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Evaluation of hand infections in the emergency department using point-of-care ultrasound

World Journal of Emergency medicine 2024年第4期15卷 283-288页

作者： David Ahmad Haidar David Mintz Brandon M Wubben Omar Rizvi Srikar Adhikari Department of Emergency medicine Michigan MedicineAnn Arbor 48109-1382USA University of Arizona college of medicine Tucson 85724USA Department of Emergency medicine University of IowaIowa City 52242-1009USA Department of Surgery University of Arizona College of MedicineTucson 85724USA Department of Emergency medicine University of Arizona College of MedicineTucson 85724USA

BACKGROUND:We aimed to evaluate the utility of point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)in the assessment of hand infections that present to the emergency department(ED)and its impact on medical decision making and patient ***:We conducted a retrospective review of patients who presented to two urban academic EDs with clinical presentations concerning for skin and soft tissue infections(SSTI)of the hand between December 2015 and December *** trained POCUS fellowship physicians reviewed an ED POCUS database for POCUS examinations of the *** then reviewed patients’electronic health records(EHR)for demographic characteristics,history,physical examination findings,ED course,additional imaging studies,consultations,impact of POCUS on patient care and final ***:We included a total of 50 cases(28 male,22 female)in the final *** most common presenting symptoms and exam findings were pain(100%),swelling(90%),and erythema(74%).The most common sonographic findings were edema(76%),soft tissue swelling(78%),and fluid surrounding the tendon(57%).POCUS was used in medical decision making 68%of the time(n=34),with the use of POCUS leading to changes in management 38%of the time(n=19).POCUS use led to early antibiotic use(11/19),early consultation(10/19),and led to the performance of a required procedure(8/19).The POCUS diagnosis was consistent with the discharge diagnosis of flexor tenosynovitis 8/12 times,abscess 12/16 times,and cellulitis 14/20 ***:POCUS is beneficial for evaluating of hand infections that present to the ED and can be used as an important part of medical decision making to expedite patient care.

关键词： Ultrasound Point-of-care ultrasound Cellulitis Abscess Flexor tenosynovitis

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Cardiac regeneration: Pre-existing cardiomyocyte as the hub of novel signaling pathway

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 747-759页

作者： Tao Wang Xinzhe Chen Kai Wang Jie Ju Xue Yu Wanpeng Yu Cuiyun Liu Yin Wang Institute for Translational medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityCollege of MedicineQingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266023China college of medicine Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266023China

In the mammalian heart,cardiomyocytes are forced to withdraw from the cell cycle shortly after birth,limiting the ability of the heart to regenerate and *** development of multimodal regulation of cardiac proliferation has verified that pre-existing cardiomyocyte proliferation is an essential driver of cardiac *** the continuous development of genetic lineage tracking technology,it has been revealed that cell cycle activity produces polyploid cardiomyocytes during the embryonic,juvenile,and adult stages of cardiogenesis,but newly formed mononucleated diploid cardiomyocytes also elevated sporadically during myocardial *** implied that adult cardiomyocytes have a weak regenerative capacity under the condition of ischemia injury,which offers hope for the clinical treatment of myocardial ***,the regeneration frequency and source of cardiomyocytes are still low,and the mechanism of regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation remains further *** is noteworthy to explore what force triggers endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart ***,we focused on summarizing the recent research progress of emerging endogenous key modulators and crosstalk with other signaling pathways and furnished valuable insights into the internal mechanism of heart *** addition,myocardial transcription factors,non-coding RNAs,cyclins,and cell cycle-dependent kinases are involved in the multimodal regulation of pre-existing cardiomyocyte ***,awakening the myocardial proliferation endogenous modulator and regeneration pathways may be the final battlefield for the regenerative therapy of cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： Cardiac regeneration Cell cycle re-enter Myocardial infarction Pre-existing cardiomyocyte proliferation Regenerative therapy of cardiovascular diseases

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Effect of moxibustion on expression profile of miRNAs in Tripterygium glycoside-induced decreased ovarian reserve

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Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2024年第4期44卷 745-752页

作者： SHEN Jie YIN Yaoli LI Hongxiao LU Ge ZHU Yaoyao QIN Yantong JIN Xun CHENG Jie SHEN Meihong college of Acupuncture and Tuina Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible regulatory mechanism of microRNA(miRNA) in moxibustion treatment for decreased ovarian reserve(DOR). METHODS: The DOR model was constructed by intragastrical Tripterygium glycoside suspension administration, and moxibustion therapy was simultaneously given. The morphological ovarian changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The miRNA expression profile was detected by RNA sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis was performed. Cytoscape software 3.6.1 was used to establish a regulatory network and differentially expressed miRNAs were verified by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR). RESULTS: Decreased number of mature follicles, increased atresia follicles, and abnormal granulosa cell morphology were observed in the model group compared with the control group. The moxibustion group demonstrated increased mature follicles, decreased atretic follicles, and significantly decreased abnormal morphology of granulosa cells compared with the model group. Additionally, RNA sequencing results manifested significantly up-regulated miRNA expressions(miR-92b-3p, miR-26-5p＿R + 1＿1ss10TC, miR-206-3p, miR-9993b-3p＿1ss6GA, miR-7857-3p＿R-1, miR-219a-2-3p＿1ss10GC, miR-3968-p5＿1ss10AT, and PC-5p-6478＿1795) and down-regulated miR-664-2-5p＿R + 1 in the model group, compared with the control group, and the moxibustion group reversed abnormal disorder levels of these miRNAs. Moreover, these differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly involved in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway and nuclear factor erythropoietin-2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1 signaling pathway. Finally, network and RT-qPCR verification revealed miR-9993b-3p＿1ss6GA as the most critical miRNA. CONCLUSION: This experiment proved the effectiveness of moxibustion in improving the ovarian reserve of rats by regulating miRNA expression, especially miR-9993b-3p＿1ss6GA.

关键词： mechanics microRNAs moxibustion ovarian reserve

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Autophagy in neural stem cells and glia for brain health and diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 729-736页

作者： Aarti Nagayach Chenran Wang Department of Cancer Biology University of Cincinnati College of Medicine

Autophagy is a multifaceted cellular process that not only maintains the homeostatic and adaptive responses of the brain but is also dynamically involved in the regulation of neural cell generation,maturation,and *** facilities the utilization of energy and the microenvironment for developing neural stem *** arbitrates structural and functional remodeling during the cell differentiation *** also plays an indispensable role in the maintenance of stemness and homeostasis in neural stem cells during essential brain physiology and also in the instigation and progression of *** recently,studies have begun to shed light on autophagy regulation in glia(microglia,astrocyte,and oligodendrocyte)in the *** cells have attained relatively less consideration despite their unquestioned influence on various aspects of neural development,synaptic function,brain metabolism,cellular debris clearing,and restoration of damaged or injured ***,this review composes pertinent information regarding the involvement of autophagy in neural stem cells and glial regulation and the role of this connexion in normal brain functions,neurodevelopmental disorders,and neurodegenerative *** review will provide insight into establishing a concrete strategic approach for investigating pathological mechanisms and developing therapies for brain diseases.

关键词： astrocyte autophagy glia microglia neural stem cells neurodegenerative diseases neurodevelopmental disorders oligodendrocyte

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Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in pediatrics and adolescents:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 569-580页

作者： Eun Joo Lee Miyoung Choi Sang Bong Ahn Jeong-Ju Yoo Seong Hee Kang Yuri Cho Do Seon Song Hong Koh Dae Won Jeon Hye Won Lee Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Clinical Evidence Research National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency(NECA)SeoulKorea Department of Internal medicine Nowon Eulji Medical CenterEulji University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Internal medicine Soonchunhyang University Bucheon HospitalBucheonKorea Department of Internal medicine Sangkye Paek HospitalInje University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer National Cancer CenterGoyangKorea Department of Internal medicine College of MedicineSt.Vincent's HospitalThe Catholic University of KoreaSuwonKorea Department of Internal medicine Hanyang University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Internal medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background As childhood obesity escalates worldwide,the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in pediatric and adolescent populations is also ***,systematic studies and meta-analyses evaluating the prevalence of pediatric NAFLD remain *** The MEDLINE,Korean Medical Database(KMBASE),Embase,Global Health,and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 1997 to April *** terms included NAFLD or steatosis;nonalcoholic or steatohepatitis;child(ren),adolescent,or teenager;and prevalence,incidence,or epidemiology.A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the prevalence of pediatric *** A total of 2116 publications were found,of which 62 were included in the *** them,27 reported the prevalence in the general population and 39 in the obese *** worldwide pooled prevalence of pediatric NAFLD was 13%[95%confidence interval(CI)9-18%]in the general population and 47%(95%CI 41%–53%)in the obese *** 16 studies in the general population and 18 in the obese population,NAFLD prevalence varied by *** the general population,the prevalence of NAFLD was 15%(95%CI 8%–23%)in males and 10%(95%CI 6%–15%)in *** the obese population,it was 54%(95%CI 46%–61%)in males and 39%(95%CI 30%–49%)in *** The global prevalence of pediatric NAFLD is rising in both the general and obese *** the increasing rates of childhood obesity,epidemiological studies on the prevalence and incidence of NAFLD are needed.

关键词： Meta-analysis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Pediatric Prevalence

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Cell-type resolved transcriptomic approaches for dissecting selective vulnerability in neurodgeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1411-1413页

作者： Caleb A.Wood Nicholas M.Tran Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

A common feature among neurodegenerative conditions is that ce rtain neuronal populations are selectively vulnerable to loss(Fu et al.,2018).By corollary,other neurons are selectively resilient,suggesting they may possess unique features that support their survival.U nderstanding the basis of neuronal resilience or vulnerability would provide a logical strategy to identify factors that could be targeted therapeutically.

关键词： selective targeted

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Structural characterization and prebiotic potential of polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2208-2220页

作者： Zihan Qi Tiexiang Gao Jingjing Li Shuhan Zhou Zhigang Zhang Mingzhu Yin Haiming Hu Hongtao Liu college of Basic Medical Sciences Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065China college of Pharmacy Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065China

Polygonatum sibiricum has been widely used due to its excellent biological *** prepared a novel polysaccharide from ***(PSP)in this *** a monosaccharide composition analysis,PSP was mainly composed of fructose and glucose with a molar percentage of 93.81:*** main linkage types were identified asα-D-Glcp-1→and→2-β-D-Fruf-1→.The molecular weight of PSP showed no significant change after simulated salivary and gastrointestinal ***,PSP could be broken down by intestinal *** findings revealed that PSP administration increased the abundance of probiotics such as ***,the results showed that gut microbes could utilize PSP to produce short-chain fatty acids including acetic acid,propionic acid,and butyric ***,the PSP fermentation broth displayed an excellent scavenging effect on free radicals,including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical,superoxide radical,and hydroxyl *** summary,this study will help to promote the application of PSP as prebiotics in functional food and the medical industry.

关键词： Dietary polysaccharides Prebiotic Gut microbiota Short-chain fatty acids

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Validity of fatty liver prediction scores for diagnosis of fatty liver by Fibroscan

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 353-360页

作者： Seogsong Jeong Sun Jae Park Seong Kyun Na Sang Min Park Byung-Cheol Song Yun Hwan Oh Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University Graduate SchoolSeoul 03080Korea Department of Biomedical Informatics CHA University School of MedicineCHA UniversitySeongnam 13488Korea Department of Internal medicine Inje University College of MedicineSeoul 50834Korea Department of Family medicine Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080Korea Department of Internal medicine Jeju National University HospitalJeju National University College of MedicineJeju 63241Korea Department of Family medicine Jeju National University HospitalJeju National University College of MedicineJeju 63241Korea Department of Family medicine Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong HospitalChung-Ang University College of MedicineGwangmyeong 14353Korea

Background:The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(K-NAFLD)score was recently developed with the intent to operationally define nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).However,there remained an external validation that confirmed its diagnostic performance,especially in patients with alcohol consumption or hepatitis virus ***:Diagnostic accuracy of the K-NAFLD score was evaluated in a hospital-based cohort consisting of 1388 participants who received Fibroscan®.Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models and the contrast estimation of receiver operating characteristic curves were used for validation of the K-NAFLD score,fatty liver index(FLI),and hepatic steatosis index(HSI).Results:K-NAFLD-moderate[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=2.53,95%confidence interval(CI):1.13-5.65]and K-NAFLD-high(aOR=4.14,95%CI:1.69-10.13)groups showed higher risks of fatty liver compared to the K-NAFLD-low group after adjustments for demographic and clinical characteristics,and FLI-moderate and FLI-high groups revealed aORs of 2.05(95%CI:1.22-3.43)and 1.51(95%CI:0.78-2.90),*** addition,the HSI was less predictive for Fibroscan®-defined fatty *** K-NAFLD and FLI also demonstrated high accuracy in the prediction of fatty liver in patients with alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis virus infection,and the adjusted area under curve values were comparable between K-NAFLD and ***:Externally validation of the K-NAFLD and FLI showed that these scores may be a useful,noninvasive,and non-imaging modality for the identification of fatty *** addition,these scores also predicted fatty liver in patients with alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis virus infection.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Fatty liver index Hepatic steatosis index

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Vanillylacetone attenuates cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory loss through upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 gene and protein expression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2750-2759页

作者： Fahaid H.A.L-Hashem Salah O.Bashir Amal F.Dawood Moutasem S.Aboonq Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah Abdulaiziz M.Al-Garni Mohamed D.Morsy Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of MedicinePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-MunawwarahSaudi Arabia Department of medicine College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

Memory loss and dementia are major public health concerns with a substantial economic *** stress has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hippocampal damage-induced memory *** investigate whether the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound vanillyla cetone(zingerone) can protect against hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by cadmium chloride(CdCl_(2)) administration in rats,we explo red the potential involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway,which is known to modulate oxidative stress and *** healt hy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups:vehicle-treated(control),vanillylacetone,CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2)+ brusatol(a selective pharmacological N rf2inhibitor) *** effectively attenuated CdCl_(2)-induced damage in the dental gyrus of the hippocampus and improved the memory function assessed by the Morris Water Maze ***,vanillylacetone markedly decreased the hippocampal tissue levels of inflammatory biomarkers(interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,intracellular cell adhesive molecules) and apoptosis biomarkers(Bax and cleaved caspase-3).The control and CdCl_(2)-treated groups treated with va nillylacetone showed reduced generation of reactive oxygen species,decreased malondialdehyde levels,and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities,along with significant elevation of nuclear Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in hippocampal *** the protective effects of vanillylacetone we re substantially blocked by the co-administration of brusatol(a selective N rf2 inhibitor).Va nillylacetone mitigated hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by CdCl_(2),at least in part, by activating the nuclear transcription factor ***,vanillylacetone exerted its potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory actions.

关键词： hippocampus neuroprotective Nrf2 gene oxidative stress vanillylacetone

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Sanhua Tang(三化汤) protects against ischemic stroke by preventing blood-brain barrier injury: a network pharmacology and in vivo experiments

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Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2024年第4期44卷 794-803页

作者： LUO Shan YANG Fan CHEN Yuanchun ZHAO Ruoxi LIU Haiye GAO Fei MA Wencan GAO Weijuan YU Wentao college of Basic medicine Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Graduate School Hebei University of Chinese Medicine college of Acupuncture and Massage Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases Hebei International Joint Research Centre for Acupuncture and Moxibustion of Traditional Chinese medicine

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect and mechanism of Sanhua Tang(三化汤, SHT) in treating ischemic stroke(IS) through the "Kaitong Xuanfu" theory by using network pharmacology and animal experiments. METHODS: The active ingredients and targets of SHT and IS were screened by public databases such as Traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology, GeneCards, and online mendelian inheritance in man. Visual network topographies were constructed using R, Cytoscape 3.6.0, AutoDockTools, a user-sponsored molecular visualization system on an open-source foundation, and other software to analyze the correlation between targets and active ingredients. The middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) model was established by operation. Animals were divided into the Sham group, MCAO group(M group), aloe-emodin(AE) group(MCAO rats treated with aloe-emodin), SHT at low dosage(SL group)(MCAO rats treated with SL), SHT at medium dosage(SM group), and SHT at high dosage(SH group). 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining was used to detect the volume of cerebral infarction; Nissl staining was used to observe the morphology of neuronal cells; transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the integrity of the blood-brain barrier(BBB); enzymelinked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the content of interleukin-6(IL-6), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) in serum. Western blot was used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA) protein in the cerebral ischemic penumbra. RESULTS: Using network pharmacology and molecular docking validation, four active ingredients(lignan, naringenin, aloe-rhodopsin, and β-sitosterol), seven target proteins(protein kinase b 1, IL-6, TNF, VEGFA, TP53, jun proto-oncogene, and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3), and inflammatory signaling pathways were identified. Animal experiments showed that the SH and AE groups had fewer neurological deficits, reduced brain infarct volumes, decreased serum inflammatory factor l

关键词： Sanhua Tang blood-brain barrier inflammatory reactions ischemic stroke network pharmacology

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