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The secondary injury cascade after spinal cord injury:an analysis of local cytokine/chemokine regulation

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1308-1317页

作者： Daniel J.Hellenbrand Charles M.Quinn Zachariah J.Piper Ryan T.elder Raveena R.Mishra Taylor L.Marti Phoebe M.Omuro Rylie M.Roddick Jae Sung Lee William L.Murphy Amgad S.Hanna department of Neurosurgery University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWIUSA department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Forward BIO Institute University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA

After spinal cord injury,there is an extensive infiltration of immune cells,which exacerbates the injury and leads to further neural ***,a major aim of current research involves targeting the immune response as a treatment for spinal cord *** much research has been performed analyzing the complex inflammatory process following spinal cord injury,there remain major discrepancies within previous literature regarding the timeline of local cytokine *** objectives of this study were to establish an overview of the timeline of cytokine regulation for 2 weeks after spinal cord injury,identify sexual dimorphisms in terms of cytokine levels,and determine local cytokines that significantly change based on the severity of spinal cord *** were inflicted with either a mild contusion,moderate contusion,severe contusion,or complete transection,7 mm of spinal cord centered on the injury was harvested at varying times post-injury,and tissue homogenates were analyzed with a Cytokine/Chemokine 27-Plex *** demonstrated pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin-1β,and interleukin-6 were all upregulated after spinal cord injury,but returned to uninjured levels within approximately 24 hours post-injury,while chemokines including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 remained upregulated for days *** contrast,several anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors including interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor were downregulated by 7 days *** spinal cord injury,tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1,which specifically affects astrocytes involved in glial scar development,increased more than all other cytokines tested,reaching 26.9-fold higher than uninjured *** a mild injury,11 cytokines demonstrated sexual dimorphisms;however,after a severe contusion only leptin levels were different between female and male *** conclusion,pro-inflammatory cytokines in

关键词： astrocytes chemokines cytokines inflammation macrophages microglia secondary damage spinal cord injury

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Community emergency medicine:Benefits and challenges of screening for elder abuse in the emergency department of a developing country

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World Journal of Emergency medicine 2015年第4期6卷 261-264页

作者： Muhammad Akbar Baig Asad Mian Erfaan Hussain Shahan Waheed department of Emergency medicine Aga Khan University Hospital departments of Emergency medicine Aga Khan University Hospital Adult Critical Care Services Aga Khan University Hospital

As people live longer and fewer babies are born, the elderly became the fastest and largest growing population of the world, expected to increase further from 86 million in 2005 to 394 million in 2050 worldwide. Older patients represent a large bulk of the population arriving in emergency departments （EDs） all over the world.[1] They use hospitals more frequently than younger patients, have more hospital admissions from the ED and more prolonged hospital stays.[2] elder abuse is defined as a single, or repeated, act which causes harm or distress to an older person and it can occur within any relationship where there is an expectation of trust from the elder person＇s perspective.[3,4] The ED setting is a particularly important environment being the first point of contact with formal services for the abused elderly population.[5] Careful consideration is demanded when older people attend the ED, with particular attention paid to assessment of subjective and objective data in terms of manifestations and potential indicators of abuse.

关键词： Community emergency medicine challenges of screening

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Updates of developments in interventional therapy for elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第1期21卷 1-3页

作者： Hua SHEN Xun-Xun FENG Qian-Yun GUO Yu-Jie ZHOU Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel DiseaseClinical Center for Coronary Heart DiseaseDepartment of CardiologyBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Cardiovascular diseases(CVD)are the leading cause of death in the world and one of the most common diseases in the elderly,with high prevalence and poor prognosis,which seriously affect the health of the elder *** report showed that global deaths from CVD increased from 12.4 million in 1990 to 19.8 million in 2022,reflecting the global population growth and aging,as well as the impact of metabolic,environmental,and behavioral risks.[1]With the progress of aging population,the burden of CVD in the elderly in China has increased year by year,and factors including multiple complications,organ function decline,and high complication rate have made the interventional treatment of CVD in the elderly one of the difficulties and focuses in the field of cardiology in China.

关键词： diseases patients prognosis

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Primary Ewing sarcoma of the kidney mimicking cystic papillary renal cell carcinoma in an older patient:A case repor

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2606-2613页

作者： Suhong Kim Jongsoo Park Young Hwii Ko Hee Jung Kwon department of Radiology Yeungnam UniversityDaegu 42415South Korea department of Urology Yeungnam UniversityDaegu 42415South Korea department of Pathology Yeungnam UniversityDaegu 42415South Korea

BACKGROUND Ewing’s sarcoma(ES)is a neuroectodermal tumor that typically occurs in the bones and soft tissues of children and young *** renal ES is rare;only a few cases and a small case series have been documented,and only four cases involved primary renal ES in older people(>65 years old).CASE SUMMARY Herein,we describe the radiological and pathological features of primary renal ES in an older person.A 76-year-old man complained of poor oral intake and was found to have a large cystic renal mass with indistinct margins on computed ***-guided biopsy revealed that the tumor contained small round blue *** patient underwent a right radical *** tumor cells showed diffuse membranous CD99,and nuclear friend leukemia integration 1 transcription factor and NK2 Homeobox *** in situ hybridization revealed EWSR1 ***,18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography revealed no evidence of *** patient was diagnosed with primary renal *** months following the surgery,local recurrence and distant metastasis were *** renal ES is rare and often lethal in older *** specific imaging findings are unknown,and treatment protocols have not been *** This case report describes the radiological and pathological features of primary renal ES in an older person.

关键词： Ewing sarcoma elder Renal Kidney Neuroectodermal Case report

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Cellular Senescence and SENEX Gene on the Peripheral CD4+CD25+ Treg Cells Enhancement in elderly

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Journal of Biosciences and medicines 2024年第2期12卷 70-79页

作者： Mengxin Wen Jing Chai Beng Wen School of Public Health Anhui Medical University Hefei China School of Clinical medicine Wannan Medical College Wuhu China department of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei China

Cellular senescence is a signal transduction process which maintained genomic stability and stopped mammalian cell growth. Furthermore, cellular senescence induces a protective response to a variety of DNA damage. However, this process is also associated with apoptosis, upregulated secretion of inflammatory cytokine, and promoted surrounding tissue damage. When cellular senescence accumulates to a certain extent, it triggers geriatric diseases, such as chronic inflammation, immune senescence-associated tumors and incontrollable infections. Cellular senescence gene SENEX, which was cloned in 2004, has been demonstrated to play a unique gatekeeper function in human endothelial cells when stress-induced pre-mature senescence and apoptosis occurr. The phenomenon that CD4+CD25+ Treg cells accumulated in the aged population has been well studied in recent years. Now Treg accumulation related to immune-pathology has attracted more interest. CD4+CD25+ Treg did not decline and age, but accumulated and suppressed immunoreaction. The enhanced Treg number and function may be associated with stress-induced premature senescence-mediated unique cellular senescence protection mechanisms, and SENEX may play a critical role in this process. In this article, we summarize the cellular senescence and SENEX gene in the accumulation and functional activity of CD4+CD25+ Treg in the elderly.

关键词： Cellular Senescence Gene SENEX CD4 CD25 Treg elder

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Single-cell analysis identifies phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase as a target in ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第48期29卷 6222-6234页

作者： Yan-Fei Wang Ruo-Yu He Chan Xu Xiao-Ling Li Yan-Fei Cao department of Gastroenterology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityNo.219 Moganshan RoadXihu DistrictHangzhou 310005Zhejiang ProvinceChina Clinical laboratory The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityNo.219 Moganshan RoadXihu DistrictHangzhou 310005Zhejiang ProvinceChina elder medicine department The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityNo.219 Moganshan RoadXihu DistrictHangzhou 310005Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by inflammation and ulceration,representing a significant predisposition to colorectal *** advances in single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology offer a promising avenue for dissecting the complex cellular interactions and molecular signatures driving UC *** To utilize scRNA-seq technology to dissect the complex cellular interactions and molecular signatures that underlie UC *** In this research,we integrated and analyzed the scRNA-seq data from UC ***,we conducted mRNA and protein level assays as well as pathology-related staining tests on clinical patient *** In this study,we identified the sustained upregulation of inflammatory response pathways during UC progression,characterized the features of damaged endothelial cells in ***,we uncovered the downregulation of phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase(LHPP)has a negative correlation with signal transducer and activator of transcription *** downregulation of LHPP in UC patient tissues and plasma suggests that LHPP may serve as a potential therapeutic target for *** paper highlights the importance of LHPP as a potential key target in UC and unveils its potential role in inflammation *** The findings suggest that LHPP may serve as a potential therapeutic target for UC,emphasizing its importance as a potential key target in UC and unveiling its role in inflammation regulation.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Single-cell RNA sequencing Phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase

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The Prevalence and Risk Factors of elder Abuse during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Fayoum Governorate,Egypt

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Journal of Forensic Science and medicine 2023年第3期9卷 257-263页

作者： Marwa Ali Mwaheb Asmaa Younis Elsary Amal Raouf Saleh department of Forensic medicine and Clinical Toxicology Faculty of MedicineFayoum UniversityFaiyumEgypt department of Public Health and Community medicine Faculty of MedicineFayoum UniversityFaiyumEgypt

Background: elder abuse has evolved into a global public health and human rights issue. COVID-19 had a significant impact on Egypt’s economic development and style of life. Aim: This research aimed to estimate the prevalence of elder abuse in the Fayoum Governorate of Egypt during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess the prevalence of different elder abuse subtypes and study the effect of different demographic characteristics on these abuse subtypes. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey among 201 older adults aged 60 and above in the Fayoum Governorate. The structured questionnaire used in the study had three sections: demographic characteristics, the Hwalek- Sengstock elder abuse screening test, and the Questions to Elicit elder Abuse screening tool. Results: This research documented that the prevalence of elder abuse was (72.6%) and the most prevalent types were emotional and neglect abuse (71.1% and 64.7%, respectively). In our study, 22.9% of older adults were exposed to a single type of abuse, 29.9% to two types, 26.9% to three types, and 10.4% to four types. Female is significantly higher than male abuse exposure (66.7% vs. 33.3%). 52.4% versus 7.1% were more likely to be abused than elderly persons who earn enough income. Conclusion: According to this study, emotional and neglect abuse were the most common types of elder abuse. Risk factors for elder abuse included being between the ages of 60 and 70 years, being a woman, residing in a rural location, being illiterate, jobless, married, earning little money, and belonging to a middle-class socioeconomic group. For the general public to better comprehend the consequences of elder abuse on their health and human rights, awareness and education must be increased.

关键词： Abuse Egypt elderly mistreatment old age

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Molecular approach to genetic and epigenetic pathogenesis of early-onset colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第1期8卷 83-98页

作者： gulcin tezcan berrin tunca secil ak gulsah cecener unal egeli department of medical biology faculty of medicineuludag university16059 BursaTurkey

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most frequent cancer type and the incidence of this disease is increasing gradually per year in individuals younger than 50 years old. The current knowledge is that early-onset CRC(EOCRC) cases are heterogeneous population that includes both hereditary and sporadic forms of the CRC. Although EOCRC cases have some distinguishing clinical and pathological features than elder age CRC, the molecular mechanism underlying the EOCRC is poorly clarified. Given the significance of CRC in the world of medicine, the present review will focus on the recent knowledge in the molecular basis of genetic and epigenetic mechanism of the hereditary forms of EOCRC, which includes Lynch syndrome, Familial CRC type X, Familial adenomatous polyposis, Mut YH-associated polyposis, Juvenile polyposis syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and sporadic forms of EOCRC. Recent findings about molecular genetics and epigenetic basis of EOCRC gave rise to new alternative therapy protocols. Although exact diagnosis of these cases still remains complicated, the present review paves way for better predictions and contributes to more accurate diagnostic and therapeutic strategies into clinical approach.

关键词： Early-onset Colorectal cancer Epigeneticmechanism Genetic mechanism Clinical outcome

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3D-printed scaffolds with 2D hetero-nanostructures and immunomodulatory cytokines provide pro-healing microenvironment for enhanced bone regeneration

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第9期27卷 216-230页

作者： Xifeng Liu Bipin Gaihre Sungjo Park Linli Li Babak Dashtdar Maria D.Astudillo Potes Andre Terzic Benjamin D.elder Lichun Lu department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Mayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA department of Cardiovascular medicine and Center for Regenerative medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN55905USA

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is driving forward the progresses of various engineering fields, including tissue engineering. However, the pristine 3D-printed scaffolds usually lack robust functions in stimulating desired activity for varied regeneration applications. In this study, we combined the two-dimensional (2D) hetero-nanostructures and immuno-regulative interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokines for the functionalization of 3D-printed scaffolds to achieve a pro-healing immuno-microenvironment for optimized bone injury repair. The 2D hetero-nanostructure consists of graphene oxide (GO) layers, for improved cell adhesion, and black phosphorous (BP) nanosheets, for the continuous release of phosphate ions to stimulate cell growth and osteogenesis. In addition, the 2D hetero-nanolayers facilitated the adsorption of large content of immuno-regulative IL-4 cytokines, which modulated the polarization of macrophages into M2 phenotype. After in vivo implantation in rat, the immuno-functioned 3D-scaffolds achieved in vivo osteo-immunomodulation by building a pro-healing immunological microenvironment for better angiogenesis and osteogenesis in the defect area and thus facilitated bone regeneration. These results demonstrated that the immuno-functionalization of 3D-scaffolds with 2D hetero-nanostructures with secondary loading of immuno-regulative cytokines is an encouraging strategy for improving bone regeneration.

关键词： 3D-printing 2D materials Bone repair Osteo-immunomodulation Cytokines

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Circadian clock and temporal meal pattern

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Medical Review 2023年第1期3卷 85-101页

作者： Xin Li Zheng Sun department of medicine-Endocrinology Diabetesand MetabolismBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA department of medicine-Endocrinology Diabetesand MetabolismBaylor College of Medicine1 Baylor Plz MS185HoustonTX 77030USA department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA

The central circadian clock in the brain controls the time-of-the-day variations in acute meal responses,with a low glycemic response but a high satiety/thermo-genic response to meals consumed at waking compared to other time ***,studies show that consuming a significant proportion of calories,particularly carbohydrates,in breakfast is beneficial for the chronic management of obesity and its associated metabolic syndrome,compared to consuming identical meals at ***,breakfast skipping or/and late dinner can have unfavorable metabolic *** remains controversial how meal frequency affects metabolic *** contrast,irregular meals,especially irregular breakfasts,show consistent adverse metabolic ***-restricted feeding(TRF),with all calories consumed within less than 12-h per day,can improve metabolism and extend lifespan.A major component of TRF in humans is caloric restriction,which contributes significantly to the beneficial effects of TRF in *** comparison,TRF effects in rodents can be independent of caloric restriction and show day/night phase *** could alleviate metabolic abnormalities due to circadian disruption,but its effects appear independent of the circadian clock in *** neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying clock-mediated metabolic regulation will shed light on the metabolic effects of temporal meal patterns.

关键词： cardiometabolic circadian rhythm daily variation diabetes meal response suprachiasmatic nuclei

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