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Comparison of smoothness-constrained and geostatistically based cross-borehole electrical resistivity tomography for characterization of solute tracer plumes

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Water Science and engineering 2016年第4期9卷 274-286页

作者： Andreas englert Andreas Kemna Jun-feng Zhu Jan Vanderborght Harry Vereecken Tian-Chyi J.Yeh Institute of Geology Mineralogy and GeophysicsRuhr University Bochum Department of Geophysics Steinmann InstituteUniversity of Bonn Kentucky Geological Survey University of Kentucky Agrosphere Institute for Bio- and Geosciences(IBG-3)Forschungszentrum Jlich GmbH Department of Resources engineering National Cheng Kung University Department of Hydrology and Water Resources The University of Arizona

experiments using electrical resistivity tomography(eRT) have shown promising results in reducing the uncertainty of solute plume characteristics related to estimates based on the analysis of local point measurements *** explore the similarities and differences between two cross-borehole eRT inversion approaches for characterizing salt tracer plumes,namely the classical smoothness-constrained inversion and a geostatistically based approach,we performed two-dimensional synthetic *** assumptions about the solute transport model and the electrical forward and inverse model allowed us to study the sensitivity of the eRT inversion approaches towards a variety of basic conditions,including the number of boreholes,measurement schemes,contrast between the plume and background electrical conductivity,use of a priori knowledge,and point *** results show that geostatistically based and smoothness-constrained inversions of electrical resistance data yield plume characteristics of similar quality,which can be further improved when point measurements are incorporated and advantageous measurement schemes are *** expected,an increased number of boreholes included in the eRT measurement layout can highly improve the quality of inferred plume characteristics,while in this case the benefits of point conditioning and advantageous measurement schemes *** eRT inversion approaches are similarly sensitive to the noise level of the data and the contrast between the solute plume and background electrical conductivity,and robust with regard to biased input parameters,such as mean concentration,variance,and correlation length of the *** sophisticated inversion schemes have recently become available,in which flow and transport as well as electrical forward models are coupled,these schemes effectively rely on a relatively simple geometrical parameterization of the hydrogeological ***,we believe that standard uncoupled eR

关键词： electrical resistivity tomography Inversion technique Solute tracer plume Synthetic experiment Plume characteristics

Magnetic skyrmion bundles join the family of topological solitons

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第4期65卷 123-124页

作者： Nikolai S.Kiselev Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum JülichJülich D-52425Germany

Magnetic solitons are localized magnetic textures that are similar to ordinary particles-they have defined size and can move and interact with each other. Topological solitons [1],in addition, are characterized by the so-called topological charge or topological index, which allows classifying magnetic solitons and has the following meaning.

关键词： topological solitons ordinary

Layered barium vanadate nanobelts for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第10期28卷 1684-1692页

作者： Xing-hua Qin Ye-hong Du Peng-chao Zhang Xin-yu Wang Qiong-qiong Lu Ai-kai Yang Jun-cai Sun Institute of Materials and Technology Dalian Maritime UniversityDalian 116026China Institute for Complex Materials Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research(IFW Dresden e.V.HelmholtzstraBe 2001069 DresdenGermany Materials Synthesis and Processing(IeK-1) Institute of Energy and Climate ResearchForschungszentrum Julich GmbH52425 JulichGermany

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)are deemed as the idea option for large-scale energy storage systems owing to many alluring merits including low manufacture cost,environmental friendliness,and high operations ***,to develop high-performance cathode is still significant for practical application of ***,Ba_(0.23)V_(2)O_(5)·1.1H_(2)O(BaVO)nanobelts were fabricated as cathode materials of ZIBs by a typical hydrothermal synthesis *** from the increased interlayer distance of 1.31 nm by Ba2+ and H2O pre-intercalated,the obtained BaVO nanobelts showed an excellent initial discharge capacity of 378 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1 A·g^(-1),a great rate performance(e.g.,172 mAh·g^(-1) at 5 A·g^(-1)),and a superior capacity retention(93% after 2000 cycles at 5 A·g^(-1)).

关键词： aqueous zinc-ion batteries barium vanadate nanobelts increased interlayer distance long cycle life

Trends in the hyperfine interactions of magnetic adatoms on thin insulating layers

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 787-796页

作者： Sufyan Shehada Manuel dos Santos Dias Filipe Souza Mendes Guimarães Muayad Abusaa Samir Lounis Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich&JARAJülichGermany Department of Physics RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Jülich Supercomputing Center Forschungszentrum Jülich&JARAJülichGermany Department of Physics Arab American UniversityJeninPalestine Faculty of Physics University of Duisburg-Essen&CENIDEDuisburgGermany

Nuclear spins are among the potential candidates prospected for quantum information technology.A recent breakthrough enabled to atomically resolve their interaction with the electron spin,the so-called hyperfine interaction,within individual atoms utilizing scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).Intriguingly,this was only realized for a few species put on a two-layers thick ***,we systematically quantify from first-principles the hyperfine interactions of the whole series of 3d transition adatoms deposited on various thicknesses of MgO,NaF,NaCl,h–BN,and Cu2N *** identify the adatom-substrate complexes with the largest hyperfine interactions and unveil the main trends and *** reveal the core mechanisms at play,such as the interplay of the local bonding geometry and the chemical nature of the thin films,which trigger transitions between high-and low-spin states accompanied with subtle internal rearrangements of the magnetic *** providing a general map of hyperfine interactions,our work has immediate implications in future STM investigations aiming at detecting and realizing quantum concepts hinging on nuclear spins.

关键词： quantum utilizing breakthrough

Microstructure evolution during Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloy AA2219

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2010年第8期26卷 747-753页

作者： K.S.Arora S.Pandey M.Schaper R.Kumar Mechanical engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Institut fuer Werkstoffwissenschaft Technische Universitaet Dresden Institut fuer Sicherheitsforschung Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf engineering Division National Metallurgical Laboratory

The characterization of microstructure evolution in friction stir welded aluminum alloy was carried out by optical microscopy （OM） and transmission electron microscopy （TeM） and electron backscatter diffraction （eBSD）. The weld nugget consisted of very fine equiaxed grains and experienced dissolution of nearly half of metastable precipitates into the matrix during welding. Thermomechanically affected zone （TMAZ） also experienced dissolution of precipitates but to a lesser extent whereas coarsening of precipitates was observed in heat affected zone （HAZ）. Grain boundary misorientation measurements using eBSD indicated continuous dynamic recrystallization as the underlying mechanism for the fine equiaxed nugget grains. The yield and tensile strength of the weld decreased with comparison to base material. But due to the decrease of grain size and the dissolution of second phase precipitates, an increased Charpy energy value was observed in the weld n u gget.

关键词： Friction stir welding AA2219 Precipitates Vickers hardness Tensile testing Charpy impact energy

Vapor transport growth of MoS2 nucleated on SiO2 patterns and graphene flakes

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Nano Research 2016年第11期9卷 3504-3514页

作者： Toma Stoica Mihai Stoica Martial Duchamp Andreas Tiedemann Siegfried Mantl Detlev Orutzmacher Dan Buca Beata e. Kardynal Peter Grunberg Institute 9 (PGI 9) andJARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technologies Forschungszentrum Julich Julich 52425 Germany National Institute of Materials Physics Magurele Bucharest 077125 Romania Institute of Physical Chemistry 'llie Murgulescu' of the Romanian Academy Bucharest 060021 Romania Peter Grunberg Institute 5 (PGI 5) and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technologies Forschungszentrum Julich Julich 52425 Germany

Vapor transport growth of atomically thin MoS2 layers on patterned substrates is investigated, as it is a step towards the self-aligned growth and formation of heterojunctions, which could be useful in future applications. enhanced formation of MoS2 flakes at the pattern edges is observed on both the substrates examined, namely, patterned thermal SiO2 on Si（100） and graphene flakes on SiO2. The diffusion driven growth leads to the formation of MoS2 monolayers （MLs） with sizes of tens of micrometers around the edges of SiO2 patterns. The growth mode and the optical quality of the MoS2 flakes can be controlled by varying the substrate temperature. Besides the lateral growth, 3R-type pyramids are obtained on prolonging the growth. Lateral MoS2-graphene heterostructures are obtained by using graphene flakes on SiO2 as a substrate.

关键词： MoS2 localized nucleation andgrowth graphene two-dimensional (2D)heterostructures

Characteristics of Off-Chip Millimeter-Wave Radiation from Serial Josephson Junction Arrays

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第6期28卷 262-265页

作者： WANG Zheng FAN Bin ZHAO Xin-Jie YUe Hong-Wei He Ming JI Lu YAN Shao-Lin FANG Lan Klushin A.M Department of electronics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071 Institute of Bio-and Nanosystems and JARA Fundamentals of Future Information Technology Forschungszentrum JülichD-52425 JülichGermany

We investigate the self-emissions from serial high-temperature superconductor bicrystal Josephson junction arrays embedded in a quasi-optical resonator.A bicrystal substrate is used as a dielectric resonator antenna,which increases the coupling strength between the junction array and the electromagnetic(eM)*** three-dimension(3D)electromagnetic simulations and experiments are *** off-chip radiations are measured from the junction array at 78 GHz and 78 *** proposed method and the experimental results are important for millimeter wave applications in junction arrays.

关键词： resonator millimeter antenna

Time-Domain Frequency Correction Method for Averaging Low-Field NMR Signals Acquired in Urban Laboratory environment

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第10期29卷 213-216页

作者： QIU Long-Qing LIU Chao DONG Hui XU Lu ZHANG Yi Hans-Joachim Krause XIe Xiao-Ming Andreas Offenhäusser State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyShanghai 200050 Peter Grünberg Institute(PGI-8) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichD-52425Germany Joint Research Laboratory on Superconductivity and Bioelectronics Collaboration between CAS-Shanghai and Forschungszentrum JülichShanghai 200050 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049

Using a second-order helium-cooled superconducting quantum interference device gradiometer as the detector,ultra-low-field nuclear magnetic resonance(ULF-NMR)signals of protons are recorded in an urban environment without magnetic *** homogeneity and stability of the measurement field are *** signals of protons are studied at night and during working *** Larmor frequency variation caused by the fluctuation of the external magnetic field during daytime reaches around 5 Hz when performing multiple measurements for about 10 min,which seriously affects the results of *** order to improve the performance of the averaged data,we suggest the use of a data processor,*** so-called time-domain frequency correction(TFC).For a 50-times averaged signal spectrum,the signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced from 30 to 120 when applying TFC while preserving the NMR spectrum *** TFC is also applied successfully to the measurement data of the hetero-nuclear J-coupling in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol.

关键词： NMR averaged spectrum

Argon-seeded plasma exposure and oxidation performance of tungsten-chromium-yttrium smart alloys

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Tungsten 2019年第2期1卷 159-168页

作者： Janina Schmitz Andrey M.Litnovsky Felix Klein Xiaoyue Tan Uwe Breuer Marcin Rasinski Stephan ertmer Arkadi Kreter Jesus Gonzalez-Julian Martin Bram Jan Willem Coenen Christian Linsmeier forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH Institut fuer Energie-und Klimaforschung52425 JuelichGermany Department of Applied Physics Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium School of Materials Science and engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH Institut fuer Engineering und Analytik52425 JuelichGermany

Tungsten-chromium-yttrium(WCrY)smart alloys are foreseen as the first wall material for future fusion devices such as Demonstration Power Plant(DeMO).While suppressing W oxidation during accidental conditions,they should behave like pure W during plasma operation due to preferential sputtering of the lighter alloying elements Cr,Y,and W enrichment of the *** this paper,the erosion performance of WCrY and W samples simultaneously exposed to deuterium(D)plasma with the addition of 1%of the projectile ions being argon(Ar)ions at an ion energy of 120 eV is *** reference to the previous experiments at 120 eV in pure D plasma,the erosion for both WCrY and W is enhanced by a factor of~*** Ar to the D plasma suppresses significant W enrichment previously found for pure D *** investigate the impact of the plasma exposure onto the oxidation performance,plasma-exposed and non-exposed reference samples were oxidised in a dry *** show,on the one hand,that the oxida-tion suppression of WCrY in comparison to pure W is preserved during the plasma *** the other hand,it becomes evident that edge effects imposed by the geometry of the samples used in plasma experiments play a significant role for the oxidation behaviour.

关键词： Tungsten-based alloys Plasma-facing material Smart alloys DeMO