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Accident or crime?About the meaning of face injuries inflicted by blunt force

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forensic Sciences Research 2016年第1期1卷 14-21页

作者： Vera Sterzik David Duckwitz Michael Bohnert Institute of forensic medicine Cantonal HospitalSt.GallenSwitzerland Institute of forensic medicine Julius-Maximilians-UniversityWurzburgGermany

Injuries caused by blunt force are seen frequently in daily forensic ***,especially when there is less information about the surrounding circumstances,it might become difficult to figure out the cause and background of injuries:accident,criminal violence or self-infliction?In the study presented,face injuries caused by blunt force in 694 cases were analyzed comparing the injury patterns in accidents to those in *** turned out injuries of the ear and retroauricular region clearly indicate a ***,soft tissue injuries of nose,upper jaw,and lower jaw point towards a criminal violence,whereas tooth injuries occur with a similar frequency in both crimes and accidents.

关键词： forensic science blunt force facial injuries head injuries fatalities ear injury retroauricular injury accident criminal violence

Sex Identification Using Fingerprint White Line Counts in a Sample of Adult Egyptians and Malaysians

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Journal of forensic Science and medicine 2022年第3期8卷 88-96页

作者： Eman Adel Seif Wafaa Mohamed Elsehly Maii Farag Henaidy Magda Hassan Mabrouk Soffar Department of forensic medicine and Clinical Toxicology Faculty of MedicineAlexandria UniversityEgypt Faculty of medicine for Community Service and Environmental Development Department of forensic medicine Armed Faculty of MedicineMinistry of Defense

Background:Fingerprints are unique,persistent,and left on every object touched by bare *** can be used as a rapid and inexpensive method for *** study focuses on fingerprint white line counts(FWLCs)and its importance in sex *** and Objectives:This study aimed to clarify the potential ofFWLC in sex estimation among Egyptian and Malaysian ethnic *** and Methods:The study was conducted on two hundred adult participants,one hundred Egyptians and one hundred Malaysians(50 females and 50 males).Inked fingerprints of ten fingers were obtained from each participant then FWLC was extracted manually for each ***:The mean of females FWLC was significantly higher than males in all fingers in both *** of the left index was the most significant predictor of sex in Egyptians,with an accuracy of 82%for males and 78%for *** more than seven in this digit was an absolute indication of being a *** most significant predictors of sex in the Malaysian population were the left index and right ring with an accuracy of 80%for males and 71.4%for females and FWLC above six and seven in these fingers,respectively,was an absolute indication of being a *** absence ofFWLC was more common in males than females in all ***:FWLC is a reliable predictor of sex among adult Egyptian and Malaysian ethnic groups,and females tend to have more FWLC.

关键词： Fingerprint identification sex estimation white line counts

Bacterial flora of conjunctiva after death

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第5期6卷 632-636页

作者： Sagili Chandrasekhara Reddy George Paul Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya Department of forensic Pathology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya

AIM:To evaluate the frequency of bacterial flora of conjunctiva after death(cadaver eyes) which will give information about the bacterial contamination of donor eyes,and the in-vitro sensitivity of isolated bacteria to the commonly used antibiotics in ophthalmic ***:Conjunctival swabs were taken from the cadavers(motor vehicle accident deaths and patients who died in the hospital),within 6h after death,and sent for culture and sensitivity *** swabs,taken from the healthy conjunctiva of patients admitted for cataract surgery,were sent for culture and sensitivity as controls(eyes in those of living status).The bacterial isolates were tested against the commonly used antibiotics(chloramphenicol,gentamicin,ciprofloxacin) in ophthalmology ***:Bacteria were isolated in 41 out of 100 conjunctival swabs(41%),taken from 50 cadavers(study group).Coagulase negative staphylococcus was the most common bacteria isolated(15%),followed by pseudomonas aeruginosa(5%).Gentamicin was effective against majority of the bacterial isolates(82%).Bacteria were isolated from 7 out of 100 conjunctival swabs taken as control group(eyes in living state).Coagulase negative staphylococcus was the most common organism(5%) isolated in control group;the others were staphylococcus aureus(1%) and beta hemolyticus streptococci(1%).CONCLUSION:Bacteria were isolated from 41% of the cadaver *** percentage sensitivity of the bacterial isolates to gentamicin(82%) supports the practice of thorough irrigation of the eyes with gentamicin solution before starting the procedure of enucleation followed by immersion of the enucleated eyeballs in gentamycin solution,to prevent the bacterial contamination.

关键词： bacterial flora conjunctiva cadaver eyes cataract eyes

Mitophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage:a new target for therapeutic intervention

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 316-323页

作者： Yiyang Chen Wenxuan Tang Xinqi Huang Yumei An Jiawen Li Shengye Yuan Haiyan Shan Mingyang Zhang Institute of forensic Sciences Suzhou Medical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Shanghai Key Lab of forensic medicine Key Lab of Forensic ScienceMinistry of Justice(Academy of Forensic Science)ShanghaiChina Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

Intracerebral hemorrhage is a life-threatening condition with a high fatality rate and severe ***,there is currently no treatment available for intracerebral hemorrhage,unlike for other stroke *** studies have indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy likely relate to the pathophysiology of intracerebral ***,or selective autophagy of mitochondria,is an essential pathway to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis by clearing up damaged *** markedly contributes to the reduction of secondary brain injury caused by mitochondrial dysfunction after intracerebral *** review provides an overview of the mitochondrial dysfunction that occurs after intracerebral hemorrhage and the underlying mechanisms regarding how mitophagy regulates it,and discusses the new direction of therapeutic strategies targeting mitophagy for intracerebral hemorrhage,aiming to determine the close connection between mitophagy and intracerebral hemorrhage and identify new therapies to modulate mitophagy after intracerebral *** conclusion,although only a small number of drugs modulating mitophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage have been found thus far,most of which are in the preclinical stage and require further investigation,mitophagy is still a very valid and promising therapeutic target for intracerebral hemorrhage in the long run.

关键词： intracerebral hemorrhage mitochondrial dysfunction mitophagy neuroinflammation neuroprotection reactive oxygen species secondary brain injury therapeutic target

PowerPlex■ fusion 6C system: internal validation study

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forensic Sciences Research 2018年第2期3卷 130-137页

作者： Ana Boavida Vanessa Bogas Lisa Sampaio Nair Gouveia Maria J.Porto Francisco Corte-Real forensic Genetic Service Centre BranchNational Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic SciencesCoimbraPortugal

This work is aimed at describing the proceedings and parameters used to validate PowerPlex■ Fusion 6C System,the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification kit by Promega,for posterior implementation in the laboratorial routine of the forensic Genetic *** PowerPlex■ Fusion 6C System allows multiplex PCR,through simultaneous amplification and posterior detection by fluorescence of 27 *** of the kit was made according to the laboratory's internal validation procedure based on validation guidelines from Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis *** parameters were evaluated,such as specificity,analytical thresholds,sensitivity,precision,mixture studies,DNA control samples,a proficiency test and changes in the PCR-based procedures: final reaction volume and cycle number,changes in the reaction mixture for direct *** kit proved to be very robust and the results are in concordance with previous developmental validation by the *** some parameters,the results were better than expected.

关键词： forensic science forensic genetics PowerPlex■Fusion 6C amplification short tandem repeat sequence(STRs) validation

Long-time Fulvic Acid Supplementation Modulates Hydroxylysyl Glycosylation of Collagen in Mice

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2004年第5期24卷 427-429页

作者：朱少华朱金龙肖坚任亮刘良周亦武 Department of forensic medicine Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China Department of forensic medicine Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology

In order to investigate the impact of fulvic acid (FA) on the hydroxylysyl glycosylation in collagen bio-synthesis, 40 NMRI mice were divided into two groups (n=20 in each group, consisting 10 females and 10 males). The animal was maintained for two generations by different diets: control group with normal water and food and study group with water containing 30mg/L FA and normal food. The second generation of the animal was slaughtered, and the biochemical parameters of collagen content and the degree of collagen hydroxylysyl glycosylation in skin, rib and tibia were detected by biochemical methods. The mean value of collagen in the study group was increased slightly, and no significant difference between study group and control group was found (P> 0.05), but the content of glucose-glactose-hydroxylysine (GGH) was significantly decreased in the study group in comparison with the control group (P<0.01). It was suggested that through the decrease of GGH 30 mg/L FA could inhibit the activity of galactosyl-hydroxylysylglucosyl-transferase and further disturb the post-translational modification of collagen intracellularly.

关键词： fulvic acid collagen Kashin-Beck disease

Brain activity following esophageal acid infusion using positron emission tomography

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5481-5489页

作者： Shigeyuki Kobayashi Yasuhiko Abe Manabu Tashiro Tomoyuki Koike Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Shuichi Ohara Satoshi Watanabe Shin Fukudo Tooru Shimosegawa division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine division of Cyclotron Nuclear medicine Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University division of Behavioral medicine Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate symptoms and brain activity following esophageal acid infusion. METHODS: Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. Hydrochloric acid (pH 1 and 2) and distilled water (pH 7) were randomly and repeatedly infused into the esophagus. The brain activity was evaluated by positron emission tomography. The severity of heartburn elicited by the infusion was rated on an auditory analog scale of ***: The severity of heartburn following each infusion showed a step-wise increase with increasing acidity of the perfusate. The heartburn scores were significantly higher in the second pH 1 infusion compared with the first infusion. Acid and distilled water infusion induced activation of various brain areas such as the anterior insula, temporal gyrus, and anterior/ posterior cingulate cortex. At pH 1 or 2, in particular, activation was observed in some emotion-related brain areas such as the more anterior part of the anterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, or the temporal pole. Strong activation of the orbitofrontal cortex was found by subtraction analysis of the two second pH 1 infusions, with a significant increase of heartburn symptoms. CONCLUSION: Emotion-related brain areas were activated by esophageal acid stimulation. The orbitofrontal area might be involved in symptom processing, with esophageal sensitization induced by repeated acid stimulation.

关键词： Esophageal acid infusion Brain imaging Positron emission tomography

Research progress of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in patients with psychiatric disorders

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forensic Sciences Research 2021年第2期6卷 141-147页

作者： Fan Chang Haozhe Li Shengyu Zhang Chen Chen Chao Liu Weixiong Cai Shanghai Key Lab of forensic medicine Key Lab of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceShanghaiChina School of Mental Health Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)is a technique of detecting cerebral cortical function by using near-infrared light,which is a multifunctional neuroimaging technique and provides a convenient and efficient detection method in *** consideration of acceptability,safety,high spatial and temporal resolutions compared with electroencephalogram(EEG)and functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI),fNIRS is widely used to study different psychiatric disorders,most prominently affective disorders,schizophrenic illnesses,brain organic mental disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders,*** article focuses on the latest research progress and practical application of fNIRS in psychiatric disorders,especially traumatic brain,including studies on the characterization of phenomenology,treatment effects and descriptions of neuroimaging data.

关键词： forensic sciences psychiatric disorder functional near-infrared spectroscopy traumatic brain injury

Regulatory variation within 3’UTR of STAT5A correlates with sudden cardiac death in Chinese populations

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forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 726-735页

作者： Huan Yu Yadong Guo Zhenzhen Yang Qing Zhang Jiabin Xu Qi Yang Yiling Qu Rui Tan Lijuan Li Yan He Chengtao Li Suhua Zhang Bin Luo Yuzhen Gao Department of forensic medicine Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Department of forensic Science School of Basic Medical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina Public Security Bureau of Taixing TaizhouChina Department of Epidemiology Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of forensic medicine Academy of Forensic ScienceShanghaiChina Faculty of forensic medicine Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

Definitive diagnosis to sudden cardiac death(SCD)is often challenging since the postmortem examination on SCD victims could hardly demonstrate an adequate cause of *** is therefore important to uncover the inherited risk component to *** transducer and activators of transcription 5 A(STAT5A)is a member of the STAT family and a transcription factor that is activated by many cell ligands and associated with various cardiovascular *** this study,we performed a systematic variant screening on the STAT5A to filter potential functional genetic *** on the screening results,an insertion/deletion polymorphism(rs3833144)in 3’UTR of STAT5A was selected as the candidate variant.A total of 159 SCD cases and 668 SCD matched healthy controls was enrolled to perform a case-control study and evaluate the association between rs3833144 and SCD susceptibility in Chinese *** regression analysis showed that the deletion allele of rs3833144 had significantly increased the SCD risk(odds ratio(OR)=1.54;95%confidence interval(CI)=1.18-2.01;P=0.000955).Further genotype-expression eQTL analysis showed that samples with deletion allele appeared to lower expression of STAT5A,and in silico prediction suggested the local 3 D structure changes of STAT5A mRNA caused by the *** the other hand,the bioinformatic analysis presented that promoters of RARA and PTGES3L-AARSD1 could interact with rs3833144,and eQTL analysis showed the higher expression of both genes in samples with deletion ***-luciferase activity assays also suggested the significant regulatory role of rs3833144 in gene *** current data thus suggested a possible involvement of rs3833144 to SCD predisposition in Chinese populations and rs3833144 with potential function roles may become a candidate marker for SCD diagnosis and prevention.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic genetics STAT5A 3’UTR rs3833144 sudden cardiac death indel polymorphism