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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 478-492页

作者： Xu Li Yaohui Wang Leifu Li Runye Zhang Hailun Ren Wenbin Li Zhongli Tang Donghui Zhang The research center of Chemical engineering School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China The Department of Chemical engineering Tianjin Renai CollegeTianjin 301636China Collaborative Innovation center of Chemical Science and engineering(Tianjin) School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Particle-fluid system is one of the most popular systems in chemical *** to complex interface structure and high-velocity turbulence,the momentum and mass transfer exhibit nonlinear characteristics,which pose a great challenge for further study and *** solve this problem,computational mass transfer(CMT)emerged and has been proved to be effective in deeply exploring the mass transfer behavior of particle-fluid ***,this paper reviews recent gas-solid numerical studies of turbulence issues from empirical to theoretical,then discusses interphase mass transfer rate models and the interfacial interaction ***,the present study particularly reviews researches on mass transfer process of fixed and fluidized regime by CMT,providing reliable analysis of turbulent anisotropy diffusivity as well as multiscale structure and presenting theoretical instruction for the industrial optimization of mass transfer processes in chemical engineering.

关键词： Fixed bed Fluidized bed Computational mass transfer Turbulent mass diffusion Multiscale Anisotropy

Review of the detasseling techniques for maize(Zea mays L.)hybrid seed production

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological engineering 2024年第3期17卷 1-11页

作者： Ruirui Zhang Jiaxuan Yang Liping Chen Chenchen Ding Longlong Li Linhuan Zhang National research center of Intelligent equipment for Agriculture Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China National center of International research on Agricultural Aerial Application technology Beijing 100097China research center of Intelligent equipment Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Maize(Zea mays L.)is a critical staple crop globally,integral to human consumption,food security,and agricultural product *** quality and purity of maize seeds,essential for hybrid seed production,are contingent upon effective *** study investigates the evolution of detasseling technologies and their application in Chinese maize hybrid seed production,with a comparative analysis against the United States.A comprehensive examination of the development and utilization of detasseling technology in Chinese maize hybrid seed production was undertaken,with a specific focus on key *** from the United States were included for comparative *** analysis encompassed various detasseling methods,including manual,semi-mechanized,and cytoplasmic male sterility,as well as more recent innovations such as detasseling machines,and the emerging field of intelligent detasseling driven by unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),computer vision,and mechanical *** detasseling methods were predominantly employed by *** the challenges of inflexible and occasionally overlooked,applying detasseling machines is efficient and *** present,China’s detasseling operations in hybrid maize seed production are mainly carried out by manual work,which is labor-intensive and *** order to address this issue,China is dedicated to developing intelligent detasseling *** study emphasizes the critical role of detasseling in hybrid maize seed *** United States has embraced mechanized *** application and development of manual and mechanized detasseling were applied later than those in the United States,but latest intelligent detasseling technologies first appeared in *** detasseling is expected to be the future direction,ensuring the quality and efficiency of hybrid maize seed production,with implications for global food security.

关键词： detasseling technique detasseling machine UAVs intelligent agriculture maize hybrid seed production

Simulation of gas-solid flow characteristics of the circulating fluidized bed boiler under pure-oxygen combustion conditions

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2024年第6期70卷 9-19页

作者： Kaixuan Gao Xiwei Ke Bingjun Du Zhenchuan Wang Yan Jin Zhong Huang Yanhong Li Xuemin Liu Key Laboratory of Special equipment Safety and Energy-Saving for State Market Regulation China Special Equipment Inspection&Research InstituteBeijing 100029China Department of Energy and Power engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Electrical and Power engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

Under the pressure of carbon neutrality,many carbon capture,utilization and storage technologies have witnessed rapid development in the recent years,including oxy-fuel combustion(OFC)***,the conventional OFC technology usually depends on the flue gas recirculation system,which faces significant investment,high energy consumption,and potential low-temperature corrosion *** these deficiencies,the direct utilization of pure oxygen to achieve particle fluidization and fuel combustion may reduce the overall energy consumption and CO_(2)-capture *** this paper,the fundamental structure of a self-designed 130 t·h^(-1) pure-oxygen combustion circulating fluidized bed(CFB)boiler was provided,and the computational particle fluid dynamics method was used to analyze the gas-solid flow characteristics of this new-concept boiler under different working *** results indicate that through the careful selection of design or operational parameters,such as average bed-material size and fluidization velocity,the pure-oxygen combustion CFB system can maintain the ideal fluidization state,namely significant internal and external particle ***,the contraction section of the boiler leads to the particle backflow in the lower furnace,resulting in the particle suspension concentration near the wall region being higher than that in the center ***,the upper furnace still retains the classic core-annulus flow *** addition to increasing solid circulation rate by reducing the average bed-material size,altering primary gas ratio and bed inventory can also exert varying degrees of influence on the gas-solid flow characteristics of the pure-oxygen combustion CFB boiler.

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed Pure-oxygen combustion Gas-solid flow characteristics Simulation CO_(2)capture

Microstructure and mechanical properties stability of pre-hardening treatment in Al-Cu alloys for pre-hardening forming process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第3期31卷 539-551页

作者： Liping Tang Pengfei Wei Zhili Hu Qiu Pang Hubei Longzhong laboratory Xiangyang 441000China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced technology for Automotive Components School of Automotive EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei engineering research center for Green&Precision Material Forming Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Metallurgical equipment and Control technology of Ministry of Education School of Machinery and AutomationWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China

The stability of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the pre-hardened sheets during the pre-hardening forming(PHF)process directly determines the quality of the formed *** microstructure stability of the pre-hardened sheets was in-vestigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and small angle X-ray scattering(SAXS),while the mechanical properties and formability were analyzed through uniaxial tensile tests and formability *** results in-dicate that the mechanical properties of the pre-hardened alloys exhibited negligible changes after experiencing 1-month natural aging(NA).The deviations of ultimate tensile strength(UTS),yield strength(YS),and sheet formability(Erichsen value)are all less than 2%.Also,after different NA time(from 48 h to 1 month)is applied to alloys before pre-hardening treatment,the pre-hardened alloys possess stable microstructure and mechanical properties as ***,with the extension of NA time before pre-hardening treatment from 48 h to 1 month,the contribution of NA to the pre-hardening treatment is *** a yield strength increment of 20 MPa is achieved,with no loss in *** limited enhancement is mainly attributed to the fact that only a limited number of clusters are transformed into Guinier-Preston(GP)zones at the early stage of pre-hardening treatment,and the formation ofθ''phase inhibits the nucleation and growth of GP zones as the precipitated phase evolves.

关键词： Al-Cu alloy pre-hardened alloy natural aging mechanical properties microstructure

High-strength and thermally stable TiB_(2)-modified Al-Mn-Mg-Er-Zr alloy fabricated via selective laser melting

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第10期31卷 2221-2232页

作者： Jiang Yu Yaoxiang Geng Yongkang Chen Xiao Wang Zhijie Zhang Hao Tang Junhua Xu Hongbo Ju Dongpeng Wang School of Materials Science and engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China Beijing Advanced Innovation center for Materials Genome engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China National engineering research center of Near-Net Shape Forming for Metallic Materials Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Processing and Forming of Advanced Metallic MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China CEMMPRE-Centre for Mechanical engineering Materials and Processes Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of CoimbraRua Luís Reis SantosCoimbra 3030-788Portugal

To increase the processability and plasticity of the selective laser melting(SLM)fabricated Al-Mn-Mg-Er-Zr alloys,a novel TiB_(2)-modified Al-Mn-Mg-Er-Zr alloy with a mixture of Al-Mn-Mg-Er-Zr and nano-TiB_(2) powders was fabricated by *** pro-cessability,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the alloy were systematically investigated by density measurement,microstruc-ture characterization,and mechanical properties *** alloys fabricated at 250 W displayed higher relative densities due to a uni-formly smooth top surface and appropriate laser energy *** maximum relative density value of the alloy reached(99.7±0.1)%,demonstrating good *** alloy exhibited a duplex grain microstructure consisting of columnar regions primarily and equiaxed regions with TiB_(2),Al6Mn,and Al3Er phases distributed along the grain *** directly aging treatment at a high tem-perature of 400℃,the strength of the SLM-fabricated TiB_(2)/Al-Mn-Mg-Er-Zr alloy increased due to the precipitation of the secondary Al6Mn *** maximum yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the aging alloy were measured to be(374±1)and(512±13)MPa,*** SLM-fabricated TiB_(2)/Al-Mn-Mg-Er-Zr alloy demonstrates exceptional strength and thermal stability due to the synergistic effects of the inhibition of grain growth,the incorporation of TiB_(2) nanoparticles,and the precipitation of secondary Al6Mn nanoparticles.

关键词： selective laser melting aluminum alloy processability mechanical properties thermal stability

A perspective on the key factors of safety for rechargeable magnesium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 656-676页

作者： Shuangshuang Tan Jie Xu Rongrui Deng Qiannan Zhao Chaohe Xu Guangsheng Huang Jingfeng Wang Fusheng Pan National engineering research center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China National Innovation center for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage technology College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Institute of New Energy Storage Materials and equipment Chongqing 401135China

Rechargeable Mg batteries(RMBs)have become one of the best subsitutes for lithium-ion batteries due to the high volumetric capacity,abundant resources,and uniform plating behavior of Mg metal ***,the safety hazard induced by the formation of high-modulue Mg dendrites under a high current density(10 mA cm^(-1))was still revealed in recent *** has forced researchers to re-examine the safety of *** this review,the intrinsic safety factors of key components in RMBs,such as uneven plating,pitting and flammability of Mg anode,heat release and crystalline water decomposition of cathode,strong corrosion,low oxidition stability and flammability of electrolytes,and soforth,are systematacially *** origins,formation mechanisms,and possible safety hazards are deeply *** develop high-performance Mg anode,current strategies including designing artificial SEI,three-dimensional substrates,and Mg alloys are *** practical electrolytes,the configurations of boron-centered anions and simple Mg salts and the functionalized solvent with high boiling point and low flammability are suggested to comprehensively *** addition,the future study should more focus on the investigation on the thermal runaway and decomposition of cathode materials and *** review aims to provide fundamental insights into the relationship between electrochemistry and safety,further promoting the sustainable development of RMBs.

关键词： Rechargeable Mg batteries Battery safety Mg dendrites Electrolyte decomposition Intrinsic safety issues

Numerical simulation of water-slag elbow erosion-inhibiting by regulating the slag injection position with a novel preceding rotating sheet structure

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 323-339页

作者： Fopeng Wen Liuyun Xu Yixiang Chen Zhaofu Deng Shen Zhang Wenming Song Yuge Li Liping Wei School of Chemical engineering Northwest UniversityXi’an710069China School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Yan'an UniversityYan'an716000China Machinery Industry Shanghai Lanya Petrochemical equipment Inspection Institute Co. Ltd.Shanghai201518China The research center of Chemical engineering Applying technology for Resource of Shaanxi Xi’an710069China

The elbow erosion seriously jeopardizes the safe and stable operation of water–slag discharge pipeline of the coal gasification *** work simulated water–slag elbow characteristics with various slag injection positions by simulating five simplified and representative erosion categories,including A-type horizontal-vertical elbow with an upstream flow,B-type horizontal-vertical elbow with a downstream flow,C-type vertical-horizontal elbow with an upstream flow,D-type vertical-horizontal elbow with a downstream flow and E-type horizontal-horizontal *** with the C/D-type elbow,where particles were injected uniformly,the A-type elbow and E-type elbow were found to increase erosion rate,while the B-type elbow decreases erosion *** interesting discovery is that the elbow erosion rate is relatively low for small particles when particles are injected from the middle and bottom positions of the inlet section of the *** on the observation,a novel preceding rotating sheet structure was developed to regulate the particle injection *** shows an excellent anti-erosion performance by reducing the maximum erosion rate of particles with diameters of 50,100,and 200μm by 23%,35%,and 43%,respectively.

关键词： Erosion Slag-water Uneven particles Elbow pipe Erosion inhibition Preceding rotating sheet structure

Mechanochemical route to fabricate an efficient nitrate reduction electrocatalyst

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Nano research 2024年第6期17卷 4889-4897页

作者： Yunliang Liu Zhiyu Zheng Sobia Jabeen Naiyun Liu Yixian Liu Yuanyuan Cheng Yaxi Li Jingwen Yu Xin Wu Nina Yan Lei Xu Haitao Li Institute for Energy research School of Energy and Power EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Jiangsu engineering technology research center of Biomass Composites and Addictive Manufacturing Institute of Agricultural Facilities and EquipmentJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China Key Laboratory for Protected Agricultural engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanjing 210014China

The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR)to ammonia under ambient conditions is a promising approach for addressing elevated nitrate levels in water bodies,but the progress of this reaction is impeded by the complex series of chemical reactions involving electron and proton transfer and competing hydrogen evolution ***,it becomes imperative to develop an electro-catalyst that exhibits exceptional efficiency and remarkable selectivity for ammonia synthesis while maintaining long-term *** the magnetic biochar(Fe-C)has been synthesized by a two-step mechanochemical route after a pyrolysis treatment(450,700,and 1000℃),which not only significantly decreases the particle size,but also exposes more oxygen-rich functional groups on the surface,promoting the adsorption of nitrate and water and accelerating electron transfer to convert it into *** showed that the catalyst(Fe-C-700)has an impressive NH_(3)production rate of 3.5 mol·h^(−1)·gcat^(−1),high Faradaic efficiency of 88%,and current density of 0.37 A·cm^(−2)at 0.8 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE).In-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)is used to investigate the reaction intermediate and to monitor the *** oxygen functionalities on the catalyst surface activate nitrate ions to form various intermediates(NO_(2),NO,NH_(2)OH,and NH_(2))and reduce the rate determining step energy barrier(*NO_(3)→*NO_(2)).This study presents a novel approach for the use of magnetic biochar as an electro-catalyst in NO_(3)RR and opens the road for solving environmental and energy challenges.

关键词： mechanochemical route magnetic biochar electron transfer nitrate ammonia

Hot Compressive Deformation Characteristics of Al-9.3Zn-2.4Mg-1.1Cu Alloy

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2024年第3期39卷 754-765页

作者：刘鹏茹郝世明 XIE Jingpei School of Physics and engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China School of Materials Science and engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China Provincial and Ministerial Co-Construction of Collaborative Innovation center for Non-Ferrous Metal New Materials and Advanced processing technology Luoyang 471023China

To understand the hot compression deformation characteristics of the self-developed Al-9.3Zn-2.4Mg^(-1).1Cu alloy,the hot compression tests of Al-9.3Zn-2.4Mg^(-1).1Cu alloy were investigated by Gleeble 1500 thermo-mechanical simulator to determine the best hot processing *** hot deformation temperatures were 300,350,400,and 450℃,and the strain rates were 1,0.1,0.01,and 0.003 s^(-1),*** on the experimental results,the constitutive equation and hot processing maps are established,and the corresponding strain rate and temperature-sensitive index are *** results show that Al-9.3Zn-2.4Mg^(-1).1Cu alloy has a dynamic softening trend and high strain rate sensitivity during the isothermal compression *** hot deformation behavior can be described by an Arrhenius-type equation after strain *** temperature has a negligible effect on the hot processing properties,while a low strain rate is favorable for the hot working of *** processing maps and microstructure show that the optimal processing conditions were in the temperature range of 400-450℃and strain rate range of 0.003-0.005 s^(-1).

关键词： Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy hot working hot deformation behavior constitutive equations processing maps

The effect of secondary phase on corrosion behaviors of the titanium–zirconium–molybdenum alloy

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 342-354页

作者： Song-Wei Ge Ping Hu Jie Deng Shi-Lei Li Hai-Rui Xing Jia-Yu Han Xing-Jiang Hua Li Wang Jun-Zhou Yang Bo Jin Wen Zhang Kuai-She Wang School of Metallurgy engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China National and Local Joint engineering research center for Functional Materials processing Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Western Xinxing Rare and Precious Metals Co. Ltd.Shangluo 726000China Northwest Institute for Non-Ferrous Metal research Xi’an 710016China

As the range of applications for molybdenum and its alloys has expanded,the corrosive environment for molybdenum alloys has become more *** the past,the content of doping elements has been studied to investigate their infl uence on the corrosion performance of titanium–zirconium–molybdenum(TZM)*** this paper,it is considered that the second phase in the alloy is the main factor aff ecting the corrosion performance of TZM *** comparing the corrosion behavior of molybdenum metal and TZM alloy,the eff ect of the secondary phase on corrosion behaviors of TZM alloy has been *** results show that the second phase reduces the corrosion resistance of the TZM *** potential of the second phase is 73.7 mV higher than that of the Mo matrix,which contributes to the formation of microscopic electric *** the action of microscopic electric couples,pitting corrosion is preferentially formed at the interface between the second phase and the matrix,which accelerates the corrosion of the *** paper provides a theoretical basis for the application of TZM alloys in corrosive environments.

关键词： Secondary phase Electrochemical corrosion Titanium–zirconium–molybdenum(TZM) Galvanic corrosion Corrosion resistance