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Ethanol Extract of Ilex Hainanensis Merr. Exhibits Anti-Melanoma Activity by Induction of G1/S Cell-Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第1期24卷 47-55页

作者： ZHANG Ya-qi YANG Hao SUN Wei-dong WANG Juan ZHANG Bao-yuan SHEN Yan-jun YIN Min-qiang LIU Yun-xing LIU Chang SUN Yun College of Medicine Yangzhou University YangzhouJiangsu Province 225009 China College of Clinical Chinese Medicine Yangzhou University Yangzhou Jiangsu Province 225009 China Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute Yangzhou University Yangzhou Jiangsu Province 225009 China Chinese Medicine Hospital of YangzhouCity Yangzhou Jiangsu Province 225009 China Oncology Business Unit Wuxi AppTec. Inc Shanghai 200131 China

Objective： To evaluate anti-melanoma effect of ethanol extract of Ilex hainanensis Merr. （IME） and elucidate its underlying mechanism. Methods： Thirty-six tumor-bearing mice were randomized into 6 groups （n=6） as follows： model group, IME 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg groups and dacarbazine （DTIC） 70 mg/kg group. The mice in the IME treatment groups were intragastrically administered with IME 25, 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg per day, respectively. The mice in the DTIC group were intraperitoneally injected with DTIC 70 mg/kg every 2 days. The drug administration was lasting for 14 days. The cell viability was evaluated by 3-（4,5-dime-thylthylthiazol-2-yl）-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. Flow cytometry was employed to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. The gene and protein expressions of nuclear factor κB-p65 （NF-κB-p65）, Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma-extra large （Bcl-xL） and Bax were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. Caspases-3, -8, and -9 activities were detected using the colorimetric method. In addition, a B16-F10 melanoma xenograft mouse model was used to evaluate the anti-cancer activity of IME in vivo. Furthermore, a survival experiment of tumor-bearing mice was also performed to evaluate the possible toxicity of IME. Results： IME significantly inhibited the proliferation of B16-F10 cells （P〈0.01）. Flow cytometric analysis showed that IME induced G1/S cell cycle arrest and apoptosis （both P〈0.01）. IME inhibited activation of NF-κB, decreased the gene and protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and inc.eased the gene and protein expressions of Bax （all P〈0.01）. In addition, IME induced the activation of Caspases-3, -8, and -9 in B16-F10 cells. The study in vivo showed that IME significantly reduced tumor volume （P〈0.01）, and the inhibitory rate came up to 68.62%. IME also induced large areas of necrosis and intra-tumoral apoptosis that correlated with a reduction in tumor volume. Survival experiment showed that trea

关键词： Ilex hainanensis Merr. anti-melanoma activity G1/S arrest apoptosis survival time caspase,Chinese medicine

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Sofosbuvir-based Regimens with Task Shifting Is Cost-effective in Expanding Hepatitis C Treatment Access in the United States

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2017年第1期5卷 16-22页

作者： Channa R.Jayasekera Rachel Beckerman Nathaniel Smith Ryan B.Perumpail Robert J.Wong Zobair M.Younossi Aijaz Ahmed Liver Transplant Program Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA Center for Innovation in Global Health Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA Maple Health group LLCNew YorkNew YorkUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Alameda Health SystemHighland HospitalOaklandCaliforniaUSA Department of Medicine Center for Liver DiseasesInova Fairfax HospitalFalls ChurchVirginiaUSA Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research Inova Health SystemFalls ChurchVirginiaUSA

Background and Aims:The current paradigm of specialist physician-managed treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection(HCV)is inefficient in absorbing the approximately 3 million patients awaiting treatment in the United *** shifting—whereby specialist physicians screen patients for treatment eligibility but on-treatment monitoring is devolved to more abundant non-physician clinicians—achieves non-inferior treatment outcomes with second generation direct-acting antivirals(2^(nd)Gen DAAs),may inc.ease treatment capacity,and may facilitate greater treatment *** determined the cost effectiveness of 2^(nd)Gen DAAs with respect to interferon-based first-generation DAAs(1^(st)Gen DAAs)within a task-shifted treatment ***:Using a previously described decision-analytic Markov structure,we modeled a hypothetical cohort of 1,000 patients with HCV genotype 1 infection over a lifetime horizon,based upon our outreach clinic's HCV treatment ***-naive and treatment-experienced HCV cohorts were modeled separately,based upon our outr8each clinic's *** response to 2^(nd)Gen DAAs was modeled based on our outreach clinic's *** events,utility,costing,and transition probabilities were sourced from the ***:Driven by improved effectiveness and safety,as well as an expected inc.ease in treatment capacity,2^(nd)Gen DAAs treatment monitored by non-physician clinicians was projected to improve health outcomes and be dominant from a cost-effective perspective versus that of 1^(st)Gen *** were consistent across all assessed patient ***:Based on an assumption of inc.eased treatment capacity accompanying a task-shifted treatment model,2^(nd)Gen DAAs-based treatment was cost effective and cost saving as compared to 1^(st)Gen DAAs-based treatment for all HCV patient subgroups assessed.

关键词： Hepatitis C Treatment access Task shifting Cost effectiveness

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Efficient organic solar cells with low-temperature in situ prepared Ga_(2)O_(3) or In_(2)O_(3) electron collection layers

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Science China Materials 2021年第5期64卷 1095-1104页

作者： Yiming Bai Rongkang Shi Yinglong Bai Fuzhi Wang Jun Wang Tasawar Hayat Ahmed Alsaedi Zhan’ao Tan State Key Laboratory Of Alternate Electrical Power System With Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Institute of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China NAAM Research group Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Facile synthesis of an interfacial layer in organic solar cells (OSCs) is important for broadening material designs and upscaling photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE).Herein,a mild solution process of spin-coating In(acac)3and Ga(acac)3isopropanol precursors followed by low-temperature thermal treatment was developed to fabricate In_(2)O_(3)and Ga2O3cathode buffer layers (CBLs).The introduction of In_(2)O_(3)or Ga2O3CBLs endows PM6:Y6-based OSCs with outstanding performance and high PCEs of 16.17%and 16.01%,*** studies present that the In_(2)O_(3)layer possesses a work function (WF) of 4.58 ev,which is more favorable for the formation of ohmic contact compared with the Ga2O3layer with a WF of 5.06 ev and leads to a higher open circuit voltage for the former *** impedance spectroscopy was performed to reveal how In_(2)O_(3)and Ga2O3affect the internal charge transfer and the origin of their performance *** In_(2)O_(3)possesses lower series resistance loss,Ga2O3has a higher recombination resistance,which enhances the device fill factor and compensates for its series resistance loss to some *** analysis of the photo-physics of In_(2)O_(3)and Ga2O3suggests that both are excellent CBLs for highly efficient OSCs.

关键词： organic solar cells cathode buffer layer In_(2)O_(3) Ga_(2)O_(3) charge transfer

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Synthesis of P,N-2,2'-biphenyl derivatives with central chirality

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第9期53卷 1907-1913页

作者： JEAN Ludovic POULIQUEN Michael BLANCHET Jérme LASNE Marie-Claire ROUDEN Jacques Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique UMR 6507 CNRS-ENSICAEN & Université de Caen-Basse Normandie6 Boulevard du Maréchal Juin14050 CaenInstitut Normand de Chimie MoléculaireMédicinale et Macromoléculaire(INC3M)

Enantiopure 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-1,1'-biphenyl derivatives substituted in the 2'-position by a chiral amino group were *** the compound bearing an acyclic chiral chain,the key step was a Suzuki coupling between bromobenzeneboronic acid and N-Boc-iodoaniline whereas an aromatic nucleophilic substitution allowed the introduction of a chiral pyrrolidine in the 2'-position of the biphenyl *** efficiency of the P,N-biphenyl pyrrolidine derivatives as ligands in Pd-catalyzed arylaminations compares well with that of DavePhos ligand.

关键词： 3-aminopyrrolidines Suzuki coupling biphenyls chiral ligand arylamination

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Rolapitant预防术后恶心呕吐：一项前瞻性、双盲、安慰剂对照的随机试验

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麻醉与镇痛 2012年第4期8卷 23-30页

作者： Tong J. Gan Jiezhun Gu Neil Singla Frances Chung Michael H. Pearman Sergio D. Bergese Ashraf S. Habib Keith A. Candiotti Yi Mo Susan Huyck Mary R. Creed Marc Cantillon Rolapitant Investigation group 黄礼兵(译) 崔苏扬(校) Department of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina Department of Clinical Trials Statistics Duke Clinical Research Institute Durham North Carolina Lotus Clinical Research Inc. Arcadia California Department of Anesthesia University Health Network University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Department of Anesthesia Jane Phillips Medical Center Bartlesville Oldahoma Department of Anesthesiology and Neurological Surgery Ohio State University Columbus Ohio Department of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina University of Miami Miami Florida tt Schering-Plough Research Institute Kenilworth New Jersey Duke Clinical Research Institute Durham North Carolina See the Appendix for a full listing of Rolapitant Investigation group participating investigators 不详

背景术后恶心呕吐（postoperativenauseaandvomiting，PONV）是一种常见的术后并发症。研究证实神经激肽．1（neurokinin一1，NK，）受体拮抗剂可以安全有效地用于预防和治疗人类PONV。Rolapitant（罗纳吡坦）为一种吸收迅速、半衰期相... 详细信息

背景术后恶心呕吐（postoperativenauseaandvomiting，PONV）是一种常见的术后并发症。研究证实神经激肽．1（neurokinin一1，NK，）受体拮抗剂可以安全有效地用于预防和治疗人类PONV。Rolapitant（罗纳吡坦）为一种吸收迅速、半衰期相当长（达180小时）的强效选择性NK、受体拮抗剂，潜在的药物相互作用低。我们对Rolapitant用于预防PONV高危人群的量效关系以及术后5天的预防迟发性IK）NV的效果进行了研究。方法这项关于Rolapitant的随机、多中心、双盲、有效剂量范围的研究设有安慰剂组和阳性对照组。纳入619例行开腹手术的成年妇女，基于PONV或晕动病史进行分层，分为6个研究组：Rolapitant口服剂量5mg组、20mg组、70nag组或200mg组；静注昂丹司琼4mg组或安慰剂组。主要研究终点：不考虑补救用药，拔管后24小时的无呕吐发生率。结果Rolapitant20mg、70mg或200mg组患者的术后24小时无呕吐发生率高于安慰剂组。Rolapitant剂量与主要转归呈线性相关。与安慰剂组相比，Rolapitant70mg和200mg组的呕吐次数明显更低（P≤0．001，对数秩和检验）。尽管术后24小时无呕吐次数在Rolapitant组和昂丹司琼对照组没有明显差异，但Rolapitant200mg组和70mg组的术后72小时和120小时无呕吐发生率更高（不考虑补救用药）。结论Rolapitant降低术后呕吐的疗效优于安慰剂，呈剂量依赖性地降低呕吐发生率。而且Rolapitant与安慰剂在不良反应方面没有差异。

关键词：术后恶心呕吐安慰剂对照随机试验预防双盲受体拮抗剂阳性对照组 PONV

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Characteristics of night-time sleeping places selected by golden monkeys(Rhinopithecus bieti)in the Samage Forest,Baima Snow Mountain Nature Reserve,China

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Integrative Zoology 2006年第4期1卷 141-152页

作者： Dayong LI Cyril C.GRUETER Baoping REN Qihai ZHOU Ming LI Zhengsong PENG Fuwen WEI Animal Ecology and Conservation Genetics group Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesHaidianBeijingChina College of Life Science China West Normal UniversityNanchongSichuanChina Anthropological Institute and Museum University of Zürich-IrchelSwitzerland College of Life Science Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilinGuangxiChina

We examined the criteria for sleeping place selection in a social band of Rhinopithecus bieti(black-and-white snubnosed or golden monkeys)living in the mountainous Samage Forest,Baima Snow Mountain Nature Reserve,Yunnan,*** performed princ.pal component analysis and found that slope aspect,tree height and trunk diameter were likely key variables influencing selection of sleeping *** sites were preferentially located in mixed deciduous/conifer *** monkeys slept exclusively in evergreen trees,of which 82%were conifers(mostly Picea likiangensis and Tsuga dumosa)and 18%evergreen oaks(Cyclobalanopsis oxyodon and Quercus spp.).Sleeping trees were tall(mean 30.5 m),had high boles(mean 18.4 m),large diameters(mean 62.6 cm)and large crown areas(mean 57.9 m^(2)).A comparative analysis of phytological and architectural features between trees in“sleeping site plots”(n=18)and trees in“non-sleeping-site plots”(n=66)revealed that diameter,crown surface area and tree height were significantly(Peveral occasions,but not on consecutive *** is most likely that a mix of factors(stability of trees,access to food,unit cohesion,monitoring potential)explains the pattern of sleeping site preference,but predation at night seems to be only slightly *** appears to have a profound influence on patterns of sleeping site selection in the monkeys’harsh temperate *** is demonstrated by the monkeys’preference for mixed forest at medium elevations over montane fir forest at high elevations and slopes instead of ridges,with reduced exposure to wind and precipitation inherent in the *** also emphasize the possibly substantial role that non-environmental factors(the nature of social organization and socio-behavioral strategies)play in deter

关键词： black-and-white snub-nosed monkey Colobinae conifers predation sleeping sites sleeping trees temperate environment

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Metasurface-based multi-harmonic freeelectron light source

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 428-439页

作者： Gilles Rosolen Liang Jie Wong Nicholas Rivera Bjorn Maes Marin Soljačić Ido Kaminer Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA Micro-and Nanophotonic Materials group University of MonsPlace du Parc 207000 MonsBelgium Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology 2 Fusionopolis WayInnovisSingapore 138634Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 32000Israel

Metasurfaces are subwavelength spatial variations in geometry and material where the structures are of negligible thickness compared to the wavelength of light and are optimized for far-field applications,such as controlling the wavefronts of electromagnetic ***,we investigate the potential of the metasurface near-field profile,generated by an inc.dent few-cycle pulse laser,to facilitate the generation of high-frequency light from free *** particular,the metasurface near-field contains higher-order spatial harmonics that can be leveraged to generate multiple higher-harmonic X-ray frequency *** show that the X-ray spectral profile can be arbitrarily shaped by controlling the metasurface geometry,the electron energy,and the inc.dence angle of the laser *** ab initio simulations,we predict bright and monoenergetic X-rays,achieving energies of 30 kev(with harmonics spaced by 3 kev)from 5-Mev electrons using 3.4-ev plasmon polaritons on a metasurface with a period of 85 *** an example,we present the design of a four-color X-ray source,a potential candidate for tabletop multicolor hard X-ray *** developments could help pave the way for compact multi-harmonic sources of high-energy photons,which have potential applications in industry,medicine,and the fundamental sciences.

关键词： spectroscopy harmonic harmonics

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维生素C、E对中华绒螯蟹生殖性能的影响

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水产学报 2003年第1期27卷 62-68页

作者：艾春香,陈立侨,周忠良,Glenn Y Deng,江洪波华东师范大学生命科学学院华东师范大学生命科学学院华东师范大学生命科学学院 NuGen Technologies 华东师范大学生命科学学院上海　200062 上海　200062 上海　200062 inc. 821 Industrial Road San Carlos CA 94070 U.S.A. 上海　200062

通过对河蟹雌性亲体投喂不添加或添加VC、VE的4组实验饲料,并以新鲜河蚌为对照,进行198d饲养试验,以雌蟹性腺系数、产卵力、孵化率以及各组织中SOD活性、MDA含量等指标作为判据,研究了VC、VE对雌蟹生殖性能的影响。结果表明,1(投喂添加0... 详细信息

通过对河蟹雌性亲体投喂不添加或添加VC、VE的4组实验饲料,并以新鲜河蚌为对照,进行198d饲养试验,以雌蟹性腺系数、产卵力、孵化率以及各组织中SOD活性、MDA含量等指标作为判据,研究了VC、VE对雌蟹生殖性能的影响。结果表明,1(投喂添加0.5mg·(100g)-1VC饲料组)、2(投喂添加0.022mg·(100g)-1VE饲料组)和3(投喂添加0.5mg·(100g)-1VC饲料和0.022mg·(100g)-1VE饲料组)3个组雌蟹的产卵力分别为3620个卵细胞·g-1体重、3540个卵细胞·g-1体重、3710个卵细胞·g-1体重,孵化率分别是83.03%、84.06%、86.27%,均极显著高于4组(投喂未添加维生素饲料组)雌蟹的产卵力(2490个卵细胞·g-1体重)和孵化率(29.28%)(P<0.01),也显著高于5组(饲喂河蚌)雌蟹的产卵力(3010个卵细胞·g-1体重)和孵化率(71.12%)(P<0.05)。雌蟹卵巢中SOD活性,1、2和3组则比4组和5组显著低(P<0.05),分别为56.35Nu·mL-1、53.61Nu·mL-1和39.87Nu·mL-1,相应地,MDA含量分别为6.03nmol·mL-1、5.65nmol·mL-1和5.57nmol·mL-1;4组雌蟹,虽然其卵巢中SOD活性较高,达79.25Nu·mL-1,但因饲料中缺乏抗氧化性的VC、VE,引发卵子脂质过氧化,MDA含量显著增加(P<0.05),为23.18nmol·mL-1,导致卵质低下,从而影响了卵子孵化。综上所述,雌蟹饲料中添加适量的VC

关键词：中华绒螯蟹维生素C、E 生殖营养需求生殖性能

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Exploratory study on microRNA profiles from plasma-derived extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2019年第1期8卷 382-398页

作者： Ana Gámez-Valero Jaume Campdelacreu Dolores Vilas Lourdes Ispierto Ramón Reñé RamiroÁlvarez MPilar Armengol Francesc E.Borràs Katrin Beyer Department of Pathology Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol(IGTP)Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBadalona 08916Spain REMAR-IVECAT group Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol(IGTP)08916 BadalonaSpain Department of Neurology Hospital Universitari de BellvitgeL’Hospitalet de Llobregat 08907Spain Department of Neurology Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol08916 BadalonaSpain Genomic and Microscopy facilities Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol(IGTP)08916 BadalonaSpain Department of Cell Biology Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona(UAB)BarcelonaSpain

Background:Because of the inc.easing life expectancy in our society,aging-related neurodegenerative disorders are one of the main issues in global *** of these diseases are characterized by the deposition of misfolded proteins and a progressive cognitive *** these diseases,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and dementia with Lewy bodies(DLB)are the most common types of degenerative *** both show specific features,an important neuropathological and clinical overlap between them hampers their correct *** this work,we identified molecular biomarkers aiming to improve the misdiagnosis between both ***:Plasma extracellular vesicles(evs)-from DLB,AD and healthy controls-were isolated using size-exclusion chromatography(SEC)and characterized by flow cytometry,Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis(NTA)and cryo-electron *** Generation Sequencing(NGS)and related bibliographic search was performed and a selected group of ev-associated microRNAs(miRNAs)was analysed by ***:Results uncovered two miRNAs(hsa-miR-451a and hsa-miR-21-5p)significantly down-regulated in AD samples respect to DLB patients,and a set of four miRNAs(hsa-miR-23a-3p,hsa-miR-126-3p,hsa-let-7i-5p,and hsamiR-151a-3p)significantly decreased in AD respect to *** two miRNAs showing decreased expression in AD in comparison to DLB provided area under the curve(AUC)values of 0.9 in ROC curve analysis,thus suggesting their possible use as biomarkers to discriminate between both *** gene analysis of these miRNAs using prediction online tools showed accumulation of phosphorylation enzymes,presence of proteasome-related proteins and genes involved in cell death among ***:Our data suggest that plasma-ev associated miRNAs may reflect a differential profile for a given dementia-related disorder which,once validated in larger cohorts of patients,could help to improve the differential diagnosis of DLB versus AD.

关键词： Neurodegenerative disorders Biomarker Exosomes Next generation sequencing Extracellular vesicles

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Glehnia fittoralis Extract Promotes Neurogenesis in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus of the Adult Mouse through inc.easing Expressions of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Tropomyosin-Related Kinase B

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Chinese Medical Journal 2018年第6期131卷 689-695页

作者： Joon Ha Park Bich Na Shin Ji Hyeon Ahn Jeong Hwi Cho Tae-Kyeong Lee Jae-Chul Lee Yong Hwan Jeon II Jun Kang Ki-Yeon Yoo In Koo Hwang Choong Hyun Lee Yoo Hun Noh Sung-Su Kim Moo-Ho Won Jong Dai Kim Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Hallym University Chuncheon 24252 Korea Department of Neurobiology School of Medicine Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea Department of Radiology School of Medicine Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea Department of Food Science and Nutrition Hallym University Chuncheon 24252 Korea epartment of Oral Anatomy College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Biology Gangneung-Wonju National University Gangneung 25457 Korea Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science Seoul National University Seou108826 Korea Department of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Dankook University Cheonan 31116 Korea Famenity Biomedical Research Center Famenity Inc. Gyeonggi 13837 Korea Division of Food Biotechnology School of Biotechnology Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Korea

Background： Glehnia littoralis has been used for traditional Asian medicine, which has diverse therapeutic activities. However, studies regarding neurogenic effects of G. littoralis have not yet been considered. Therefore, in this study, we examined effects of G. littoralis extract on cell proliferation, neuroblast differentiation, and the maturation of newborn neurons in the hippocampus of adult mice. Methods： A total of 39 male ICR mice （12 weeks old） were randomly assigned to vehicle-treated and 100 and 200 mg/kg G. littoralis extract-treated groups （n = 13 in each group）. Vehicle and G. littoralis extract were orally administrated for 28 days. To examine neurogenic effects ofG. litmralis extract, we performed immunohistochemistry tbr 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine （BrdU, an indicator for cell proliferation） and doublecortin （DCX, an immature neuronal marker） and double immunofluorescence staining for BrdU and neuronal nuclear antigen （NeuN, a mature neuronal marker）. In addition, we examined expressional changes of brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and its major receptor tropomyosin-related kinase B （TrkB） using Western blotting analysis. Results： Treatment with 200 mg/kg, not 100 mg/kg, significantly inc.eased number of BrdU-immunoreactive （＋） and DCX＋ cells （48.0 ±3.1and 72.0 ± 3.8 cells/section, respectively） in the subgranular zone （SGZ） of the dentate gyrus （DG） and BrdU＊/NeuN＋ cells （17.0 ±1.5 cells/section） in the granule cell layer as well as in the SGZ. In addition, protein levels of BDNF and YrkB （about 232% and 244% of the vehicle-treated group, respectively） were significantly inc.eased in the DG of the mice treated with 200 mg/kg ofG. littoralis extract. Conclusion： G. littoralis extract promots cell proliferation, neuroblast differentiation, and neuronal maturation in the hippocampal DG, and neurogenic effects might be closely related to inc.eases ofBDN F and TrkB proteins by G. littoralis extract treatment.

关键词： Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor CellProliferation Glehnia littoralis Neuroblast Differentiation Tropomyosin-Related Kinase B

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