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Alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist treatment in a rat model of Huntington's disease and involvement of heme oxygenase-1

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第4期13卷 737-741页

作者： Laura Foucault-Fruchard Claire Tronel Sylvie Bodard Zuhal Gulhan Julie Busson Sylvie Chalon Daniel Antier umr 1253 iBrainUniversité de Tours CHRU de tours H?pital Bretonneau

Neuroinflammation is a common element involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative *** recently reported that repeated alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor（α7 n ACh R） activations by a potent agonist such as PHA 543613 in quinolinic acid-injured rats exhibited protective effects on *** further investigate the underlying mechanism,we established rat models of early-stage Huntington＇s disease by injection of quinolinic acid into the right striatum and then intraperitoneally injected 12 mg/kg PHA 543613 or sterile water,twice a day during 4 *** blot assay results showed that the expression of heme oxygenase-1（HO-1）,the key component of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway,in the right striatum of rat models of Huntington＇s disease subjected to intraperitoneal injection of PHA 543613 for 4 days was significantly increased compared to the control rats receiving intraperitoneal injection of sterile water,and that the increase in HO-1 expression was independent of change in α7 n ACh R *** findings suggest that HO-1 expression is unrelated to α7 n ACh R density and the increase in HO-1 expression likely contributes to α7 n ACh R activation-related neuroprotective effect in early-stage Huntington＇s disease.

关键词： alpha 7 nicotinic receptor PHA 543613 quinolinic acid cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway neuroinflammation neurodegenerative disease

development and Static Mode Characterization of a New Low-Loss AC Switch Based on Super-gain BJT

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第2期8卷 357-364页

作者： Zheng Ren Sebastien Jacques Yubing Song Adelphe Caldeira Guillaume Goubard Ambroise Schellmanns NathalieBatut greman CNRS-UMR 7347 University of Tours Tours 37200 France

This paper deals with an innovative low-loss AC switch, named as TBBS （transistor based bidirectional switch）, based on the association of super-gain BJTs developed by the greman laboratory. The main characterization results of the super-gain BJT are reminded to identify the key parameters that are essential to build the TBBS. A complete characterization database in static mode of this new AC switch is discussed. In particular, its forward and reverse-biased features have been measured to see the evolution of the DC current gain as a function of the current density. The TBBS makes sense when using the super-gain BJT （bipolar junction transistor） in reverse mode. It means that the reverse DC current gain has to be sufficient （at least higher than l compared with the conventional BJT one）. This new AC switch is bidirectional in current and voltage, totally controllable （turn-on and turn-off） and the most attractive solution in terms of on-state power losses. Further, its manufacturing process is as easier as existing device such as triac.

关键词： AC switch BJT super-gain static characterization low power consumption.

A multiplatform metabolomic approach to characterize fecal signatures of negative postnatal events in chicks: a pilot study

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 424-434页

作者： Stéphane Beauclercq Antoine Lefèvre Frédéric Montigny Anne Collin Sophie Tesseraud Christine Leterrier Patrick Emond Laurence A.Guilloteau BOA INRAUniversitéde Tours37380 NouzillyFrance universitéde tours PST Analyse des systèmes biologiquesToursFrance PRC INRACNRSUniversitéde ToursIFCE37380 NouzillyFrance umr 1253 iBrainUniversitéde ToursInsermToursFrance CHRU de tours Service de Médecine Nucléaire In VitroToursFrance.

Background: Negative experiences in early life can induce long-lasting effects on the welfare, health, and performance of farm animals. A delayed placement of chicks in rearing houses has negative effects on their performance, and results in fecal-specific odors detectable by rats. Based on this observation, the volatile organic compounds(VOCs) and metabolites from the feces of 12-day-old chickens were screened for early markers of response to negative events using gas-chromatography and liquid-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry(GC-MS, LC-HRMS).Results: The low reproducibility of solid-phase micro-extraction of the VOCs followed by GC-MS was not suitable for marker discovery, in contrast to liquid extraction of metabolites from freeze-dried feces followed by GC-MS or LC-HRMS analysis. Therefore, the fecal metabolome from 12-day-old chicks having experienced a normal or delayed placement were recorded by GC-MS and LC-HRMS in two genotypes from two experiments. From both experiments, 25 and 35 metabolites, respectively explaining 81% and 45% of the difference between delayed and control chickens, were identified by orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis from LC-HRMS and GC-MS ***: The sets of molecules identified will be useful to better understand the chicks’ response to negative events over time and will contribute to define stress or welfare biomarkers.

关键词： Biomarker Chick Feces GC-MS LC-HRMS Negative postnatal event

Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of a therapy combining agonists of nicotinic α7 and σ1 receptors in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1099-1104页

作者： Steven Vetel Laura Foucault-Fruchard Claire Tronel Frédéric Buron Jackie Vergote Sylvie Bodard Sylvain Routier Sophie Sérrière Sylvie Chalon umr 1253 iBrainUniversitéde ToursInsermToursFrance CHU tours Service pharmacieToursFrance Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique ICOAUMR CNRS 7311Universitéd’OrléansOrléansFrance

To date there is no treatment able to stop or slow down the loss of dopaminergic neurons that characterizes Parkinson’s *** was recently observed in a rodent model of Alzheimer’s disease that the interaction between the α7 subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7-nAChR)and sigma-1 receptor(σ1-R)could exert neuroprotective effects through the modulation of neuroinflammation which is one of the key components of the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s *** this context,the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of the concomitant administration of N-(3R)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl-furo[2,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxamide(PHA)543613 as an α7-nAChR agonist and 2-(4-morpholinethyl)1-phenylcyclohexanecarboxylate(PRE)-084 as aσ1-R agonist in a well-characterized 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson’s *** animals received either vehicle separately or the dual therapy PHA/PRE once a day until day 14 *** no effect was noticed in the amphetamine-induced rotation test,our data has shown that the PHA/PRE treatment induced partial protection of the dopaminergic neurons(15-20%),assessed by the dopamine transporter density in the striatum and immunoreactive tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia ***,this dual therapy reduced the degree of glial activation consecutive to the 6-hydroxydopamine lesion,i.e,the 18 kDa translocation protein density and glial fibrillary acidic protein staining in the striatum,and the CD11b and glial fibrillary acidic protein staining in the substantia ***,this study reports for the first time that concomitant activation of α7-nAChR andσ1-R can provide a partial recovery of the nigro-striatal dopaminergic neurons through the modulation of microglial *** study was approved by the Regional Ethics Committee(CEEA Val de Loire n°19)validated this protocol(Authorization N°00434.02)on May 15,2014.

关键词： 6-hydroxydopamine astrocytes microglial activation neurodegeneration neuroinflammation nicotinicα7 receptor Parkinson’s disease PHA 543613 PRE-084 sigma-1 receptor

Punch‑excised explants of bovine mammary gland to model early immune response to infection

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2649-2662页

作者： Pablo Gomes Noleto Florence B.Gilbert Christelle Rossignol Patricia Cunha Pierre Germon Pascal Rainard Rodrigo Prado Martins ISP INRAEUniversitéde ToursUMR1282NouzillyFrance

Background Mammary gland(MG)infections(mastitis)are frequent diseases of dairy cows that affect milk quality,animal welfare and farming *** infections are commonly associated with the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus *** in vitro models have been used to investigate the early response of the MG to bacteria,but the role of the teat in mastitis pathogenesis has received less *** this study,we used punch-excised teat tissue as an ex vivo model to study the immune mechanisms that arise early during infection when bacteria have entered the *** Cytotoxicity and microscopic analyses showed that bovine teat sinus explants have their morphology and viability preserved after 24 h of culture and respond to ex vivo stimulation with TLR-agonists and *** and *** trigger stronger inflammatory response in teat when compared to LTA and ***,leading to a higher produc-tion of IL-6 and IL-8,as well as to an up-regulation of proinflammatory *** also demonstrated that our ex vivo model can be applied to frozen-stored *** In compliance with the 3Rs principle(replacement,reduction and refinement)in animal experimenta-tion,ex vivo explant analyses proved to be a simple and affordable approach to study MG immune response to *** model,which better reproduces organ complexity than epithelial cell cultures or tissue slices,lends itself particularly well to studying the early phases of the MG immune response to infection.

关键词： Bovine teat Escherichia coli Explant Mastitis Staphylococcus aureus 3Rs

Influence of Bi on the thermoelectric properties of SrTiO_(3-d)

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Journal of Materiomics 2019年第1期5卷 88-93页

作者： Cong Chen Mohamed Bousnina Fabien Giovannelli Fabian delorme universite de tours CNRSINSA CVLGREMAN UMR 7347IUT de Blois15 rue de la chocolaterieCS 290341029Blois CedexFrance Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und eprüfung(BAM) Unter den Eichen 8712205BerlinGermany

The thermoelectric properties of Sr1-xBixTiO_(3-δ)(0≤x≤0.07)have been *** ceramics of Sr1-xBixTiO_(3-δ) and Sr0.95TiO_(3-δ) have been prepared by solid-state reaction and conventional sintering in air followed by annealing in a reducing *** and SEM analyses show that the rutile TiO_(2 i)n Sr_(0.95)TiO_(3) formed after sintering becomes Magneli phase of TinO_(2n-1) after ***,Bi resolves from Sr1-xBixTiO_(3 )after annealing,resulting in the formation of Sr1-xBixTiO_(3-δ)/Bi/TinO_(2n-1) *** increasing Bi content in Sr1-xBixTiO_(3-δ),the electrical conductivity increases while the absolute values of the Seebeck coefficient decrease as a result of increasing carrier *** thermal conductivity of SrTiO_(3-δ) is reduced by doping Bi up to x=*** ZT~0.13 is obtained in Sr0.93Bi0.07TiO_(3-δ) at 1000 K.

关键词： Thermoelectrics SrTiO_(3) Composite Bi Magneli phase

New Multilevel Mixed Topology development to Improve Inverter Robustness for Domestic Photovoltaic Installations

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2013年第5期1卷 1-6页

作者： Sébastien Jacques Adelphe Caldeira Ambroise Schellmanns Zheng Ren Nathalie Batut greman umr-CNRS 7347 University of Tours 7 Avenue Marcel Dassault 37200 Tours France.

Multilevel inverters are well used in grid connected domestic photovoltaic applications because of their ability to generate a very good quality of waveforms, reducing switching frequency, and their low voltage stress across the power devices. However, this kind of inverter has to be modified to both limit common-mode currents and improve the robustness of the system. This paper presents a new mixed 5-level inverter that meets these challenges. The operating principle of the converter is proposed. Several experimental measurements are described to validate this new concept. The output voltage and current and the THD of the output voltage are particularly discussed.

关键词： Domestic PV Applications Common Mode Currents decoupling Capacitances Mixed 5-Level Inverter

Evaluation of an Ultrasound-Guided Focused Ultrasound CMUT Probe for Targeted Therapy Applications

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2018年第1期8卷 25-45页

作者： Dominique Gross Mathieu Legros Philippe Vince Dominique Certon VERMON SA Tours France Franç ois-Rabelais university CETU Altha&iuml s Technologies Tours France greman umr 7347 université de tours CNRS INSA Centre Val de Loire Tours France

Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer (CMUT) technology, which has been widely studied in the field of medical imaging, possesses strong design flexibility due to its manufacturing process. Many applications could benefit from this unique feature, especially those that require different operating ultrasonic frequencies. This article reports on the characterization of the therapeutic low-frequency field provided by an ultrasound-guided focused ultrasound CMUT probe that is connected to a custom ultrasonic scanner for hyperthermia applications. The study begins by mapping the focused ultrasonic beam in the vicinity of the focal spot and a parametric analysis providing the maximum peak-to-peak (PTP) pressure delivered by the probe under different acoustic conditions. The measured maximum PTP pressure at the targeted operating frequency of 1 MHz is 3 MPa, with a maximum of 3.6 MPa at 1.25 MHz. Based on an in vitro setup found in the literature, the temperature elevation at the focal point was measured, showing results in agreement with the targeted applications (max. ΔT = 7.5°C). The article concludes with a reliability study considering the delivered pressure and the self-heating of the CMUT probe: the results show the good stability of the pressure amplitude over 1.8 × 109 cycles at a duty cycle of 40%, with a moderate internal heating of 3°C.

关键词： Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers CMUT USgFUS Targeted Therapy

Ba substitution for enhancement of the thermoelectric properties of LaCoO_(3) ceramics(0≤x≤0.75)

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2019年第4期8卷 519-526页

作者： Mohamed Ali BOUSNINA Fabien GIOVANNELLI Loic PERRIERE Guillaume GUEGAN Fabian deLORME université Francois Rabelais de tours CNRSINSA CVLGREMAN UMR7347IUT de Blois15 rue de la chocolaterieCS2903F-41029 Blois CedexFrance universitéParis 13 Sorbonne Paris CiteLaboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des MatériauxCNRSUPR 340799 avenue J.B.ClémentF-93430 VilletaneuseFrance Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est UMR 7182 CNRS-UPEC2-8 Rue Henri Dunant94320 ThiaisFrance ST Microelectronics 16 Rue Pierre et Marie CurieTours 37100France

In the present work, dense perovskite ceramics were successfully prepared from a series of La1-xBaxCoO3 solid solutions in the range of substitution 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.75 using solid state reaction and conventional sintering. Structural properties of La1-xBaxCoO3 were systematically investigated and thermoelectric properties were measured in the temperature range of 330–1000 K. The results show that the thermoelectric properties of Ba-substituted LaCoO3 depend on x. Indeed, at 330 K, electrical conductivity presents an optimum value for x = 0.25 with a value of σmax ≈ 2.2×105 S·m–1 whereas the Seebeck coefficient decreases when x and/or the temperature increases. The Ba-substituted LaCoO3 samples exhibit p-type semiconducting behaviour. The best power factor value found is 3.4×10–4 W·m–1·K–2 at 330 K for x = 0.075, which is 10% higher than the optimum value measured in La1–xSrxCoO3 for x = 0.05. The thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity increase with increasing temperature and Ba concentration. La1-xBaxCoO3 shows a maximum figure of merit(ZT = 0.048) for x = 0.05 at 330 K, 25% higher than the best value in La1–xSrxCoO3 compounds.

关键词： perovskite Ba-substituted LaCoO_(3) oxide thermoelectric p-type semiconductor