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Impact of vaccination on the dynamics of COVID-19:A mathematical study using fractional derivatives

International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第2期17卷 201-232页

作者： Shraddha Ramdas Bandekar Mini Ghosh C.Rajivganthi division of Mathematics School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiIndia

Arrival of a new disease marks a yearlong destruction of human lives and economy in general,and if the disease turns out to be a pandemic the loss is ***-19 is one such pandemic that has claimed millions of lives till *** is a suffering throughout the world due to various factors associated with the pandemic,be it loss of livelihoods because of sudden shutdown of companies and lockdown,or loss of lives due to lack of medical aid and inadequate vaccination *** this study,we develop a six-compartmental epidemiological model incorporating *** motivation behind the study is to analyze the significance of higher vaccination efficacy and higher rate of population getting vaccinated in controlling the rise in infectives and thereby the untimely demise of various *** work begins with an ordinary differential equation model followed by stability analysis of the same,after which a fractional-order derivative model of the same is formulated and the existence of uniformly stable solution for the system is *** addition to this,we present the stability of the equilibria in general for the fractional model *** sensitivity analysis of the basic reproduction number along with its correlation with various parameters is *** addition to this,sensitivity of certain state variables in the fractional model with respect to *** orders as well with respect to different infection rate is exhibited in this *** related to lockdown and usage of face shields are incorporated in the entire study,and importance of these is highlighted in the study as *** major takeaway from the study is that mere vaccination will not sufice in eradication of the *** vaccine efficacy plays a major role along with other intervention included in the *** numerical simulations are carried out in MATLAB software using ode45 and fdel2.

关键词： Caputo fractional derivative basic reproduction number stability analysis sensitivityanalysis vaccination

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Prevalence of Malnutrition and Anaemia in Children ≤ 5 Years of Age in Some Conflict Hit Areas of Meme division of the South West Region of Cameroon

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 235-244页

作者： Asoba Gillian Nkeudem Ebong Fidelis Sameh Samuel Metuge Teh Rene Ning Ngede Laura Senge Sumbele Irene Ngole Department of Social economy and Family Management Higher Technical Teachers’ Training College University of Buea Kumba Cameroon Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Malnutrition refers to the deficiency, imbalances, or excesses in a person’s intake of energy or nutrients [1]. Khan defines anaemia as below level of Haemoglobin in red blood shown by a lower number of functioning red blood cells [2]. The crisis in the North West and South West Regions of Cameroon has led to several negative effects on children’s living conditions. There has been an increase in malnutrition and anaemia in the South West Region and Kumba in particular. The main objective of this study was “to examine the prevalence of malnutrition and anaemia in children ≤ 5 years of age in some conflict-hit areas of Meme division”. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 from March to June. We recruited 200 children ≤ 5 years into the study from three hospitals. The regional hospital annex in Kumba, Presbyterian General Hospital Kumba and the Ntam Hospital in Kumba. Socio-demographic factors were assessed using questionnaire, nutritional status was assessed by the use anthropometric measurements and an auto haematology analyser was used to determine anaemia. The overall prevalence of malnutrition in the study area was 40.5%. The prevalence of malnutrition varied significantly (P < 0.001) with the study sites. The overall prevalence of anaemia in the study area was 70.5%. The prevalence of anaemia was not significantly associated with the study sites. The prevalence of Malnutrition and Anaemia in children ≤ 5 years of age is very high in the Kumba municipalities. This could be attributed to the ongoing crisis which has caused a lot of social migrations from rural areas to Urban areas which are safer.

关键词： Malnutrition Anaemia Prevalence Conflict Hit Areas

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The Effects of Different Feeding Practices on the Nutritional Status of Infants below 12 Months Old in the Kumba 1 Sub-division

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 336-350页

作者： Gillian Nkeudem Asoba Fidelis Sameh Ebong Samuel Metuge Etchu Kaptai Tabe Teh Rene Ning Sumbele Irene Ngole Department of Social economy and Family Management Higher Technical Teachers&#8217 Training College University of Buea Kumba Cameroon Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Appropriate feeding practices are important during infancy for good health, growth and development of infants and children. WHO revised its earlier recommendation of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) of infants from 4 to 6 months of age to EBF until about 6 months of age, with the addition of complementary foods thereafter. This recommendation confirms that breast milk alone is sufficient to meet infants’ nutritional requirements for the first 6 months of life. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of various feeding practices on the Nutritional status of infants 0 - 12-month-old in the Kumba 1 Sub-division. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to August 2020. A total of 341 nursing mothers and their infants 0 - 12 months of age were recruited. Socio-demographic factors and the different feeding habits of the children were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric measurements. The overall proportion of infants who exclusively breastfed for 6 months was 69.2% and those who were mix-fed were 30.8% in the study area. The overall prevalence of malnutrition in the population was 61.0%. Among the malnourished children, 53.1% were underweight, 19.6% were wasted and 10.0% were stunted. Though not significant, the prevalence of wasting (21.0%) and underweight (58.3%) was higher among Mix-Fed (MF) children when compared to their EBF counterparts. Feeding practices affected the nutritional status of the infants. Underweight and wasting were observed among infants on Complementary Feeding (CF), although some exclusively breast-fed infants were stunted. Hence, nursing mothers should try as much as possible to practice EBF as recommended by WHO and can practice CF when the child is above six months.

关键词： Exclusive Breastfeeding Complementary Feeding Feeding Practices Infants Malnutrition Nutritional Status Underweight Wasted Stunting

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Increasing phosphorus fertilizer value of recycled iron phosphates by prolonged flooding and organic matter addition

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 631-640页

作者： Rochelle Joie SARACANLAO Hannah VAN RYCKEL Mieke VERBEECK Maarten EVERAERT Erik SMOLDERS division of Soil and Water Management Department of Earth and Environmental ScienceKU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 20Heverlee B-3001(Belgium) Soil Service of Belgium.Willem De Croylaan 48 Leuven 3001(Belgium)

Iron(Fe)minerals are commonly used to remove phosphorus(P)from waste streams,producing P-loaded Fe(Ⅲ)oxides or Fe(Ⅱ)phosphate minerals(e.g.,vivianite).These minerals may be used as fertilizers to enhance P circularity if solubilized in ***,we tested the P fertilizer value of recycled Fe phosphates(FePs)in a pot trial and in an incubation experiment,hypothesizing that P release from FePs is possible under Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing ***,a pot trial was set up with rice(Oryza sativa)in all combinations of soil flooding or not,three P-deficient soils(acid,neutral,and calcareous),and six FePs(three Fe(Ⅲ)Ps and three Fe(Ⅱ)Ps)referenced to triple superphosphate(TSP)or zero *** P uptake responded to TSP application in all treatments but only marginally to *** redox potential did not decrease to-200 mV by flooding for a brief period(13 d)during the pot trial.A longer incubation experiment(60 d)was performed,including a treatment of glutamate addition to stimulate reductive conditions,and P availability was assessed with CaCl_(2)extraction of *** addition and/or longer incubation lowered soil redox potential to<-100 *** the longer term,Fe(Ⅲ)minerals released P,and adequate P was reached in the calcareous soil and in the neutral soil amended with Fe(Ⅲ)*** can be concluded that prolonged soil flooding and organic matter addition can enhance the P fertilizer efficiency of ***,application of FeP in powder form may enhance P availability.

关键词： agronomic efficiency circular economy P-loaded Fe(Ⅲ)oxides paddy soil vivianite redox

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Effect of cardiac rehabilitation care after coronary intervention on cardiac function recovery and negative mood in patients with myocardial infarction

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 59-67页

作者： Ming Yang Yuan-Tao Huang Xi-Wen Hu Chun-Ling Wu division of Cardiovascular First Ward Departments of Internal MedicineLiyuan HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430077Hubei ProvinceChina division of Cardiovascular First Ward Departments of Internal MedicineJianli People's HospitalJianli 433300Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine People's Hospital of Dongxihu DistrictWuhan 430040Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease,particularly myocardial infarction(MI)profound impact on patients'quality of life and places a substantial burden on the healthcare and economy *** in medical technology have led to the emer-gence of coronary intervention as an essential method for treating *** To assess the effects of cardiac rehabilitation care on cardiac function recovery and negative emotions in MI after coronary *** This study included a total of 180 patients with MI during the period from June 2022 to July *** patients were divided into two groups:An observation group,which receiving cardiac rehabilitation care;a control group,which re-ceiving conventional *** comparing multiple observation indicators such as cardiac function indicators,blood pressure,exercise tolerance,occurrence of adverse cardiac events,and negative emotion scores between the two groups of *** the data were analyzed and compared between two *** There were 44 males and 46 females in the observation group with an average age of 36.26±9.88 yr;there were 43 males and 47 females in the control group,with an average age of 40.87±10.5 *** receiving the appropriate postoperative nursing measures,the results of the observation group showed significant improvement in several indicators compared with the control *** of cardiac function,such as left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly better in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).Exercise endurance assessment showed that the 6-minute walking test distance was significantly increased in the patients of the observation group(P<0.01).In addition,the incidence of adverse cardiac events was significantly lower in the observation group,and negative mood scores were significantly reduced(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Cardiac rehabilitation care after coronary intervention has a significant positive

关键词： Myocardial infarction Coronary artery intervention Cardiac rehabilitation Cardiac function recovery Negative emotions

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Ethanol-assisted synthesis of a Ni single-atom catalyst with poriferous 3D framework for efficient cascade CO2 electroreduction

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4612-4619页

作者： Feng Wu Shi-Qi Wang Sebastian Kunze Xiao-Ping Gao Pei-Qun Yin Yu-En Wu division of Life Sciences and Medicine Department of Endocrinology School of Chemistry and Materials Science The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry Seoul National University School of Biomedical Engineering Anhui Medical University

The electroreduction of carbon dioxide to generate multicarbon products is significant for achieving a carbon-neutral economy. However, the selectivity for multi-carbon products faces several challenges, such as the intricate nature of the multistep hydrogenation processes, slow reaction kinetics and the bicarbonate precipitate issue caused by alkaline conditions. These factors hinder the extensive utilization of this reaction. Herein, we successfully developed and implemented a tandem electrolyzer cascade to separate and optimize the complex elementary reactions involved in the process of multi-carbon production. This approach enables us to enhance the Faradaic efficiency (FE) of each step, consequently improving the overall performance of the system. An ethanol-assisted ionic-exchange method was utilized to synthesize a Ni

关键词： ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION CARBON-DIOXIDE ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS OXYGEN REDUCTION ENERGY HYDROCARBONS COORDINATION CHALLENGES HYDROGEN ETHYLENE

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A triboelectric nanogenerator based on a spiral rotating shaft for efficient marine energy harvesting of the hydrostatic pressure differential

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Materials Reports(Energy) 2024年第3期4卷 69-76页

作者： Xuemei Song Yuan Chao Pan Chang Bao Han Chang Xin Liu Yaxiaer Yalikun Hui Yan Yang Yang Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials(Beijing University of Technology) Ministry of EducationBeijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Property of Advanced MaterialsBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124PR China Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesSanya572000PR China division of Materials Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology8916-5 Takayama-choIkomaNara630-0192Japan

Equipment used in underwater sensing and exploration typically relies on cables or batteries for energy supply,resulting in a limited and inconvenient energy supply and marine environmental pollution that hinder the sustainable development of distributed ocean sensing ***,we design a deep-sea differential-pressure triboelectric nanogenerator(DP-TENG)based on a spiral shaft drive using modified polymer materials to harness the hydrostatic pressure gradient energy at varying ocean depths to power underwater *** spiral shaft structure converts a single compression into multiple rotations of the TENG rotor,achieving efficient conversion of differential pressure *** multi-pair electrode design enables the DP-TENG to generate a peak current of 61.7μA,the instantaneous current density can reach 0.69μA cm^(-2),and the output performance can be improved by optimizing the spiral angle of the *** DP-TENG can charge a 33μF capacitor to 17.5 V within five working *** can also power a digital calculator and light up 116 commercial power light-emitting diodes,demonstrating excellent output *** its simple structure,low production cost,and small form factor,the DP-TENG can be seamlessly integrated with underwater *** results hold broad prospects for underwater blue energy harvesting and are expected to contribute to the development of self-powered equipment toward emerging“smart ocean”and blue economy applications.

关键词： Triboelectric nanogenerators Blue energy Energy harvesting Differential pressure energy Self-power sensor

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Simple nanofabrication of a superhydrophobic and transparent biomimetic surface

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第19期54卷 3613-3616页

作者： LIM Hyuneui JUNG Dae-Hwan NOH Jung-Hyun CHOI Gyeong-Rin KIM Wan-Doo Nano-Mechanical Systems Research division Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials Biotech and Nanotech division Ministry of Knowledge Economy

This paper describes a simple fabrication method for creating superhydrophobic and transparent glass surfaces that mimic natural surfaces such as lotus leaves, moth eyes or cicada wings. Nanostructured glass surfaces were created by a combination of colloidal lithography and plasma etching. A colloidal mask was formed simply by the spin coating of the polystyrene beads and with modification of the interparticle distance between the beads. The etching of the glasses was conducted by CF4 plasma. Tower-shaped nanostructures at an aspect ratio of 1:4 were treated using fluoroalkylsilane selfassembled monolayers (SAMs) to obtain the hydrophobic surfaces. The treated glass surfaces showed superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of around 150° and a hexadecane contact angle of around 110°. Furthermore, the nanostructured glass was transparent to visible light.

关键词： 21世纪实验室进展聚苯乙烯

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Enhanced Solar Water Desalination by CuCo_(2)S_(4)-decorated Carbon Foam Derived from Waste Plastics

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第3期40卷 548-555页

作者： Muzammil HUSSAIN Tofik Ahmed SHIFA Pratik V.SHINDE Pankaj KUMAR Stefano CENTENARO Silvia GROSS Elisa MORETTI Alberto VOMIERO Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Ca'Foscari University of VeniceVia Torino 15530172 VeniceItaly Department of Industrial Engineering University of PadovaVia Venezia 135131 PadovaItaly Department of Chemical Sciences University of PadovaVia Francesco Marzolo135131 PadovaItaly division of Materials Science Department of Engineering Sciences and MathematicsLulea University of Technology97187 LuleaSweden Center for Cultural Heritage Technologies(CCHT) Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia(IT)Via Torino 15530170 Venezia-MestreItaly

Interfacial solar desalination is an emerging technology for freshwater production,but the finding of novel solar evaporators is still *** the present research,graphitic carbon foam(CF)was synthesized from the upcycling of waste plastic polyethylene terephthalate(PET)waste bottles functionalized with carrollite CuCo_(2)S_(4) as a photothermal *** characterization[X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM-EDS)]confirms the functionalization of carrollite CuCo_(2)S_(4) on graphitic carbon *** UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis showed an enhanced optical absorption in the UV-Vis-near IR region(>96%)for functionalized CuCo_(2)S_(4)-CF foam compared to carbon foam(67%).The interfacial solar desalination experiment presented a significantly enhanced evaporation rate of 2.4 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1) for CuCo_(2)S_(4)-CF compared to that of CF(1.60 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1))and that of CuCo_(2)S_(4)(1.60 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1)).The obtained results proved that the newly synthesized CuCo_(2)S_(4)-CF from the upcycled plastic into new material for the photothermal desalination process can enhance the practice of a circular economy to produce fresh water.

关键词： Photothermal desalination Cobalt Copper Chalcogenide Waste upcycling Circular economy

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Post-disaster spatial reconstruction from the perspective of a rural settlement niche in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1630-1646页

作者： LIU Yanguo WANG Li ZOU Qiang LI Jingji LU Yafeng LI Lin XU Binni WANG Lihui Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation Southwest University of Science and TechnologyChengdu 610299China Mianyang Science and Technology City division the National Remote Sensing Center of ChinaSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610299China State Key Laboratory of Geo-hazard Prevention and Geo-environment Protection(Chengdu University of Technology) Chengdu 610059China Tianfu New Area Park City Construction Bureau Chengdu Municipal Bureau of Planning and Nature ResourcesChengdu 610218China

Post-disaster recovery and reconstruction provide an effective way to reduce the disaster vulnerability of, and promote leapfrog development in, an affected area. To date, studies that have used administrative boundaries to investigate the reconstruction of settlement space have not been able to clearly define the real boundaries of land use changes or quantify the degree of response to the ‘Build-Back-Better’ initiative, and have lacked any consideration of the fourth reconstruction stage–development period(10 years). This study constructed a mountain settlement niche and analyzed the characteristics, spatial reconstruction, and drivers of rural settlements during 2009–2019 in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, southwest China. The results showed the following:(1) Natural factors were the basis for the formation and development of mountain settlement niches. The scale of the settlement niche and its land use structure depended on the physical geography features and the ethnic farming and grazing traditions. The settlement niche provided a realistic boundary for the spatial reconstruction.(2) The layout of residential land around cropland was the common feature of the mountain settlement niche. Of all the land use types, the roads and rural residential lands showed the most change over the 10 years;13,860 residential patches increased in size and 4,742 patches were abandoned.(3) The area of orchards, planted to reconstruct the economy in the mountains, increased by nearly 2.5 times.(4) Collapses, landslides, and debris flow disasters and the ecological red line influenced the spatial reconstruction. While the main focus of post-disaster recovery is spatial reconstruction, initiatives should include economic and spiritual recovery, and should also achieve sustainable development of the region.

关键词： Rural settlements Spatial reconstruction Settlement niche Post-Wenchuan Earthquake Reconstruction Southwest China

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