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Oxygenation target in acute respiratory distress syndrome

Journal of Intensive Medicine 2023年第3期3卷 220-227页

作者： Gilles Capellier Loic Barrot Hadrien Winizewski Réanimation Médicale CHU Jean MinjozBesançon 25000France department of Health Monash UniversityMelbourne 3800Australia equipe d’accueil ea 3920 Universitéde Franche ComteBesançon 25000France département d’Anesthésie-Réanimation CHU Jan MinjozBesançon 25000France

determining oxygenation targets in acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARdS)remains a *** targets have been used since ARdS was first described,they have not been investigated in ***,recent retrospective and prospective trials have evaluated the optimal oxygenation threshold in patientsadmitted to the general intensive care *** view of the lack of prospective data,clinicians continue to relyon data from the few available trials to identify the optimal oxygenation *** of the cost-benefitratio of the fraction of inspired oxygen(FiO_(2))to the partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood(PaO_(2))is an additional challenge.A high FiO_(2) has been found to be responsible for respiratory failure and deaths innumerous animal *** and high PaO_(2) values have also been demonstrated to be potential risk factors inexperimental and clinical *** findings from this literature review suggest that PaO_(2) values rangingbetween 80 mmHg and 90 mmHg are acceptable in patients with *** costs of rescue maneuvers needed toreach these targets have been *** recent papers have highlighted the risk of disagreement betweenarterial oxygen saturation(SaO_(2))and peripheral oxygen saturation(SpO_(2))*** order to avoid discrepanciesand hidden hypoxemia,SpO_(2) readings need to be compared with those of SaO_(2).Higher SpO_(2) values may beneeded to achieve the recommended PaO_(2) and SaO_(2) values.

关键词： Oxygen Oxygenation Acute respiratory distress syndrome Fraction of inspired oxygen(FiO_(2)) Arterial oxygen saturation Peripheral oxygen saturation(SpO_(2))

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Formation of a 40 A dC Current Arc during the Opening of Silver Contacts

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Plasma Science and Technology 2014年第5期16卷 471-478页

作者： M'hammed ABBAOUI André LEFORT Erwann CARVOU damien SALLAIS James Brian Alexander MITCHELL Noureddine BEN JEMAA Clermont Université Université d'AuvergneEA 3120LAEPTBP 10448F-63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance equipe Contacts Electriques IPR(UMR CNRS 6251)Universite de Rennes 135042 Rennes CedexFrance

The erosion of silver contacts due to break arcs with length proportional to time and of variable duration has been measured by weighing the contacts following 5000 openings at a constant current equal to 40 *** experimental results show that,for arc durations shorter than 60 μs,the transfer of metal from the anode to the cathode occurs,but after passing this stage,when the two electrodes are separated by greater distances,each will display *** is the result of the diffusion of material outside the space between the two *** order to interpret these results,we have applied a classical model of the physical phenomena occurring at the root of the *** of the experimental results shows that for an arc duration of less than15 μs,no distinct cathode root is seen to exist,but beyond this,several spots appear gradually on the cathode for arc duration up to 50 μs,after which they merge into a single *** comparison between experiment results and theoretical interpretation is reasonable up to 60 μs.

关键词： arc root cathode spot anode spot erosion contacts current density

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Organic matter produced by algae and cyanobacteria: Quantitative and qualitative characterization

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第6期25卷 1089-1097页

作者： Maud Leloup Rudy Nicolau Virginie Pallier Claude Yprmian Geneviève Feuillade-Cathalifaud University of Limoges EA 4330Groupement de Recherche EauSolEnvironnement(GRESE)ENSILParc d'ESTER Technople16 rue AtlantisF-87068 Limoges CedexFrance UMR 7245 MCAM MNHN-CNRS Equipe CyanobactériesCyanotoxines et EnvironnementMuséum National d'Histoire NaturelleCase 3912 rue BuffonF-75231 Paris Cedex 05France

This work aims at characterizing organic matter produced by an alga Euglena gracil~ and a cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and assessing the evolution of its characteristics during growth. A culture medium was optimized. The species growth phases were monitored using both visible spectrophotometry and flow cytometry cell counting. Organic matter fractionation according to hydrophobicity and specific UV absorbance （SUVA） index were used to specifically characterize the produced algal organic matter （AOM）. The AOM characteristics were both growth phase and species dependent. However, a similar evolution was observed. The hydrophilic fraction （HPI） was the major fraction whatever the growth phases and was almost the only one produced during lag and exponential phases. It represented around 75% of AOM during exponential phase and then decreased when the stationary phase appeared. It represented 46% and 60% of the AOM during late decline phase for the cyanobacteria and the alga respectively. The hydrophobic （HPO） and transphilic （TPH） fractions started to appear from the beginning of the stationary phase with more hydrophobic compounds coming from intracellular organic material of dying cells. HPO and TPH percentages still increased during the decline phase probably because of two additional processes： photo-dissolution and leaching of particulate organic matter from cells fragments. A comparison of AOM during late decline phase and natural organic matter （NOM） from Glane River （France） underlined that AOM was more fiydrophilic and presented a lower SUVA for each fractions than NOM. However, the difference between NOM and AOM hydrophobicity narrowed during decline phase.

关键词： algae cyanobacteria organic matter XAd fractionation SUVA flow cytometry

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General Neural Process in Cycling Exercise

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第1期5卷 1-15页

作者： Victor Scholler Alain Groslambert Frederic Grappe Sidney Grosprêtre ea4660 C3S Culture Sport Health SocietyUniversity of Bourgogne Franche-Comté25000 BesançonFrance equipe Cycliste Groupama-FdJ 25000 BesançonFrance Laboratory of Athlete-Material-Environment(LAME) 56 chemin des Montarmots25000 BesançonFrance C3S Laboratory UPFR Sport31Chemin de l’Epitaphe25000 BesançonFrance

Performance in cycling is frequently related to metabolic or biomechanical ***,the contribution of the neu-rophysiological system during cycling is often poorly considered in performance ***,cycling is a complex whole-body physical exercise that necessitates specific coordination and fine control of motor output to manage the dif-ferent *** ability to produce different levels of intensity of exercise would require optimizing many functions of the central nervous system from the brain’s treatment of sensory signals to complex motor command execution via the corticospinal *** review proposes an integrative approach to the factors that could influence cycling performance,based on neurophysiological and cognitive ***,we report data relying on brain activity signals,to account for the different brain areas and cognitive functions ***,because the motor command is highly dependent upon its regulation along the corticospinal pathway,we expose the modulation of corticospinal and spinal excitabilities during *** present these later by reviewing the literature of studies using transcranial magnetic or percutaneous nerve ***,we describe a model of neural and cognitive adjustments that occur with acute and chronic cycling practices,with several areas of improvement focusing on these factors,including mental and cognitive training.

关键词： Cognition Motor areas Electroencephalography Transcranial magnetic stimulation Spinal excitability

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Contamination,Fractionation and Availability of Metals in Urban Soils in the Vicinity of Former Lead and Zinc Smelters,France

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Pedosphere 2013年第2期23卷 143-159页

作者： C.WATERLOT G.BIdAR A.PELFRNE H.ROUSSEL H.FOURRIER F.dOUAY Université Lille Nord de France Groupe ISA Equipe Sols et Environnement Laboratoire Génie Civil et géoEnvironnement (LGCgE) Lille Nord de France (EA 4515) département des Sites et Sols Pollués Agence de I'Environment et de la Matrise de I'Energie (ADEME)

Soil contamination by metals from anthropogenic activities （e.g., mining and smelting） is a major concern for the environment and human health. Environmental availability of cadmium （Cd）, lead （Pb）, zinc （Zn）, copper （Cu）, and indium （In） in 27 urban soils located around two former Pb and Zn smelters in Northern France were studied by analysing the chemical forms of these metals and evaluating their phytoavailability. These metals were determined using flame or electrothermal absorption atomic spectrometry （FAAS or ETAAS）, depending on their concentration levels. After optimisation of the ETAAS method, characteristic mass of In in water and aqua regia were 9.9 and 18 pg, respectively, showing the high sensitivity of the analytical procedure. Metal partitioning was conducted using a four-step sequential extraction procedure. The results showed that Cd and Zn were mainly in the acid-extractable and reducible forms in the urban soils studied. In contrast, Pb and In were largely in the reducible fraction. However, in some samples, the amount of In extracted in the residual or exchangeable fraction was higher than that in the reducible fraction. Copper was mainly found in the reducible and residual fractions. A pot experiment was conducted in a glasshouse with seven soils （six contaminated and one uncontaminated） and two plant species, ryegrass and lettuce. The results showed transfer of metals from the contaminated soils to the shoots of ryegrass and the edible part of lettuce. The metal bioconcentration factor was in the order of Cd 〉〉 Cu 〉 In 〉 Zn 〉〉 Pb for lettuce leaves, whereas for ryegrass shoots, three orders were found, Cd 〉 Zn 〉 Cu 〉〉 In 〉 Pb, Cd 〉〉 In 〉 Zn 〉 Cu 〉〉Pb, and Zn 〉 Cd 〉 Cu 〉 In 〉〉 Pb, depending on the physico-chemical properties of the soils, such as pH, cation exchange capacity, carbonates, and organic matter. It was established that the metal toxicity was related to the contamination levels and the physico-chemical properties, including pH, organi

关键词： bioconcentration factor environmental availability metal toxicity sequential extraction soil physico-chemical property

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Analysis of Cadmium in Water Extracts from Contaminated Soils with High Arsenic and Iron Concentration Levels

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第3期5卷 271-280页

作者： C. Waterlot G. Bidar C. Pruvot F. douay Groupe ISA Equipe Sols et Environnement Laboratoire Gdnie Civil et geo-Environnement （LGCgE） Lille Nord de France EA 4515 48 Boulevard Vauban Lille Cedex 59046 France

Cadmium （Cd） concentrations in the water extracts of ten contaminated soils by arsenic （As） with various iron （Fe） contents were measured using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES） and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry （ETAAS）, due to the potential spectral interferences of As and Fe in the quantification of Cd, two methods were used for the background compensation. The first method was based on the use of a deuterium lamp （BGCd2 mode）. The second one required a Cd hollow cathode lamp pulsated with a current for which the intensity varies in the course of time （BGCSR mode）. The results showed that the choices of the analytical technique and the method used for the background compensation depend on the Cd, As and Fe concentrations in the solution and the concentration ratios As/Cd or/and Fe/Cd. In comparison with the ICP-AES and the ETAAS in combination with the BGCd2 mode, it was shown that the high-speed self-reversal method （HSSR） was a more appropriate method to correct As and Fe spectral interferences during the Cd measurements. On the other hand, depending on the Cd concentration, it was established that no significant Fe interference occurred during the Cd determination even if Fe concentration was 50 mg/L, reflecting the efficiency of the HSSR method to overcome the Fe interferences in the determination of Cd concentration by ETAAS without any matrix modifier in water extracts.

关键词： ETAAS cadmium arsenic iron interference.

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Influence of teeth on the smile and physical attractiveness.A new internet based assessing method

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2013年第1期3卷 52-57页

作者： Yoann Lopez Jérémie Le Rouzic Valérie Bertaud Matthieu Pérard Justine Le Clerc Jean-Marie Vulcain Faculte d’Odontologie Universite de Rennes 1RennesFrance CHU Rennes Pole d’Odontologie et Chirurgie BuccaleRennesFrance ea 3888 IFR 140Faculte de MédecineUniversite de Rennes 1RennesFrance U6226 CNRSSciences Chimiques de RennesEquipe de Biomatériaux en Site OsseuxRennesFrance

Objectives: Traditional methods for evaluating aesthetic perceptions of the teeth have involved panels of people observing photographs, and the person commenting on the appearance of the teeth generally is aware that his opinion of the dental appearance is being sought. The situation is artificial and may involve bias. We propose a novel method for evaluating the effect of dental imperfections on perceptions in which the participant is unaware of participating in a survey and in which his or her opinion is not sought. Rather, involvement in the study betrays the importance of dental aesthetics for the observer. Methods: Starting with a digitally manipulated photograph of a smiling young woman, two portrait photographs A and B were produced in which the only differences were in the dentition revealed by the smile. The two photographs were anonymously posted on an online dating service site covering two large cities in southwestern France. during a period of one month, all “hits” on each of the photographs and all attempts to make contact were counted. Results: There was no significant difference between the number of hits on each of the portraits A and B. On the other hand, the ratio of attempts to contact to hits showed a clear difference: the ratio was 4.8 times greater for Portrait A than for Portrait B

关键词： dental Aesthetics Smile Appearance Communication Internet

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Management of renal replacement therapy among adults in French intensive care units: A bedside practice evaluation

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2023年第2期3卷 147-154页

作者： Florian Jolly Marine Jacquier delphine Pecqueur Marie Labruyère Christophe Vinsonneau Isabelle Fournel Jean-Pierre Quenot The ReadIAL Study group Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation CHU Dijon-BourgogneDijon 21000France equipe Lipness Centre de recherche INSERM UMR1231 et LabEx LipSTICUniversitéde Bourgogne-Franche ComtéDijon 21000France INSERM CIC 1432Module Epidémiologie CliniqueDijon 21000France CHU dijon-Bourgogne Centre d’Investigation CliniqueModule Epidémiologie Clinique/Essais CliniquesDijon 21000France Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation-Unitéde Sevrage Ventilatoire et Réhabilitation CH de BethuneBethune 62408France 不详

Background:This study aimed to investigate renal replacement therapy (RRT) practices in a representative nationwide sample of French intensive care units (ICUs).Methods:From July 1 to October 5 2021, 67 French ICUs provided data regarding their ICU and RRT implementation. We used an online questionnaire to record general data about each participating ICU, including the type of hospital, number of beds, staff ratios, and RRT implementation. each center then prospectively recorded RRT parameters from 5 consecutive acute kidney injury (AKI) patients, namely the indication, type of dialysis catheter used, type of catheter lock used, type of RRT (continuous or intermittent), the RRT parameters initially prescribed (dose, blood flow, and duration), and the anticoagulant agent used for the ***:A total of 303 patients from 67 ICUs were analyzed. Main indications for RRT were oligo-anuria (57.4%), metabolic acidosis (52.1%), and increased plasma urea levels (47.9%). The commonest insertion site was the right internal jugular (45.2%). In 71.0% of cases, the dialysis catheter was inserted by a resident. Ultrasound guidance was used in 97.0% and isovolumic connection in 90.1%. Citrate, unfractionated heparin, and saline were used as catheter locks in 46.9%, 24.1%, and 21.1% of cases, ***:Practices in French ICUs are largely compliant with current national guidelines and international literature. The findings should be interpreted in light of the limitations inherent to this type of study.

关键词： Renal replacement therapy Acute kidney injury Intensive care unit Practice evaluation Bedside

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does endurance training improve red blood cell aging and hemorheology in moderate-trained healthy individuals?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第6期9卷 595-603页

作者： daniel A.Bizjak Fabian Tomschi Gunnar Bales Elie Nader Marc Romana Philippe Connes Wilhelm Bloch Marijke Grau department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine German Sport University CologneCologne 50933Germany Laboratoire LIBM ea7424-equipe“Biologie Vasculaire et du Globule Rouge” UniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1Villeurbanne 69100France Laboratoire d’Excellence du Globule Rouge GR-Ex Paris 75015France Universitédes Antilles InsermUnitéBiologie Intégrée du Globule RougeCHU de PointeàPitrePointe_a PitreGuadeloupe 97157France Institut Universitaire de France Paris 75231France The German Research Centre of Elite Sport German Sport University CologneCologne 50933Germany

Objective:To examine the impact of a 6-week endurance training on red blood cell(RBC)aging and deformability of healthy participants to detect possible improved hemorheological and performance-related ***:A total of 31 participants(17 females and 14 males)performed a 6-week moderate training protocol(three 1-h running sessions per week at 70%of maximal heart rate).Blood was sampled before and after the *** from each participant were fractioned according to density and age into 4 RBC *** were examined for changes of RBC properties,including aging distribution,RBC deformability,RBC microparticles,and phosphatidylserine *** and plasma nitrite levels were measured as indicators of nitric oxide ***:Aerobic performance,peak oxygen consumption,ventilatory thresholds,velocity at the aerobic-anaerobic threshold,and lactate at exhaustion improved after *** relative amount of both young RBCs and old RBCs increased,and the amount of the main RBC fraction *** externalization and RBC-derived microparticles *** deformability expressed as shear stress required to achieve half-maximum deformation to theoretical maximal elongation index at infinite shear stress improved in unfractioned RBCs(pdecreased in total(p=0.001),young(pd old(p=0.020)aged RBCs and in plasma(p=0.002),but not in very old ***:These results indicate that non-endurance-trained healthy participants benefit from a regular moderate running training program because performance-related parameters improve and a younger RBC population with improved RBC properties is induced,which might support oxygen supply in the microcirculation.

关键词： Cellular adaptation Hemorheology Nitric oxide Performance RBC physiology and aging

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硬膜外麻醉对七氟烷与舒芬太尼麻醉婴儿的经食管多普勒超声及血液动力学的影响

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麻醉与镇痛 2008年第4期4卷 49-53页

作者： Antoine Monsel Amelie Salvat-Toussaint Philippe durand Vincent Haas. Catherine Baujard Philippe Rouleau Souad El Aouadi dan Benhamou Karin Asehnoune 吕成倩(译) 李文志(校) Service d'Anesth4sie-Rdanimafion et Unité Propre de Recherche de l′Enseignement Supérieur-equipe d'accueil( UPRES-ea 392 ) Service de Réanimation Pédiatrique Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de BicOtre Assistance Publique-H6pitaux de Paris(AHHP) Le Kremlin Bicetre France 不详

背景一般认为小儿硬膜外麻醉（ea）时血液动力学稳定，但与成人相比，硬膜外麻醉对婴儿心排出量（cO）的血液动力学影响研究较少。方法本研究使用经食管多普勒监测CO，前瞻性地研究了14例拟行腹部外科手术、体重小于10埏的婴儿。在七氟... 详细信息

背景一般认为小儿硬膜外麻醉（ea）时血液动力学稳定，但与成人相比，硬膜外麻醉对婴儿心排出量（cO）的血液动力学影响研究较少。方法本研究使用经食管多普勒监测CO，前瞻性地研究了14例拟行腹部外科手术、体重小于10埏的婴儿。在七氟烷全身麻醉期间，用0．25％布比卡因和1：200000肾上腺素的复合液以0．75ml／kg给予腰部ea，麻醉前后用经食管多普勒监测CO。分别在施行硬膜外麻醉前、麻醉后5、15和20分钟测量CO、动脉血压和心率。结果七氟烷和舒芬太尼麻醉患儿接受ea后心脏每搏量增加29％（P〈0．0001），心率降低13％（P〈0．0001）。同时ea使收缩期动脉压、舒张期动脉压、平均动脉压和全身血管阻力分别明显降低11％、18％、15％和25％。相反，CO保持不变。结论观察到的每搏量增加可能是由于ea 引起的交感神经阻滞使后负荷最佳化的结果。本研究证实体重小于10kg的婴儿实施ea时血液动力学稳定，此结果支持队在小儿群体中的应用。

关键词：小儿硬膜外麻醉血液动力学舒芬太尼七氟烷多普勒超声婴儿食管平均动脉压

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