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A New Micropropagation technology of Tilia amurensis:In VitroMicropropagation of Mature Zygotic Embryos and the Establishment of a PlantRegeneration System

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第2期93卷 277-289页

作者： Shijie Lin Zimo Wang Hongbo Zhu Conghui Wang Hongfeng Wang Dawei Zhang Tianbing Gou Guangdao Bao Ye Luo Huaijiang He Zhonghui Zhang Jilin Provincial Academy of forestry sciences(Jilin forestry Biological Control Central station) Changchun130033China Institute of forestry Inventory and Planning of Jilin Province Changchun130022China Jilin Forest Tree and Seeding Management station Changchun130022China

Tilia amurensis is an economically valuable broadleaf tree species in Northeast *** production of *** varieties at commercial scales has been greatly limited by the low germination *** thus a pressing need to develop an organogenesis protocol for in vitro propagation of *** to alleviate ashortage of high-quality *** ***,we established a rapid in vitro propagation system *** from mature zygotic embryos and analyzed the effects of plant growth regulators and culture mediain different *** found that Woody plant medium(WPM)was the optimal primary culture medium formature zygotic *** highest callus induction percentage(68.76%)and number of axillary buds induced(3.2)were obtained in WPM+0.89μmol/L 6-benzyladenine(6-BA)+0.46μmol/L kinetin(KT)+0.25μmol/Lindole-3-butryic acid(IBA)+1.44μmol/L gibberellin A_(3)(GA_(3)).The multiple shoot bud development achievedthe highest percentage(83.32%)in the Murashige and Skoog(MS)+2.22μmol/L 6-BA+0.25μmol/L IBA+1.44μmol/L GA_(3).The rooting percentage(96.70%)was highest in 1/2 MS medium+1.48μmol/L *** percentage of transplanting plantlets was 82.22%in soil:vermiculite:perlite(5:3:1).Our study is the firstto establish an effective organogenesis protocol for *** using mature zygotic embryos.

关键词： Tilia amurensis Rupr. mature zygotic embryo micropropagation adventitious bud multiplication rooting

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Calibration and experimental verification of discrete element parameters of Panax notoginseng root

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 13-23页

作者： Kaiting Xie Zhaoguo Zhang Fa’an Wang Xiaolan Yu Chenglin Wang Shifei Jiang Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China Guizhou Agricultural Machinery technology promotion station Guiyang 550003China Yunnan Tobacco Machinery Co. LtdKunming 650100China

Existing discrete element method-based simulation analysis of Panax notoginseng root soil separation still has the challenge to get the accurate and reliable basic parameters,which are necessary for discrete element *** this paper,the *** roots suitable for harvesting period were taken as the experimental *** using 3D scanning reverse modeling technology and EDEM software to establish the discrete element model of ***,based on which,the physical and virtual tests were carried out to calibrate the simulation ***,the basic physical parameters(density,triaxial geometric size,moisture content,shear modulus,and elastic modulus)and contact coefficients(static friction coefficient,rolling friction coefficient,and crash recovery coefficient between *** roots and 65Mn steel)were measured by physical ***,treating the contact coefficients of *** roots as the influence factor,the steepest uphill test,and four factors combing five levels of rotational virtual simulation are *** measured relative error accumulation angle and simulation accumulation angle are set as the performance *** results show that the static friction coefficient,rolling friction coefficient,crash recovery coefficient,and surface energy coefficient of *** roots are 0.55,0.35,0.16,and 19.5 J/m2,*** calibration results as parameters of the vibration separation simulation test of *** soil,the Box-Behnken vibration separation simulation tests were carried out,in which the vibration frequency,inclination angle,and vibration amplitude of separation device as factors,screening rate and damage rate of *** soil complex are regarded as *** results show that the optimal operating parameters of the separation device are the vibration frequency of 10 Hz,the inclination angle of 5°,and the amplitude of 6 *** on the optimal operation parameters,the discrete element

关键词： Panax notoginseng root EDEM parameter calibration separation test

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Impacts of climate change and human activities on vegetation dynamics on the Mongolian Plateau, East Asia from 2000 to 2023

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第8期16卷 1062-1079页

作者： YAN Yujie CHENG Yiben XIN Zhiming ZHOU Junyu ZHOU Mengyao WANG Xiaoyu School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Experimental Center of Desert forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryDengkou 015200China Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research station National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationDengkou 015200China

The Mongolian Plateau in East Asia is one of the largest contingent arid and semi-arid areas of the *** the impacts of climate change and human activities,desertification is becoming increasingly severe on the Mongolian *** the vegetation dynamics in this region can better characterize its ecological *** this study,based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)images,we calculated the kernel normalized difference vegetation index(kNDVI)on the Mongolian Plateau from 2000 to 2023,and analyzed the changes in kNDVI using the Theil-Sen median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall significance *** further investigated the impact of climate change on kNDVI change using partial correlation analysis and composite correlation analysis,and quantified the effects of climate change and human activities on kNDVI change by residual *** results showed that kNDVI on the Mongolian Plateau was increasing overall,and the vegetation recovery area in the southern region was significantly larger than that in the northern *** 50.99%of the plateau showed dominant climate-driven effects of temperature,precipitation,and wind speed on kNDVI *** analysis showed that climate change and human activities together contributed to 94.79%of the areas with vegetation *** human activities promoted the recovery of local vegetation,and climate change inhibited vegetation growth in the northern part of the Mongolian *** study provides scientific data for understanding the regional ecological environment status and future changes and developing effective ecological protection measures on the Mongolian Plateau.

关键词： kernel normalized difference vegetation index(kNDVI) human activities climate change partial correlation analysis composite correlation analysis residual analysis Mongolian Plateau

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The storage and utilization of carbohydrates in response to elevation mediated by tree organs in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 52-61页

作者： Bin Xu Xueli Jiang Yingying Zong G.Geoff Wang Fusheng Chen Zhenyu Zhao Xiangmin Fang Key Laboratory of National forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330045China Jiulianshan National Observation and Research station of Chinese Forest Ecosystem College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330045China Department of forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson UniversityClemsonSC29634USA

Global climate change can affect tree growth and carbon sink function by influencing plant carbohydrate synthesis and utilization,while elevation can be used as an ideal setting under natural conditions to simulate climate change *** effect of elevation on tree growth may depend on organ ***,the allocation patterns of nonstructural and structural carbohydrates(NSCs and SCs,respectively)in different tree organs and their response to elevation remain *** selected four dominant tree species,Schima superba,Castanopsis eyrei,Castanopsis fargesii and Michelia maudiae,along an elevation gradient from 609 to 1,207 m in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests and analyzed leaf,trunk,and fine root NSCs,carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)concentrations and the relative abundance of *** NSCs increased initially and then decreased,and trunk NSCs increased with increasing ***,root NSCs decreased with increasing *** relative abundance of SCs in leaves and trunks decreased,while the relative abundance of root SCs increased with increasing *** significant correlations between SCs and NSCs in leaves were detected,while there were negative correlations between SCs and NSCs in trunks,roots,and all *** partitioning analysis indicated that plant C/N and C/P were the main predictors of changes in SCs and *** results suggest that tree organs have divergent responses to elevation and that increasing elevation will inhibit the aboveground part growth and enhance the root growth of trees.A tradeoff between the C distribution used for growth and storage was confirmed along the elevation gradient,which is mainly manifested in the"sink"organs of *** results provide insight into tree growth in the context of global climate change scenarios in subtropical forest ecosystems.

关键词： Nonstructural carbohydrates Structural carbohydrates Elevation Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests Tree organs

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Response mechanism of soil microorganisms to simulated precipitation in the source wetland of Qinghai Lake

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 61-71页

作者： Xinye Wang Ni Zhang Kelong Chen Tiexi Chen Desheng Qi Yuanxi Ma School of Geographical sciences Qinghai Normal University National Positioning Observation and Research station of Qinghai Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Qinghai National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation(Ministry of Education) Qinghai Normal University School of Geographical sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Qinghai Provincial land spatial Planning Research Institute

Background Changes in precipitation patterns crucially impact soil microbial communities, and the ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) is highly vulnerable to climate change. However, we do not fully understand how soil microbial communities in the source wetlands of QTP respond to changes in precipitation. In this study, we employed advanced techniques such as high-throughput sequencing and metabolomics to investigate how soil microbial communities in a source wetland of Qinghai Lake respond to changes in precipitation after quadrennial precipitation *** Our findings showed that the predominant microbiota in the source wetland was Proteobacteria. Interestingly, alterations in precipitation levels, whether increased or reduced, did not significantly impact the diversity or functional groups of the microbial community. However, the structure of the microbial community did respond notably to changes in precipitation, leading to shifts in the relative abundance of Spirochaetes and Treponema. A notable finding was that reduced precipitation levels(– 25% and-50%) and mild increases in precipitation(25%) within the region contributed to increased soil carbon content. However, this effect ceased to manifest when precipitation increased by 50%. Additionally, the reduction in precipitation prompted the release of soil metabolites like syringic acid and aldosterone, while enhanced precipitation resulted in a decrease in aldosterone *** Precipitation changes altered the relative abundance of soil microbial communities and metabolites, which was conducive to increasing carbon storage in this alpine wetland.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Climate change Precipitation gradient Carbon and nitrogen cycles LC/MS

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Effect of chemical regulators on the recovery of leaf physiology,dry matter accumulation and translocation,and yield-related characteristics in winter wheat following dry-hot wind

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 108-121页

作者： Yanan Xu Yue Wu Yan Han Jiqing Song Wenying Zhang Wei Han Binhui Liu Wenbo Bai Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Dryland Farming Research Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesHengshui 053000China Shandong General station of Agricultural technology Extension Jinan 250100China

Dry-hot wind stress causes losses in wheat productivity in major growing regions worldwide,especially winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China,and both the occurrence and severity of such events are likely to increase with global climate *** investigate the recovery of physiological functions and yield formation using a new noncommercial chemical regulator(NCR)following dry-hot wind stress,we conducted a three-year field experiment(2018-2021)with sprayed treatments of tap water(control),monopotassium phosphate(CKP),NCR at both the jointing and flowering stages(CFS),and NCR only at the jointing stage(FSJ)or flowering stage(FSF).The leaf physiology,biomass accumulation and translocation,grain-filling process,and yield components in winter wheat were *** the single spraying treatments,the FSJ treatment was beneficial for the accumulation of dry matter before anthesis,as well as larger increases in the maximum grain-filling rate and mean grain-filling *** FSF treatment performed better in maintaining a high relative chlorophyll content as indicated by the SPAD value,and a low rate of excised leaf water loss in flag leaves,promoting dry matter accumulation and the contribution to grain after anthesis,prolonging the duration of grain filling,and causing the period until the maximum grain-filling rate reached *** CFS treatment was better than any other treatments in relieving the effects of dry-hot *** exogenous NCR treatments significantly increased grain yields by 12.45-18.20% in 2018-2019,8.89-13.82% in 2019-2020,and 8.10-9.00% in *** conventional measure of the CKP treatment only increased grain yield by 6.69% in *** CFS treatment had the greatest mitigating effect on yield loss under dry-hot wind stress,followed by the FSF and FSJ treatments,and the CKP treatment only had a minimal *** summary,the CFS treatment could be used as the main chemical control measure for wheat stress resistance and yield

关键词： preparation stress foliar spraying grain-filling remobilization

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Warming intensified the effects of nitrogen addition on N_(2)O emissions from alpine meadow in the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 101-112页

作者： Ming-Jie LI Yi-Qing GE Hasbagan GANJURJAV Guo-Zheng HU Hong-Bao WU Jun YAN Shi-Cheng HE Qing-Zhu GAO Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China National Agricultural Experimental station for Agricultural Environment Nagqu 852100China Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China College of Resource and Environment Anhui Science and Technology UniversityFengyang 233100China Nagqu Agriculture Animal Husbandryand Prataculture Science and Technology Research and Extension CenterNagqu 852100China Tongliao Experimental Middle School Tongliao 028000China

Warming and nitrogen(N)addition may impact soil nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions,but the relationship between plant community composition and soil microbial activities remains *** a two-year field study in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,open-top chambers were used to quantify the effects of warming,N-addition,and their interactions on N_(2)O *** found that the N-addition greatly increased N_(2)O emissions by 77.4%in 2018 when compared to the control *** contrast,warming showed little effect on N_(2)0 emissions but did increase the activity of enzymes associated with soil nitrification and denitrification.A combined effect of warming and N-addition of resulted in 208.6%(2018)and 90.8%(2019)increase in N_(2)0 emissions,respectively,compared to the individual treatments of warming or *** warming in alpine meadows is causally linked to increased legume biomass which is further intensified with the *** legume biomass(p<0.05),soil moisture(p<0.001)and enzyme activity(p<0.001)had a positive effect on N_(2)0 emissions,while diminished microbial carbon/nitrogen(MBC/MBN)(p<0.05)correlated with reduced N_(2)O *** results indicated that N-addition has a positive effect on N_(2)O emissions,and the addition of warming further intensifies this *** increased dominance of legumes and microbial N content contributes to this *** outcomes suggest that warming and atmospheric N deposition can stimulate N_(2)O emissions of alpine meadows inthefuture.

关键词： Alpine meadow Community composition Nitrogen addition Nitrous oxide flux Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Warming

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Is there hybridization between 2 species of the same genus in sympatry?——The genetic relationships between Anoplophora glabripennis,Anoplophora chinensis,and putative hybrids

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Insect science 2024年第2期31卷 633-645页

作者： Haiwen Qin Huachao Xu Arnaud Capron Ilga Porth Mingming Cui Melody A.Keena Xiaofang Deng Juan Shi Richard C.Hamelin Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Invasive Forest Pests in Eurasia Department of ForestBejing Forestry UniversityBejingChina Department of Forest and Conservation sciences The University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada College of forestry and Biotechnology Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouChina Department of Wood and Forest sciences Laval UniversityQuebecCanada 5 Department of AgricultureNorthern Research StationUSDA Forest ServiceHamdenConnecticutUSA Changchun Landscape Plant Conservation station Bureau of Forestry and Landscaping of ChangchunChangchunChina

Anoplophora glabripennis(Asian longhorn beetle,ALB)and Anoplophora chinensis(Citrus longhorn beetle,CLB)are native forest pests in China;they have become important international quarantine *** are found using the same Salix aureopendula host tree of Cixi,Zhejiang province,*** this host tree,we collected additional beetles that appeared to be morphologically intermediate between ALB and *** using a stereoscope,we observed that there were several bumps on the base of the elytra,which was inconsistent with ALB,which typically has a smooth elytral base,but was more like CLB,which has numerous short tubercles on the elytral *** their sympatry and intermediate morphology,we hypothesized that these may represent ALB×CLB *** studied the genomic profiles for 46 samples(ALB,CLB,and putative hybrids)using genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS)providing a reduced representation of the entire *** principal component analyses on the 163 GBS-derived single nucleotide polymorphism data,we found putative hybrids tightly clustered with ALB,but genetically distinct from the CLB ***,our initial hybrid hypothesis was not supported by genomic ***,while mating experiments between adult ALB and CLB were successful in 4 separate years(2017,2018,2020,and 2021),and oviposition behavior was observed,no progeny was *** employed population genomic analysis and biological hybridization experiments,we conclude that the putative hybrids represent newly discovered morphological variants within *** approach further confirmed the advantage of genome-wide information for Anoplophora species assignment in certain ambiguous classification cases.

关键词： Anoplophora chinensis Anoplophora glabripenni sg enotyping-bysequencing invasive pest mating putative hybrid

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Resilience and response:Unveiling the impacts of extreme droughts on forests through integrated dendrochronological and remote sensing analyses

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 491-501页

作者： Han Shi Xi Peng Yong-Jiao Zhou Ai-Ying Wang Xue-Kai Sun Na Li Quan-Sheng Bao Gude Buri Guang-You Hao CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China Daqinggou Ecological Research station Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing100049China School of Life science and Engineering Shenyang UniversityShenyang110044China Wudantala forestry Forestry and Grassland Administration of Horqin Northeast CountyTongliao028100China

Extreme droughts are anticipated to have detrimental impacts on forest ecosystems,especially in water-limited regions,due to the influence of climate ***,considerable uncertainty remains regarding the patterns in species-specific responses to extreme ***,we conducted a study integrating dendrochronology and remote sensing methods to investigate the mosaic-distributed maple-oak(native)natural forests and poplar plantations(introduced)in the Horqin Sandy Land,Northeast *** assessed the impacts of extreme droughts on tree performances by measuring interannual variations in radial growth and vegetation *** results showed that precipitation and self-calibrated palmer drought severity index(scPDSI)are the major factors influencing tree-ring width index(RWI)and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI).The severe droughts between 2000 and 2004 resulted in reduced RWI in the three studied tree species as well as led to NDVI reductions in both the maple-oak natural forests and the poplar *** RWI reached the nadir during the2000-2004 severe droughts and remained at low levels two years after the severe drought,creating a legacy *** contrast to the lack of significant correlation between RWI and scPDSI,NDVI exhibited a significant positive correlation with scPDSI indicating the greater sensitivity of canopy performance to droughts than radial ***,interspecific differences in RWI and NDVI responses were observed,with the fast-growing poplar species experiencing a more significant RWI decrease and more negative NDVI anomaly during severe droughts than native species,highlighting the species-specific trade-offs between drought resilience and growth *** study emphasizes the importance of combining tree-level radial growth with landscape-scale canopy remote sensing to understand forest resilience and *** study improves our understanding of forest responses to extreme drought and highlights species di

关键词： Introduced tree species Native tree species NDVI Severe drought Tree-ring width

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Utilizing sediment grain size characteristics to assess the effectiveness of clay–sand barriers in reducing aeolian erosion in Minqin desert area,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第5期16卷 668-684页

作者： SONG Dacheng ZHAO Wenzhi LI Guangyu WEI Lemin WANG Lide YANG Jingyi WU Hao MA Quanlin College of forestry Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Gansu Hexi Corridor Forest Ecosystem National Research station Gansu Desert Control Research InstituteLanzhou 730070China Linze Inland River Basin Research station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

The clay–sand barriers in Minqin desert area,China,represent a pioneering windbreak and sand fixation project with a venerable history of 60 ***,studies on evaluating the long-term effectiveness of clay–sand barriers against aeolian erosion,particularly from the perspective of surface sediment grain size,are limited and thus insufficient to ascertain the protective impact of these barriers on regional aeolian *** study focused on the surface sediments(topsoil of 0–3 cm depth)of clay–sand barriers in Minqin desert area to explain their erosion resistance from the perspective of surface sediment grain *** March 2023,six clay–sand barrier sampling plots with clay–sand barriers of different deployment durations(1,5,10,20,40,and 60 a)were selected as experimental plots,and one control sampling plot was set in an adjacent mobile sandy area without sand *** sediment samples were collected from the topsoil of each sampling plot in the study area in April 2023 and sediment grain size characteristics were *** indicated a predominance of fine and medium sands in the surface sediments of the study *** deployment of clay–sand barriers cultivated a fine quality in grain size composition of the regional surface sediments,increasing the average contents of very fine sand,silt,and clay by 30.82%,417.38%,and 381.52%,*** trend became markedly pronounced a decade after the deployment of clay–sand *** effectiveness of clay–sand barriers in erosion resistance was manifested through reduced wind velocity,the interception of sand flow,and the promotion of fine surface sediment *** particles such as medium,coarse,and very coarse sands predominantly accumulated on the external side of the barriers,while finer particles such as fine and very fine sands concentrated in the upwind(northwest)region of the *** contrast,the contents of finest particles such as silt and clay were higher in the downwind

关键词： clay-sand barriers sediment grain size grain size distribution aeolian erosion windbreak and sand fixation Minqin desert area

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