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Productive Response and Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows Subjected to Different Feeding Systems

Open Journal of animal Sciences 2020年第1期10卷 10-32页

作者： Eloy Eduardo Salado Martín Guillermo Maciel Gustavo Bretschneider Alejandra Cuatrin Gerardo Antonio Gagliostro Area de Investigación en Producción animal Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Rafaela Argentina Agencia de Extensión Rural Necochea Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Necochea Argentina Area de Investigación en Producción animal Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Balcarce Argentina

Fifty Holstein cows (2.6 ± 1.0 lactations) in early lactation (52.6 ± 16.4 days in milk) calved in autumn and producing 34.3 (±4.4) kg milk per cow·day-1 were randomly assigned for 27 weeks to one of two treatments (feeding systems) in 10 groups (pens) of 5 animals each (5 groups/treatment). The confined treatment was a total mixed ration (TMR_100) whereas the supplemented grazing system was defined by a partially mixed ration (PMR_75) with 75% TMR and 25% oat pasture (Avena sativa L.) during the autum-winter (Period I) and alfalfa pasture (Medicago sativa L.) plus concentrate (7.0 kg per cow·day-1) (P + C) during the next spring (Period II). Milk production was daily and individually recorded throughout the trial while the chemical composition of milk was measured on individual samples every 2 weeks. Live weight (LW) and body condition score (BCS) using a scale of 1 to 5 were recorded every 3 weeks after the morning milking. Simultaneously, blood samples were taken for determinations of glucose, urea, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), insulin, somatotrophin (GH) and somatomedin C (IGF-I). Total DM intake was measured using the difference method four times per repetition in the months of July, August, September and October. The experimental herd was inseminated at fixed time at the start of the service (May-July) and on the return with estrus detection. The diagnosis of pregnancy was made by transrectal ultrasonography at 30 and 60 days after the start of the service. The productive data were analyzed according to a model with repeated observations in time adjusted by covariate with 2 periods and using the animal as the experimental unit. Data of DM intake were analyzed using ANOVA for 2 treatments with 5 repetitions. Cows from the TMR_100 group produced more milk (kg·cow-1·day-1) during Period I (33.7 vs. 32.3) and Period II (28.8 vs. 27.8) (P ·cow-1·day-1) in Periods I (1.33 vs. 1.24) and II (1.10 vs. 0.92) and for milk protein (1.19 vs. 1.13

关键词： Milk Yield Reproduction Dairy Cow Feeding Systems

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Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Properties of a Traditional Turkey Cheese Tomas/Serto （Dorak）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2016年第2期6卷 129-134页

作者： Ayse Burcu Kurtulgan Abdullah Dikici Department of Food Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tunceli University Tunceli 62100 Turkey Department of Food Engineering Faculty of Engineering Usak University Usak 64100 Turkey

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production of short chain fatty acids and vitamin B_(12) during the in-vitro digestion and fermentation of probiotic chocolate

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 688-699页

作者： Md Nur Hossain Chaminda Senaka Ranadheera Zhongxiang Fang Said Ajlouni School of Agriculture & Food Faculty of Veterinary & Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC3010Australia Institute of Food Science and Technology Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchDhaka1205Bangladesh

The prebiotic functions of chocolate to improve the function and health benefit of the chocolate when enriched with probiotics has not been fully *** study investigated the role of chocolates enriched with probiotics in the production of SCFAs and vitamin B_(12) during the in-vitro colonic *** probiotic bacteria were encapsulated using a mixture of cocoa powder(10%),FOS(2%)and Na-alginate(1%)before added to *** results revealed that encapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium animalis *** BB12 produced significantly higher amounts(1876.5±105.16 and 1348.51±77.37 mmol,respectively)of acetic acid after 48h of colonic *** with encapsulated BB12,La5,Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis and Streptococcus thermophilus yielded higher amounts of propionic,isobutyric,butyric and isovaleric ***-chocolates with 70%cocoa produced significantly more acetic,propionic,and butyric acids than that of 45%***,Probiotic-chocolates with 45%cocoa produced greater amounts of vitamin B_(12) than 70%*** data demonstrate that probiotic-chocolate could be a functional snack with additional health benefits.

关键词： Chocolates Gastrointestinal digestion Colonic fermentation Gut microbiota Short chain fatty acids Vitamin B_(12)

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Effect of dietary supplementation with yeast cell wall extracts on performance and gut response in broiler chickens

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 736-746页

作者： A.Pascual M.Pauletto M.Giantin G.Radaelli C.Ballarin M.Birolo C.Zomeño M.Dacasto M.Bortoletti M.Vascellari G.Xiccato A.Trocino Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science(BCA) University of PadovaViale dell’Università16I-35020 LegnaroPadovaItaly department of agronomy foodnatural resourcesanimaland environment(dafnae)university of padovaviale dell’università16i-35020 legnaropadovaitaly histopathology department istituto zooprofilattico sperimentale delle venezieviale dell’università10i-35020 legnaropadovaitaly

Background:The dietary supplementation of yeast cell wall extracts(YCW)has been found to reduce pathogenic bacteria load,promote immunoglobulin production,prevent diseases by pro-inflammatory responses,and alter gut microbiota *** study evaluated growth and slaughter results,health,gut morphology,immune status and gut transcriptome of 576 male chickens fed two diets,i.e.C(control)or Y(with 250–500 g/t of YCW fractions according to the growth period).At 21 and 42 d the jejunum of 12 chickens per diet were sampled and stained with hematoxylin/eosin for morphometric evaluation,with Alcian-PAS for goblet cells,and antibodies against CD3+intraepithelial T-cells and CD45+intraepithelial *** jejunum sampled at 42 d were also used for wholetranscriptome ***:Dietary YCW supplementation did not affect final live weight,whereas it decreased feed intake(114 to 111 g/d;P≤0.10)and improved feed conversion(1.74 to 1.70;P≤0.01).Regarding the gut,YCW supplementation tended to increase villi height(P=0.07);it also increased the number of goblet cells and reduced the density of CD45+cells compared to diet C(P<0.001).In the gut transcriptome,four genes were expressed more in broilers fed diet Y compared to diet C,*** P450,family 2,subfamily C,polypeptide 23b(CYP2C23B),tetratricopeptide repeat domain 9(TTC9),basic helix-loop-helix family member e41(BHLHE41),and the metalloreductase *** one gene set(HES_PATHWAY)was significantly enriched among the transcripts more expressed in broilers fed diet ***,a total of 41 gene sets were significantly over-represented among genes up-regulated in control ***,several enriched gene sets are implicated in immune functions and related to NF-κB signaling,apoptosis,and interferon ***:The dietary YCW supplementation improved broiler growth performance,increased gut glycoconjugate secretion and reduced the inflammatory status together with differences in the gut tran

关键词： Gut morphometry Immuno-histochemistry Saccharomyces cerevisiae Transcriptomic analysis

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Development Program of Chemical Industry Based Computer Assisted Instruction for Students of Industrial Engineering Department in Indonesia

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2016年第6期6卷 327-335页

作者： Leola Dewiyani Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan Ery Diniardi Industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta Jakarta Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta Jakarta Indonesia

This study aims to improve the competence of students of the Department of Industrial Engineering in Indonesia in the subject of Chemical Industry, in particular through the model-based teaching materials CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) in the form of an interactive CD. In particular, the study was carried out for the purposes of: 1) designing and developing models of devices based learning CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) systematically in prototype form, 2) producing an interactive CD as a model learning devices Chemical Industry based CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) to improve the competence of students of the Department of Industrial Engineering in Industrial chemistry courses. The benefits of this research are: 1) for the government, the results of this study can be used as a reference in implementing educational policies, especially to enhance the nation’s competitiveness in the era of informatics;and 2) for the Department of Industrial Engineering in Indonesia, the results of this research can be used to enhance learning that can improve the competence of students in the subject of Chemical Industry, which in turn can be passed with high achievement. Products produced in the first year are a design-based teaching materials CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) in prototype form, with the following steps: 1) pre- production which includes needs analysis, identifying and analyzing the needs based on the content of curriculum and learning model based CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction), the development of a concept related to Chemical Industry, the development of multimedia content that includes developing materials, animation, and evaluation related to industrial chemicals, gathering material to make the recording sound, shooting, and editing with regard to the development of teaching materials chemical Industry based CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction), as well as developing the storyboard as the layout of the multimedia contents by involving experts

关键词： Development Competence Industry CAI Chemical

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Implementation of HACCP Plan for the production of Egyptian Kishk (A Traditional Fermented Cereal-Milk Mixture)

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第13期7卷 1262-1275页

作者： Mohamed M. Abd El-Razik Mohamed F. Y. Hassan Mohamed G. E. Gadallah Department of Food Science Faculty of Agriculture Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Qassim University Buraydah KSA Department of Dairy Science Faculty of Agriculture Sohag University Sohag Egypt

The aim of this study is implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system during production of Egyptian Kishk on small scale production. Kishk is a traditional dry fermented product consisted from salted sour butter milk (Laban zeer) or yoghurt with cracked and bran free parboiled wheat grains (Burghol);the mixture of cereal and milk allows fermenting at ambient temperature for different periods, then the fermented mixture is formed in ball form and dried. Kishk is consumed in Egypt and in most Arab countries. Since Kishk is prepared by traditional and consumed widely, safety of this product is very important in terms of consumer health. Therefore, HACCP system as food safety tool was adopted during preparation of Kishk. Hazard analysis of raw materials and during different production steps was established. A simple HACCP plan was implemented;critical control points of production were determined;critical limits, corrective actions and monitoring procedures for each critical control points were established;verification procedures were also discussed.

关键词： HACCP Kishk Safety Verification

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Studying host genetic background effects on multimorbidity of intestinal cancer development,type 2 diabetes and obesity in response to oral bacterial infection and high-fat diet using the collaborative cross(CC)lines

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animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2021年第1期4卷 27-39页

作者： Asal Milhem Hanifa J.Abu Toamih-Atamni Luna Karkar Yael Houri-Haddad Fuad A.Iraqi Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel-Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Prosthodontics Dental SchoolThe Hebrew UniversityHadassah JerusalemIsrael

Background:Multimorbidity of intestinal cancer(IC),type 2 diabetes(T2D)and obesity is a complex set of diseases,affected by environmental and genetic risk ***-fat diet(HFD)and oral bacterial infection play important roles in the etiology of these diseases through inflammation and various biological ***:To study the complexity of this multimorbidity,we used the collaborative cross(CC)mouse genetics reference *** aimed to study the multimorbidity of IC,T2D,and obesity using CC lines,measuring their responses to HFD and oral bacterial *** study used 63 mice of both sexes generated from two CC lines(IL557 and IL711).For 12 weeks,experimental mice were maintained on specific dietary regimes combined with co-infection with oral bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum,while control groups were not *** weight(BW)and results of a intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test(IPGTT)were recorded at the end of 12 weeks,after which length and size of the intestines were assessed for polyp ***:Polyp counts ranged between 2 and 10 per CC *** combination of HFD and infection significantly reduced(P<.01)the colon polyp size of IL557 females to 2.5 cm 2,compared to the other *** BW gain,IL557 males on HFD gained 18 g,while the females gained 10 g under the same conditions and showed the highest area under curve(AUC)values of 40000-45000(min mg/dL)in the ***:The results show that mice from different genetic backgrounds respond differently to a high fat diet and oral infection in terms of polyp development and glucose tolerance,and this effect is gender related.

关键词： high-fat diet(42%fat) intestinal cancer multimorbidity obesity oral bacterial infection type 2 diabetes(T2D)

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伊朗棉铃虫核型多角体病毒三个分离株在规模化生产中的产量参数(英文)

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昆虫学报 2013年第10期56卷 1229-1234页

作者： Ali MEHRVAR Department of Plant Protection Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Maragheh

对采自伊朗阿塞拜疆东部西红柿大田的棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera核型多角体病毒3个分离株[Maragheh(MRG),Nebrin(NBN)和Marand(MRD)]繁殖的3个主要参数(幼虫期、接种剂量和培养温度)进行了研究,以在室内条件下筛选很有前景的分离株。... 详细信息

对采自伊朗阿塞拜疆东部西红柿大田的棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera核型多角体病毒3个分离株[Maragheh(MRG),Nebrin(NBN)和Marand(MRD)]繁殖的3个主要参数(幼虫期、接种剂量和培养温度)进行了研究,以在室内条件下筛选很有前景的分离株。在测试的各龄幼虫中,5龄初期幼虫的病毒产量最高。最适接种剂量和接种温度分别为1 965.87 OB/mm2和25℃。而在所有测试中,采自Nebrin的NBN分离株在规模化生产中表现最佳。

关键词：棉铃虫核型多角体病毒规模化生产产量参数接种剂量培养温度

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Assessing the host genetic background effects on type 2 diabetes and obesity development in response to mixed–oral bacteria and high-fat diet using the collaborative cross mouse model

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animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2020年第2期3卷 152-159页

作者： Luna Karkar Hanifa JAbu-Toamih Atamni Asal Milhem Yael Houri-Haddad Fuad A.Iraqi Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel-Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Prosthodontics Dental SchoolHebrew UniversityHadassah JerusalemIsrael

Background: Host genetic background and sex, play central roles in defining the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes(T2 D), obesity and infectious diseases. Our previous studies demonstrated the utilization of genetically highly diverse inbred mouse lines, namely collaborative cross(CC), for dissecting host susceptibility for the development of T2 D and obesity, showing significant variations following high-fat(42% fat) diet(HFD). Here, we aimed to assessing the host genetic background and sex effects on T2 D and obesity development in response to oral-mixed bacterial infection and HFD using the CC *** and Methods: Study cohort consists of 97 mice from 2 CC lines(both sexes), maintained on either HFD or Standard diet(CHD) for 12 weeks. At week 5 a group of mice from each diet were infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis(Pg) and Fusobacterium nucleatum(Fn) bacteria(control groups without infection). Body weight(BW) and glucose tolerance ability were assessed at the end time point of the ***: The CC lines varied(P <.05) at their BW gain and glucose tolerance ability(with sex effect) in response to diets and/or infection, showing opposite responses despite sharing the same environmental conditions. The combination of diet and infection enhances BW accumulation for IL1912, while restraints it for IL72. As for glucose tolerance ability, only females(both lines) were deteriorated in response to ***: This study emphasizes the power of the CC mouse population for the characterization of host genetic makeup for defining the susceptibility of the individual to development of obesity and/or impaired glucose tolerance.

关键词： collaborative cross(CC)mouse model high-fat diet(HFD) mixed oral bacteria(PG and Fn) obesity sex-differences type 2 diabetes(T2D)

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Effect of vitamin D3 on production of progesterone in porcine granulosa cells by regulation of steroidogenic enzymes

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2016年第3期30卷 203-208页

作者： So-Hye Hong Jae-Eon Lee Hong Sung Kim Young-Jin Jung DaeYoun Hwang Jae Ho Lee Seung Yun Yang Seung-Chul Kim Seong-Keun Cho Beum-Soo An Department of Biomaterials Science College of Natural Resources & Life Science Pusan National University Miryang 50463 Korea Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Biomedical Research Institute Pusan National University School of Medicine Busan 46269 Korea Department of animal Science College of Natural Resources & Life Science Pusan National UniversityMiryang 50463 Korea

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 （VD3）, an active form of Vitamin D, is photosynthesized in the skin of vertebrates in response to solar ultraviolet B radiation （UV-B）. VD3 deficiency can cause health problems such as immune disease, metabolic disease, and bone disorders. It has also been demonstrated that VD3 is involved in reproductive functions. Female sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone are biosynthesized mainly in ovarian granulosa cells as the ovarian follicle develops. The functions of sex hormones include regulation of the estrus cycle and puberty as well as maintenance of pregnancy in females. In this study, we isolated granulosa cells from porcine ovaries and cultured them for experiments. To examine the effects of VD3 on ovarian granulosa cells, the mRNA and protein levels of genes were analyzed by Real-time PCR and Western blotting assay. production of progesterone from granulosa cells was also measured by ELISA assay. As a result, transcriptional and translational regulation of progesterone biosynthesis-related genes in granulosa cells was significantly altered by VD3. Furthermore, progesterone concen- trations in porcine granulosa cell-cultured media decreased in response to VD3. These results show that VD3 was a strong regulator of sex steroid hormone production in porcine granulosa cells, suggesting that vitamin D deficiency may result in inappropriate sexual development of industrial animals and eventually economic loss.

关键词： Vitamin D3 steroidogenesis progesterone granulosa cell pig

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