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Screening COVID-19 from chest X-ray images by an optical diffractive neural network with the optimized F number

Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1410-1426页

作者： JIALONG WANG SHOUYU CHAI WENTING GU BOYI LI XUE JIANG YUNXIANG ZHANG HONGEN LIAO XIN LIU DEAN TA Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China center for Biomedical Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of chemistry Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Biomedical Engineering School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to significantly impact people's lives worldwide, emphasizing the critical need for effective detection methods. Many existing deep learning-based approaches for COVID-19 detection offer high accuracy but demand substantial computing resources, time, and energy. In this study, we introduce an optical diffractive neural network(ODNN-COVID), which is characterized by low power consumption, efficient parallelization, and fast computing speed for COVID-19 detection. In addition, we explore how the physical parameters of ODNN-COVID affect its diagnostic performance. We identify the F number as a key parameter for evaluating the overall detection capabilities. Through an assessment of the connectivity of the diffractive network, we established an optimized range of F number, offering guidance for constructing optical diffractive neural networks. In the numerical simulations, a three-layer system achieves an impressive overall accuracy of 92.64% and 88.89% in binary-and threeclassification diagnostic tasks. For a single-layer system, the simulation accuracy of 84.17% and the experimental accuracy of 80.83% can be obtained with the same configuration for the binary-classification task, and the simulation accuracy is 80.19% and the experimental accuracy is 74.44% for the three-classification task. Both simulations and experiments validate that the proposed optical diffractive neural network serves as a passive optical processor for effective COVID-19 diagnosis, featuring low power consumption, high parallelization, and fast computing capabilities. Furthermore, ODNN-COVID exhibits versatility, making it adaptable to various image analysis and object classification tasks related to medical fields owing to its general architecture.

关键词： neural network offering

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The future of artificial hibernation medicine:protection of nerves and organs after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 22-28页

作者： Caiyun Liu Haixin Yu Zhengchao Li Shulian Chen Xiaoyin Li Xuyi Chen Bo Chen School of Acupuncture&Moxibustion and Tuina Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina Research center of experimental Acupucture Science Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina Characteristic Medical center of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force TianjinChina Binhai New Area Hospital of TCM TianjinChina Fourth Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM TianjinChina

Spinal cord injury is a serious disease of the central nervous system involving irreversible nerve injury and various organ system *** present,no effective clinical treatment *** one of the artificial hibernation techniques,mild hypothermia has preliminarily confirmed its clinical effect on spinal cord ***,its technical defects and barriers,along with serious clinical side effects,restrict its clinical application for spinal cord *** hibernation is a futureoriented disruptive technology for human life *** involves endogenous hibernation inducers and hibernation-related central neuromodulation that activate particular neurons,reduce the central constant temperature setting point,disrupt the normal constant body temperature,make the body adapt"to the external cold environment,and reduce the physiological resistance to cold ***,studying the artificial hibernation mechanism may help develop new treatment strategies more suitable for clinical use than the cooling method of mild hypothermia *** review introduces artificial hibernation technologies,including mild hypothermia technology,hibernation inducers,and hibernation-related central neuromodulation *** summarizes the relevant research on hypothermia and hibernation for organ and nerve *** studies show that artificial hibernation technologies have therapeutic significance on nerve injury after spinal co rd injury through inflammatory inhibition,immunosuppression,oxidative defense,and possible central *** also promotes the repair and protection of res pirato ry and digestive,cardiovascular,locomoto r,urinary,and endocrine *** review provides new insights for the clinical treatment of nerve and multiple organ protection after spinal cord injury thanks to artificial *** present,artificial hibernation technology is not mature,and research fa ces various *** rtheless,the effort is wo rthwhi

关键词： artificial hibernation central thermostatic-resista nt regulation hypothermia multi-system protection neuroprotection organ protection spinal cord injury synthetic torpor

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C_(60) as a metal-free catalyst for lithium-oxygen batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3982-3987页

作者： Xinxin Zhang Jiaming Tian Yu Wang Shaohua Guo Yafei Li Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional MaterialsNational Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresFrontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Carbon materials have shown significant potential as catalysts for lithium-oxygen batteries(LOBs).However,the intrinsic carbon sites are typically inert,necessitating extensive modifications and resulting in a limited density of active *** we present C_(60) as a metal-free cathode catalyst for LOBs,using density functional theory calculations and experimental *** lithiation reactions on the pristine carbon sites of C_(60) are energetically favorable due to its curvedπ-conjugation over the pentagon-hexagon *** kinetic analysis specifically reveals low energy barriers for Li_(2)O_(2) decomposition and Li diffusion on C_(60).Consequently,C_(60) exhibits significantly higher catalytic activity than typical carbon materials such as graphene and carbon *** electrochemical measurements validate the predictions,notably demonstrating that the intrinsic activity of C_(60) is comparable to that of noble metals.

关键词： lithium-oxygen batteries C_(60) density functional theory(DFT)calculations metal-free cathode

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Surface air temperature change in the Wuyi Mountains,southeast China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1992-2004页

作者： QIN Yihui WEI Yuxing LU Jiayi MAO Jiahui CHEN Xingwei GAO Lu CHEN Ying LIU Meibing DENG Haijun Institute of Geography Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China National Demonstration center for experimental Geography Education Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China School of Geographical Science Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China Fujian Provincial Engineering Research center for Monitoring and Assessing Terrestrial Disasters Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China

Detecting changes in surface air temperature in mid-and low-altitude mountainous regions is essential for a comprehensive understanding of warming trend with *** use daily surface air temperature data from 64 meteorological stations in Wuyi Mountains and its adjacent regions to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns of temperature *** results show that Wuyi Mountains have experienced significant warming from 1961 to *** warming trend of the mean temperature is 0.20℃/decade,the maximum temperature is 0.17℃/decade,and the minimum temperature is 0.26℃/*** 1961-1990,more than 63%of the stations showed a decreasing trend in annual mean temperature,mainly because the maximum temperature decreased during this ***,in 1971-2000,1981-2010 and 1991-2018,the maximum,minimum and mean temperatures *** fastest increasing trend of mean temperature occurred in the southeastern coastal plains,the quickest increasing trend of maximum temperature occurred in the northwestern mountainous region,and the increase of minimum temperature occurred faster in the southeastern coastal and northwestern mountainous regions than that in the central ***,this study suggests that elevation does not affect warming in the Wuyi *** results are beneficial for understanding climate change in humid subtropical middle and low mountains.

关键词： Climate change Surface air temperature Temporal and spatial changes Mann-Kendall nonparametric test Wuyi Mountains

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Improvements in properties of NdFeB magnets obtained via magnetron sputtering and thermal diffusion

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1710-1716,I0003页

作者： Jin Tang Weichao Huang Dan Li School of Electronic Engineering Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou545006China China Rare Earth(Guangxi)Jinyuan Rare Earth New Materials Co. Ltd.Hezhou542603China China Rare Earth Group Co. Ltd.Ganzhou341000China center of experimental Teaching for Common Courses Panzhihua UniversityPanzhihua617000China

The grain boundary diffusion process(GBDP) of Dy and DyAl on sintered NdFeB magnets was conducted via magnetron-sputtering deposition of Dy and DyAl films to enhance coercivity(H_(cj)),The magnetic properties,microstructure and anti-corrosion properties of Dy-surface-alloying NdFeB magnets obtained via magnetron sputtering and thermal diffusion were *** H_(cj) of the Dy_(95)Al_(5)-NdFeB magnet increases by 32.68%,while the remanence declines ***,X-ray diffraction and microstructural analysis confirm the formation of Dy-rich shells,the higher-magnetic-anisotropy field of hard(Nd_(x)Dy_(1-x))2(FeAl)_(14)B magnetic phases and an optimised grain boundary structu re,contributing to the H_(cj)enhancement of the *** elemental distribution and diffusion mechanism of the magnets are also ***,the corrosion resistance of the Dy_(95)Al_(5)-NdFeB magnet is substantially improved by enhancing the electrochemical stability and optimising the distribution and morphology of the intergranular *** findings of this study are of substantial importance in the development of low-heavy rare-earth sintered NdFeB magnets.

关键词： Magnetron sputtering NdFeB Rare earths Microstructure Magnetic property Corrosion resistance

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Genomic medicine in clinical practice:national genomic medicine program in Japan

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 4-9页

作者： Teruhiko Yoshida Yasushi Yatabe Ken Kato Genichiro Ishii Akinobu Hamada Hiroyuki Mano Kuniko Sunami Noboru Yamamoto Takashi Kohno Department of Genetic Medicine and Services National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Diagnostic Pathology National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Clinical Research Support Offce Clinical Research Coordinating SectionBiobank Translational Research Support SectionNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories National Cancer Center Hospital EastChiba 277-8577Japan Division of Molecular Pharmacology National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan National Cancer center Research Institute Tokyo 104-0045Japan Department of Laboratory Medicine National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Department of experimental Therapeutics National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Division of Genome Biology National Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan

Cancer statistics in Japan Cancer is the most common cause of death in Japan based on Statistics 2021~*** statistics were first gathered,infectious diseases,such as tuberculosis,and cerebrovascular disease have been the main causes of death in *** surpassed cerebrovascular disease as the main cause of death in 1981,and the number of cancer deaths has *** 38,000 people died of cancer in *** National Cancer center(NCC)reported that the 5-year survival rate for patients with cancer was improving(62%for males and 66.9%for females)in a population-based cancer registry.

关键词： Cancer cancer death

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Asymmetric Cu Sites for Enhanced CO_(2)Electroreduction to C_(2+)Products

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CCS chemistry 2024年第5期6卷 1231-1239页

作者： Weiwei Guo Xingxing Tan Shunhan Jia Shoujie Liu Xinning Song Xiaodong Ma Limin Wu Lirong Zheng Xiaofu Sun Buxing Han Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and ThermodynamicsCenter for Carbon Neutral ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Institute of Molecular Metrology College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071 School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601 Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062

Cu-based electrocatalysts can have excellent activity for the generation of C_(2+)products from a CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).Cuδ+species is crucial in tuning the performance of the ***,we discovered that Si-doped Cu catalysts had excellent performance for electrochemical CO_(2)to C_(2+)products.A high Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 84.7%was achieved with a current density of 289mA cm^(−2)in the flow-cell *** situ experimental results showed that the significant reconstruction occurred during the electrolysis,resulting in the formation of the asymmetric Cu sites(Cu^(0)-Cu^(+)).The ratio of Cu^(0)and Cu^(+)could be tuned by changing Si *** experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrated that the asymmetric Cu sites caused by the appropriate Si doping promoted CO_(2)activation and strengthened the adsorption of^(*)CO *** was beneficial to the subsequent^(*)CO–^(*)CO dimerization step,and thus,accounted for the enhancement of C_(2+)selectivity.

关键词： carbon dioxide electrocatalysis asymmetric Cu sites C-C coupling green chemistry

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A zincophilic molecular brush for a dendrite-free,corrosionresistant,zinc metal anode with a long life cycle

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 390-396页

作者： Penggao Liu Jia Guo Xinyue Chen Ting Wang Yanping Huang Shasha Gao Tao Wang Dongling Wu Kaiyu Liu State Key Laboratory of chemistry and Utilization of Carbon based Energy Resources College of ChemistryXinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringEducation Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province Department of Physics and Electronic EngineeringXinyang Normal UniversityXinyang 464000China Interdisciplinary Research center for Sustainable Energy Science and Engineering(IRC4SE2) School of Chemical EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Zinc-based aqueous rechargeable batteries have attracted extensive attention due to their low cost,safety,and environmental ***,dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution of Zn anodes limit their large-scale application.A new strategy to produce a polyacrylamide/reduced graphene oxide(PAM@rGO)molecular nanobrush coating and control Zn electrolyte interface engineering is proposed for use in highly reversible Zn plating/*** evolution is inhibited,and Zn deposition is consolidated using the rich zincophilic functional groups of the branched polyacrylamide chain and the high conductivity of *** to the synergistic effects of corrosion resistance and dendrite-free growth,PAM@rGO/Zn provides prolonged and reversible Zn plating/*** functional theory(DFT)calculations expand on homogenized *** PAM@rGO/Zn||activated carbon(AC)capacitor exhibits long cyclic stability,fast ion transfer,and minimal interfacial *** study provides experimental and theoretical bases for the structural design of Zn anode.

关键词： zincophilic nanobrush polyacrylamide/reduced graphene oxide(PAM@rGO)/Zn surface modification Zn based energy storage

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Towards a blood ecosystem approach to dissect systemic diseases

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1528-1531页

作者： Hong Wang Tao Cheng State Key Laboratory of experimental Hematology Haihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology&Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300020China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science Tianjin 301600China

Systemic diseases,in contrast to localized ailments,exert widespread effects and can impact the entire *** of systemic diseases encompass autoimmune disorders,infectious diseases,metabolic disorders,and chronic conditions like *** diseases often entail intricate interactions among diverse organs,tissues,and physiological systems,influenced by a myriad of factors.

关键词： diseases organs autoimmune

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Biodegradable and flexible i-carrageenan based RRAM with ultralow power consumption

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 21-27页

作者：卞景垚陶冶王中强赵晓宁林亚徐海阳刘益春 Key Laboratory of UV-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China National Demonstration center for experimental Physics Education Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

Transient memories,which can physically disappear without leaving traceable remains over a period of normal operation,are attracting increasing attention for potential applications in the fields of data security and green *** random access memory(RRAM)is a promising candidate for next-generation *** this context,biocompatible l-carrageenan(l-car),extracted from natural seaweed,is introduced for the fabrication of RRAM devices(Ag/l-car/Pt).Taking advantage of the complexation processes between the functional groups(C–O–C,C–O–H,et al.)and Ag metal ions,a lower migration barrier of Ag ions and a high-speed switching(22.2 ns for SET operation/26 ns for RESET operation)were achieved,resulting in an ultralow power consumption of 56 *** the prepared Ag/l-car/Pt RRAM devices also revealed the capacities of multilevel storage and *** addition,thanks to the hydrophilic groups of l-car molecule,the RRAM devices can be rapidly dissolved in deionized(DI)water within 13 minutes,showing excellent transient *** work demonstrates that l-car based RRAM devices have great potential for applications in secure storage applications,flexible electronics and transient electronics.

关键词： RRAM transient electronics i-carrageenan ultralow power consumption

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