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Enriching Iodine and Regulating Grain Aroma,Appearance Quality,and Yield in Aromatic rice by Foliar Application of Sodium Iodide

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rice science 2024年第3期31卷 328-342,I0046-I0054页

作者： HONG Weiyuan DUAN Meiyang WANG Yifei CHEN Yongjian MO Zhaowen QI Jianying PAN Shenggang TANG Xiangru State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Scientific Observing and experimental station of Crop Cultivation in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairGuangzhou 510642China Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Aromatic rice Guangzhou 510642China

Applying iodine fertilizers to cultivate iodine-rich crops for daily intake is an effective approach for iodine supplementation,especially for aromatic *** experiments were conducted during the early growing seasons of 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the impacts of foliar application of iodine fertilizer on aromatic rice and to explore the optimal iodine fertilizer *** the full heading stage,six different concentrations of sodium iodide solutions of 0%(CK),0.010%(T1),0.025%(T2),0.050%(T3),0.075%(T4),and 0.100%(T5)were applied to indica aromatic rice cultivars Meixiangzhan 2 and *** results showed that sodium iodide treatments significantly increased the iodine and sodium contents in both leaves and *** with the CK,the T1 and T2 treatments increased the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)content in mature grains by 8.41%-101.66%and 13.58%-74.60%,*** in the contents of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid,proline,1-pyrroline,and methylglyoxal,as well as the activity of proline dehydrogenase were also ***,sodium iodide treatments remarkably decreased the chalky grain rate,chalkiness area,and chalkiness degree of aromatic rice,with the T2 treatment exhibiting a 17.79%-47.42%decrease in chalkiness degree compared with the ***,T1 and T2 treatments showed beneficial impacts on chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics,and yield components,while T3,T4,and T5 treatments exhibited adverse effects on leaf and grain *** linear discriminant analysis revealed significant differences between *** correlation analysis and piecewise structural equation modeling showed that the iodine and sodium influenced the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content of the leaves,thereby regulating the 2-AP biosynthesis and yield components,ultimately affecting the 2-AP content and ***,this study suggests that foliar application of 0.025%sodium iodide is an effective method t

关键词： 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline appearance quality aromatic rice foliar application grain yield iodine

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Nanobodies against African swine fever virus p72 and CD2v proteins as reagents for developing two cELISAs to detect viral antibodies

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第3期39卷 478-489页

作者： Jiahong Zhu Qingyuan Liu Liuya Li Runyu Zhang Yueting Chang Jiakai Zhao Siyu Liu Xinyu Zhao Xu Chen Yani Sun Qin Zhao Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling Observing and Experimental Station of National Data Center of Animal HealthMinistry of AgricultureYangling712100China

African swine fever virus(ASFV)poses a significant threat to the global swine ***,there are no effective vaccines or treatments available to combat ASFV infection in *** primary means of controlling the spread of the disease is through rapid detection and subsequent elimination of infected ***,a lower virulent ASFV isolate with a deleted EP402R gene(CD2v-deleted)has been reported in China,which further complicates the control of ASFV infection in pig ***,an EP402R-deleted ASFV variant has been developed as a potential live attenuated vaccine candidate ***,it is crucial to develop detection methods that can distinguish wild-type and EP402R-deleted ASFV *** this study,two recombinant ASFV-p72 and-CD2v proteins were expressed using a prokaryotic system and used to immunize Bactrian ***,eight nanobodies against ASFV-p72 and ten nanobodies against ASFV-CD2v were *** the production of these nanobodies with horse radish peroxidase(HRP)fusion proteins,the ASFV-p72-Nb2-HRP and ASFV-CD2v-Nb22-HRP fusions were selected for the development of two competitive ELISAs(cELISAs)to detect anti-ASFV *** two cELISAs exhibited high sensitivity,good specificity,repeatability,and *** coincidence rate between the two cELISAs and commercial ELISA kits was 98.6%and 97.6%,***,the two cELISA for detecting antibodies against ASFV demonstrated ease of operation,a low cost,and a simple production *** two cELISAs could determine whether pigs were infected with wild-type or CD2v-deleted ASFV,and could play an important role in monitoring ASFV infections in pig farms.

关键词： African swine fever virus(ASFV) ASFV-p72 ASFV-CD2v Nanobody-HRP Competitive ELISA

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Assessing the yield difference of double-cropping rice in South China driven by radiation use efficiency

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第11期23卷 3692-3705页

作者： Jian Lu Sicheng Deng Muhammad Imran Jingyin Xie Yuanyuan Li Jianying Qi Shenggang Pan Xiangru Tang Meiyang Duan State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/College of Agriculture South China Agricultural University Scientific Observing and experimental station of Crop Cultivation in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant rice

Double-cropping rice in South China continues to break the total yield record,but the yield potential of singlecropping rice is not being *** use efficiency （RUE） has been singled out as an important determinant of grain yield in many cereal ***,there is no information on whether the yield gaps in doublecropping rice involve differences in *** experiments were performed over two years to evaluate the effects of intercepted radiation （IP） and RUE on the above-ground biomass production,crop growth rate （CGR）,and harvest index （HI）,in four representative rice varieties,i.e.,Xiangyaxiangzhan （XYXZ）,Meixiangzhan 2 （MXZ2）,Nanjingxiangzhan （NJXZ）,and Ruanhuayoujinsi （RHYJS）,during the early and late seasons of rice cultivation in South *** results revealed that grain yield in the early season was 8.2%higher than in the late *** yield advantage in the early season was primarily due to higher spikelets per panicle and above-ground biomass resulting from a higher *** spikelets per panicle in the early season were 6.5,8.3,6.9,and 8.5%higher in XYXZ,MXZ2,NJXZ,and RHYJS,respectively,than in the late *** higher early season grain yield was more closely related to RUE in the middle tillering stage （R2=0.34）,panicle initiation （R2=0.16）,and maturation stage（R2=0.28）,and the intercepted photosynthetically active radiation （IPAR） in the maturation stage （R2=0.28）,while the late season grain yield was more dependent on IPAR in the middle tillering stage （R2=0.31） and IPAR at panicle initiation （R2=0.23）.The results of this study conclusively show that higher RUE contributes to the yield progress of early season rice,while the yield improvement of late season rice is attributed to higher radiation during the early reproductive *** allocating the RUE of double-cropping rice with high RUE varieties or adjustments of the sowing period merits further study.

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A nanobody-based blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting antibodies against pseudorabies virus glycoprotein E

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1354-1368页

作者： Huanhuan Lü Pinpin Ji Siyu Liu Ziwei Zhang Lei Wang Yani Sun Baoyuan Liu Lizhen Wang Qin Zhao Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineNorthwest A&F University/Shaanxi Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic TechnologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsYangling 712100China

Pseudorabies(PR)is an acute infectious disease of pigs caused by the PR virus(PRV)and results in great economic losses to the pig industry *** glycoprotein E(gE)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)has been used to distinguish gE-deleted vaccine-immunized pigs from wild-type virus-infected pigs to eradicate PR in some *** has the advantages of small size and easy genetic engineering and has been a promising diagnostic ***,there were few reports about developing nanobody-based ELISA for detecting anti-PRV-gE *** the present study,the recombinant PRV-gE was expressed with a bacterial system and used to immunize the Bactrian ***,two nanobodies against PRV-gE were screened from the immunized camel by phage display ***,two nanobody-HRP fusion proteins were expressed with HEK293T *** PRV-gE-Nb36-HRP fusion protein was selected as the probe for developing the blocking ELISA(bELISA)to detect anti-PRV-gE *** optimizing the conditions of bELISA,the amount of coated antigen was 200 ng per well,and dilutions of the fusion protein and tested pig sera were separately 1:320 and 1:*** cut-off value of bELISA was 24.20%,and the sensitivity and specificity were 96.43 and 92.63%,*** detecting 233 clinical pig sera with the developed bELISA and a commercial kit,the results showed that the coincidence rate of two assays was 93.99%.Additionallly,epitope mapping showed that PRV-gE-Nb36 recognized a conserved conformational epitope in different reference PRV ***,great stability and low-cost nanobody-based bELISA for detecting anti-PRV-gE antibodies were *** bELISA could be used for monitoring and eradicating PR.

关键词： nanobody nanobody-HRP blocking ELISA PRV-gE antibody

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Organic-inorganic fertilization promotes paddy soil macroaggregate organic carbon accumulation associated with key bacterial populations in subtropical China

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 941-950页

作者： Jinhua ZHAO Lin CHEN Guixiang ZHOU Fang LI Jiabao ZHANG Congzhi ZHANG Donghao MA Biao FENG Fengqiu experimental station of National Ecosystem Research Network of China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment Henan Agricultural University

Macroaggregate organic carbon (Macro-OC) accumulation in paddy soils is of great significance in promoting multiple agroecosystem services. However,the effects of different fertilization practices on Macro-OC accumulation in paddy soils at the regional scale have not been comprehensively ***, we conducted long-term fertilization field experiments at four sites, Taoyuan, Wangcheng, Jinxian, and Suzhou, in the subtropical area of China to reveal the effects of inorganic and organic-inorganic (OIF) fertilization on Macro-OC accumulation and its relationships with important microbial traits (the abundance ratio of GH48:cbhI genes and the richness of keystone bacterial taxa) in paddy soils. The results showed that long-term fertilization (particularly OIF) significantly increased the content of Macro-OC, which mainly consisted of particulate organic carbon (C). Organic-inorganic fertilization decreased the percentage of O-alkyl C but increased the percentages of alkyl, aromatic, and phenolic C. Organic-inorganic fertilization promoted the abundance of the bacterial cellulose-degrading gene GH48 retrieved from macroaggregates. The orders Anaerolineales, Bacillales, and Clostridiales were identified as keystone bacterial taxa in macroaggregates and were significantly correlated with the physical fraction and chemical structure of Macro-OC. Structural equation modeling revealed that fertilization-induced changes in soil pH and C:N ratio affected the richness of Anaerolineales, Bacillales, and Clostridiales, which was strongly associated with the increase of percentages of aromatic and phenolic C and further facilitated Macro-OC accumulation. Together, these results suggested that OIF promoted Macro-OC accumulation associated with key bacterial populations in paddy soils. The results provide an important basis for boosting soil C accrual in the subtropical rice-growing areas.

关键词： bacterial community keystone bacterial taxa mean weight diameter mineral-associated organic carbon particulate organic carbon structural equation modeling

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Genetic analysis and candidate gene identification of salt tolerancerelated traits in maize

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2196-2210页

作者： Hui Fang Xiuyi Fu Hanqiu Ge Mengxue Jia Jie Ji Yizhou Zhao Zijian Qu Ziqian Cui Aixia Zhang Yuandong Wang Ping Li Baohua Wang Scientific Observing and experimental station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/School of Life SciencesNantong UniversityNantong 226019China Maize Research Institute Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(BAAFS)Beijing 100097China

Soil salinization poses a threat to maize production worldwide,but the genetic mechanism of salt tolerance in maize is not well ***,identifying the genetic components underlying salt tolerance in maize is of great *** the current study,a teosinte-maize BC2F7 population was used to investigate the genetic basis of 21 salt tolerance-related *** total,125 QTLs were detected using a high-density genetic bin map,with one to five QTLs explaining 6.05–32.02%of the phenotypic variation for each *** total phenotypic variation explained(PVE)by all detected QTLs ranged from 6.84 to 63.88%for each *** all 125 QTLs,only three were major QTLs distributed in two genomic regions on chromosome 6,which were involved in three salt tolerance-related *** addition,10 pairs of epistatic QTLs with additive effects were detected for eight traits,explaining 0.9 to 4.44%of the phenotypic ***,18 QTL hotspots affecting 3–7 traits were *** one hotspot(L5),a gene cluster consisting of four genes(ZmNSA1,SAG6,ZmCLCg,and ZmHKT1;2)was found,suggesting the involvement of multiple pleiotropic ***,two important candidate genes,Zm00001d002090 and Zm00001d002391,were found to be associated with salt tolerance-related traits by a combination of linkage and marker-trait association ***00001d002090 encodes a calcium-dependent lipid-binding(CaLB domain)family protein,which may function as a Ca^(2+)sensor for transmitting the salt stress signal downstream,while Zm00001d002391 encodes a ubiquitin-specific protease belonging to the C19-related *** findings provide valuable insights into the genetic basis of salt tolerance-related traits in maize and a theoretical foundation for breeders to develop enhanced salt-tolerant maize varieties.

关键词： maize salt tolerance-related traits QTL mapping region-based association analysis

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Cadmium found in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) kernels mainly originates from root uptake rather than shell absorption from soil

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 726-735页

作者： Xin TANG Yurong WANG Changfeng DING Yuepeng YIN Zhigao ZHOU Taolin ZHANG Xingxiang WANG CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Ecological experimental station of Red Soil Chinese Academy of SciencesYingtan 335211China

Roots and shells are two potential organs through which peanut plants absorb cadium(Cd)from soils;however,the relative contributions of the two uptake pathways(root uptake and shell absorption)to kernel Cd accumulation and their translocation characteristics are poorly *** this study,the relative contributions of the two pathways to Cd accumulation in two peanut cultivars,Xianghua2008(XH)and Yueyou43(YY),were accurately assessed by labeling rooting and podding zone soils with 113Cd and 111Cd isotopes(0.3 mg kg^(-1) dry soil),respectively,in a split-pot *** results showed that approximately 96%of the Cd accumulated in the peanut kernels was derived from root uptake,while only 4%originated from shell *** 1%of the Cd accumulated in whole peanut plants was attributed to shell absorption,of which 41%–44%was retained in shells and 56%–59%was translocated to *** contrast,the Cd absorbed by roots was efficiently translocated into all plant organs,of which 80%–84%was distributed in *** YY accumulated 1.3 times more Cd in whole plants than XH,the relative contributions of the two pathways to Cd accumulation in each plant organ were barely affected by peanut *** to the strong retention effect of shells,shell-derived Cd was approximately 2 times higher than root-derived Cd in *** results would improve the understanding of Cd accumulation processes in peanut plants,revealing that the root uptake pathway contributes predominantly to the Cd concentration in peanut kernels,based on which strategies and technology for the reduction of Cd in peanut plants could be designed and developed.

关键词： contamination heavy metal isotope-labeling technique relative contribution translocation factor uptake pathway

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Patterns of crop-specific fertilizer-nitrogen losses and opportunities for sustainable mitigation:A quantitative overview of 15N-tracing studies

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第2期6卷 71-81页

作者： Cong Xu Hanshen Zhu Haokuang Liu Cheng Ji Jie Yuan Guanlin Li Jidong Wang Yongchun Zhang National Agricultural experimental station for Agricultural Environment LuheInstitute of Agricultural Resources and EnvironmentJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing210014China School of the Environment and Safety Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China

Pattern and mitigation potential of crop-specific fertilizer-N losses were *** showed high fertilizer-N losses due to high N application rates and low ***,SOC,and soil pH are key parameters affecting fertilizer-N *** a given application rate,soils with higher SOC have lower fertilizer-N *** N rate combined with SOC improvement could cut 34.8%-59.6%of N losses.

关键词： fertilizer-nitrogen loss crop-specific 15N tracing soil organic carbon meta-analysis

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Implications of regional identity for neural stem and progenitor cell transplantation in the injured or diseased nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 715-716页

作者： Prakruthi Amar Kumar Jennifer N.Dulin Department of Biology Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station

Neural stem and progenitor cell(NSPC)transpla ntation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for replacing lost neuronal populations and repairing damaged neural circuits following nervous system injury and disease.A great deal of experimental work has investigated the biology of NSPC grafting in preclinical animal models;more recently.

关键词： neural system injured

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Characteristics of the microbial communities regulate soil multi-functionality under different cover crop amendments in Ultisol

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2099-2111页

作者： Guilong Li Xiaofen Chen Wenjing Qin Jingrui Chen Ke Leng Luyuan Sun Ming Liu Meng Wu Jianbo Fan Changxu Xu Jia Liu Soil and Fertilizer&Resources and Environment Institute Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200China Key Laboratory of Acidified Soil Amelioration and Utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanchang 330200China Ecological experimental station of Red Soil Chinese Academy of SciencesYingtan 335211China

The use of cover crops is a promising strategy for influencing the soil microbial consortium,which is essential for the delivery of multiple soil functions(i.e.,soil multifunctionality).Nonetheless,relatively little is known about the role of the soil microbial consortium in mediating soil multifunctionality under different cover crop amendments in dryland ***,we assessed the multifunctionality of soils subjected to four cover crop amendments(control,non-amended treatment;RD,radish monoculture;HV,hairy vetch monoculture;and RDHV,radish-hairy vetch mixture),and we investigated the contributions of soil microbial richness,network complexity,and ecological clusters to soil *** results demonstrated that cover crops whose chemical composition differed from that of the main plant crop promoted higher multifunctionality,and the radish-hairy vetch mixture rendered the highest *** obtained evidence that changes in soil microbial richness and network complexity triggered by the cover crops were associated with higher soil ***,specialized microbes in a key ecological cluster(ecological cluster 2)of the soil microbial network were particularly important for maintaining soil *** results highlight the importance of cover crop-induced variations in functionally important taxa for promoting the soil multifunctionality of dryland Ultisols.

关键词： cover crops soil multifunctionality microbial richness network complexity ecological cluster

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