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Self-medication with nutritional supplements and herbal over-the-counter products

Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2011年第2期1卷 62-70页

作者： Tolga EICHHORN Henry Johannes GRETEN Thomas EFFERTH Department of Pharmaceutical Biology Institute of Pharmacy and BiochemistryJohannes Gutenberg UniversityStaudinger Weg 555128 MainzGermany Heidelberg School of Chinese Medicine Karlsruher Straße 1269126 HeidelbergGermanyand Biomedical Sciences Institute Abel SalazarUniversity of PortoPortugal

In recent years,the popularity increased for nutritional supplements and herbal *** drugs,but not herbal therapies are paid by health *** are sold over-the-counter(OTC)on the patients’own ***,there are potential risks of self-medication,*** self-diagnosis,severe adverse reactions,dangerous drug interactions,risk of addiction *** are often used by patients at their own discretion without knowledge of and control by their *** users are at risk of *** medications taken by older patients increase the risk for adverse drug reactions,drug-drug interactions,and compliance problems for this age group(polypharmacy).Herbals should be discontinued prior to operations to avoid interactions with anesthetics or *** preparations may also be carcinogenic or interfere with cancer *** women use various OTC ***,in many cases,it is unclear whether their use is safe for mother or ***-medication with herbals is also largely distributed among anxious and depressive patients,and patients with other conditions and *** popularity of herbal products has also brought concerns on quality,efficacy and *** of botanical misidentification,contaminations with heavy metals,pesticides,radioactivity,organic solvents,microbials as well as adulteration with chemical drugs necessitate the establishment of international quality control *** effects have been reported for more than 300 plant species,and some commonly used herbs have been demonstrated to interact with Western *** care professionals have a critical responsibility assessing the self-care ability of their *** are available for pharmacists with information on action,side effects and toxicities as well as herbdrug *** is a need for established guidelines regarding the correct use of nutritional supplements and herbal OTC pre

关键词： botanicals contamination complementary and alternative medicine drug interactions geriatric gynecology insomnia hepatotoxicity menopause nephrotoxicity over-the-counter pain phase I/II enzymes pharmacognosy pharmacovigilance phyto-chemicals phytotherapy phytovigilance quality control

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Dynamic changes of postprandial plasma metabolites after intake of corn-soybean meal or casein-starch diets in growing pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 1049-1058页

作者： Tiantian Li Shimeng Huang Juntao Li Hu Liu Wei Wang Na Li Meng Shi Shiyu Tao Shuai Zhang Zhen Li Junjun Wang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and biochemistry College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background: Postprandial nutrients utilization and metabolism of a certain diet is a complicated process. The metabolic feature of pigs after intake of corn-soybean meal or casein-starch diets are largely unknown. Therefore,this study was conducted to investigate the dynamic postprandial changes of plasma metabolic profile using growing pigs using ***: Twenty-four growing pigs with average initial body weight(BW) about 30 kg were placed in metabolic cages and then fitted with precaval vein catheters. Pigs were fed daily 4% of initial body weight. Two experimental diets were included:(i) a starch-casein based purified diet(PD) and(ii) a common corn-soybean meal diet(CD).Plasma was collected before feeding and 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h after ***: In both diets, compared to prior to feeding, the concentrations of glucose, most amino acids, metabolites such as 5-aminopentanoic acid, pipecolic acid, ornithine and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan were significantly increased in plasma during the first hour, whereas the concentrations of plasma triglycerides, glutamate, glycine, palmitelaidic acid, 13-HODE and oleic acid were decreased in the first hour. Compared with PD group, concentration of plasma leucine and isoleucine declined at 30 min in CD group. Plasma linoleic acid, sphingosine and many dipeptides were significantly higher in pigs fed ***: Most significant metabolic changes occurred during the first hour after feeding and then became relatively stable after 2 h in both diets. These results show a broad scope picture of postprandial changes in plasma metabolites after intake of PD and CD and could be a reference for further nutrition intervention as well as the design of nutritional studies.

关键词： Diet Metabolomics Plasma metabolites Pig Postprandial

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Potential of Speciality and Underutilised Grain Species and Pseudocereals for Food Production

Potential of Speciality and Underutilised Grain Species and ...

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第十四届国际谷物科技与面包大会暨国际油料与油脂发展论坛

作者： Regine Schoenlechner Sandor Tmskzi Institute of Food Technology Department of Food Sciences and Technology University of Natural Resou rces and Life SciencesViennaAustria Department of Applied biochemistry and Food Science Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary

＜正＞In all regions world-wide,cereals and cereal based foods are important staple foods and they are an important contribution to human nutrition and *** can and do contribute a significant amount of healthy food ingredients in the *** active constituents of cereals that promote beneficial physiological effects are especially dietary fibre,certain vitamins like folic acid and secondary plant metabolites like *** recent years the variety of used cereal species has become smaller and ***,more than 86%of the total cereal production is maize （31.3%）,wheat（27.7%） and rice（27%）.Within Europe（EU-25） the production of wheat is even more dominant（47.2%）;production of barley is 21.5%,maize 18.6%,rice only 0.9%（FAOSTAT,2010）.These data show that the use of speciality and underutilised cereals,and pseudocereals is lower than 14%. For nutritional and agricultural reasons this low biodiversity is not very *** minor produced cereal group comprises a large number of（true） cereal species like rye,oat,triticale,millet,sorghum and others,but also pseudocereals like amaranth,quinoa and *** pseudocereals are assigned to the dicotyledonae（unlike cereals,which are monoctyledonae）,but they all produce starch-rich seeds that can be used like *** three pseudocereals show a valuable nutritional composition and interesting functional *** amaranth and quinoa the excellent protein composition with a high amount of essential amino acids and high physiological value has to be pointed *** far as known today,amaranth,quinoa and buckwheat do not contain any prolamins toxic to *** these raw materials can be used for the manufacturing of gluten-free *** the starch granules of both plants are among the smallest known and the amylose content is very low,they show unique physicochemical *** contrast,buckwheat starch is high in *** acid pattern is good for all three pse

关键词： underutilised and specialty cereals pseudocereals processing

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Comparison of Proximate Composition and nutritional Qualities of Fifty-Three Cashew Accessions from Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1191-1203页

作者： Judith N. Semporé Laurencia T. Songré-Ouattara Windpouiré Vianney Tarpaga Fabrice Bationo Mamoudou H. Dicko Laboratory of biochemistry Biotechnology Food Technology and Nutrition (LABIOTAN) UFR-SVT UJKZ Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Food Technology Department Institute of Research for Applied Sciences and Technologies (IRSAT) CNRST Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Centre for Specialization in Fruits and Vegetables Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA) CNRST Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Cashew cultivation is growing in Burkina Faso, but nut production remains low. Identification of high-performance plant material with known varietal characteristics is essential for breeding. This study consisted of physical-chemical and nutritional characterization of almonds from a core selection of 53 cashew accessions from Burkina Faso. Proximate composition included contents in water, lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, ash, cellulose using standard methods. Major constituents were lipids with an average level of 50.71% ± 4.07%, followed by carbohydrates and proteins with average levels of 21.18% ± 3.81% and 20.62% ± 1.58%, respectively. Average water, ash and cellulose levels were 4.56% ± 0.39%, 2.87% ± 0.27% and 4.61% ± 2.52%, respectively. The analysis of variability within accessions, based on physical and chemical parameters, identified 3 groups that differ in lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, cellulose and energy value. The first group containing 17 accessions of fat-rich cashews, average protein levels and very high energy values is more interesting for tree improvement programs.

关键词： Anacardium occidental L. Cashew Composition Accessions Burkina Faso

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ITPK1 is an InsP_(6)/ADP phosphotransferase that controls phosphate signaling in Arabidopsis.

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Molecular Plant 2021年第11期14卷 1864-1880页

作者： Esther Riemer Danye Qiu Debabrata Laha Robert K.Harmel Philipp Gaugler Verena Gaugler Michael Frei Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei Nargis Parvin Laha Lukas Krusenbaum Robin Schneider Adolfo Saiardi Dorothea Fiedler Henning J.Jessen Gabriel Schaaf Ricardo F.H.Giehl Department of Plant Nutrition Institute of Crop Science and Resource ConservationRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn53115 BonnGermany Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg79104 FreiburgGermany Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology(MRC-LMCB) University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of biochemistry Indian Institute of ScienceBengaluruKarnataka 560012India Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut fur Molekulare Pharmakologie 13125 BerlinGermany Department of Chemistry Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin12489 BerlinGermany Institute of Agronomy and Crop Physiology Justus-Liebig University Giessen35392 GiessenGermany Department of Physiology&Cell Biology Leibniz-lnstitute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research06466 GaterslebenGermany

In plants, phosphate (Pi) homeostasis is regulated by the interaction of PHR transcription factors with stand-alone SPX proteins, which act as sensors for inositol pyrophosphates. Here, we combined different methods to obtain a comprehensive picture of how inositol (pyro)phosphate metabolism is regulated by Pi and dependent on the inositol phosphate kinase ITPK1. We found that inositol pyrophosphates are more responsive to Pi than lower inositol phosphates, a response conserved across kingdoms. With CE-ESI-MS we could separate different InsP7 isomers in Arabidopsis and rice, and identify 4/6-InsP7 and a PP-InsP4 isomer hitherto not reported in plants. We found that the inositol pyrophosphates 1/3-InsP7, 5-InsP7 and InsP8 increase severalfold in shoots after Pi resupply and that tissue-specific accumulation of inositol pyrophosphates relies on ITPK1 activities and MRP5-dependent InsP6 compartmentalization. Notably, ITPK1 is critical for Pi-dependent 5-InsP7 and InsP8 synthesis in planta and its activity regulates Pi starvation responses in a PHR-dependent manner. Furthermore, we demonstrate that ITPK1-mediated conversion of InsP6 to 5-InsP7 requires high ATP concentrations and that Arabidopsis ITPK1 has an ADP phosphotransferase activity to dephosphorylate specifically 5-InsP7 under low ATP. Collectively, our study provides deeper insights into Pi-dependent changes in nutritional and energetic states with the synthesis of regulatory inositol pyrophosphates.

关键词： diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate kinase inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate 5/6-kinase 1 inositol phosphates inositol pyrophosphates phosphate homeostasis phosphate signaling

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The Efficacy of a Formula Food for Preventing Postoperative Recurrence in a Tumor Dormancy Model

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Journal of nutritional Oncology 2019年第4期4卷 180-186页

作者： Jie Zhang Zhe Wen Chen Ming Yong Miao Han Ping Shi Department of Respiratory Diseases the Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityHuai’an 223002China The Second Affiliated Hospital Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000China Department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology Naval Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition Beijing Shijitan Hospital/Capital Medical University Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Cancer Metabolism and Nutrition/Department of Oncology Capital Medical University Beijing 100038China

Objective To establish a lung cancer dormancy mouse model and verify the effects of Wushen(WS),a formula food,on postoperative *** We established a Lewis cell tumor dormancy model system that definitively links surgery and the subsequent wound-healing response to the outgrowth of lung cancer *** used this model to observe the effects of WS on the postoperative recurrence and the nutritional status of the ***,the immunocyte subtypes and cytokine levels in the serum and spleens of mice were detected by flow cytometry and *** The recurrence rate in the WS group was obviously lower than that in the control *** increased the body weights and serum albumin levels of the *** levels of NK,Gr1+CD11b+CD3+CD8+and CD3+CD4+T cells in the spleens of mice in the WS group were also *** with the control group,the levels of CD4+IFN-γ+,CD4+IL-2 and CD4+/IL-10+in the spleens of mice in the WS group were *** also seemed to decrease the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α,but the decrease was not *** The postoperative lung cancer recurrence model was successfully *** inhibited postoperative recurrence,apparently by regulating the level of immune cell subtypes and cytokines in the serum and spleen.

关键词： Wushen Immune regulation Tumor dormancy Postoperative recurrence

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Low Glucose Enhances the Sensitivity of Pancreatic Cancer Cells to Metformin

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Journal of nutritional Oncology 2017年第4期2卷 196-201页

作者： Jie Zhang Ming Hua Cong Zhe Wen Chen Yun Gao Wei Nan Yu Ming Yong Miao Han Ping Shi Department of Endocrinology Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical CollegeHuai’an 223002China National Cancer Center Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China The Second Affiliated Hospital Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000China Department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Basic Medical SciencesThe Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Gastrointestinal General Surgery Department of Clinical NutritionBeijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China

Objective To determine the impact of different glucose levels on the anti-tumor effects of metformin,and to explore the mechanism underlying these *** Human pancreatic cancer cells(Panc-1,sw1990,AsPC-1,BxPC-3)cultured in media with different glucose levels were treated with metformin for 24 ***,the cell proliferation and ATP levels were examined.A subcutaneous Panc-1 xenograft tumor model was established in nude ***-bearing mice were randomly divided into four groups:a standard diet(SD)group,SD+metformin(Met)group,ketogenic diet(KD)group and KD+Met *** 8 weeks of experimental intervention,the tumor volume and weight and blood glucose level were detected in each *** Metformin did not inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells when the glucose level was above 10 mmol/L,but 10 mmol/L metformin significantly inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in low glucose medium(≤5mmol/L).The ATP level of each cell type in the low glucose medium was significantly decreased(Pgroup(Pgroup,the KD+Met group showed more potent inhibition of xenograft tumor growth(P<0.05).Conclusions Low glucose enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to metformin,and metformin exerts anti-tumor effects at least partly by reducing the body’s ATP production.

关键词： Metformin Ketogenic diet Cancer Glucose Pancreatic cancer

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Identification of quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for primary metabolite content in strawberry fruit

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 1638-1654页

作者： JoséG.Vallarino Delphine M.Pott Eduardo Cruz-Rus Luis Miranda Juan J.Medina-Minguez Victoriano Valpuesta Alisdair R.Fernie JoséF.Sánchez-Sevilla Sonia Osorio Iraida Amaya Department of Molecular Biology and biochemistry Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea“La Mayora”University of Málaga–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(IHSM-UMA-CSIC)Campus de Teatinos29071 MálagaSpain Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Mühlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Genómica y Biotecnología Centro de MálagaInstituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera(IFAPA)29140 MálagaSpain Ingeniería y Tecnología Agroalimentaria Centro Las Torres-TomejilInstituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera(IFAPA)Alcaládel RíoSevillaSpain Ingeniería y Tecnología Agroalimentaria Centro de HuelvaInstituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera(IFAPA)HuelvaSpain

Improvement of nutritional and organoleptic quality of fruits is a key goal in current strawberry breeding *** ratio of sugars to acids is a determinant factor contributing to fruit liking,although different sugars and acids contribute in varying degrees to this complex trait.A segregating F1 population of 95 individuals,previously characterized for several fruit quality characters,was used to map during 2 years quantitative trait loci(QTL)for 50 primary metabolites,L-ascorbic acid(L-AA)and other related traits such as soluble solid content(SSC),titratable acidity(TA),and pH.A total of 133 mQTL were detected above the established thresholds for 44 *** 12.9%of QTL were detected in the 2 years,suggesting a large environmental influence on primary metabolite *** objective of this study was the identification of key metabolites that were associated to the overall variation in SSC and *** it was observed in previous studies,a number of QTL controlling several metabolites and traits were co-located in homoeology group V(HG V).mQTL controlling a large variance in raffinose,sucrose,succinic acid,and L-AA were detected in approximate the same chromosomal regions of different homoeologous linkage groups belonging to HG *** genes for selected mQTL are proposed based on their co-localization,on the predicted function,and their differential gene expression among contrasting F1 progeny ***-seq analysis from progeny lines contrasting in L-AA content detected 826 differentially expressed genes and identified Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase,FaM6PI1,as a candidate gene contributing to natural variation in ascorbic acid in strawberry fruit.

关键词： straw breeding trait

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