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Investigations of Water Flow Behaviors Induced by Local Temperature Variations through a Single Rough Fracture for the Enhanced geothermal Systems

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1055-1064页

作者： LI Jiawei YE Lin Department of energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Power and energy Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China

In recent years,Enhanced geothermal System(EGS)technologies have been applied to the geothermal resources production in the Hot Dry Rock(HDR).The core of EGS technologies is to adopt hydraulic fracturing in the reservoir to create a connected network of discrete fractures with the consideration of water as a working fluid for hydraulic fracturing and heat *** paper investigates the characteristics of water flow behaviors through a single rough fracture under different temperature and pressure conditions.A single fracture model with rough fracture surfaces is constructed and then characterized,and influences of the anisotropic factor on the average tortuosity and frictional resistance coefficient of water flow through a single fracture with rough surfaces have been compared and *** consideration of other impacting factors(temperature,pressure,fracture roughness),the impact of mass flow rate has also been *** simulation results present that changes of average tortuosity for water flow through a single rough facture are mainly affected by *** can be observed that higher temperature leads to larger average tortuosity but the frictional resistance coefficient shows an opposite *** for pressure conditions,it is found that effects of pressure on average tortuosity and frictional resistance coefficient is very small,which can be neglected under high pressure ***,the average tortuosity shows a progressively linear relationship with the mass flow *** the contrary,the frictional resistance coefficient has a negative relationship with the mass flow *** is revealed that when the mass flow rate reaches a critical point,the influences of temperature on the frictional resistance coefficient will be *** of single rough fractures with different anisotropic factors show that values of average tortuosity and frictional resistance coefficient have positive relationships with the increase

关键词： single rough fracture tortuosity frictional resistance enhanced geothermal system

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Structural Controls Analysis and Its Correlation with geothermal Occurrence at Barrier Volcanic Complex (BVC), Turkana, Kenya

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第3期15卷 231-245页

作者： Philip Lomorukai Emekwi Nicholas O. Mariita Patrick Chege Kariuki geothermal Training and Research Institute (GeTRI) Dedan Kimathi University of Technology Nyeri Kenya

geothermal is a clean energy source that is freely available in the subsurface. The exploitation of this vital resource needs intensive exploration in order to identify and quantify its occurrence. The three parameters considered when assessing the viability of a geothermal system include;heat source, fractures and fluids. Geological structures are important in transportation of fluids to and from the heat source aiding in recharge of the geothermal system and enhancing productivity. Remote sensing method was applied in mapping the structures at Barrier Volcanic Complex (BVC) by using hill shading technique which utilized four illumination angles of the sun (azimuth) i.e. 45°, 90°, 150°, and 315°, constant elevation of 45° and exaggeration of 10. The data used was Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) Satellite Imagery. ArcGIS Software was used for lineaments delineation and density mapping, PCI Geomatica was used to generate major faults, while Georose and Rockworks 17 were used to generate the rose diagrams. Geological structural analysis was done by delineating lineaments, determining the density distribution of lineaments and finally determining the structural trends of lineaments. The generated major faults in the area and the location of the occurrence of surface manifestations were compared with the generated lineaments. A total of 260 lineaments were generated whereby at 45° there was a total of 60 lineaments, at 90° 95 lineaments, at 150° 61 lineaments, and at 315° 44 lineaments. The results of structural analysis in the area as shown by the rose diagrams indicate an NNE-SSW and N-S trending of structures. In conclusion, the study area is highly fractured as indicated by the presence of numerous lineaments. These lineaments provide good recharge to the geothermal system and enhance the geothermal reservoir in the area.

关键词： geothermal Resource Lineaments Lineaments Density Structural Controls

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A methodology to determine the elastic properties of anisotropic rocks from a single uniaxial compression test

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第6期11卷 1166-1183页

作者： Morteza Nejati Marie Luise Texas Dambly Martin OSaar Department of Earth Sciences ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland geothermal energy and geofluids Department of Earth SciencesETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland

This paper introduces a new methodology to measure the elastic constants of transversely isotropic rocks from a single uniaxial compression *** first give the mathematical proof that a uniaxial compression test provides only four independent strain *** a result,the exact determination of all five independent elastic constants from only one test is not *** approximate determination of the Young’s moduli and the Poisson’s ratios is however practical and efficient when adding the Saint-Venant relation as the fifth *** formulae are then developed to calculate both secant and tangent definitions of the five elastic constants from a minimum of four strain *** results of this new methodology applied on three granitic samples demonstrate a significant stress-induced nonlinear behavior,where the tangent moduli increase by a factor of three to four when the rock is loaded up to 20 *** static elastic constants obtained from the uniaxial compression test are also found to be significantly smaller than the dynamic ones obtained from the ultrasonic measurements.

关键词： Transversely isotropic rock Elastic constants Young’s modulus Poisson’s ratio Seismic anisotropy Uniaxial compression Granite

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Research progress on temperature field evolution of hot reservoirs under low-temperature tailwater reinjection

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 205-222页

作者： Xin Wang Guo-qiang Zhou Yan-guang Liu Ying-nan Zhang Mei-hua Wei Kai Bian School of Earth science and Engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038HebeiChina Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuang 050061China Technology Innovation Center of geothermal&Hot Dry Rock Exploration and Development Ministry of Natural ResourcesShijiazhuang 050061China Shanxi Key Laboratory for Exploration and Exploitation of geothermal Resources Taiyuan 030024China Shanxi Geological Engineering Exploration Institute Taiyuan 030024China

This paper focuses on the study of the evolutionary mechanism governing the temperature field of geothermal reservoir under low-temperature tailwater reinjection conditions,which is crucial for the sustainable geothermal energy *** advancing exploitation of geothermal resources deepens,precise understanding of this mechanism becomes paramount for devising effective reinjection strategies,optimizing reservoir utilization,and bolstering the economic viability of geothermal energy *** article presents a comprehensive review of temperature field evolution across diverse heterogeneous thermal reservoirs under low-temperature tailwater reinjection conditions,and analyzes key factors influ-encing this *** evaluates existing research methods,highlighting their strengths and *** study identifies gaps in the application of rock seepage and heat transfer theories on a large scale,alongside the need for enhanced accuracy in field test results,particularly regarding computational effi-ciency of fractured thermal reservoir models under multi-well reinjection *** address these shortcomings,the study proposes conducting large-scale rock seepage and heat transfer experiments,coupled with multi-tracer techniques for field testing,aimed at optimizing fractured thermal reservoir models'computational efficiency under multi-well reinjection ***,it suggests integrat-ing deep learning methods into research *** initiatives are of significance in deepening the understanding of the evolution process of the temperature field in deep thermal reservoirs and enhancing the sustainability of deep geothermal resource development.

关键词： geothermal reinjection Seepage heat transfer Tracer test Numerical simulation Thermal breakthrough

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Development status and prospect of underground thermal energy storage technology

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 92-108页

作者： Ying-nan Zhang Yan-guang Liu Kai Bian Guo-qiang Zhou Xin Wang Mei-hua Wei School of Earth science and Engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038Hebei ProvinceChina Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuang 050061China Technology Innovation Center of geothermal&Hot Dry Rock Exploration and Development Ministry of Natural ResourcesShijiazhuang 050061China Shanxi Key Laboratory for Exploration and Exploitation of geothermal Resources Taiyuan 030024China Shanxi Geological Engineering Exploration Institute Taiyuan 030024China

Underground Thermal energy Storage(UTES)store unstable and non-continuous energy underground,releasing stable heat energy on *** effectively improve energy utilization and optimize energy *** UTES technology advances,accommodating greater depth,higher temperature and multi-energy complementarity,new research challenges *** paper comprehensively provides a systematic summary of the current research status of *** categorized different types of UTES systems,analyzes the applicability of key technologies of UTES,and evaluate their economic and environmental ***,this paper identifies existing issues with UTES,such as injection blockage,wellbore scaling and corrosion,seepage and heat transfer in cracks,*** suggests deepening the research on blockage formation mechanism and plugging prevention technology,improving the study of anticorrosive materials and water treatment technology,and enhancing the investigation of reservoir fracture network characterization technology and seepage heat *** recommendations serve as valuable references for promoting the high-quality development of UTES.

关键词： Aquifer thermal energy storage Borehole thermal energy storage Cavern thermal energy storage Thermal energy storage technology Benefit evaluation

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A numerical investigation into key factors controlling hard rock excavation via electropulse stimulation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第4期12卷 793-801页

作者： Daniel Vogler Stuart DCWalsh Martin OSaar geothermal energy and geofluids Institute of GeophysicsETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland Department of Civil Engineering Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolisUSA

Electropulse stimulation provides an energy-efficient means of excavating hard rocks through repeated application of high voltage pulses to the rock *** such,it has the potential to confer significant advantages to mining and drilling operations for mineral and energy ***,before these benefits can be realized,a better understanding of these processes is required to improve their deployment in the *** this paper,we employ a recently developed model of the grain-scale processes involved in electropulse stimulation to examine excavation of hard rock under realistic operating *** that end,we investigate the maximum applied voltage within ranges of 120e600 kV,to observe the onset of rock *** further study the effect of grain size on rock breakage,by comparing fine(granodiorite)and coarse grained(granite)***,the pore fluid salinity is investigated,since the electric conductivity of the pore fluid is shown to be a governing factor for the electrical conductivity of the modeled *** study demonstrates that all investigated factors are crucial to the efficiency of rock fragmentation by electropulsing.

关键词： Electropulse stimulation High voltage breakdown Numerical modeling Drilling Thermo-mechanics

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巧妙的稀掺杂策略实现高性能GeTe热电材料

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Science Bulletin 2024年第8期69卷 1037-1049页

作者：钟锦璇杨晓玉吕途梁格格张胜楠张朝华敖伟琴刘福生南鹏飞葛炳辉胡利鹏 College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional MaterialsGuangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional MaterialsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and UtilizationInstitute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green EnergyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationInstitutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Superconducting Materials Research Center Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal ResearchXi’an 710016China

In thermoelectrics,doping is essential to augment the figure of *** strategy,predomina ntly heavy doping,aims to optimize carrier concentration and restrain lattice thermal ***,this tactic can severely hamper carrier transport due to pronounced point defect scattering,particularly in materials with inherently low carrier ***,dilute doping,although minimally affecting carrier mobility,frequently fails to optimize other vital thermoelectric ***,we present a more nuanced dilute doping strategy in GeTe,leveraging the multifaceted roles of small-size metal atoms.A mere 4%CuPbSbTe_(3)introduction into GeTe swiftly suppresses rhombohedral distortion and optimizes carrier concentration through the aid of Cu ***,the formation of multiscale microstructures,including zero-dimensional Cu interstitials,one-dimensional dislocations,two-dimensional planar defects,and three-dimensional nanoscale amorphous GeO_(2)and Cu_(2)GeTe_(3)precipitates,along with the ensuing lattice softening,contributes to an ultralow lattice thermal ***,dilute CuPbSbTe_(3)doping incurs only a marginal decrease in carrier *** trace Cd doping,employed to alleviate the bipolar effect and align the valence bands,yields an impressive figure-of-merit of 2.03 at 623 K in(Ge_(0.97)Cd_(0.03)Te)_(0.96)(CuPbSbTe_(3))_(0.04).This leads to a high energyconversion efficiency of 7.9%and a significant power density of 3.44 W cm^(-2)at a temperature difference of 500 *** results underscore the invaluable insights gained into the constructive role of nuanced dilute doping in the concurrent tuning of carrier and phonon transport in GeTe and other thermoelectric materials.

关键词： Thermoelectric GeTe Dilute doping Interstitial atoms Lattice softening

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Applications of nanoparticles in enhanced oil recovery

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Petroleum Research 2022年第1期7卷 77-90页

作者： Anirbid Sircar Kamakshi Rayavarapu Namrata Bist Kriti Yadav Surbhi Singh Centre of Excellence for geothermal energy GandhinagarRaisan382007GujaratIndia

Nanoparticles serve variouspurposes in the hydrocarbon industry which are utilized to improve the volumeof oil and gas *** are used in petroleum applications as nanoparticles,nanosensors,nanocomposites,coated nanoparticles,nanofluids ***,the application of nanotechnology in the enhanced oil recovery(EOR)method helps to extract the trapped oil present beneath the *** nano ultra-fine particles are cost-effective and *** injected fluid interacts with the rock/oil systemto create a favourable environment for oil *** study focuses on a review of the different types of nanoparticles and nanomaterials used in petroleum *** paper aims to study the classification and characterization of *** also includes the physiochemical and mechanical properties of *** study discusses the applications of nanoparticles in chemical,miscible,thermal and microbial *** mainly focuses on various mechanisms involved by adding nanoparticles such as wettability alteration,IFT reduction,rheology improvement,mobility control *** research also addresses new green nanomaterials and nanocomposites,which includes injecting specialized green chemicals(surfactants,alcohols,and polymers)that successfully displace *** IFT between the displacing fluid and the oil is reduced due to phase-behaviour properties.

关键词： Nano technology Nanofluids Enhanced oil recovery Interfacial tension Green nanomaterials

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Digital twin in hydrocarbon industry

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Petroleum Research 2023年第2期8卷 270-278页

作者： Anirbid Sircar Abhishek Nair Namrata Bist Kriti Yadav Centre of Excellence for geothermal energy Raisan382007GandhinagarGujaratIndia

The hydrocarbon industry is considering a range of digital technologies to improve productivity,efficiency,and safety of their operations while minimizing capital and operating costs,health and environmental risks,and variability in oil and gas project life *** to the emergence of industry 4.0 the improvement in performance,efficiency,and cost reduction,the hydrocarbon industry is gradually shifting towards solutions that are *** such complex systems involves the analysis of data from various sources at the same *** Twin(DT)modelling is the foundation for the next generation of real-time production monitoring and optimization *** is a solution that boosts productivity by combining information,simulation,and visualization throughout the entire value chain of an operational firm,from subsurface equipment to central production *** and gas companies can majorly benefit from Hydrocarbon Exploration with the right use of such advanced *** study focuses on the advancements in technology in the context of DT and how it has been used by the hydrocarbon *** study discusses about the emergence of the DT concept,various types,5D representation,and tools for ***,the study tries to implement fields of DT in hydrocarbon industry especially in the domains of exploration,drilling,and *** associated with DT strategy like accessibility,confidentiality integration,and maintenance are also discussed.

关键词： Digital twin technology Hydrocarbon exploration Industry 4.0 Oil and gas Digitalization Automation

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Analysis of wellbore stability by pore pressure prediction using seismic velocity

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energy Geoscience 2021年第4期2卷 219-228页

作者： Milendra Prankada Kriti Yadav Anirbid Sircar Centre of Excellence for geothermal energy Pandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityRaisan382007India

Borehole problems result in the wastage of huge expenditures in petroleum *** of the major challenges is to keep the borehole intact at a particular location and prevent it from falling in reactive shale in high-or low-pressure *** convert seismic velocity to pore pressure,the modified Eaton's equation is widely used.A guideline was prepared using both stochastic and non-uniform parameter *** pressure and fracture pressure were calculated using a modified version of Eaton's and Mathew and Kelly's *** validate the results,geomechanical models were developed based on good *** regions in the eastern state of India at Tripura were taken into consideration and pore pressure was estimated for the regions of Kathalchari and Ambassa by plotting *** actual pore pressure predicted in Tripura was calculated using seis P and seis P3,the indigenous software which is a modified version of Eaton's method and Mathew and Kelly's method,and the pore pressure from our method matches the calculated Repeat Formation Test(RFT)data from wells.

关键词： Pore pressure Seismic Borehole Eaton's method Mathew and Kelly's method

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