. Of the 47 subjects with A1 ATD,15 had a primary diagnosis of A1ATD(PI*ZZ phenotype and PAS+ globules),8 had a PI*MZ phenotype alone,14 had PAS+ alone,and 10 had both the PI*MZ phenotype and PAS+. Median follow-up time was 3.4(25th,75 th percentiles:1,5.2) years. The overall rate of hepatocellular carcinoma in all subjects was 29%(n = 199). In the A1 ATD group,the incidence rate of HCC was 8.5% compared to 31% in the group of patients with other causes of cirrhosis(P = 0.001). Patients with ESLD due to A1 ATD had the lowest yearly cumulativ

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cirrhosis End-stage liver disease Hepatitis C virus Alpha-1antitrypsin deficiency

Knowledge-Enhanced Conversational Agents

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第3期39卷 585-609页

作者： Fabio Caffaro Giuseppe Rizzo LINKS foundation 10138 TurinItaly

Humanity has fantasized about artificial intelligence tools able to discuss with human beings fluently for *** efforts have been proposed ranging from ELIZA to the modern vocal *** the large interest in this research and innovation field,there is a lack of common understanding on the concept of conversational agents and general over expectations that hide the current limitations of existing *** work proposes a literature review on the subject with a focus on the most promising type of conversational agents that are powered on top of knowledge bases and that can offer the ground knowledge to hold conversation autonomously on different *** describe a conceptual architecture to define the knowledge-enhanced conversational agents and investigate different domains of *** conclude this work by listing some promising research pathways for future work.

关键词： conversational agent dialogue system knowledge enhancing artificial agent intelligent conversation

Anti-voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibody-mediated limbic encephalitis:a case report of a 53-yearold man admitted to intensive care psychiatric unit with psychotic mania

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General Psychiatry 2020年第4期33卷 241-244页

作者： Homayun Shahpesandy Rosemary Mohammed-Ali Ahmed Oladosu Tarik AI-Kubaisy Moses Anene Umesh Sira Ramaiah The Hartsholme Centre Lincolnshire Partnership NHS Foundation TrustLincolnUK Spalding Community Mental health Team Lincolnshire Partnership NHS Foundation TrustSpaldingUK Early Intervention Psychosis Team Consultant Psychiatrist North Lincolnshire Community Mental HealthRotherham Doncaster NHS Foundation TrustScunthorpeUK Peter Hodgkinson Centre Lincolnshire Partnership NHS Foundation TrustLincolnUK Psychiatric Liaison Team Lincolnshire Partnership NHS Foundation TrustLincolnUK

Limbic encephalitis represents a cluster of autoimmune disorders,with inflammation in the medial temporal lobe characterised by subacute onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms such as anxiety,affective symptoms,psychosis,short-term memory impairment as well as faciobrachial and grand mal *** aim to present a case of a 53-year-old man with positive anti-voltage-gated potassium channel(VGKC)complex antibodies who initially presented with symptoms of psychotic *** weeks post-psychiatric symptomatology,he presented with neurological symptoms such as faciobrachial jerking and tonic-clonic *** patient had no previous psychiatric history and was initially treated with psychotropic *** experience emphasises the fact that limbic encephalitis is not easy to identify as most patients initially present with psychiatric symptomatology than neurological ***,immunological and laboratory testing takes a rather long time to determine the *** is more,few psychiatrists consider autoimmune nature of the neuropsychiatric ***,it is important to consider autoimmune encephalitis in patients with new-onset psychosis or mania who also present with neurological symptoms at some stage of their *** indicators of autoimmune encephalitis include neurological symptoms such as facial twitching,seizures,confusion and cognitive decline.

关键词： initially potassium admitted

Survey on Anonymity in Unstructured Peer-to-Peer Systems

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2008年第4期23卷 660-671页

作者：肖人毅 National Natural Science foundation of China

Although anonymizing Peer-to-Peer （P2P） networks often means extra cost in terms of transfer efficiency, many systems try to mask the identities of their users for privacy consideration. By comparison and analysis of existing approaches, we investigate the properties of unstructured P2P anonymity, and summarize current attack models on these designs. Most of these approaches are path-based, which require peers to pre-construct anonymous paths before transmission, thus suffering significant overhead and poor reliability. We also discuss the open problems in this field and propose several future research directions.

关键词： unstructured peer-to-peer systems mutual anonymity privacy distributed system

Nanocarrier-mediated siRNA delivery:a new approach for the treatment of traumatic brain injury-related Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2538-2555页

作者： Jie Jin Huajing Zhang Qianying Lu Linqiang Tian Sanqiao Yao Feng Lai Yangfan Liang Chuanchuan Liu Yujia Lu Sijia Tian Yanmei Zhao Wenjie Ren Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology TianjinChina Henan Medical Key Laboratory for Research of Trauma and Orthopedics The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenan ProvinceChina Clinical Medical Center of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenan ProvinceChina Institutes of health Central Plain Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenan ProvinceChina School of Public health Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangHenan ProvinceChina

Traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease share pathological similarities,including neuronal loss,amyloid-βdeposition,tau hyperphosphorylation,blood-brain barrier dysfunction,neuroinflammation,and cognitive ***,traumatic brain injury can exacerbate Alzheimer's disease-like pathologies,potentially leading to the development of Alzheimer's *** offer a potential solution by facilitating the delive ry of small interfering RNAs across the blood-brain barrier for the targeted silencing of key pathological genes implicated in traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease.U nlike traditional approaches to neuro regeneration,this is a molecula r-targeted strategy,thus avoiding non-specific drug *** review focuses on the use of nanocarrier systems for the efficient and precise delive ry of siRNAs,discussing the advantages,challenges,and future *** principle,siRNAs have the potential to target all genes and non-targetable protein s,holding significant promise for treating various *** the various therapeutic approaches currently available for neurological diseases,siRNA gene silencing can precisely"turn off"the expression of any gene at the genetic level,thus radically inhibiting disease progression;however,a significant challenge lies in delivering siRNAs across the blood-brain *** have received increasing attention as an innovative drug delive ry tool fo r the treatment of brain *** are considered a potential therapeutic strategy with the advantages of being able to cross the blood-brain barrier,targeted drug delivery,enhanced drug stability,and multifunctional *** use of nanoparticles to deliver specific modified siRNAs to the injured brain is gradually being recognized as a feasible and effective *** this strategy is still in the preclinical exploration stage,it is expected to achieve clinical translation in the future,creating a new field of molecular tar

关键词： blood-brain barrier cognitive dysfunction exosomes gene silencing immunotherapy inorganic nanomaterials liposome nanoparticles neuroinflammation polymer nanoparticles stem cells

Pretreatment red blood cell distribution width as a predictive marker for postoperative complications after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 143-157页

作者： Xian-Rang Cao Yin-Long Xu Jia-Wei Chai Kai Zheng Jun-Jie Kong Jun Liu Shun-Zhen Zheng Department of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250021Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalJinan 250014Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Red blood cell distribution width(RDW)is associated with the development and progression of various *** To explore the association between pretreatment RDW and short-term outcomes after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy(LPD).METHODS A total of 804 consecutive patients who underwent LPD at our hospital between March 2017 and November 2021 were retrospectively *** between pretreatment RDW and clinicopathological characteristics and short-term outcomes were *** Patients with higher pretreatment RDW were older,had higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores and were associated with poorer short-term outcomes than those with normal *** pretreatment RDW was an independent risk factor for postoperative complications(POCs)(hazard ratio=2.973,95%confidence interval:2.032-4.350,P<0.001)and severe POCs of grade IIIa or higher(hazard ratio=3.138,95%confidence interval:2.042-4.824,P<0.001)based on the Clavien-Dino classification *** analysis showed that high pretreatment RDW was an independent risk factor for Clavien-Dino classi-fication grade IIIb or higher POCs,a comprehensive complication index score≥26.2,severe postoperative pancreatic fistula,severe bile leakage and severe *** pretreatment RDW was positively associated with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and was negatively associated with albumin and the prognostic nutritional *** Pretreatment RDW was a special parameter for patients who underwent *** was associated with malnutrition,severe inflammatory status and poorer short-term *** could be a surrogate marker for nutritional and inflammatory status in identifying patients who were at high risk of developing POCs after LPD.

关键词： Biomarker Laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy Postoperative complication Red blood cell distribution width Short-term outcomes

A novel therapeutic anti-HBV antibody with increased binding to human FcRn improves in vivo PK in mice and monkeys

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Protein & Cell 2018年第1期9卷 130-134页

作者： Ciming Kang Lin Xia Yuanzhi Chen Tianying Zhang Yiwen Wang Bing Zhou Min You Quan Yuan Chi-Meng Tzeng Zhiqiang An Wenxin Luo Ningshao Xia Texas Therapeutics Institute The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston USA

Antibody immunotherapy is a well-established therapeutic modality for cancer, acute viral infections （Marasco and Sui, 2007） and persistent viral infection such as HIV （Barouch et al., 2013） and HCMV （Freed et al., 2013）. To reduce immunogenicity of rodent antibodies （Abs）, approved anti-body drugs entering clinical trials are of human origin or are humanized versions of rodent antibodies （Reichert, 2008）.

关键词：

Hepatitis elimination by 2030: Progress and challenges

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第44期24卷 4959-4961页

作者： Yasir Waheed Masood Siddiq Zubia Jamil Muzammil Hasan Najmi Multidisciplinary Laboratory Foundation University Medical College Foundation University Islamabad Department of Medicine Jinnah Memorial Hospital Department of Medicine Fauji Foundation Hospital Foundation University Medical College Foundation University Islamabad Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Foundation University Medical College Foundation University Islamabad

Globally, over 300 million people are living with viral he-patitis with approximately 1.3 million deaths per year. In 2016, World health Assembly adopted the Global health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis to eliminate hepatitis by 2030. Different World health Organization member countries are working on hepatitis control strategies to achieve hepatitis elimination. So far, only 12 countries are on track to achieve hepatitis elimination targets. The aim of the study was to give an update about the progress and challenges to achieving hepatitis elimination by 2030. According to the latest data, 87% of infants had received the three doses of hepatitis B virus （HBV） vaccination in the frst year of their life and 46% of infants had received a timely birth dose of HBV *** is a strong need to improve blood and injection safety. Rates of hepatitis B and C diagnosis are very low and only 11% of hepatitis B and C cases are diagnosed. There is a dire need to speed up hepatitis diagnosis and find the missing millions of people living with viral hepatitis. Up to 2016, only 3 million hepatitis C cases have been treated. Pricing of hepatitis C virus drugs is also reduced in many countries. The major hurdle to ach-ieve hepatitis elimination is lack of finances to support hepatitis programs. None of the major global donors are committed to invest in the fght against hepatitis. It will be very diffcult for the low and middle-income countries to fund their hepatitis control program. Hepatitis elimination needs strong fnancial and political commitment, support from civil societies, and support from pharmaceutical and medical companies around the globe.

关键词： Hepatitis Global health Sector Strategy Hepatitis B virus vaccination Injection safety Find