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Contemporary Study for Detection of COVID-19 Using Machine Learning with Explainable AI

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1075-1104页

作者： Saad Akbar Humera Azam Sulaiman Sulmi Almutairi Omar Alqahtani Habib Shah Aliya Aleryani Department of Computer Science University of KarachiKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Computing Faculty of Engineering Science and TechnologyHamdard UniversityKarachi75540Pakistan Department of Health informatics College of Applied Medical SciencesQassim UniversityQassim51452Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

The prompt spread of COVID-19 has emphasized the necessity for effective and precise diagnostic *** this article,a hybrid approach in terms of datasets as well as the methodology by utilizing a previously unexplored dataset obtained from a private hospital for detecting COVID-19,pneumonia,and normal conditions in chest X-ray images(CXIs)is proposed coupled with Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI).Our study leverages less preprocessing with pre-trained cutting-edge models like InceptionV3,VGG16,and VGG19 that excel in the task of feature *** methodology is further enhanced by the inclusion of the t-SNE(t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding)technique for visualizing the extracted image features and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization(CLAHE)to improve images before extraction of ***,an AttentionMechanism is utilized,which helps clarify how the modelmakes decisions,which builds trust in artificial intelligence(AI)*** evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach,both benchmark datasets and a private dataset obtained with permissions from Jinnah PostgraduateMedical Center(JPMC)in Karachi,Pakistan,are *** 12 experiments,VGG19 showcased remarkable performance in the hybrid dataset approach,achieving 100%accuracy in COVID-19 *** classification and 97%in distinguishing normal ***,across all classes,the approach achieved 98%accuracy,demonstrating its efficiency in detecting COVID-19 and differentiating it fromother chest disorders(Pneumonia and healthy)while also providing insights into the decision-making process of the models.

关键词： COVID-19 detection deep neural networks support vector machine CXIs InceptionV3 VGG16 VGG19 t-SNE embedding CLAHE attention mechanism XAI

Surface morphology and cell viability of samarium(Ⅲ) oxide/chromium(Ⅲ) oxide/graphene oxide/polycaprolactone targeting wound dressing

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 555-561,I0005页

作者： Muteb H.Alshammari Ahmed Onayzan Alshammari Mohamed Tharwat Elabbasy Rafat Zreiq Faris Mohammed Albati M.A.El-Morsy A.A.Menazea Department of Health informatics College of Public Health and Health InformaticsUniversity of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery College of MedicineUniversity of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia Department of Public Health College of Public Health and HealthInformaticsHalUniversityHa'il2440Saudi Arabi Food Control Department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman541350Jordan College of Shariah and Law Ha'il UniversityHa'il2440Saudi Arabia College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj Physics DepartmentPlasma Technology and Material Science UnitPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-kharj11942Saudi Arabia Physics Department Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DamittaNew Damietta34517.Egyp Spectroscopy Department Physics Research InstituteNational Research CentreDokki12622GizaEgypt

Combinations of metal and lanthanide oxides have been done through casted films for potential medical applications. In this regard, samarium(Ⅲ) oxide/chromium(Ⅲ) oxide/graphene oxide(GO)/polycaprolactone(PCL) based films nano-composites(NCs) were fabricated, pointing their utilization as a biological scaffold for wound dressing purposes. Also, samarium(Ⅲ) oxide and chromium(Ⅲ) oxide have been merged as promising optical constituents due to their unique optical behavior. The structural and compositional examination of the studied NCs was executed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman, and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM). The Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL NC exhibits a surface with a lower roughness degree owing to the presence of GO. Cr_(2)O_(3)shows size reduction upon GO insertion to reach 1.2 μm as the average grain size, whilst Sm_(2)O_(3)records an average grain size of less than 1 μm. As well, the polymeric nano-compositions exhibit variation in contact angle values that hit 29.76°± 3.52°for Sm_(2)O_(3)/PCL, and 48.62°± 1.37°for Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL as the second lowest contact angle. The optical behavior contributes to absorption edge relocation along the x-axis from 1.7 eV for pure PCL, to 2.65 eV for Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL. Regarding biological responses, the cell exposed to 2.5 μg/m L of Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL shows cell viability of 119.31%, while 5 μg/m L hits 99.6%. Additionally, the resulting cell attachment micrographs show layers of fibroblast tissue, besides the proliferation and growth of cultivated cells. Thus, the Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL scaffold provides 3D proliferation of fibroblast cells endorsing the wound healing process.

关键词： Wound healing Wound dressing Polycaprolactone Sm_(2)O_(3) Cr_(2)O_(3) Rare earths

Dysprosium oxide,alumina,and graphene oxide reinforced polycaprolactone thin films:Thermal stability,morphology,and cell viability

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1337-1343,I0005页

作者： Mohamed Tharwat Elabbasy Mohamed R.Atteya Mai A.Samak Mousa Abdelrahman Tahani AlMahmoud M.A.El-Morsy A.A.Menazea M.F.H.Abd El-Kader Department of Public Health College of Public Health and Health InformaticsUniversity of Ha'ilHa'il2440Saudi Arabia Food Control Department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Department of Physical Therapy College of Applied Medical SciencesUniversity of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia Department of Histology and Cell Biology Faculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt College of Nursing University of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj Physics DepartmentPlasma Technology and Material Science UnitPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-kharj11942Saudi Arabia Physics Department Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DamiettaNew Damietta34517Egypt Spectroscopy Department Physics Research InstituteNational Research CentreDokki12622GizaEgypt Biophysics Department Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGizaEgypt

Developing a biomaterial for wound healing applications is still a ***,dysprosium oxide(Dy_(2)O_(3)),aluminum oxide(Al_(2)O_(3)),and graphene oxide(GO)were embedded in cast films based on polycaprolactone(PCL)to be examined for wound dressing *** techniques were used to characterize the fabricated films including X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),Raman,and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),besides their biological *** thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)exhibits high thermal stability as the scaffold weight decreases slightly to 98.6%after raising the temperature from room temperature to 280℃.The cell viability was investigated and it is shown that the viable cells grow up to approximately 93%at 75μg/***,the cell attachment shows excellent behavior as the cells attach on most of the surface of the modified PCL which shows high biocompatibility.

关键词： Wound healing Polycaprolactone Dy_(2)O_(3) Al_(2)O_(3) Biocompatible Rare earths

Mechanocatalysis of CO to CO_(2)on TiO_(2)surface controlled at atomic scale

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5826-5834页

作者： Yuuki Adachi Robert Turanský Ján Brndiar Kamil Tokár Qiang Zhu Huan Fei Wen Yasuhiro Sugawara IvanŠtich Yan Jun Li Department of Applied Physics Osaka University2-1 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institute of Physics Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 84511Slovakia Institute of informatics Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 84507Slovakia faculty of Natural Sciences University of Ss.Cyril and MethodiusTrnava 91701Slovakia Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement School of Instrument and ElectronicsNorth University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

The common ways to activate a chemical reaction are by heat,electric current,or ***,mechanochemistry,where the chemical reaction is activated by applied mechanical force,is less common and only poorly understood at the atomic *** we report a tip-induced activation of chemical reaction of carbon monoxide to dioxide on oxidized rutile TiO_(2)(110)*** activation is studied by atomic force microscopy,Kelvin probe force microscopy under ultrahigh-vacuum and liquid nitrogen temperature conditions,and density functional theory(DFT)*** reaction is inferred from hysteretic behavior of frequency shift signal further supported by vector force mapping of vertical and lateral forces needed to trigger the chemical reaction with torque motion of carbon monoxide towards an oxygen *** reaction is found to proceed stochastically at very small tip-sample ***,the local contact potential difference reveals the atomic-scale charge redistribution in the reactants required to unlock the *** results open up new insights into the mechanochemistry on metal oxide surfaces at the atomic scale.

关键词： atomic resolution mechanochemistry atomic force microscopy Kelvin probe force microscopy density functional theory(DFT)simulation CO oxidation catalysis rutile TiO_(2)surface

Deep Transfer Learning Techniques in Intrusion Detection System-Internet of Vehicles: A State-of-the-Art Review

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2785-2813页

作者： Wufei Wu Javad Hassannataj Joloudari Senthil Kumar Jagatheesaperumal Kandala N.V.P.SRajesh Silvia Gaftandzhieva Sadiq Hussain Rahimullah Rabih Najibullah Haqjoo Mobeen Nazar Hamed Vahdat-Nejad Rositsa Doneva School of Information Engineering Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Department of Computer Engineering Technical and Vocational University(TVU)Tehran***Iran Department of Computer Engineering University of BirjandBirjand***Iran Department of Computer Engineering Babol BranchIslamic Azad UniversityBabol***Iran Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering CollegeSivakasi626005India School of Electronics Engineering VIT-AP UniversityNear Vijayawada522237India faculty of Mathematics and informatics University of Plovdiv Paisii HilendarskiPlovdiv4000Bulgaria Examination Branch Dibrugarh UniversityDibrugarh786004India Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of BirjandBirjand***Iran faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of BirjandBirjand***Iran Malaysian Institute of Information Technology Universiti Kuala LumpurKuala Lumpur50250Malaysia faculty of Physics and Technology University of Plovdiv Paisii HilendarskiPlovdiv4000Bulgaria

The high performance of IoT technology in transportation networks has led to the increasing adoption of Internet of Vehicles(IoV)*** functional advantages of IoV include online communication services,accident prevention,cost reduction,and enhanced traffic *** these benefits,IoV technology is susceptible to cyber-attacks,which can exploit vulnerabilities in the vehicle network,leading to perturbations,disturbances,non-recognition of traffic signs,accidents,and vehicle *** paper reviews the state-of-the-art achievements and developments in applying Deep Transfer Learning(DTL)models for Intrusion Detection Systems in the Internet of Vehicles(IDS-IoV)based on anomaly ***-IoV leverages anomaly detection through machine learning and DTL techniques to mitigate the risks posed by *** systems can autonomously create specific models based on network data to differentiate between regular traffic and *** these techniques,transfer learning models are particularly promising due to their efficacy with tagged data,reduced training time,lower memory usage,and decreased computational *** evaluate DTL models against criteria including the ability to transfer knowledge,detection rate,accurate analysis of complex data,and *** review highlights the significant progress made in the field,showcasing how DTL models enhance the performance and reliability of IDS-IoV *** examining recent advancements,we provide insights into how DTL can effectively address cyber-attack challenges in IoV environments,ensuring safer and more efficient transportation networks.

关键词： Cyber-attacks internet of things internet of vehicles intrusion detection system

Privacy-Preserving Information Fusion Technique for Device to Server-Enabled Communication in the Internet of Things:A Hybrid Approach

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1305-1323页

作者： Amal Al-Rasheed Rahim Khan Tahani Alsaed Mahwish Kundi Mohamad Hanif Md.Saad Mahidur R.Sarker Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science AbdulWali Khan University MardanMardan23200Pakistan faculty of Computing and informatics University Malaysia SabahKota KinabaluSabah88400Malaysia Applied College Taibah UniversityMadinah41477Saudi Arabia Maynooth International Engineering College Maynooth UniversityCo KildareW23 X021Irland Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangor43600Malaysia Institute of Visual informatics Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiSelangor43600Malaysia University of Design Innovation and Technology(UDIT)Av.Alfonso XIII97Madrid28016Spain

Due to the overwhelming characteristics of the Internet of Things(IoT)and its adoption in approximately every aspect of our lives,the concept of individual devices’privacy has gained prominent attention from both customers,i.e.,people,and industries as wearable devices collect sensitive information about patients(both admitted and outdoor)in smart healthcare *** addition to privacy,outliers or noise are among the crucial issues,which are directly correlated with IoT infrastructures,as most member devices are resource-limited and could generate or transmit false data that is required to be refined before processing,i.e.,***,the development of privacy-preserving information fusion techniques is highly encouraged,especially those designed for smart IoT-enabled *** this paper,we are going to present an effective hybrid approach that can refine raw data values captured by the respectivemember device before transmission while preserving its privacy through the utilization of the differential privacy technique in IoT *** window,i.e.,δi based dynamic programming methodology,is implemented at the device level to ensure precise and accurate detection of outliers or noisy data,and refine it prior to activation of the respective transmission ***,an appropriate privacy budget has been selected,which is enough to ensure the privacy of every individualmodule,i.e.,a wearable device such as a smartwatch attached to the patient’s *** contrast,the end module,i.e.,the server in this case,can extract important information with approximately the maximum level of ***,refined data has been processed by adding an appropriate nose through the Laplace mechanism to make it useless or meaningless for the adversary modules in the *** proposed hybrid approach is trusted from both the device’s privacy and the integrity of the transmitted information *** and analytical results ha

关键词： Internet of things information fusion differential privacy dynamic programming Laplace function

Financial and non-financial determinants of the indebtedness of hospitals:the case of Poland

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Journal of Management Analytics 2024年第1期11卷 26-44页

作者： Katarzyna Miszczyńska Elżbieta Antczak Department of Banking Faculty of Economics and SociologyUniversity of LodzLodzPoland Department of Spatial Econometrics Faculty of Economics and SociologyUniversity of LodzLodzPoland

The performance of Polish healthcare is still far from satisfactory,which is connected with growing indebtedness that adversely affects not only the development of healthcare but also the quality of medical services *** turn,the financial situation of hospitals depends on various indicators and the relationship between *** paper investigates the determinants of healthcare sector functioning in the context of hospitals’financial situation(dependent variable measured by total debt ratio).321 individual public units were examined between years 2007–*** specifically,the fixed effects panel data model in question measures and evaluates the impact of economic,regional,institutional,and social factors in determining the dependent *** study confirmed dependencies between financial and non-financial ratios along with their impact on the financial condition of studied *** management implications of our study lay the groundwork for the improvement of efficient resource management for public hospitals.

关键词： polish healthcare system hospitals’financial situation debt ratio panel data analysis

Effects of temperature and precipitation on drought trends in Xinjiang, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第8期16卷 1098-1117页

作者： YANG Jianhua LI Yaqian ZHOU Lei ZHANG Zhenqing ZHOU Hongkui WU Jianjun Academy of Eco-civilization Development for Jing-Jin-Ji Megalopolis Tianjin Normal UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial informatics Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044China Institute of Digital Agriculture Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021China faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The characteristics of drought in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Xinjiang),China have changed due to changes in the spatiotemporal patterns of temperature and precipitation,however,the effects of temperature and precipitation—the two most important factors influencing drought—have not yet been thoroughly explored in this *** this study,we first calculated the standard precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI)in Xinjiang from 1980 to 2020 based on the monthly precipitation and monthly average *** the spatiotemporal characteristics of temperature,precipitation,and drought in Xinjiang from 1980 to 2020 were analyzed using the Theil-Sen median trend analysis method and Mann-Kendall test.A series of SPEI-based scenario-setting experiments by combining the observed and detrended climatic factors were utilized to quantify the effects of individual climatic factor(i.e.,temperature and precipitation).The results revealed that both temperature and precipitation had experienced increasing trends at most meteorological stations in Xinjiang from 1980 to 2020,especially the spring temperature and winter *** to the influence of temperature,trends of intensifying drought have been observed at spring,summer,autumn,and annual *** addition,the drought trends in southern Xinjiang were more notable than those in northern *** 1980 to 2020,temperature trends exacerbated drought trends,but precipitation trends alleviated drought trends in *** meteorological stations in Xinjiang exhibited temperature-dominated drought trend except in winter;in winter,most stations exhibited precipitation-dominated wetting *** findings of this study highlight the importance of the impact of temperature on drought in Xinjiang and deepen the understanding of the factors influencing drought.

关键词： standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI) climate change drought characteristics trend analysis arid area temperature trend contribution analysis

High-Performance Flow Classification of Big Data Using Hybrid CPU-GPU Clusters of Cloud Environments

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1118-1137页

作者： Azam Fazel-Najafabadi Mahdi Abbasi Hani H.Attar Ayman Amer Amir Taherkordi Azad Shokrollahi Mohammad R.Khosravi Ahmed A.Solyman Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of EngineeringBu-Ali Sina UniversityHamedan ***Iran Department of Energy Engineering Zarqa UniversityZarqa 13132Jordan Department of informatics University of OsloOslo 0316Norway Department of Computer Science MalmöUniversityMalmö20506Sweden Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 261100China Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering NişantaşıUniversityIstanbul 34481742Türkiye

The network switches in the data plane of Software Defined Networking (SDN) are empowered by an elementary process, in which enormous number of packets which resemble big volumes of data are classified into specific flows by matching them against a set of dynamic rules. This basic process accelerates the processing of data, so that instead of processing singular packets repeatedly, corresponding actions are performed on corresponding flows of packets. In this paper, first, we address limitations on a typical packet classification algorithm like Tuple Space Search (TSS). Then, we present a set of different scenarios to parallelize it on different parallel processing platforms, including Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), clusters of Central Processing Units (CPUs), and hybrid clusters. Experimental results show that the hybrid cluster provides the best platform for parallelizing packet classification algorithms, which promises the average throughput rate of 4.2 Million packets per second (Mpps). That is, the hybrid cluster produced by the integration of Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA), Message Passing Interface (MPI), and OpenMP programming model could classify 0.24 million packets per second more than the GPU cluster scheme. Such a packet classifier satisfies the required processing speed in the programmable network systems that would be used to communicate big medical data.

关键词： OpenMP Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA) Message Passing Interface(MPI) packet classification medical data tuple space algorithm Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)cluster