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Drying-rewetting cycles reduce bacterial diversity and carbon loss in soil on the Loess Plateau of china

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Pedosphere 2023年第6期33卷 838-848页

作者： Panpan JIAO Haibing XIAO Zhongwu LI Lei YANG Peng ZHENG State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of EducationYangling 712100China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China college of Resources and environmental Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

With global climate change, soil drying-rewetting(DRW) events have intensified and occurred frequently on the Loess Plateau of china. However, the extent to which the DRW cycles with different wetting intensities and cycle numbers alter microbial community and respiration is barely understood. Here,indoor DRW one and four cycles treatments were implemented on soil samples obtained from the Loess Plateau, involving increase of soil moisture from10% water-holding capacity(WHC) to 60% and 90% WHC(i.e., 10%–60% and 10%–90% WHC, respectively). Constant soil moistures of 10%, 60%,and 90% WHC were used as the controls. The results showed that bacterial diversity and richness decreased and those of fungi remained unchanged under DRW treatments compared to the controls. Under all moisture levels, Actinobacteriota and Ascomycota were the most dominant bacterial and fungal phyla,respectively. The bacterial network was more complex than that of fungi, indicating that bacteria had a greater potential for interaction and niche sharing under DRW treatments. The pulse of respiration rate declined as the DRW cycle increased under 10%–60% WHC, but remained similar for different cycles under 10%–90% WHC. Moreover, the DRW treatments reduced the overall carbon loss, and the direct carbon release under 10%–60% WHC was larger than that under 10%–90% WHC. The cumulative CO_(2) emissions after four DRW cycles were significantly positively correlated with microbial biomass carbon and negatively correlated with fungal richness(Chao 1).

关键词： bacterial network cumulative CO_(2)emissions fungal richness microbial biomass carbon microbial community respiration rate soil moisture

A new systematic firefly algorithm for forecasting the durability of reinforced recycled aggregate concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第3期16卷 329-346页

作者： Wafaa Mohamed SHABAN Khalid ELBAZ Mohamed AMIN Ayat gamal ASHOUR Department of Civil and environmental Engineering College of EngineeringShantou UniversityShantou 515063China Department of Civil Engineering Misr Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansouraEgypt Department of Civil Engineering Higher Future Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansouraEgypt Guangdong Engineering Center for Structure Safety and Health Monitoring Shantou UniversityShantou 515063China Civil and Architectural Construction Department Faculty of Technology and EducationSuez UniversityIsmailiaEgypt Department of Civil and environmental Engineering Collage of EngineeringUniversity of SharjahSharjah 27272UAE

This study presents a new systematic algorithm to optimize the durability of reinforced recycled aggregate *** proposed algorithm integrates machine learning with a new version of the firefly algorithm called chaotic based firefly algorithm(CFA)to evolve a rational and efficient predictive *** CFA optimizer is augmented with chaotic maps and Levy flight to improve the firefly performance in forecasting the chloride penetrability of strengthened recycled aggregate concrete(RAC).A comprehensive and credible database of distinctive chloride migration coefficient results is used to establish the developed algorithm.A dataset composite of nine effective parameters,including concrete components and fundamental characteristics of recycled aggregate(RA),is used as input to predict the migration coefficient of strengthened RAC as output,k-fold cross validation algorithm is utilized to validate the hybrid *** numerical benchmark analyses are applied to prove the superiority and applicability of the CFA algorithm in predicting chloride *** show that the developed CFA approach significantly outperforms the firefly algorithm on almost tested functions and demonstrates powerful *** addition,the proposed strategy can be an active tool to recognize the contradictions in the experimental results and can be especially beneficial for assessing the chloride resistance of RAC.

关键词： chloride penetrability recycled aggregate concrete machine learning concrete components durability

Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin and Its Metabolite in Carp (Cyprinus carpio) After a Single Oral Administration in Medicated Feed

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Journal of Ocean University of china 2023年第1期22卷 171-180页

作者： LIU Ying LI Zhaoxin ZHANG Dahai XING Lihong SUN Weihong SUN Xiaojie PENG Jixing ZHANG Yonggang LI Xianguo college of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Qingdao Fishery Technology Service Station Qingdao 266071China Qingdao Marine management Support Center Qingdao 266071China Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality Laboratory of Quality&Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic ProductsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsYellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdao 266071China

A precise and reliable analytical method of high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLCMS/MS)was developed to measure trace levels of enrofloxacin(ENR)and its major metabolite ciprofloxacin(CIP)in carp *** chromatographic separation was obtained on a Waters Xterra MS C_(18) reversed-phase column using gradient elution with methanol and 0.1%formic acid aqueous solution including 5mmolL^(-1) of ammonium *** established method was applied to study the pharmacokinetics and distribution of ENR and CIP in tissues of carp following a single oral administration in feed at a dosage of 40mgkg^(-1) bw(body weight).Data were analyzed using DAS 2.0 dynamics software,and the experimental results suggest that ENR was rapidly absorbed and extensively distributed in carp tissues through systemic circulation,and the pharmacokinetic characteristics can be described with a two-compartment *** elimination half-lives(t_(1/2β))from muscle,liver,gill,plasma and skin were 131,160,104,132 and 310 h,*** areas under the drug concentration-time curves(AUC)for these tissues were 491,972,750,249 and 706hmgkg^(-1),*** maximum concentration(C_(max))values were 13,29,37,9 and 5mgkg^(-1) with peak times(t_(max))of 8,4,4,2 and 4 h,***,the active metabolite of ENR,was also detected in carp tissues,indicating that only 1.54%of de-ethylation of ENR occurs in *** a water temperature of 18℃,the drug withdrawal time was determined to be no less than 24 d while the carp was fed at a single dosage of 40mgkg^(-1).

关键词： Cyprinus carpio enrofloxacin ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Investigation of Oil Content in Lacustrine Shale-Oil Systems:Insights from Two Different Pyrolysis

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年

作者： Yuping Wu Chenglin Liu Fujie Jiang Tao Hu Chenxi Zhang Jiahao Lü Renda Huang Meiling Hu Guanyun Wu Rizwan Sarwar Awan School of Resources and environmental Engineering Hefei University of Technology Xi'an Shiyou University State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum college of Geosciences China University of Petroleum

This research has investigated the oil content of lacustrine shale-oil systems from the Junggar Basin. Twenty-eight samples are used for different pyrolysis experiments to study the characteristics of shale oil occurrence and the difference between various evaluation methods. Additionally,the factors affecting the physical states of shale oil are discussed. Compared with the standard RockEval, the two-step pyrolysis and multi-step pyrolysis can eliminate the influence of the carryover ***, these two types of pyrolysis are used to obtain the total, free, and adsorbed oil yield of the shale. The results demonstrate that the total oil yield acquired by multi-step pyrolysis is quite similar to that obtained by two-step pyrolysis. Both of them can prevent the retained oil yield from being underestimated by more than 50%. However, the free oil yield obtained by multi-step pyrolysis is significantly higher than that obtained by two-step pyrolysis. The multi-step pyrolysis can easily exaggerate the real free oil yield in resource evaluation. Therefore, this article suggests using the two-step pyrolysis to evaluate the characteristics of petroleum in shales. Furthermore, the amount of hydrocarbons within shales is related to organic matter properties. The higher the organic matter richness, the higher the total/adsorbed oil yield within the shale before reaching the adsorption saturation. The better the kerogen type, the higher the amount of liquid hydrocarbons within shales. As the thermal evolution of shales increases, the free oil proportion and the mobility of petroleum increase. This study compared different pyrolysis methods, which provided new insight for obtaining the oil content of shales, a key parameter of shale oil resource evaluation.

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Optimization of reed-specific degrading bacteria by response surfaces for remediation of crude oil-polluted soil in Xinjiang,china

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第3期5卷 408-414页

作者： YaMing DONG ChaoCheng ZHAO Yun CAI DongFeng ZHAO college of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering China University of Petroleum Xinjiang Department of environmental Protection

This paper discussed the optimization of conditions for remediation of crude oil-polluted soil based on pot experiment by applying reed-specific degrading bacteria, and using response surfaces methodology. We took the initial crude oil concentration, the amount of inoculation, the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus, and the use of surfactant （Tween-80） as independent variables （factors）, and the degrading ratio of crude oil as the dependent variable （response） after a 90-day experiment. The experiment explored the impacts of each independent variable and their interactions on the bioremediation of crude oil-polluted soil using the Box-Behnken design. Working with a simulated forecasting model the study obtained optimization va reed＋specific degrading bacteria, a nitrogen to phosphorus ues for the treatment parameters of 200 g/kg of the ratio of about 6.0. and 0.2% surfactant. Under experimental conditions, for crude oil concentrations of 10, 30 and 50 g/kg, the optimal effects of the treatments achieved 71.87%, 66.61% and 54.52% degradation of the crude oil, respectively. The results can provide a basis for the technical development of plant-microorganism combined bioremediation of crude oil-polluted soil.

关键词： crude oil pollution plant-microorganism response surfaces soil remediation

Flood Resilience Building in Thailand: Assessing Progress and the Effect of Leadership

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第1期9卷 44-54页

作者： Somporn Khunwishit Chanisada Choosuk Gary Webb Faculty of management Sciences Prince of Songkla University Faculty of environmental management Prince of Songkla University Emergency management and Disaster Science (EMDS)Department College of Health and Public Service University of North Texas

Disaster risk reduction has become a global strategy for making cities more resilient since the establishment of the Hyogo Framework for Action in 2005. The question that still challenges emergency management scholars and professionals, however, is what contributes to the progress of resilience building. Previous literature suggests that disaster resilience can be attributable to multiple factors, including leadership. But the specific abilities that help leaders promote resilience have not yet been examined empirically. To address this problem, using the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction 10 Essentials for Making Cities Resilient as guidelines, we assessed the progress of flood resilience building in Thailand and its relationship to local government leaders' abilities. Our research showed that, since the flood disaster in 2011, municipalities in Thailand have made moderate progress in flood resilience building. The results of a multiple regression analysis revealed that disaster resilience leadership abilities have had a statistically significant, positive effect on the progress of flood resilience building. Our findings underscore the role of leadership in making cities more resilient and shed light on how local government leaders can contribute to the progress ofdisaster risk reduction. We also outline the academic implications and practical contributions of our research.

关键词： Disaster management Disaster resilience leadership Disaster risk reduction Flood resilience building Thailand

Quick and Accurate Counting of Rapeseed Seedling with Improved YOLOv5s and Deep-Sort Method

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第9期92卷 2611-2632页

作者： Chen Su Jie Hong Jiang Wang Yang Yang college of Engineering Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China

The statistics of the number of rapeseed seedlings are very important for breeders and planters to conduct seed quality testing,field crop management and yield *** the number of seedlings is inefficient and cumbersome in the traditional *** this study,a method was proposed for efficient detection and calculation of rapeseed seedling number based on improved you only look once version 5(YOLOv5)to identify objects and deep-sort to perform object tracking for rapeseed seedling *** attention(CA)mechanism was added to the trunk of the improved YOLOv5s,which made the model more effective in identifying shaded,dense and small rapeseed ***,the use of the GSConv module replaced the standard convolution at the neck,reduced model parameters and enabled it better able to be equipped for mobile *** accuracy and recall rate of using improved YOLOv5s on the test set by 1.9%and 3.7%compared to 96.2%and 93.7%of YOLOv5s,*** experimental results showed that the average error of monitoring the number of seedlings by unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)video of rapeseed seedlings based on improved YOLOv5s combined with depth-sort method was 4.3%.The presented approach can realize rapid statistics of the number of rapeseed seedlings in the field based on UAV remote sensing,provide a reference for variety selection and precise management of rapeseed.

关键词： Rapeseed seedling UAV improved YOLOv5s attention mechanism real-time detection

Fault Tree Analysis of Dust Suppression Mechanism in a Spray System with Wetting Agent

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Journal of Central South University 2000年第3期12卷 117-123页

作者： WU Chao GU De-sheng college of Resources Environmental and Civil EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China

By using the fault tree analysis in reliability theory as the systematical analysis approach, the dust suppression mechanism in a spray system with wetting agent is shown in a logic tree and some graphical models. From these diagrams, all factors related to the spray system and their cause and effect relationship can be seen clearly. Based on the built logic tree, several mathematical models and new ideas for expressing the dust suppressing efficiency in the spray system are put forward. The significance of all factors related to the efficiency of suppressing dust is qualitatively described. Furthermore, the new concepts, such as, the effective reaction time between dust particle and droplet, the expansion phenomenon of laden dust droplet, the functions of volatile and the relative size distribution efficiency of wetting agent are presented. All this richenes the existing mechanism of dust abatement by spraying wetting agent. At last, several problems that need to be further investigated are also suggested in the paper.

关键词： coal dust spray system wetting agent fault tree analysis mechanism efficiency approaches

The PcERF5 promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis in red-fleshed pear(Pyrus communis)through both activating and interacting with PcMYB transcription factors

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农业科学学报:英文版 2023年第9期22卷 2687-2704页

作者： CHANG Yao-jun CHEN Guo-song YANG Guang-yan SUN Cong-rui WEI Wei-lin Schuyler S.KORBAN WU Jun college of Horticulture State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and UtilizationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China Department of Natural Resources and environmental Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

As there is a strong interest in red-skinned pears,the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin regulation in red-skinned pears has been widely investigated;however,little is known about the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin regulation in red-fleshed pears due to limited availability of such germplasm,primarily found in European pears(Pyrus communis).In this study,based on transcriptomic analysis in red-fleshed and white-fleshed pears,we identified an ethylene response factor(ERF)from ***,PcERF5,of which expression level in fruit flesh was significantly correlated with anthocyanin *** then verified the function of PcERF5 in regulating anthocyanin accumulation by genetic transformation in both pear skin and apple ***5 regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis by different regulatory *** the one hand,PcERF5 can activate the transcription of flavonoid biosynthetic genes(PcDFR,PcANS and PcUFGT)and two key transcription factors encoding genes PcMYB10 and *** the other hand,PcERF5 interacted with PcMYB10 to form the ERF5-MYB10 protein complex that enhanced the transcriptional activation of PcERF5 on its target *** results suggested that PcERF5 functioned as a transcriptional activator in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis,which provides new insights into the regulatory mechanism of anthocyanin *** new knowledge will provide guidance for molecular breeding of red-fleshed pear.

关键词： Pyrus communis red-fleshed anthocyanin biosynthesis PcERF5 PcMYB10/PcMYB114