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Depth to the bottom of magnetic layer in South America and its relationship to Curie isotherm,Moho depth and seismicity behavior

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2018年第1期9卷 93-107页

作者： Javier Idárraga-García Carlos A.Vargas research Group on geophysics Universidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotáColombia Deportment of Geosciences.Universidad Nacional de Colombia.Bogota.Colombia

We have estimated the DBML（depth to the bottom of the magnetic layer） in South America from the inversion of magnetic anomaly data extracted from the EMAG2 grid. The results show that the DBML values, interpreted as the Curie isotherm, vary between -10 and -60 km. The deepest values（〉-45） are mainly observed forming two anomalous zones in the central part of the Andes Cordillera. To the east of the Andes, in most of the stable cratonic area of South America, intermediate values（between -25 and-45 km） are predominant. The shallowest values（〈-25 km） are present in northwestern corner of South America, southern Patagonia, and in a few sectors to the east of the Andes Cordillera. Based on these results, we estimated the heat flow variations along the study area and found a very good correlation with the DBML. Also striking is the observation that the thermal anomalies of low heat flow are closely related to segments of flat subduction, where the presence of a cold and thick subducting oceanic slab beneath the continent, with a virtual absence of hot mantle wedge, leads to a decrease in the heat transfer from the deeper parts of the *** comparing our results with the Moho depths reported by other authors, we have found that the Curie isotherm is deeper than Moho in most of the South American Platform（northward to -20°S）, which is located in the stable cratonic area at the east of the Andes. This is evidence that the lithospheric mantle here is magnetic and contributes to the long wavelength magnetic signal. Also, our results support the hypothesis that the Curie isotherm may be acting as a boundary above which most of the crustal seismicity is concentrated. Below this boundary the occurrence of seismic events decreases dramatically.

关键词： Magnetic layer depth Curie isotherm Heat flow Crustal seismicity Flat subduction South America

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Logarithmic sensitivity ratio elucidates thermal transport physics in multivariate thermoreflectance experiments

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Fundamental research 2025年第1期5卷 288-295页

作者： Tu, Jing Haque, Md Azimul Baran, Derya Ong, Wee-Liat ZJU-UIUC Institute College of Energy Engineering Zhejiang University Jiaxing Haining 314400 China KAUST Solar Center Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia State Key laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

We mathematically derived a sensitivity-based method that identifies the thermal transport physics and parameters suitable for multivariate nonlinear fits in a frequency-domain thermoreflectance (FDTR) experiment. Modern electronic devices often consist of heterogeneous nanolayers with multiple unknown thermal transport properties. However, simultaneous fitting in a single experiment for these unknown parameters will produce unreliable results if they are correlated. Current methods to identify such correlations are unreliable. This unreliability has impeded the accuracy and speed of characterizing the unknown thermal properties of such multilayer stacks. Our proposed logarithmic sensitivity ratio (LSR) analysis can evaluate the feasibility of fitting a pair of unknown parameters and clarify the governing thermal transport physics. The effectiveness and convenience of this analysis were studied using Monte Carlo simulations and actual FDTR experiments for fitting up to three unknown parameters. The principle behind this method can be extended to other techniques where multivariate fits are needed. © 2023

关键词： Correlation Frequency-domain thermoreflectance Monte Carlo Multivariables Sensitivity Thermal conductivity Thermal properties Thermoreflectance

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Enhancement-Mode InAlAs/InGaAs/InP High Electron Mobility Transistor with Strained InAlAs Barrier Layer

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Chinese Physics Letters 2000年第8期17卷 619-620页

作者： AO Jin-Ping ZENG Qing-Ming ZHAO Yong-Lin LI Xian-jie LIU Wei-Ji LIU Shi-Yong LIANG Chun-guang Hebei Semiconductor research Institute Shijiazhuang 050051 National Integrated Optoelectronics laboratory Jilin UniversityChangchun 130023

The relatively low Schottky barrier height on In_(0.52)Al_(0.48)As lattice-matched to InP has hampered the achievement of enhancement-mode InA1As/InGaAs/InP high electron mobility transistors(E-HEMTs).By introducing lattice mismatched strained aluminum-rich In_(0.45) Al_(0.55)As as the Schottky contact material to enhance the barrier height,we have developed InP-based InAlAs/InGaAs/InP E-HEMT with threshold voltage of about 150 m V.A maximum extrinsic transconductance of 660mS/mm and output conductance of 15mS/mm are measured for 1μm-gate length devices at room *** devices also show excellent radio-frequency performance with cutoff frequency of 50 GHz and maximum oscillation frequency of 54 GHz.

关键词： temperature. Schottky HEMTs

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Depth of tumor invasion and tumor-occupied portions of stomach are predictive factors of intra-abdominal metastasis

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Chinese Journal of Cancer research 2017年第2期29卷 109-117页

作者： Ziyu Li Zhemin Li Shuqin Jia Zhaode Bu Lianhai Zhang Xiaojiang Wu Shuangxi Li Fei Shan Xin Ji Jiafu Ji Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational research (Ministry of Education/Beijing) Center of Gastrointestinal Surgery Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational research (Ministry of Education/Beijing) Center for Molecular Diagnostics Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Beijing 100142 China

Objective： Diagnostic laparoscopy is recommended for the pretherapeutic staging of gastric cancer to detect any unexpected or unconfirmed intra-abdominal metastasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role and indications of diagnostic laparoscopy in the detection of intra-abdominal metastasis. Methods： Standard diagnostic laparoscopy with peritoneal cytology examination was performed prospectively on patients who were clinically diagnosed with primary local advanced gastric cancer （CT≥2M0）. We calculated the rate of intra-abdominal metastases identified by diagnostic laparoscopy, and examined the relationship between peritoneal dissemination （P） and cytology results （CY）. Split-sample method was applied to find clinical risk factors for intra-abdominal metastasis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver-operator characteristic （ROC） analysis were performed in training set to find out risk factors ofintra-abdominal metastasis, and then validate it in testing set. Results： Out of 249 cM0 patients, 51 （20.5%） patients with intra-abdominal metastasis were identified by diagnostic laparoscopy, including 20 （8.0%） P1CY1, 17 （6.8%） POCY1 and 14 （5.6%） P1CY0 patients. In the training set, multivariate logistic regression analysis and ROC analysis showed that the depth of tumor invasion on computer tomography （CT） scan ≥21 mm and tumor-occupied 〉2 portions of stomach are predictive factors of metastasis. In the testing set, when diagnostic laparoscopy was performed on patients who had one or two of these risk factors, the sensitivity and positive predictive value for detecting intra-abdominal metastasis were 90.0% and 32.1%, respectively. Conclusions： According to our results, depth of tumor invasion and tumor-occupied portions of stomach are predictive factors ofintra-abdominal metastasis.

关键词： Gastric cancer diagnostic laparoscopy peritoneal dissemination intra-peritoneal free cancer cells pretherapeutic staging

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Removal of the airwave effect by main-part decomposition of the anomalous field of MCSEM data

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Applied geophysics 2018年第1期15卷 3-10,147页

作者： Wang Shu-Ming Di Qing-Yun Wang Ruo Wang Xue-Mei Su Xiao-Lu and Wang Peng-Fei Hubei Subsurface Multi-scale Imaging Key laboratory Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Institute of Geology and geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The airwave effect greatly influences the observational data from controlledsource electromagnetic exploration in shallow seas, which obscures the abnormal effects generated by exploration targets and, hence, affects the accuracy of the late exploration data interpretation. In this study, we propose a method to separate the main part from the anomalous field of marine controlled-source electromagnetic method （MCSEM） data based on Stratton-Chu integral transforms to eliminate the airwave effect, which dominates observed electromagnetic （EM） response in shallow seawater. This method of separating the main part from the anomalous field is a type of finite impulse response filter based on a discrete data set. Theoretical analysis proved that the method is stable and able to effectively depress noise. A numerical test indicated that the method could successfully eliminate the airwave effect from the observed EM signals generated by an air water interface and a seawater layer. This technique is applicable for seawater models with either flat or rough seabeds.

关键词： MCSEM airwave integral transform anomalous field separation of the main part

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Systematic review of amyloid-beta clearance proteins from the brain to the periphery:implications for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and therapeutic targets

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第12期20卷 3574-3590页

作者： Letian Huang Mingyue Liu Ze Li Bing Li Jiahe Wang Ke Zhang Department of Oncology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Developmental Cell Biology Key Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Family Medicine Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina

Amyloid-beta clearance plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.H oweve r,the variation in functional proteins involved in amyloid-beta clearance and their correlation with amyloid-beta levels remain unclea *** this study,we conducted meta-analyses and a systematic review using studies from the PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library databases,including journal articles published from inception to J une 30,*** inclusion criteria included studies comparing the levels of functional proteins associated with amyloid-beta clearance in the blood,cere b rospinal fluid,and brain of healthy controls,patients with mild cognitive impairment,and patients with Alzheimer's ***,we analyzed the correlation between these functional proteins and amyloid-beta levels in patients with Alzheimer's *** methodological quality of the studies was assessed via the Newcastle-Ottawa *** to heterogeneity,we utilized either a fixed-effect or random-effect model to assess the 95%confidence interval(CI)of the standard mean difference(SMD)among healthy controls,patients with mild cognitive impairment,and patients with Alzheimer's *** findings revealed significant alterations in the levels of insulin-degrading enzymes,neprilysin,matrix metalloproteinase-9,cathepsin D,receptor for advanced glycation end products,and P-glycoprotein in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease,patients with mild cognitive impairment,and healthy *** cerebrospinal fluid,the levels of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 are altered,whereas the levels of TREM2,CD40,CD40L,CD14,CD22,cathepsin D,cystatin C,andα2 M in peripheral blood ***,TREM2 and cathepsin D showed changes in both brain(SMD=0.31,95%CI:0.16-0.47,P<0.001,I^(2)=78.4%;SMD=1.24,95%CI:0.01-2.48,P=0.048,I^(2)=90.1%)and peripheral blood(SMD=1.01,95%CI:0.35-1.66,P=0.003,I^(2)=96.5%;SMD=7.55,95%CI:3.92-11.18,P<0.001,I^(

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-β blood‒brain barrier cerebrospinal fluid diagnostic biomarker meta-analysis mild cognitive impairment peripheral blood systematic review therapeutic targets

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Reconsideration of the sediment characteristics of the second member of the Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Sanhuiba,Huaying Mountain

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Mining Science and Technology 2010年第4期20卷 591-599页

作者： LIAO Taiping HU Jingjing ZHANG Furong LIU Lijing Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 China research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China Institute of Geology and geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The second member of the Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the Sanhuiba area in Huaying Mountain is an important section of sedimentary delta facies in the Chongqing Tianfu Geological Survey and Training Base. In spite of some initial efforts on its lithology and lithofacies, the existing research is yet to be completed and suffers from contradictory conclusions and inadequate evidence. Starting from the sedimentary microfaeies types and cyclic features, we analyzed the vertical sequence of a sedimentary delta model and discovered that this section is a constructional delta deposit. Eight incomplete and asymmetric regressive cycles are marked off, given that frequent erosion surfaces appeared in the section. Based on the analysis of structural characteristics of every monocycle, we summarized the system of cycles, tracts and sequence characteristics of the overall section. In view of this systematic series of cycles, we discussed the features of the syndepositional tectonic movements in the area and conclude that, due to frequent erosion, migration and diversion of a sub-channel branch was brought about by oscillating movements of the crust. In a comparison with neighboring sections, we explored the cause of erosion and the relations between erosion and cycles. This study greatly strengthens existing research and theories, makes an important and comprehensive contribution to geological surveys and training in the area and provides essential suggestions for coal exploration, oil and gas evaluation and in general to exploration and development in the target stratum.

关键词： Huaying Mountain Sanhuiba Xujiahe Formation member 2 sandbodies sedimentary characteristics reconsideration

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Modeling the global ionospheric total electron content with empirical orthogonal function analysis

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第5期55卷 1161-1168页

作者： WAN WeiXing DING Feng REN ZhiPeng ZHANG ManLian LIU LiBo NING BaiQi Beijing National Observatory of Space Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

In the present work we model the global ionospheric total electron content (TEC) with the analysis of empirical orthogonal functions (EOF). The obtained statistical eigen modes, which makeup the modeled TEC, consist of two factors: the eigen vectors mapping TEC patterns at latitude and longitude (or local time LT), and the corresponding coefficients displaying the TEC variations in different time scales, i.e., the solar cycle, the yearly (annual and semiannual) and the diurnal universal time variations. It is found that the EOF analysis can separate the TEC variations into chief processes and the first two modes illustrate the most of the ionospheric climate properties. The first mode contains both the semiannual component which shows the semiannual ionospheric anomaly and the annual component which shows the annual or non-seasonal ionospheric anomaly. The second mode contains mainly the annual component and shows the normal seasonal ionospheric variation at most latitudes and local time sectors. The annual component in the second mode also manifests seasonal anomaly of the ionosphere at higher mid-latitudes around noontime. It is concluded that the EOF analysis, as a statistical eigen mode method, is resultful in analyzing the ionospheric climatology hence can be used to construct the empirical model for the ionospheric climatology.

关键词： ionospheric modeling total electron content empirical orthogonal functions

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Immunosuppressive checkpoint Siglec-15:a vital new piece of the cancer immunotherapy jigsaw puzzle

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第2期16卷 205-210页

作者： Xiubao Ren Department of Biotherapy Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital National Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Key laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer

On March 5th, a novel immunosuppressive molecule,Siglec-15, was reported in Nature Medicine by Professor Lieping Chen1. Siglec-15 was reported in a wide variety of tumors. The molecule is not a simple replica of PD-1/***, the expressions of Siglec-15 and PD-L1 are mutually exclusive1, suggesting that Siglec-15 antibodies may be effective on tumors that are not responsive to anti-PD-1/PDL1 therapy. Siglec-15 potentially serves as a complementary therapeutic target and offers alternative treatments for many anti-PD-l/PD-Ll therapy unresponsive patients. This discovery generated a huge response.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy

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Mechanisms of nucleus accumbens deep brain stimulation in treating mental disorders

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Fundamental research 2025年第1期5卷 48-54页

作者： Ruan, Hanyang Tong, Geya Jin, Minghui Koch, Kathrin Wang, Zhen Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC) Technical University of Munich Department of Neuroradiology School of Medicine Klinikum Rechts Der Isar Technical University of Munich School of Psychology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Key laboratory of Psychotic Disorders

Growing evidence supports the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in treating various psychiatric disorders. DBS has the potential to selectively stimulate specific subcortical brain areas thus providing high-frequency electric stimulation of these regions. The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a frequent DBS target, has shown promise in treating psychiatric conditions like depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addiction. In this review, we provide an overview across studies investigating the effects of NAc DBS in humans and animals and discuss potential mechanisms underlying its clinical efficacy. We address the anatomical properties of NAc and discuss, in particular, the frequently reported differential effects of NAc shell and NAc core DBS. Moreover, by outlining the various NAc cell types, transmitter systems (i.e., predominantly GABAergic and dopaminergic systems) and anatomical pathways that have been shown to be relevant for NAc DBS stimulation effects, we aim to further elucidate the neurobiological determinants of NAc DBS efficacy. Finally, since treatment effects of NAc DBS are most probably also related to alterations in NAc connected circuits or networks, we review studies focusing on the investigation of NAc DBS network effects. By examining these various components that are assumed to be of relevance in the context of NAc DBS, this review will hopefully contribute to increasing our knowledge about the mechanisms underlying NAc DBS and optimizing future selection of optimal DBS targets. © 2024

关键词： Deep brain stimulation Mental disorder Neuromodulation Neurophysiology Nucleus accumbens

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