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An in vitro demonstration of a passive,acoustic metamaterial as a temperature sensor with mK resolution for implantable applications

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 41-54页

作者： Lucrezia Maini Vicente Genovés Roman Furrer Nikola Cesarovic Christofer Hierold Cosmin Roman Micro-and Nanosystems Department of Mechanical and Process EngineeringETH ZurichTannenstrasse 38092 ZurichSwitzerland. Translational Cardiovascular Technology Department of Health Science and TechnologyETH ZurichLeopold-Ruzicka-Weg 48093 ZurichSwitzerland. Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyEMPAÜberlandstrasse 1298600 DübendorfSwitzerland Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charite(DHZC)13353 BerlinGermany

Wireless medical sensors typically utilize electromagnetic coupling or ultrasound for energy transfer and sensor *** transfer and management is a complex aspect that often limits the applicability of implantable sensor *** this work,we report a new passive temperature sensing scheme based on an acoustic metamaterial made of silicon embedded in a polydimethylsiloxane *** to other approaches,this concept is implemented without additional electrical components in situ or the need for a customized receiving unit.A standard ultrasonic transducer is used for this demonstration to directly excite and collect the reflected *** metamaterial resonates at a frequency close to a typical medical value(5 MHz)and exhibits a high-quality *** the design features of the metamaterial with the high-temperature sensitivity of the polydimethylsiloxane matrix,we achieve a temperature resolution of 30 *** value is below the current standard resolution required in infrared thermometry for monitoring postoperative complications(0.1 K).We fabricated,simulated,in vitro tested,and compared three acoustic sensor designs in the 29-43℃(~302-316 K)temperature *** this concept,we demonstrate how our passive metamaterial sensor can open the way toward new zero-power smart medical implant concepts based on acoustic interrogation.

关键词： passive resolution utilize

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Engineering stable perovskite X-ray detectors

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第10期11卷 2276-2276页

作者： Kostiantyn Sakhatskyi Maksym V.Kovalenko Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH ZürichCH-8093 ZürichSwitzerland Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyCH-8600 DübendorfSwitzerland

Nature Photonics 16,575-581(2022) The past decade has seen the raise of hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites as highly potent semi-conductors for direct-conversion X-ray *** offering unmatched cost advantages owing to solution growth,and unique defect-tolerant,intrinsic semi-conductor characteristics,these materials suffer from reduced operational stability caused by ionic drift and lattice instability.

关键词： perovskite matched inorganic

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Investigating molecular orbitals with submolecular precision on pristine sites and single atomic vacancies of monolayer h-BN

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Nano Research 2020年第8期13卷 2233-2238页

作者： Liwei Liu Thomas Dienel Gino Günzburger Teng Zhang Zeping Huang Cong Wang Roland Widmer Wei Ji Yeliang Wang Oliver Gröning School of Information and Electronics MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and DevicesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDuebendorfCH-8600Switzerland Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University and NSF-MIP Platform for the Accelerated RealizationAnalysisand Discovery of Interface Materials(PARADIM)IthacaNY14853USA Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials&Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing100872China

Understanding the influence of adsorption sites to the electronic properties of adsorbed molecules on two-dimensional(2D)ultrathin insulator is of essential importance for future organic-inorganic hybrid ***,the adsorption and electronic states of manganese phthalocyanine(MnPc)on a single layer of hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)have been comprehensively studied by low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and tight binding *** frontier orbitals of the MnPc can change drastically by reversible manipulation of individual MnPc molecules onto and away from the single atomic vacancies at the h-BN ***,the change of the molecular electronic configuration can be controlled depending on whether the atomic vacancy is below the metal center or the ligand of the *** findings give new insight into defect-engineering of the organic-inorganic hybrid nanodevices down to submolecular level.

关键词： hexagonal boron nitride phthalocyanine single atomic vacancy molecular orbital scanning tunneling microscopy

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Nano-Structured Cu/W Brazing Fillers for Advanced Joining Applications

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材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2016年第5期6卷 226-230页

作者： Frank Moszner Claudia Cancellieri Christoph Becker Mirco Chiodi Jolanta Janczak-Rusch Lars P. H.Jeurgens empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Oberlandstrasse 129 CH-8600 Dubendorf Switzerland Institute of Virtual Manufacturing (IvP) ETH Zurich Tannenstrasse 3 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland

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除臭纺织品的进展:效果评价

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国际纺织导报 2006年第5期34卷 68-75页

作者： F．A．Reifler A．Ritter 钟毅（译）陈水林（校） empa材料科学与工程研究所（瑞士）不详

描述了除臭纺织品除臭效果的评价方法。详细讨论了SMOG法及其改进方法,它通过吸附-解吸-平衡原理评价织物的臭味控制效果,可直接用于筛选具有除臭潜势的光催化材料,如二氧化钛等。

关键词：纺织品除臭吸附剂

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Special Issue on Functional Dielectrics

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2023年第4期13卷 1-2页

作者： Thulasinath Raman Venkatesan Zhongyang Cheng Laboratory of Functional Polymers empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyÜberlandstrasse 129 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland Materials Research and Education Center Auburn University Auburn AL 36849 USA

Functional materials,most of which are dielectrics,are the foundation for various sensors,actuators,and transducers,as well as energy conversion and storage *** dielectrics play a critical role in the current industry and will play a more important role in the next generation high-tech devices and ***-based functional dielectrics exhibit some unique properties,such as flexibility,light,standing with high mechanical impact,all of which make polymer-based functional dielectrics more suitable for many applications,such as wearable electronics and devices.

关键词： Functional foundation critical

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Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides(MXenes): Synthesis, Properties, and Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2020年第1期3卷 29-55页

作者： Chuanfang (John) Zhang Yonglu Ma Xuetao Zhang Sina Abdolhosseinzadeh Hongwei Sheng Wei Lan Amir Pakdel Jakob Heier Frank Nüesch Laboratory for Functional Polymers EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyUberlandstrasse 129CH-8600Dubendorf Switzerland Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design Ministry of EducationSchool of Physical Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL)Station 12CH-1015Lausanne Switzerland Assoc.Prof.A.Pakdel School of Chemistry University College Dublin (UCD) Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland

A family of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides known as MXenes has received increasing attention since the discovery of Ti3C2 in 2011. To date, about 30 different MXenes with well-defined structures and properties have been synthesized, and many more are theoretically predicted to exist. Due to the numerous assets including excellent mechanical properties, metallic conductivity,unique in-plane anisotropic structure, tunable band gap, and so on, MXenes rapidly positioned themselves at the forefront of the 2D materials world and have found numerous promising applications. Particular interest is devoted to applications in electrochemical energy storage, whereby 2D MXenes work either as electrodes,additives, separators, or hosts. This review summarizes recent advances in the synthesis, fundamental properties and composites of MXene and highlights the state-of-the-art electrochemical performance of MXene-based electrodes/*** progresses in the field of supercapacitors and Li-ion batteries, Li-S batteries, Naand other alkali metal ion batteries are reviewed, and current challenges and new opportunities for MXenes in this surging energy storage field are presented. In the focus of interest is the possibility to boost device-level performance, particularly that of rechargeable batteries, which are of utmost importance in future energy technologies. Very recently, the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to the inventors of the Li-ion battery. For sure, this will provide an additional stimulation to study fundamental aspects of electrochemical energy storage.

关键词： battery energy storage MXene supercapacitor transition metal carbide

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Tailoring thermoelectric properties of Zr(0.43)Hf(0.57)NiSn half-Heusler compound by defect engineering

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Rare Metals 2020年第6期39卷 659-670页

作者： Krzysztof Galazka Wenjie Xie Sascha Populoh Myriam H.Aguirre Songhak Yoon Gesine Büttner Anke Weidenkaff Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion Warsaw 01-497Poland Department of Materials Science Technische Universitat DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany Laboratory for Solid State Chemistry and Catalysis EmpaDlibendorf 8600Switzerland Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon Universidad de ZaragozaSaragossa 50018Spain Departamento de Fisica de la Materia Condensada Universidad de ZaragozaSaragossa 50009Spain Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas Universidad de ZaragozaSaragossa 50018Spain Fraunhofer Research Institution for Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies IWKS Hanau 63457Germany

The thermoelectric transport properties of Zr0.43Hf0.57 NiSn half-Heusler compounds were investigated for samples sintered with different spark plasma sintering(SPS)periods:8,32 and 72 *** means of scanning transmission electron microscopy with a highangular annular dark-field detector(STEM-HAADF),it was found that sintering time affected the defect concentration,namely the amount of Ni interstitial atoms,and created locally ordered inclusions of full-Heusler *** structural information,phase composition and electrical transport properties could be consistently explained by the assumption that Ni interstitials give rise to an impurity band situated about 100 meV below the bottom of the conduction band via a self-doping *** impurity band was found to merge with the conduction band for the sample with intermediate SPS *** effect was ascribed to the gradual dissolution of full-Heusler phase inclusions and production of interstitial Ni defects,which eventually vanished for the sample with the longest sintering *** was demonstrated that the modification of the density of states near the edge of the conduction band and enhanced overall charge carrier concentration provided by defect engineering led to overall 26%increase in the thermoelectric figure of merit(ZT)with respect to the other samples.

关键词： Thermoelectric Half-Heusler Interstitial Defect engineering

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An Analytical Model for the Electrolyser Performance Derived from Materials Parameters

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2017年第10期5卷 34-49页

作者： Noris Gallandat Krzysztof Romanowicz Andreas Züttel Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC) Basic Science Faculty (SB) école polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland GRZ Technologies Ltd. Sion Switzerland empa Materials Science & Technology Dübendorf Switzerland

Hydrogen is seen as a key element for the transition from a fossil fuel based economy to a renewable, sustainable economy. Hydrogen can be used either directly as an energy carrier or as a feedstock for the reduction of CO2 to synthetic hydrocarbons. Hydrogen can be produced by electrolysis, decomposing water in oxygen and hydrogen. This paper presents an overview of the three major electrolysis technologies: acidic (PEM), alkaline (AEL) and solid oxide electrolysis (SOEC). An updated list of existing electrolysers and commercial providers is provided. Most interestingly, the specific prices of commercial devices are also given when available. Despite tremendous development of the PEM technology in the past decades, the largest and most efficient electrolysers are still alkaline. Thus, this technology is expected to play a key role in the transition to the hydrogen society. A detailed description of the components in an alkaline electrolyser and an analytical model of the process are provided. The analytical model allows investigating the influence of the different operating parameters on the efficiency. Specifically, the effect of temperature on the electrolyte conductivity—and thus on the efficiency—is analyzed. It is found that in the typical range of operating temperatures for alkaline electrolysers of 65°C - 220°C, the efficiency varies by up to 3.5 percentage points, increasing from 80% to 83.5% at 65°C and 220°C, respectively.

关键词： Electrolysis Hydrogen Production Analytical Modeling Technology Overview

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Longitudinal monitoring and prediction of long-term outcome of scar stiffness on pediatric patients

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Burns & Trauma 2021年第1期9卷 196-206页

作者： Bettina Müller Edoardo Mazza Clemens Schiestl Julia Elrod Institute for Mechanical Systems Department of Mechanical and Process EngineeringETH ZurichLeonhardstrasse 218092 ZurichSwitzerland empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyUeberlandstrasse 1298600 DübendorfSwitzerland Burn Center Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryUniversity Children’s Hospital ZurichSteinwiesstrasse 758032 ZürichSwitzerland Children’s Research Center(CRC) University Children’s Hospital ZurichSteinwiesstrasse 758032 ZürichSwitzerland

Background:Hypertrophic scarring after burn injury is one of the greatest unmet challenges in patients with burn injuries.A better understanding of the characteristics of scar maturation and early prediction of the long-term outcome of scarring are prerequisites for improving targeted therapies and pivotal for patient ***:Repeated measurements of scar stiffness in 11 pediatric patients were performed over the course of 1 year using 2 suction devices,the Cutometer and the *** addition,the observer pliability score of the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale was *** longitudinal study allowed quantification of the ability of each of the measured parameters to reflect scar maturation,as indicated by change in skin pliability/stiffness,over time(using linear regression);the ability to distinguish individual patients(intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC));the correlation of the devices(Spearman correlation coefficient);and the ability to predict longterm scar maturation based on early scar assessment(using receiver operating characteristic).Results:All the tools used showed significant longitudinal decrease of scar stiffness from 3 months until 12 months after the *** Nimble(ICC_(patient)^(Nimble)=0.99)and the Cutometer(ICC_(patient)^(Cuto)=0.97)demonstrated an excellent ability to distinguish between individual *** Nimble seemed to be able to predict the 12-month pliability of scars based on early(3-month)measurements(area under the curve(AUC)_(12m)^(POSAS)=0.67;AUC_(12m)^(C)=0.46;AUC_(12m)^(N)=0.79).Conclusions:The results of this preliminary study suggest that all 3 tools provide suitable means to quantify alterations in scar stiffness over *** evidence suggests the Nimble is most favorable for predicting changes in stiffness associated with long-term scar *** studies with a larger sample size are required to validate tissue suction as a clinical tool for analysis of changes of scar stiffne

关键词： Pediatric burns Scar maturation POSAS Cutometer Nimble

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