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Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM) structure promoted the activity and H_(2)O poisoning resistance of Ce Mn/3DOM-TiO_(2) catalyst in NH_(3)-SCR

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 523-533,I0004页

作者： Yaqin Hu Shipeng Ding Chenchen Tan Peng Wu Guobo Li Sheng Wang Hongqiang Yang Yaping Zhang Key Laboratory of energy Thermal conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096China State Power Environmental Protection research Institute Nanjing210031China

NH_(3)-SCR is an effective mean of NOxremoval in the non-electric industry, however, the high activation temperature and poor H_(2)O resistance of SCR catalysts posed a barrier to its application. In this work, a series of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM) catalysts were synthesized via a colloidal crystal template(CCT) method, and various characterizations were carried out to explore the physicochemical property of catalysts. The experiment results reveal that Ce_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)/3DOM-TiO_(2) catalyst presents the excellent low-temperature catalytic activity of nearly 100% at 100℃. Furthermore, the enhanced H_(2)O resistance is achieved, certified by the unaffected NO remove at 150℃ in the participation of 15 vol% H_(2)O. The characterizations results exhibit that the improved dispersion of the active component and enhanced redox ability are conducive to the low-temperature catalytic activity. N_(2) adsorption and desorption experiments indicate that catalyst with 3DOM support possesses a larger pore diameter and specific surface area, which may weaken the condensation of H_(2)O in the microporosity of catalysts and improved the H_(2)O resistance of the catalyst. In situ DRIFTS results manifest that Ce_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)/3DOM-TiO_(2) catalyst could not only absorb more NH_(3) and generate more surface-active sites, but inhibit the competitive adsorption between H_(2)O and SCR reactants.

关键词： 3DOM material NH_(3)-SCR H_(2)O resistance Low-temperature Cerium Rare earths

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Classification and technical target of water electrolysis for hydrogen production

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 554-576页

作者： Kahyun Ham Sooan Bae Jaeyoung Lee Ertl Center for Electrochemistry and Catalysis Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST) Department of Heterogeneous Reactions Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering GIST International Future research Center of Chemical energy Storage and conversion Processes GIST eSuS Co. Ltd. #408 S6 Building School of Environment and Energy Engineering GIST

Continuous efforts are underway to reduce carbon emissions worldwide in response to global climate change. Water electrolysis technology, in conjunction with renewable energy, is considered the most feasible hydrogen production technology based on the viable possibility of large-scale hydrogen production and the zero-carbon-emission nature of the process. However, for hydrogen produced via water electrolysis systems to be utilized in various fields in practice, the unit cost of hydrogen production must be reduced to $1/kg H2. To achieve this unit cost, technical targets for water electrolysis have been suggested regarding components in the system. In this paper, the types of water electrolysis systems and the limitations of water electrolysis system components are explained. We suggest guideline with recent trend for achieving this technical target and insights for the potential utilization of water electrolysis technology.

关键词： Electrochemistry Hydrogen production Technical target Water electrolysis

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Surface-induced Microstructure and Performance Changes in P3HT Ultrathin Films

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 805-814页

作者： Hong-Tao Shan Jia-Xin He Bing-Yan Zhu Xue-Ting Cao Ying-Ying Yan Jian-Jun Zhou Hong Huo Beijing Key Laboratory of energy conversion and Storage Materials College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

In this work,poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)ultrathin films(P3HT-T)were prepared by spin-coating a dilute P3HT solution(in a toluene:o-dichlorobenzene(Tol:ODCB)blend with a volume ratio of 80:20)with ultrasonication and the addition of the nucleating agent bicycle[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid disodium salt(HPN-68L)on glass,Si wafers and indium tin oxide(ITO)substrates.The electrical and mechanical properties of the P3HT-T ultrathin films were investigated,and it was found that the conductivity and crack onset strain(COS)were simultaneously improved in comparison with those of the corresponding pristine P3HT film(P3HT-0,without ultrasonication and nucleating agent)on the same substrate,regardless of what substrate was used.Moreover,the conductivity of P3HT-T ultrathin films on different substrates was similar(varying from 3.7 S·cm^(-1)to 4.4 S·cm^(-1)),yet the COS increased from 97%to 138%by varying the substrate from a Si wafer to ITO.Combining grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray diffraction(GIXRD),UV-visible(UV-Vis)spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy(AFM),we found that the solid order and crystallinity of the P3HT-T ultrathin film on the Si wafer are highest,followed by those on glass,and much lower on ITO.Finally,the surface energy and roughness of three substrates were investigated,and it was found that the polar component of the surface energyγp plays a critical role in determining the crystalline microstructures of P3HT ultrathin films on different substrates.Our work indicates that the P3HT ultrathin film can obviously improve the stretchability and simultaneously retain similar electrical performance when a suitable substrate is chosen.These findings offer a new direction for research on stretchable CP ultrathin films to facilitate future practical applications.

关键词： P3HT ultrathin film Substrate Crystalline microstructures Polar component of the surface energy Electrical and stretchable performances

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Numerical Study on Heat Transfer and Frictional Resistance of Two Types of Molten Salts in Straight Channels and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Airfoil Channels

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1443-1457页

作者： WANG Yanquan LU Yuanwei GAO Qi LI Feng MA Yancheng WANG Yuanyuan WU Yuting MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and energy Conservation Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy ConversionBeijing University of Technology

Molten salt and supercritical carbon dioxide（sCO2） are considered to be one of the most promising combined heat transfer refrigerants for third-generation solar thermal power generation.To evaluate the potential of chloride salts and carbonates in third-generation solar thermal power generation,this paper uses molten salts and sCO2as the working media of printed circuit board heat exchangers（PCHE）,and uses numerical simulation to study the heat transfer and friction of PCHE channels with different molten salts and sCO2,and establishes predictive correlations respectively.A local heat transfer and friction study was conducted on the sCO2side of the airfoil channel,and it was found that the inlet mass flow rate has a significant impact on it,while the inlet temperature has a relatively small impact.A comprehensive comparison was made between the heat transfer and friction of two molten salts,and the comprehensive performance of chloride salts was 70%-80% higher than that of carbonates.The results indicate that the potential of chloride salts in third-generation solar thermal power generation is much greater than that of carbonates.

关键词： third generation solar thermal power generation sCO 2 PCHE molten salt

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Structural Optimization of the Inlet Header of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Printed Circuit Board Heat Exchanger

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1458-1467页

作者： WANG Yanquan LU Yuanwei WANG Yuanyuan HAN Xinlong WU Yuting GAO Qi MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and energy Conservation Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy ConversionBeijing University of Technology

Supercritical carbon dioxide printed circuit board heat exchangers are expected to be applied in third-generation solar thermal power generation.However,the uniformity of supercritical carbon dioxide entering the heat exchanger has a significant impact on the overall performance of the heat exchanger.In order to improve the uniformity of flow distribution in the inlet header,this article studies and optimizes the inlet header of a printed circuit board heat exchanger through numerical simulation.The results indicate that when supercritical carbon dioxide flows through the header cavity,eddy currents will be generated,which will increase the uneven distribution of flow rate,while reducing the generation of eddy currents will improve the uniform distribution of flow rate.When the dimensionless factor of the inlet header is 6,the hyperbolic configuration is the optimal structure.We also reduced the eddy current region by adding transition segments,and the results showed that the structure was the best when the dilation angle was 10°,which reduced the non-uniformity by 21% compared to the hyperbolic configuration,providing guidance for engineering practice.

关键词： third-generation solar thermal power generation inlet header PCHE numerical simulation

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Multifunctional photon conversion materials for enhancing silicon solar cells

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 598-601页

作者： Yiyan Zhang Guanying Chen MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New energy conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology150001 HarbinChina

A type of multifunctional erbium(Er^(3+))and ytterbium(Yb^(3+))codoped NaY(WO4)2 phosphors,with simultaneous photon upconversion,photon quantum cutting,and luminescence ratiometric temperature sensing abilities,have b... 详细信息

关键词： photon luminescence quantum

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Overcoming the Na-ion conductivity bottleneck for the cost-competitive chloride solid electrolytes

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 1-8页

作者： Lv Hu Hui Li Fang Chen Yating Liu Jinzhu Wang Cheng Ma Hefei National research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory

Chloride solid electrolytes possess multiple advantages for the construction of safe,energy-dense allsolid-state sodium batteries,but presently the chlorides with sufficiently high cost-competitiveness for commercialization almost all exhibit low Na-ion conductivities of around 10-5S cm-1or lower.Here,we report a chloride solid electrolyte,Na2.7ZFCl5.3O0.7,which reaches a Na-ion conductivity of2.29 × 10-4S cm-1at 25℃ without involving overly expensive raw materials such as rare-earth chlorides or Na2S.In addition to the efficient ion transport,Na2.7ZrCl5.3O0.7also shows an excellent deformability surpassing that of the widely studied Na3PS4,Na3SbS4,and Na2ZrCl6solid electrolytes.The combination of these advantages allows the all-solid-state cell based on Na2.7ZrCl5.3O0.7and NaCrO2to realize stable room-temperature cycling at a much higher specific current than those based on other non-viscoelastic chloride solid electrolytes in literature(120 mA g-1vs.12-55 mA g-1);after 100 cycles at such a high rate,the Na2.7ZFCl5.3O0.7-based cell can still deliver a discharge capacity of 80 mAh g-1at25℃.

关键词： All-solid-state sodium batteries Chlorides High voltage stability Ionic conductivities Solid electrolytes

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Flower-like CuS/γ-Fe_(2)O_(3) van der Waals heterostructures with highefficient electromagnetic wave absorption

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Nano research 2024年第4期17卷 3324-3333页

作者： Na Lu Jingshen Xu Mengwei Yuan Genban Sun Beijing Key Laboratory of energy conversion and Storage Materials Institution College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Center for Advanced Materials research Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China

The escalating electromagnetic(EM)pollution issues and the demand to elevate military stealth technology make it imperative to develop cost-effective and high-performance electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials.In this paper,the flower-like CuS/γ-Fe_(2)O_(3) van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures have been synthesized via a facile two-step solvothermal approach.The flower-like CuS skeleton increases the attenuation path of EMW while reducing the material density.Different contents ofγ-Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles anchor between the flower-like CuS nanosheets to constitute a heterogeneous structure,which enables dielectric and magnetic loss synergistically to optimize impedance matching and remarkably improve the EMW absorption performance.The minimum reflection loss(RLmin)is-49.36 dB with a thickness of only 1.6 mm and the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)reaches 4.64 GHz(13.36–18 GHz).By adjusting the thickness of the absorber,the EAB can cover 96%of the GHz band.Notably,the superior absorption of-61.53 dB at middle frequency band can be obtained by adjusting the amount of Fe_(2)O_(3) addition.In this study,the adjustment of EM parameters and the optimization of impedance matching have been achieved by constructing a novel vdW heterogeneous structure,which provides fresh ideas and references for the design of high-performance EMW absorbing materials.

关键词： flower-like CuS γ-Fe_(2)O_(3) van der Waals heterostructures impedance matching electromagnetic wave absorption

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Physics of cavitation near particles

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 102-118页

作者： Jia-xin Yu Xiao-yu Wang Jun-wei Shen Jin-sen Hu Xiang-qing Zhang Da-qing He Yu-ning Zhang Key Laboratory of Power Station energy Transfer conversion and System(Ministry of Education) School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

The combined effect of cavitation and silt abrasion presents a great challenge and threat to secure the operation and the efficiency of hydraulic machineries working in sediment-laden fluid.The present paper critically reviews the current research progress on the interaction mechanisms of the bubbles and the particles.Firstly,the analytical models including boundary treatment methods for predicting the jet dynamics of the bubble collapse near particles are demonstrated.Secondly,the bubble collapsing dynamics,jet dynamics and shock wave characteristics near particles are revealed both experimentally and numerically.Finally,the bubble-particle-wall system is investigated with a focus on microjets.

关键词： Cavitation bubble particle jet shock wave

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Macro Meso Response and Stress Wave Propagation Characteristics of MCT High-Voltage Switch Under Shock load

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 317-335页

作者： Yuyang Guo Chuang Chen Ruizhi Wang Enling Tang Key Laboratory of Transient Physical Mechanics and energy conversion Materials of Liaoning Province Shenyang Ligong UniversityShenyang110159LiaoningChina

In order to study the dynamic and electrical coupling response characteristics of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Controlled Thyristor(MCT)high-voltage switch under the synergic action of mechanical load and high voltage,the separated Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)test system was used to simulate different impact load environments,and combined with the multi-layer high-voltage ceramic capacitor charging and discharging system,the instantaneous electrical signals of MCT high-voltage switch were collected.Combined with numerical simulation and theoretical analysis,the failure mode and stress wave propagation characteristics of MCT high voltage switch were determined.The mechanical and electrical coupling response characteristics and failure mechanism of MCT high voltage switch under dynamic load were revealed from macroscopic and microscopic levels.The results show that the damage modes of MCT high-voltage switches can be divided into non-functional damage,recoverable functional damage,non-recoverable damage and structural damage.Due to the gap between the metal gate and the oxide layer,the insulating oxide layer was charged.After placing for a period of time,the elastic deformation of the metal gate partially recovered and the accumulated charge disappeared,which induced the recoverable functional damage failure of the device.In addition,obvious cracks appeared on both sides of the monocrystalline silicon inside the MCT high-voltage switch,leading to unrecoverable damage of the device.

关键词： MCT Impact load Failure analysis Stress wave Numerical simulation

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