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Role of Hox genes in stem cell differentiation

World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第3期7卷 583-595页

作者： Anne Seifert David F Werheid Silvana M Knapp Edda Tobiasch Department of applied sciences Bonn-Rhine-Sieg University of Applied Sciences

Hox genes are an evolutionary highly conserved gene family. They determine the anterior-posterior body axis in bilateral organisms and influence the developmental fate of cells. Embryonic stem cells are usually devoidof any Hox gene expression, but these transcription factors are activated in varying spatial and temporal patterns defining the development of various body regions. In the adult body, Hox genes are among others responsible for driving the differentiation of tissue stem cells towards their respective lineages in order to repair and maintain the correct function of tissues and organs. Due to their involvement in the embryonic and adult body, they have been suggested to be useable for improving stem cell differentiations in vitro and in vivo. In many studies Hox genes have been found as driving factors in stem cell differentiation towards adipogenesis, in lineages involved in bone and joint formation, mainly chondrogenesis and osteogenesis, in cardiovascular lineages including endothelial and smooth muscle cell differentiations, and in neurogenesis. As life expectancy is rising, the demand for tissue reconstruction continues to increase. Stem cells have become an increasingly popular choice for creating therapies in regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal and differentiation potential. Especially mesenchymal stem cells are used more and more frequently due to their easy handling and accessibility, combined with a low tumorgenicity and little ethical concerns. This review therefore intends to summarize to date known correlations between natural Hox gene expression patterns in body tissues and during the differentiation of various stem cells towards their respective lineages with a major focus on mesenchymal stem cell differentiations. This overview shall help to understand the complex interactions of Hox genes and differentiation processes all over the body as well as in vitro for further improvement of stem cell treatments in future regenerative me

关键词： Genes Homeobox Stem cells Asymmetriccell division Mesenchymal stromal cells Growth Development Regeneration Patterning Cell lineage

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Efficient and simple synthesis of B_(2)O_(3)-Al_(2)O_(3)nanocomposites assisted by deep eutectic solvent for production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 236-248页

作者： Yuchen Wang Kai Rong Shanlei Chang Youxing Fang Shaojun Dong State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

The catalytic conversion of glucose to high valueadded platform chemical 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)is a promising biorefinery process,and alumina-boria catalysts are considered to be green and mild solid acid catalysts for this catalytic ***,compared to the common synthesis methods with complicated steps,we reported a simple and efficient strategy to prepare B_(2)O_(3)-Al_(2)O_(3)nanocomposites by calcining cost-effective glucose-urea deep eutectic solvent(DES)solution containing the *** prepared B_(2)O_(3)-Al_(2)O_(3)nanocomposites exhibited an open three-dimensional skeleton and two-dimensional porous lamellar substructure,endowing them with a high specific surface area(228.27 m2/g).The introduction of boron changed the ratios of different aluminum species(AlⅣ,AlⅤ,and AlⅥ)and borate species(BO3 and BO4),thus further affecting the acidity and the types of acid sites of the *** prepared B_(2)O_(3)-Al_(2)O_(3)bifunctional acid catalysts possessing abundant Lewis acid sites and adjustable Brønsted acid sites showed complete glucose conversion and 55.38%of HMF yield under the optimum *** study proposed a concise method to synthesize alumina-boria solid acid catalysts assisted by glucose-urea *** hope to extend the application and prospect of this efficient and simple synthesis strategy.

关键词： 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) deep eutectic solvent glucose alumina-boria acid catalyst

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Targets capture by distributed active swarms via bio-inspired reinforcement learning

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 210-221页

作者： Kun Xu Yue Li Jun Sun Shuyuan Du Xinpeng Di Yuguang Yang Bo Li Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua University Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua University Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aerospace Intelligent Control Technology College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Natural swarms arranged from cells to herds are usually decentralized but display intriguing collective intelligence in coordinating individuals across large scales to efficiently achieve their common goals. Learning from nature may provide new strategies for controlling collective dynamics of synthetic swarms to accomplish specific functions. Here, we present a bioinspired computational framework that steers distributed active swarms to collectively capture and merge targets via reinforcement learning. We exploit collective milling structures of natural herds to cage the targets, and adopt a switching control policy inspired by sperms' chiral dynamics to optimize the trajectories of individuals, through which the active swarms can selforganize to enclose single or multiple distant targets in a dynamical, adaptive and scalable manner. There exists a critical swarm size, beyond which the excessive competition between agents would generate large mechanical forces, leading to capture instability but enabling the transition from short-distance to long-distance merging capture of multiple targets. This work provides physical insights into distributed active swarms and could offer a multilevel, decentralized strategy toward controlling swarm robotics in wide applications such as bio-medical devices, machine immunity, and target clearance.

关键词： swarm intelligence robotics multi-tasks artificial intelligence bionics

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Unleashing the Potential of Electroactive Hybrid Biomaterials and Self‑Powered Systems for Bone Therapeutics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 463-497页

作者： Shichang Liu Farid Manshaii Jinmiao Chen Xinfei Wang Shaolei Wang Junyi Yin Ming Yang Xuxu Chen Xinhua Yin Yunlei Zhou Honghui Hospital Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710018People’s Republic of China Department of Bioengineering Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of California Los AngelesLos Angeles 90095USA Hangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian UniversityHangzhou 311231People’s Republic of China

The incidence of large bone defects caused by traumatic injury is increasing worldwide,and the tissue regeneration process requires a long recovery time due to limited self-healing *** bioelectrical phenomena have been well recognized as critical biophysical factors in bone remodeling and *** by bioelectricity,electrical stimulation has been widely considered an external intervention to induce the osteogenic lineage of cells and enhance the synthesis of the extracellular matrix,thereby accelerating bone *** ongoing advances in biomaterials and energy-harvesting techniques,electroactive biomaterials and self-powered systems have been considered biomimetic approaches to ensure functional recovery by recapitulating the natural electrophysiological microenvironment of healthy bone *** this review,we first introduce the role of bioelectricity and the endogenous electric field in bone tissue and summarize different techniques to electrically stimulate cells and ***,we highlight the latest progress in exploring electroactive hybrid biomaterials as well as self-powered systems such as triboelectric and piezoelectric-based nanogenerators and photovoltaic cell-based devices and their implementation in bone tissue ***,we emphasize the significance of simulating the target tissue’s electrophysiological microenvironment and propose the opportunities and challenges faced by electroactive hybrid biomaterials and self-powered bioelectronics for bone repair strategies.

关键词： Electroactive biomaterials Self-powered bioelectronics Bone regeneration Bone tissue

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Simultaneous optimal estimates of fixed effects and variance components in the mixed model

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Science China Mathematics 2004年第5期47卷 787-799页

作者： WU Mixia WANG Songgui College of applied sciences Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100022 College of Applied Sciences Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100022

For a general linear mixed model with two variance components, a set of simple conditions is obtained, under which, (i) the least squares estimate of the fixed effects and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) estimates of variance components are proved to be uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimates simultaneously; (ii) the exact confidence intervals of the fixed effects and uniformly optimal unbiased tests on variance components are given; (iii) the exact probability expression of ANOVA estimates of variance components taking negative value is obtained.

关键词： linear mixed model, random effect, variance component, minimum variance unbiased estimate,uniformly most powerful unbiased test.

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Bifunctional bridging capping layer enables 24.5% efficiency of perovskite solar cells with polymer-based hole transport materials

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 350-359页

作者： Can Zhu Yiyang Wang Lei Meng Beibei Qiu Jing Li Shucheng Qin Ke Hu Xin Jiang Wenbin Lai Minchao Liu Zhe Liu Chenxing Lu Jinyuan Zhang Yongfang Li Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemical Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices of Zhejiang Province College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal University Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University

Developing a bridge capping layer between perovskite and hole transport layer materials（HTMs） in the n-i-p perovskite solar cells（pero-SCs） is an effective approach to modify the morphology of HTMs and passivate the perovskite ***, we select the quinoxaline-based bifunctional passivation agent, quinoxalin-6-yl-methylamine hydrochloride（Qx MACl）,as the bridging layer, and a D-A copolymer PBQ12 containing the same quinoxaline unit as an HTM for the n-i-p pero-SCs. Due to the π-π stacking among the common quinoxaline units in the bridge layer and HTM, Qx MACl induces the π-π stacking of the PBQ12 film and improves the film morphology of HTMs with better conductivity. Additionally, Qx MACl can effectively passivate the perovskite surface, and PBQ12 possesses appropriate energy levels and high hole mobility. The pero-SCs based on FAPbI3with PBQ12/Qx MACl treatment showed a higher power conversion efficiency（PCE） of 24.05% and outstanding stability, maintaining 95.4% and 92.1% of its initial PCE after 750 h of storage and after over 800 h of thermal annealing at 85 °C, respectively. To further enhance the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices, we developed a non-metal ion dopant for the PBQ12 HTM. Through trace doping of PBQ12 HTM by the non-metal ion dopant, the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices reached 25.24%（the calibrated PCE of 24.55% by the National Institute of Metrology, China）.

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A Note on q-Deformed Two-Dimensional Yang-Mills and Open Topological Strings

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2010年第8期54卷 317-322页

作者：张鹏 College of applied sciences Beijing University of Technology

In this note we make a test of the open topological string version of the OSV conjecture in the toric Calabi-Yau manifold X = O（-3） → P^2 with background D4-branes wrapped on Lagrangian submanifolds. The Dbrahe partition function reduces to an expectation value of some inserted operators of a q-deformed Yang Mills theory living on a chain of P^1 ＇s in the base p2 of X. At large N this partition function can be written as a sum over squares of chiral blocks, which are related to the open topological string amplitudes in the local p2 geometry with branes at both the outer and inner edges of the toric diagram. This is in agreement with the conjecture.

关键词： topological string theory 2d Yang-Mills theory OSV conjecture

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SEIR Model of Rumor Spreading in Online Social Network with Varying Total Population Size

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第10期67卷 545-552页

作者：董苏雅拉图邓燕斌黄永畅 College of applied sciences Beijing University of Technology

Based on the infectious disease model with disease latency, this paper proposes a new model for the rumor spreading process in online social network. In this paper what we establish an SEIR rumor spreading model to describe the online social network with varying total number of users and user deactivation rate. We calculate the exact equilibrium points and reproduction number for this model. Furthermore, we perform the rumor spreading process in the online social network with increasing population size based on the original real world Facebook network. The simulation results indicate that the SEIR model of rumor spreading in online social network with changing total number of users can accurately reveal the inherent characteristics of rumor spreading process in online social network.

关键词： online social network rumor spreading model equilibrium point varying population size

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Supports of Fourier Transforms of Refinable Frame Functions and Their Applications to FMRA

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2012年第4期28卷 757-768页

作者： Yun-zhang LI Chun-hua HAN College of applied sciences Beijing University of Technology

Let M be a d × d expansive matrix, and FL2（Ω） be a reducing subspace of L2（Rd）. This paper characterizes bounded measurable sets in Rd which are the supports of Fourier transforms of M-refinable frame functions. As applications, we derive the characterization of bounded measurable sets as the supports of Fourier transforms of FMRA （W-type FMRA） frame scaling functions and MRA （W-type MRA） scaling functions for FL2（Ω）, respectively. Some examples are also provided.

关键词： refinable function frame function refinable frame function

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Weak(quasi-)affine bi-frames for reducing subspaces of L^2(R^d)

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Science China Mathematics 2015年第5期58卷 1005-1022页

作者： JIA HuiFang LI YunZhang College of applied sciences Beijing University of Technology

Since a frame for a Hilbert space must be a Bessel sequence, many results on(quasi-)affine bi-frame are established under the premise that the corresponding(quasi-)affine systems are Bessel sequences. However,it is very technical to construct a(quasi-)affine Bessel sequence. Motivated by this observation, in this paper we introduce the notion of weak(quasi-)affine bi-frame(W(Q)ABF) in a general reducing subspace for which the Bessel sequence hypothesis is not needed. We obtain a characterization of WABF, and prove the equivalence between WABF and WQABF under a mild condition. This characterization is used to recover some related known results in the literature.

关键词： frame bi-frame weak affine bi-frame weak quasi-affine bi-frame

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