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Glymphatic function and its influencing factors in different glucose metabolism states

World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1537-1550页

作者： Bin Tian Chen Zhao Jia-Li Liang Hui-Ting Zhang Yi-Fan Xu Hui-Lei Zheng Jia Zhou Jiang-Nian Gong Shu-Ting Lu Zi-San Zeng Department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina magnetic resonance Research Collaboration Siemens HealthineersGuangzhou 510620Guangdong ProvinceChina magnetic resonance Research Collaboration Siemens Healthineers Ltd.Wuhan 430071Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Health Management The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND Dysfunction of the glymphatic system in the brain in different stages of altered glucose metabolism and its influencing factors are not well *** To investigate the function of the glymphatic system and its clinical correlates in patients with different glucose metabolism states,the present study employed diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space(DTI-ALPS)*** Sample size was calculated using the pwr package in R *** crosssectional study enrolled 22 patients with normal glucose metabolism(NGM),20 patients with prediabetes,and 22 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).A 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate the function of the glymphatic *** mini-mental state examination(MMSE)was used to assess general cognitive *** DTI-ALPS index of bilateral basal ganglia and the mean DTI-ALPS index was ***,the correlation between DTI-ALPS and clinical features was *** The left-side,right-side,and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were significantly lower than that in the NGM *** right-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were significantly lower than those in the prediabetes ***-ALPS index lateralization was not *** MMSE score in the T2DM group was significantly lower than that in the NGM and prediabetes *** controlling for sex,the left-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index in the prediabetes group were positively correlated with 2-hour postprandial blood glucose level;the left-side DTI-ALPS index was negatively correlated with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein *** right-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index were negatively correlated with the glycosylated hemoglobin level and waist-to-hip ratio in the prediabetes *** left-side,right-side,and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were positively correlated with *** left-side and mean DTIALPS index in the T2DM group were negatively

关键词： Glymphatic system Prediabetes Type 2 diabetes mellitus magnetic resonance imaging Diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space

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Individualized brain mapping for navigated neuromodulation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第5期137卷 508-523页

作者： Chaohong Gao Xia Wu Xinle Cheng Kristoffer Hougaard Madsen Congying Chu Zhengyi Yang Lingzhong Fan Sino–Danish College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China brainnetome Center National Laboratory of Pattern RecognitionInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby 2800Denmark Danish Research centre for magnetic resonance Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and ResearchCopenhagen University Hospital Amager and HvidovreHvidovre 2650Denmark CAS Center for Excellence in brain Science and Intelligence Technology Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Health and Life Sciences University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong 266000China

The brain is a complex organ that requires precise mapping to understand its structure and *** atlases provide a powerful tool for studying brain circuits,discovering biological markers for early diagnosis,and developing personalized treatments for neuropsychiatric *** techniques,such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and deep brain stimulation,have revolutionized clinical therapies for neuropsychiatric ***,the lack of fine-scale brain atlases limits the precision and effectiveness of these *** in neuroimaging and machine learning techniques have led to the emergence of stereotactic-assisted neurosurgery and navigation ***,the individual variability among patients and the diversity of brain diseases make it necessary to develop personalized *** article provides an overview of recent advances in individualized brain mapping and navigated neuromodulation and discusses the methodological profiles,advantages,disadvantages,and future trends of these *** article concludes by posing open questions about the future development of individualized brain mapping and navigated neuromodulation.

关键词： brain atlas Individualization Navigated neuromodulation Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging Transcranial magnetic stimulation Deep brain stimulation

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Electrochemical construction of 2,5-diaryloxazoles via N–H and C(sp_(3))-H functionalization

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 340-345页

作者： Tong Li Leping Pan Yan Zhang Jihu Su Kai Li Kuiliang Li Hu Chen Qi Sun Zhiyong Wang Hefei National Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan 232001China CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale magnetic resonance Department of Modern PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

An efficient N–H and C(sp~3)-H functionalization of aryl ketones with benzylamines/amino acids was developed under mild conditions by virtue of anodic oxidation. A variety of functionalized 2,5-diaryloxazoles were obtained with good to excellent yields. Moreover, some important natural products can be prepared by this method. The reaction features a broad substrate scope, scalability, metal-free and chemical oxidant-free.

关键词： Electrochemical Metal-free Oxazole Oxidant-free

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magnetic resonance imaging in personalized medicine

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第1期60卷 1-4页

作者： Xiaoying Wang Xiaohong Joe Zhou Radiology Department Peking University First Hospital Center for magnetic resonance Research and Departments of Radiology Neurosurgery and BioengineeringUniversity of Illinois at Chicago

Continued biomedical advances and increased demands on quality health care have led to a new era of personalized medicine--a concept of medicine that uses specific infor- mation to an individual to help diagnose disease, plan treatment, assess treatment efficacy, and/or predict progno- sis. This concept has evolved from the idea of ＂pa- tient-centered care＂, which intends to shift the focus of health care from diseases to patients （Abujudeh et al., 2016）. Medical imaging is essential in the practice of mod- em medicine, and its role in personalized medicine has nev- er been greater. In particular, magnetic resonance （MR） imaging--a versatile and growing medical imaging modal- ity--is at the forefront leading the transformation from tra- ditional practice to personalized medicine. In 2001, a survey of leading physicians ranked MR imaging as well as CT scan as the most important medical innovations since 1980s （Fuchs et al., 2001）. Over the past four decades, MR imag- ing has shown an explosive growth and become the modal- ity of choice for assessment of the central nervous system,

关键词：个性化医疗磁共振成像生物医学中枢神经系统医学影像学医疗保健现代医学医疗成像

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imaging mechanical shear waves induced by piezoelectric ceramics in magnetic resonance elastography

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第6期51卷 755-760页

作者： CHEN Jun NI Cheng ZHUANG Tiange Department of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China Siemens Mindit magnetic resonance Ltd. Shenzhen 518057 China

magnetic resonance Elastography (MRE) is a noninvasive technique to measure elas-ticity of tissues in vivo. In this paper, a mechanical shear wave MR imaging system experiment is set for MRE. A novel actuator is proposed to generate me-chanical shear waves propagating inside a gel phantom. The actuator is made of piezoelectric ce-ramics, and fixed on a plexiglass bracket. Both of the gel phantom and the actuator are put into a head coil inside the MR scanner’s bore. The actuator works synchronously with an MR imaging sequence running on the MR scanner. The sequence is modified from a FLASH sequence into a motion-sensitizing phase- contrast sequence for shear wave MR imaging. Shear wave images are presented, and these effects on the shear wave MR imaging system, including the stiffness of phantoms, the frequency of the actuator, the parameters of the motion-sensitizing gradient, and the oscillation of the patient bed, are discussed.

关键词：磁共振成像压电陶瓷序列设计成像机制剪力波生物医学

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Illuminating β-arrestin conformational dynamics by fluorine NMR

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magnetic resonance Letters 2024年第2期4卷 73-74页

作者： Bin Xia Beijing Nuclear magnetic resonance Center College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

In a recent paper, solution-state ^(19)F NMR spectroscopy was used to probe the conformational dynamics of β-arrestin-1, an essential adaptor and signaling component of the G-protein couple receptor (GPCR) signaling pathway. This work reveals a highly complex conformational energy landscape of β-arrestin-1, and illuminates the molecular mechanism of the membrane phosphoinositide PIP2-induced β-arrestin-1 activation at residue level.(https://***/10.1038/s41467-023-43694-1).

关键词： conformational dynamics fluorine

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Light-activated tautomeric transition enhanced buried heterointerface for highly efficient and ultraviolet robust perovskite solar cells

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Sheng Jiang Shaobing Xiong Shuaifei Mao Yefan Zhang Dongyang Zhao Xiaomeng You Vladimir Gaishun Dmitry Kovalenk Qinye Bao School of Physics and Electronic Science East China Normal University Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Institute of OptoelectronicsFudan University Institute of functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Soochow University Shanghai Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance East China Normal University Department of Physics and Information Technologies Francisk Skorina Gomel State University Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi University

The buried heterointerface of perovskite solar cells（PSCs） suffers from serious nonradiative recombination and ultraviolet（UV）light stress, relentlessly limiting further increase in their power conversion efficiency and operational stability. Herein, we develop an emerging strategy of incorporating a thin UV-activated tautomeric transition layer onto underlying charge transport layer and then depositing perovskite layer to construct an efficient hole-selective buried heterojunction. It is revealed that the UV-activated tautomeric transition interlayer not only improves upper perovskite crystallinity, diminishes thermionic loss for collecting hole and passivates defect site at such buried contact that significantly promote charge transport and suppress nonradiative recombination, but also effectively protects adjacent perovskite from UV degradation through “UV sunscreen”effect. As a result, we report a remarkably enhanced efficiency of 24.76% compared to 22.02% of the control device. More importantly, the achieved high-efficiency PSC features excellent resistance against UV radiation at 365 nm of 100 and 850 mW cm-2, which are approximately 21 and 184 times of UV flux(4.6 mW cm-2) under AM 1.5G solar illumination. This work provides a promising approach of strengthening buried heterointerface for simultaneous realization of highly efficient and UV robust PSCs.

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Modulation of zeolite surface realizes dynamic copper species redispersion

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2024年第6期43卷 6-7页

作者： Guoliang Liu Zhiqiang Liu Anmin Zheng Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringThe State Key Laboratory of Refractories and MetallurgyWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081PR China State Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071PR China

Zeolite-based metal nanoparticles(NPs)catalysts have shown promising applications in fuel production,petro-and fine-chemical manufacture,biomass refinery,and so *** of hydroxyl groups on the zeolite surface has proven to be effective in boosting catalytic reactions over metal-zeolite *** example,modifying the wettability of ZSM-5 and titanium silicalite-1(TS-1)crystals by surface hydrophobization drastically enhances catalytic performance of zeolites encapsulated AuPd[1]and Pt[2]NPs in methane oxidation and aldehydes/ketones hydrogenation,*** fact,two kinds of hydroxyl groups are present in zeolite materials,which refers to bridged hydroxyls[Si-O(H)-Al]and silanols[Si-O(H)].Both hydroxyl groups are defects of zeolite framework structures,which provides anchor points in dispersing metals[3].The former hydroxyl group is tunable to control acidity by adjusting Si/Al ratio in zeolite,whereas the role of silanols is not fully understood[4],particularly in the dispersion of metal NPs.

关键词： zeolite dispersion aldehydes

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Influence of exchange bias on spin torque ferromagnetic resonance for quantification of spin–orbit torque efficiency

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 688-694页

作者：赵乾张腾飞何斌李子木张森富于国强王建波刘青芳魏晋武 Key Laboratory for Magnetism and magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Special functional Materials and Structural Design Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Antiferromagnet(AFM)/ferromagnet(FM)heterostructure is a popular system for studying the spin–orbit torque(SOT)of ***,the interfacial exchange bias field induces that the magnetization in FM layer is noncollinear to the external magnetic field,namely the magnetic moment drag effect,which further influences the characteristic of SOT *** this work,we study the SOT efficiencies of IrMn/NiFe bilayers with strong interfacial exchange bias by using spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance(ST-FMR)method.A full analysis on the AFM/FM systems with exchange bias is performed,and the angular dependence of magnetization on external magnetic field is determined through the minimum rule of free *** ST-FMR results can be well fitted by this *** obtained the relative accurate SOT efficiencyξ_(DL)=0.058 for the IrMn *** work provides a useful method to analyze the angular dependence of ST-FMR results and facilitates the accurate measurement of SOT efficiency for the AFM/FM heterostructures with strong exchange bias.

关键词： antiferromagnets spin-orbit torque exchange bias spin torque ferromagnetic resonance

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Strong-field photoelectron holography in the subcycle limit

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1032-1040页

作者： Tsendsuren Khurelbaatar Jaewuk Heo ShaoGang Yu XuanYang Lai XiaoJun Liu Dong Eon Kim Center for Attosecond Science and Technology Department of PhysicsPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangGyeongbuk37673Korea Max Planck POSTECH/KOREA Research Initiative PohangGyeongbuk37673Korea State Key Laboratory of magnetic resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences430071WuhanChina Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology 430206WuhanChina

Strong-field photoelectron holography is promising for the study of electron dynamics and structure in atoms and molecules,with superior spatiotemporal resolution compared to conventional electron and X-ray ***,the application of strong-field photoelectron holography has been hindered by inter-cycle interference from multicycle ***,we address this challenge by employing a near-single-cycle field to suppress the inter-cycle *** observed and separated two distinct holographic patterns for the first *** measurements allow us not only to identify the Gouy phase effect on electron wavepackets and holographic patterns but also to correctly extract the internuclear separation of the target molecule from the holographic *** work leads to a leap jump from theory to application in the field of strong-field photoelectron holography-based ultrafast imaging of molecular structures.

关键词： photoelectron holographic cycle

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