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Rumen-protected methionine during the peripartal period in dairy cows and its effects on abundance of major species of ruminal bacteria

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 460-466页

作者： Mohamed K.Abdelmegeid Ahmed A.Elolimy Zheng Zhou Vincenzo Lopreiato Joshua C.Mc Cann Juan J.Loor Department of Animal sciences Mammalian Nutri Physio GenomicsUniversity of Illinois Department of Animal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Kafrelsheikh University Department of Animal and veterinary sciences Clemson University Department of Health Science Interdepartmental Services Centre of Veterinary for Human and Animal Health Magna Gr?cia University of Catanzaro Division of Nutritional sciences Illinois Informatics Institute University of Illinois

Background: Extensive degradation of amino acids in the rumen via microbial deamination decreases the postruminal availability of dietary indispensable amino acids. Together with the normal decrease in voluntary dry matter intake(DMI) around parturition in dairy cows, microbial metabolism contributes to a markedly negative balance of indispensable amino acids, including methionine which may be the first-limiting for milk production. The main objective of the current study was to profile changes in major bacterial species with key functions in cel ulose and hemicel ulose digestion, xylan breakdown, proteolytic action, propionic acid production, lactate utilization and ruminal biohydrogenation in cows supplemented with rumen-protected Methionine(SM; Smartamine M, Adisseo NA, Alpharetta,GA, USA) from-23 through 30 d relative to parturition. Because ~90% of the methionine in SM bypasses the rumen,~10% of the methionine is released into the rumen and can be utilized by ***: As expected, there was an increase in overall DMI after parturition(Day, P < 0.05) during which cows consumed on average 19.6 kg/d versus 13.9 kg/d in the prepartum period. The postpartum diet contained greater concentrations of lipid and highly-fermentable carbohydrate from corn grain, which likely explains the increases in the relative abundance of Anaerovibrio lipolytica, Megasphaera elsdenii, Prevotella bryantii, Selenomonas ruminantium,Streptococcus bovis, and Succinimonas amylolytica. Despite similar DMI prepartum, cows fed SM had greater(Treatment × Day, P < 0.05) abundance prepartum of Fibrobacter succinogenes, Succinimonas amylolytica, and Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens. However, the greater DMI in cows fed SM after parturition(19.6 kg/d versus 13.9 kg/d) was associated with lower abundance of Fibrobacter succinogenes(2.13 × 10-3 versus 2.25 × 10-4) and Selenomonas ruminantium(2.98 × 10-1 versus 4.10 × 10-1). A lower abundance(Day, P < 0.05) was detected on d 20 compared with d-10

关键词： Microbiome Rumen microbes Transition cow

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Antimicrobial activity and mode of action of terpene linalyl anthranilate against carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第2期11卷 210-219页

作者： Shun-Kai Yang Khatijah Yusoff Mokrish Ajat Wai-Sum Yap Swee-Hua Erin Lim Kok-Song Lai Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of veterinary Preclinical sciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied SciencesUCSI University56000CherasKuala LumpurMalaysia Health sciences Division Abu Dhabi Women’s CollegeHigher Colleges of Technology41012Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Mining of plant-derived antimicrobials is the major focus at current to counter antibiotic resistance. This study was conducted to characterize the antimicrobial activity and mode of action of linalyl anthranilate(LNA) against carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae(KPC-KP). LNA alone exhibited bactericidal activity at 2.5%(V/V), and in combination with meropenem(MPM) at 1.25%(V/V). Comparative proteomic analysis showed a significant reduction in the number of cytoplasmic and membrane proteins,indicating membrane damage in LNA-treated KPC-KP cells. Up-regulation of oxidative stress regulator proteins and down-regulation of oxidative stress-sensitive proteins indicated oxidative stress. Zeta potential measurement and outer membrane permeability assay revealed that LNA increases both bacterial surface charge and membrane permeability. Ethidium bromide influx/efflux assay showed increased uptake of ethidium bromide in LNA-treated cells, inferring membrane damage. Furthermore, intracellular leakage of nucleic acid and proteins was detected upon LNA treatment. Scanning and transmission electron microscopies again revealed the breakage of bacterial membrane and loss of intracellular materials. LNA was found to induce oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species(ROS) that initiate lipid peroxidation and damage the bacterial membrane. In conclusion, LNA generates ROS, initiates lipid peroxidation, and damages the bacterial membrane, resulting in intracellular leakage and eventually killing the KPC-KP cells.

关键词： Comparative proteomic KPC-KP Linalyl anthranilate Membrane damage ROS

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The complexities underlying age-related macular degeneration： could amyloid beta play an important role？

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第4期12卷 538-548页

作者： Savannah A. Lynn Eloise Keeling Rosie Munday Gagandeep Gabha Helen Griffiths Andrew J.Lotery J.Arjuna Ratnayaka Clinical and experimental sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom Eye Unit University Southampton NHS Trust Southampton United Kingdom

e-related macular degeneration （AMD） causes irreversible loss of central vision for which there is no effective treatment. Incipient pathology is thought to occur in the retina for many years before AMD manifests from midlife onwards to affect a large proportion of the elderly. Although genetic as well as non-genetic/environmental risks are recognized, its complex aetiology makes it difficult to identify susceptibility, or indeed what type of AMD develops or how quickly it progresses in different individuals. Here we summarize the literature describing how the Alzheimer＇s-linked amyloid beta （Aβ） group of misfolding proteins accumulate in the retina. The discovery of this key driver of Alzheimer＇s disease in the senescent retina was unexpected and surprising, enabling an altogether different perspective of AMD. We argue that Aβ fundamentally differs from other substances which accumulate in the ageing retina, and discuss our latest findings from a mouse model in which physiological amounts of Aβ were subretinally-injected to recapitulate salient features of early AMD within a short period. Our discoveries as well as those of others suggest the pattern of Aβ accumulation and pathology in donor aged/AMD tissues are closely reproduced in mice, including late-stage AMD phenotypes, which makes them highly attractive to study dynamic aspects of Aβ-mediated retinopathy. Furthermore, we discuss our findings revealing how Aβ behaves at single-cell resolution, and consider the long-term implications for neuroretinal function. We propose Aβ as a key element in switching to a diseased retinal phenotype, which is now being used as a biomarker for latestage AMD.

关键词： amyloid beta (Aβ) retinal neurons retina mouse models age related macular degeneration(AMD)

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Dermoid cyst in a domestic shorthair cat

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第3期2卷 247-249页

作者： Akhtardanesh B Kheirandish R Azari O Department of Clinical sciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineShahid Bahonar University of Kerman Department of Pathobiology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineShahid Bahonar University of Kerman

A S-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat was presented for examination of a subcutaneous mass in his *** mass was firm,non-painful,oval,and approximately 2.5×3.5 cm. Surgical exploration revealed a well-circumscribed,encapsulated *** mass was removed and sectioned for histopathological *** gross section,it was filled with numerous dark *** the mass was consisted of haired skin with dermal cystic structures lined by stratified squamous *** cyst lumen contained squamous debris and filled with keratinous *** hair shafts were extended from the wall of the *** sebaceous and apocrine gland adnexal structures were also observed which confirmed the diagnosis of dermoid *** tumor recurrence was observed after surgery in fallowing *** or subcutaneous cysts of all types are considered rare in cats and to our knowledge this is the third reported case of cutaneous dermoid cyst of cats in veterinary literature which is different from the other cases because it occurred in dorsal midline in tail area whereas other's occurred in flank area.

关键词： Cutaneous dermoid cyst Cat Feline medicine Shorthair cat Dermoid cyst Histopathology

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Oxytocin in pig seminal plasma is positively related with in vivo fertility of inseminated sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 430-440页

作者： Lorena Padilla Marina López-Arjona Silvia Martinez-Subiela Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez Jordi Roca Isabel Barranco Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MurciaE-30100 MurciaSpain Department of Biomedical&Clinical sciences(BKV) BKH/Obstetrics&GynaecologyFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesLinköping UniversitySE-58185 LinköpingSweden Department of veterinary Medical sciences University of BolognaIT-40064 Ozzano dell’EmiliaBolognaItaly

Background:Identification of relevant in vivo biomarkers for fertility remains a challenge for the livestock *** of the small peptide hormone oxytocin(OXT),involved in male reproductive function and present in the seminal plasma(SP)of several species could be a robust *** study characterized concentrations of SPOXT in ejaculates from boars used in artificial insemination(AI)programs aiming to evaluate its relationship with sperm quality variables and in vivo fertility of their liquid-stored *** OXT concentrations(ng/mL)were measured in 169 ejaculates from 61 boars of the Duroc,Pietrain,Landrace and Large White breeds using a direct competitive immunoassay test based on AlphaLISA®***(ejaculate volume,sperm concentration,total sperm count)and sperm parameters(motility,viability,intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species,plasma membrane fluidity)were assessed at 0 h and 72 h in AI-semen samples stored at 17℃.In vivo fertility included only 18 Large White and Landrace boars whose AI-semen was used to inseminated>100 sows and evaluated both farrowing rate and litter size of 3,167 ***:The results showed that SP-OXT differed between boars and between ejaculates within boar(P<0.05)but not between breeds(Duroc,Pietrain,Landrace and Large White).Ejaculates with higher SP-OXT concentration/mL(hierarchically grouped;P<0.001)had larger volume and came from younger boars(P<0.05).Ejaculates of boars showing positive farrowing rate deviation exhibited higher(P<0.05)SP-OXT concentration/mL than those with negative farrowing rate ***:The SP concentrations of OXT are boar,ejaculate and age dependent,and positively related with ejaculate volume and farrowing rates of liquid-stored semen AI-doses.

关键词： Artificial insemination Ejaculate Fertility Oxytocin Pig Semen quality Seminal plasma

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Programmed cell death in seeds of angiosperms

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第12期57卷 996-1002页

作者： María Paula López-Fernández Sara Maldonado Laboratory of Plant Development Department of Biodiversity and Experimental Biology Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences University of Buenos Aires National Research Council of Argentine (CONICET)

During the diversification of angiosperms, seeds have evolved structuralp chemical, molecular and physiolog- ically developing changes that specially affect the nucellus and endosperm. All through seed evolution, programmed celldeath （PCD） has played a fundamental role. However, examples of PCD during seed development are limited. The present review examines PCD in integuments, nucellus, suspensor and endosperm in those representative examples of seeds studied to date.

关键词： Caspases endosperm KDEL-CysEP metacaspases nucellus nucleases programmed cell death perisperm ricinosomes

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In vitro Ruminal Gas Production Kinetics of Four Fodder Trees Ensiled With or Without Molasses and Urea

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第7期12卷 1234-1242页

作者： Abdelfattah Z M Salem ZHOU Chuan-she TAN Zhi-liang Miguel Mellado Moises Cipriano Salazar Mona M M Y Elghandopur Nicholas E Odongo faculty of veterinary and Livestock Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Animal Nutrition Autonomous Agrarian University Antonio Narro faculty of veterinary and Livestock Autonomous University of Guerrero

This study investigated if the addition of urea （U）, molasses （M） or their 1：1 （v/v） mixture during ensiling increases the nutritional value of forage from four fodder trees （Prunus persica, Leucaena esculenta, Acacia farnesiana, and Prunus domestica）. Forage samples of fodder trees were collected in triplicate （three individual samples of each species） and subjected to an in vitro gas production （GP） procedure. Fermentation at 24 h （GP 24）, short-chain volatile fatty acids （SCFA）, and microbial crude protein production （MCP）, in vitro organic matter digestibility （OMD）, metabolizable energy （ME） and dry matter degradability （DMD） were estimated. Forage samples were incubated for 72 h in an incubator at 39oC and the volume of GP was recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation using the reading pressure technique. The rumen fermentation profiles were highest for P. persica, which showed the highest （P〈0.0001） DMD, ME, OMD, SCFA, GP 24 and MCP. On the other hand L. esculenta had the lowest （P〈0.0001） DMD, SCFA, MCP; P. domestica had the lowest （P〈0.0001） OMD. The addition of M to silage increased （P〈0.0001） ME and OMD, as well as GP. However, the addition of U and the mixture of U and M reduced （P〈0.0001） DMD, ME, OMD, SCFA, GY 24 and MCP. These results show that P. persica has the highest nutritive value and L. esculenta the lowest for ruminants. Additionally, the addition of M to forage from fodder trees increases rumen GP and fermentation, which may improve nutrient utilization in ruminants.

关键词： fodder trees urea molasses gas production

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Successful embryo transfer in Tianzhu white yak using standard protocol

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Science China(Life sciences) 2007年第5期50卷 655-659页

作者： YU SiJiu JU XiangHong WANG LiBin FAN JiangFeng faculty of veterinary Medicine Gansu Agriculture University Lanzhou 730070 China Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Gansu Agriculture University Lanzhou 730070 China Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Gansu Agriculture University Lanzhou 730070 China Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Gansu Agriculture University Lanzhou 730070 China

The present study was carried out to investigate the efficiency of superovulation, oestrus synchroni-zation, and embryo recovery in Tianzhu white yaks and also to confirm the pregnancy rate of black yaks, to which embryos collected from white yaks were transplanted. Forty-seven yaks were selected from different experiment groups, including 10 Tianzhu white female yaks (donor, group A) and 37 black female yaks (recipient, groups B and C). Superovulation of the donor was induced by the application procedure of CIDR-B + FSH + PG. Oestrus synchronization of recipients was induced using two meth-ods: group B was given the same treatment as group A, except that the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) injection was not administered, whereas group C was injected with cloprostenol only once when corpus luteum (corpora lutea) was (were) palpated. The results showed that the oestrous rates in group A were higher (80%) than those in group B (60%) and group C (44.5%). As for the efficiency of su-perovulation, it was indicated that the mean numbers (±SD) of total corpora lutea, follicles, viable (transferable), and degenerated embryos were 4.75 ± 2.19, 1.13 ± 0.83, 2.50 ± 1.31, and 1.38 ± 0.92, re-spectively. The mean embryo recovery rates were 55.6%. All together, 18 viable embryos of Tianzhu white yak were obtained and 12 of them were transplanted to 10 recipients. The pregnancy rate was 50% and the delivery rate was 40%.

关键词： Tianzhu white yak, superovulation, oestrus synchronization, embryo transfer

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Assessment of spermatogenesis in camels via seminiferous tubule staging and testosterone profiling

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第3期13卷 133-142页

作者： Saif Ullah Abdul Quddus Quanwei Wei Wael Ennab Sheeraz Mustafa Jiahao Sun Rahmani Mohammad Malyar Abdul Baseer Dagan Mao Fangxiong Shi College of Animal Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China faculty of veterinary and Animal sciences Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine SciencesBalochistanPakistan faculty of veterinary and Animal sciences Ziaddin University Karachi Pakistan

Objective:To investigate the successive morphological stages of spermatogenesis,hormonal regulation,and testosterone profile in dromedary camel ***:Testicular tissue samples were obtained from 12 dromedary bull camels aged 7 to 8 at a local *** histological assessment involved tissue processing,hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,and examination under a *** analysis,germ cell identification,and assessment of seminiferous tubules and maturation were *** assay was performed by radioimmunoassay using blood samples collected at regular ***:The study revealed 12 phases of the dromedary camel's seminiferous epithelium cycle,highlighting distinct morphological characteristics and cellular *** migration,maturation,cap formation,and the Golgi-mediated synthesis of proacrosomal vesicles were also explained in dimension,as were the steps of acrosome *** and mature sperm cells were present when spermatogenesis phases were *** analysis of the dimensions of seminiferous tubules revealed specific measures for diameter,area,and epithelial height about luminal ***,there were noticeable variations in the serum testosterone concentrations during the study period,indicating temporal ***:This study outlines the spermatogenesis process in dromedary camels across 12 stages,emphasizing cellular dynamics and acrosomal *** also provides seminiferous tubule measurements and observes seasonal testosterone fluctuations,offering insights into reproductive regulation and potential strategies for camel breeding conservation.

关键词： Spermatogenesis Camel Testosterone profile Morphological staging

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Non-ischemic priapism in dog: Case report

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2018年第1期7卷 47-48页

作者： El-Sherry TM Abdel-Ghani MA Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiutEgypt Laboratory of Theriogenology Department of Clinical SciencesDivision of Veterinary MedicineFaculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan

Bulldog with unilateral cryptorchidism was admitted to our clinic suffering from a persistent erection for 2 d. The animal was left for the first time for breeding without observation. Penis was hyperaemic, oedematous with area of mucous membrane necrosis and swollen bulbus glandis. Doppler ultrasound was optimized to allow adequate recognition of blood flow sensitive for slow flow on the head, shaft of the penis and bulbus glandis. Penis showed unsymmetrical blood flow that started in the left side of the bulbus glandis, and continue to the shaft until the gland penis;whereas, the other half of the penis showed no blood flow. Using Doppler ultrasonography was useful for diagnosis of the blood flow pattern that was beneficial to give the appropriate treatment.

关键词： Dog Priapism Doppler

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