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Appraisal of pollution and health risks associated with coal mine contaminated soil using multimodal statistical and Fuzzy-TOPSIS approaches

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 101-115页

作者： Sumit Kumar Sonali Banerjee Saibal Ghosh Santanu Majumder Jajati Mandal Pankaj Kumar Roy Pradip Bhattacharyya Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit Indian Statistical InstituteGiridih815301India Department of Life and Environmental Sciences Bournemouth University(Talbot Campus)Fern BarrowPooleBH12 5BBUK School of Sciences Engineering & EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordSalfordM5 4QJUK School of Water Resource Engineering Jadavpur UniversityKolkata700032India School of Environmental Studies Jadavpur UniversityKolkata700032India

The present study assesses the concentration,probabilistic risk,source classification,and dietary risk arising from heavy metal(HMs)pollution in agricultural soils affected by coal mining in eastern part of *** of soil and rice plant indicated significantly elevated levels of HMs beyond the permissible limit in the contaminated zones(zone 1:PbSoil:108.24±72.97,CuSoil:57.26±23.91,CdSoil:8.44±2.76,CrSoil:180.05±46.90,NiSoil:70.79±25.06 mg/kg;PbGrain:0.96±0.8,CuGrain:8.6±5.1,CdGrain:0.65±0.42,CrGrain:4.78±1.89,NiGrain:11.74±4.38 mg/*** 2:PbSoil:139.56±69.46,CuSoil:69.89±19.86,CdSoil:8.95±2.57,CrSoil:245.46±70.66,NiSoil:95.46±22.89 mg/kg;PbGrain:1.27±0.84,CuGrain:7.9±4.57,CdGrain:0.76±0.43,CrGrain:8.6±1.58,NiGrain:11.50±2.46 mg/kg)compared to the uncontaminated zone(zone 3).Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks were computed based on the HMs concentration in the soil and rice grain,with Pb,Cr,and Ni identified as posing a high risk to human *** Carlo simulation,the solubility-free ion activity model(FIAM),and severity adjusted margin of exposure(SAMOE)were employed to predict health *** hazard quotient(HQ)values for Ni,Cr,Cd,and Pb were>1,indicating a significant non-carcinogenic ***(risk thermometer)results for contaminated zones ranged from low to moderate risk(CrSAMOE:0.05,and NiSAMOE:0.03).Fuzzy-TOPSIS and variable importance plots(from random forest)showed that Ni and Cr were mostly responsible for the toxicity in the rice plant,respectively.A self-organizing map for source classification revealed common origin for the studied HMs with zone 2 exhibiting the highest *** positive matrix factorization model for the source apportionment identified coal mining and transportation as the predominant sources of *** distribution analysis indicated higher contamination near mining sites as compared to distant sampling ***,this study will aid environmental scientists and policymakers controllin

关键词： Coal mine Free ion activity model Monto Carlo Simulation Pollution and Health risk Fuzzy-TOPSIS

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Making the case for the evolving role of social media in health professions education and a literature review on the application of some in ophthalmology

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第2期9卷 1-11页

作者： Helena Prior Filipe Mila Kostic Mildred Lopez Karl Golnik West Lisbon Hospitals Center Hospital Egas MonizLisbonPortugal Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research LisbonPortugal Continuing Education and Development in Health Professions RichboroPAUSA Coordinación de Educación en Salud Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social(IMSS)Mexico CityMexico Department of Neurology Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixAZUSA Department of Ophthalmology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Background and Objective:Social media(SoMe)has emerged as a tool in health professions education(HPE),particularly amidst the challenges posed by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** the academia’s initial skepticism SoMe has been gaining traction in supporting learning communities,and offering opportunities for innovation in *** study aims to explore the integration of SoMe in *** key components were outlined as necessary for a successful integration,and include designing learning experiences,defining educator roles,selecting appropriate platforms,and establishing educational ***:This article stemmed from the online Teaching Skills Series module on SoMe in education from the Ophthalmology Foundation,and drew upon evidence supporting learning theories relevant to SoMe integration and models of ***,we conducted a literature review considering Englishlanguage articles on the application of SoMe in ophthalmology from PubMed over the past *** Content and Findings:Early adopters of SoMe platforms in HPE have leveraged these tools to enhance learning experiences through interaction,dialogue,content sharing,and active learning *** integrating SoMe into educational programs,both online and in-person,educators can overcome time and geographical constraints,fostering more diverse and inclusive learning *** consideration is,however,necessary to address potential limitations within ***:This article lays groundwork for expanding SoMe integration in HPE design,emphasizing the supportive scaffold of various learning theories,and the need of furthering robust research on examining its advantages over traditional educational *** literature review underscores an ongoing multifaceted,random application of SoMe platforms in ophthalmology *** advocate for an effective incorporation of SoMe in HPE education,with the need to comply with good educational practice.

关键词： Social media(SoMe) health professions education(HPE) active learning social learning technology enhanced learning

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Simultaneous determination of LY3214996,abemaciclib,and M2 and M20 metabolites in human plasma,cerebrospinal fluid,and brain tumor by LC-MS/MS

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2022年第4期12卷 601-609页

作者： Tigran Margaryan Mackenna Elliott Nader Sanai Artak Tovmasyan Ivy Brain Tumor Center Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixAZ85013USA

A sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)method was established for the quantification of total and unbound concentrations of LY3214996,an extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor;abemaciclib,a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor;and abemaciclib active metabolites,M2 and M20,in human plasma,brain tumor,and cerebrospinal fluid *** method was validated over a concentration range of 0.2e500 nM within a total run time of 3.8 min using isocratic elution on a Kinetex^(TM) F_(5) *** was performed on a Sciex QTRAP 6500t mass spectrometer employing multiple reaction monitoring mode under positive electrospray *** intra-and inter-batch accuracy as well as the precision of the method for all matrices was within ±20% and ≤20% at the lower limit of quantification,and within ±15% and ≤15% for other quality control levels for all *** unbound fractions of drugs and metabolites in spiked and patient samples were determined using an optimized equilibrium *** validated method was successfully applied in a phase 0/2 clinical trial to assess the central nervous system penetration of LY3214996 and abemaciclib.

关键词： LC-MS/MS LY3214996 Abemaciclib Brain tumor penetration Equilibrium dialysis

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Sodium and water perturbations in patients who had an acute stroke:clinical relevance and management strategies for the neurologist

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第3期7卷 258-266页

作者： Kevin C J Yuen Valerie Sharf Elizabeth Smith Minhwan Kim Alissya S M Yuen Paul R MacDonald Departments of Neuroendocrinology and Neurosurgery Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA University of Arizona College of Medicine and Creighton School of Medicine PhoenixArizonaUSA Department of Neurology Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA Midwestern University GlendaleIllinoisUSA Creighton University School of Medicine PhoenixArizonaUSA University of California Davis DavisCaliforniaUSA

Sodium and water perturbations,manifesting as hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,are common in patients who had an acute stroke,and are associated with worse outcomes and increased *** non-stroke related causes of sodium and water perturbations in these patients include underlying comorbidities and concomitant ***,hospitalised patients who had an acute stroke may receive excessive intravenous hypotonic solutions,have poor fluid intake due to impaired neurocognition and consciousness,may develop sepsis or are administered drugs(eg,mannitol);factors that can further alter serum sodium *** and water perturbations can also be exacerbated by the development of endocrine consequences after an acute stroke,including secondary adrenal insufficiency,syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and diabetes ***,COVID-19 infection has been reported to increase the risk of development of sodium and water perturbations that may further worsen the outcomes of patients who had an acute *** there are currently no accepted consensus guidelines on the management of sodium and water perturbations in patients who had an acute stroke,we conducted a systematic review of the literature published in English and in peer-reviewed journals between January 2000 and December 2020,according to PRISMA guidelines,to assess on the current knowledge and clinical practices of this *** this review,we discuss the signs and symptoms of hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,the pathogenesis of hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,their clinical relevance,and we provide our recommendations for effective treatment strategies for the neurologist in the management of sodium and water perturbations in commonly encountered aetiologies of patients who had an acute stroke.

关键词： patients impaired consequences

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Precision antiplatelet therapy for the prevention of ischaemic stroke

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第2期7卷 89-91页

作者： David Wang Neurovascular Division Department of NeurologyBarrow Neurological InstituteSt.Joseph's Hospital and Medical CenterPhoenixArizonaUSA

Stroke happens to people of all ages and has become the leading cause of disability in the world.1 It is also the leading cause of death in China and fifth-leading cause of death in the USA.23 Prevention of stroke is the best *** use of antiplatelet therapy is one of the main prevention *** is the only antiplatelet drug indicated for primary or secondary stroke *** the invention of aspirin nearly 120 years ago,more antiplatelet agents are *** can select one antiplatelet drug or the combination for a specific patient with a specific subtype of ischaemic *** kind of precision antiplatelet therapy can maximise the benefit and lower the risk of haemorrhagic complications.

关键词： prevention death Aspirin

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Editorial:minor stroke is not minor

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第3期8卷 175-177页

作者： Xinyi Leng David Wang Medicine&Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina barrow Neurological Institute Petznick Stroke Center PhoenixAZUSA

Defining minor stroke can be complicated.A minor stroke can be called a mini or small *** is often defined by the severity of neurological deficit,size of ischaemic lesion(s)on neuroimaging,and level of *** definition... 详细信息

关键词： minor severity transient

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Female sex in experimental traumatic brain injury research:forging a path forward

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 550-552页

作者： Theresa Currier Thomas Caitlin E.Bromberg Gokul Krishna Department of Child Health University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital PhoenixAZUSA Phoenix VA Health Care System PhoenixAZUSA Arizona State University TempeAZUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,with estimates indicating that -50% of the world's population will acquire a head injury at some point in their lifetime(Maas et al.,2017).Mild TBIs account for -80% of all reported cases,with up to 43% of all TBI patients reporting symptoms beyond 2 weeks *** of 2016,only 7% of preclinical TBI experiments included both male and female sexes,and fewer studies analyzed the data using sex as a biological variable(Spani et al.,2018).

关键词： injury death

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Advances in the imaging of cerebral aneurysm inflammation

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Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2015年第1期2卷 51-54页

作者： Michael R.Levitt M.Yashar S.Kalani Karam Moon Cameron G.McDougall Felipe C.Albuquerque Division of Neurological surgery Barrow Neurological InstituteSt.Joseph’s Hospital and Medical CenterPhoenixAZ 85013USA

Cerebral aneurysm formation,growth and rupture are thought to be the result of a complex interaction between cerebrovascular hemodynamics and ***,new evidence has emerged regarding the role of inflammation in the walls of cerebral *** methods to characterize the degree of inflammation in aneurysms could enable clinicians to estimate the risk of future aneurysm growth and rupture,influencing *** review examines emerging techniques of imaging inflammatory biomarkers in cerebral aneurysms.

关键词： Ferrosoferric oxide inflammation intracranial aneurysm magnetic resonance angiography subarachnoid hemorrhage

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Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors serve as sensitive targets that mediate β-amyloid neurotoxicity

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第10期27卷 1277-1286页

作者： Qiang LIU Jie WU Division of Neurology,barrow Neurological Institute,St Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center,Phoenix,Arizona 85013,USA Division of Neurology Barrow Neurological Institute St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center Phoenix USA

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of brain dementia characterizedby the accumulation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) and loss of forebrain cholinergicneurons.Aβ accumulation and aggregation are thought to contribute to cholin-ergic neuronal degeneration,in turn causing learning and memory deficits,but thespecific targets that mediate Aβ neurotoxicity remain ***,accumu-lating lines of evidence have demonstrated that Aβ directly modulates the func-tion of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs),which leads to thenew hypothesis that neuronal nAChRs may serve as important targets that medi-ate Aβ *** this review,we summarize current studies performed inour laboratory and in others to address the question of how Aβ modulates neu-ronal nAChRs,especially nAChR subunit function.

关键词： nicotinic acetylcholine receptor β-amyloid peptides neurodegeneration Alzheimer’s disease

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A Comparison of Mamdani and Sugeno Fuzzy Based Packet Scheduler for MANET with a Realistic Wireless Propagation Model

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2015年第1期12卷 1-13页

作者： Oche Alexander Egaji Alison Griffiths Mohammad S.Hasan Hong-Nian Yu Faculty of Computing Engineering and Sciences Staffordshire University Faculty of Science and Technology Bournemouth UniversityFern Barrow Pool Dorset UK

The mobile nature of the nodes in a wireless mobile ad-hoc network(MANET) and the error prone link connectivity between nodes pose many challenges. These include frequent route changes, high packet loss, etc. Such problems increase the end-toend delay and decrease the throughput. This paper proposes two adaptive priority packet scheduling algorithms for MANET based on Mamdani and Sugeno fuzzy inference system. The fuzzy systems consist of three input variables: data rate, signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and queue size. The fuzzy decision system has been optimised to improve its efficiency. Both fuzzy systems were verified using the Matlab fuzzy toolbox and the performance of both algorithms were evaluated using the riverbed modeler(formally known as OPNET modeler). The results were compared to an existing fuzzy scheduler under various network loads, for constant-bit-rate(CBR) and variable-bit-rate(VBR) traffic. The measuring metrics which form the basis for performance evaluation are end-to-end delay, throughput and packet delivery ratio. The proposed Mamdani and Sugeno scheduler perform better than the existing scheduler for CBR traffic. The end-to-end delay for Mamdani and Sugeno scheduler was reduced by an average of 52 % and 54 %, *** performance of the throughput and packet delivery ratio for CBR traffic are very similar to the existing scheduler because of the characteristic of the traffic. The network was also at full capacity. The proposed schedulers also showed a better performance for VBR traffic. The end-to-end delay was reduced by an average of 38 % and 52 %, respectively. Both the throughput and packet delivery ratio(PDR) increased by an average of 53 % and 47 %, respectively. The Mamdani scheduler is more computationally complex than the Sugeno scheduler, even though they both showed similar network performance. Thus, the Sugeno scheduler is more suitable for real-time applications.

关键词： Riverbed modeler variable-bit-rate(VBR) constant-bit-rate(CBR) signal-to noise ratio(SNR) wireless mobile ad-hoc network(MANET)

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