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Hepatocardiorenal syndrome in liver cirrhosis:Recognition of a new entity?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第2期30卷 128-136页

作者： Henry H L Wu Amina Rakisheva Arvind Ponnusamy Rajkumar Chinnadurai Renal Research Kolling Institute of Medical ResearchRoyal North Shore Hospital&The University of SydneySt.Leonards(Sydney)2065New South WalesAustralia Department of Cardiology City Cardiological CenterAlmaty 050000Kazakhstan Department of Renal Medicine Royal Preston HospitalPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Donal O’Donoghue Renal Research centre&Department of Renal Medicine Northern Care Alliance National Health Service Foundation TrustSalford M68HDUnited Kingdom

Emerging evidence and perspectives have pointed towards the heart playing an important role in hepatorenal syndrome(HRS),outside of conventional understanding that liver cirrhosis is traditionally considered the sole origin of a cascade of pathophysiological mechanisms directly affecting the kidneys in this *** the absence of established heart disease,cirrhotic cardiomyopathy may occur more frequently in those with liver cirrhosis and kidney *** is a specific form of cardiac dysfunction characterized by blunted contractile responsiveness to stress stimuli and altered diastolic relaxation with electrophysiological *** the clinical description of these potential cardiac-related complications of the liver,the role of the heart has traditionally been an overlooked aspect of circulatory dysfunction in *** from a physiological sense,temporality(prior onset)of cardiorenal interactions in HRS and positive effects stemming from portosystemic shunting demonstrated an important role of the heart in the development and progression of kidney dysfunction in cirrhotic *** this review,we discuss current concepts surrounding how the heart may influence the development and progression of HRS,and the role of systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction causing circulatory dysfunction within this *** temporality of heart and kidney dysfunction in HRS will be *** a subgroup of patients who receive portosystemic shunting,the dynamics of cardiorenal interactions following treatment is *** research to determine the unknowns in this topic is anticipated,hopefully to further clarify the intricacies surrounding the liver-heart-kidney connection and improve strategies for management.

关键词： Hepatorenal syndrome Cardiorenal syndrome Cirrhosis Cardiac dysfunction Circulatory dysfunction

Oncolytic Virus Senecavirus A Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Proliferation and Growth by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第8期12卷 713-725页

作者： Tao Gong Xiao Liu Qingyuan Li Donald RBranch Melika Loriamini Wenxian Wen Yaoqiang Shi Qi Tan Bin Fan Zhonghui Zhou Yujia Li Chunhui Yang Shilin Li Xiaoqiong Duan Limin Chen Department of Clinical Medicine North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongSichuanChina Institute of Blood Transfusion Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeChengduSichuanChina College of Animal Science and Technology Southwest UniversityChongqingChina Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology Centre for InnovationCanadian Blood ServicesHamiltonOntarioCanada The Hospital of Xidian Group Xi’anShaanxiChina The Joint-Laboratory on Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases(TTDs)between Institute of Blood Transfusion and Nanning Blood Center Nanning Blood CenterNanningGuangxiChina

Background and Aims:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)isa highly aggressive tumor with limited treatment options andhigh *** A(SVA)has shown potential inselectively targeting tumors while sparing healthy *** study aimed to investigate the effects of SVA on HCCcells in vitro and in vivo and to elucidate its mechanisms ***:The cell counting kit-8 assay and colonyformation assay were conducted to examine cell *** cytometry and nuclear staining were employed toanalyze cell cycle distribution and apoptosis *** tumor xenograft HCC mouse model was createdin vivo using HepG2 cells,and Ki67 expression in thetumor tissues was *** terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase dUTP nick end labeling assay and hematoxylinand eosin staining were employed to evaluate HCC apoptosisand the toxicity of SVA on mouse ***:In vitro,SVA effectively suppressed the growth of tumor cells by inducingapoptosis and cell cycle ***,it did nothave a notable effect on normal hepatocytes(MIHA cells).In an in vivo setting,SVA effectively suppressed the growthof HCC in a mouse *** treatment resulted in a significantdecrease in Ki67 expression and an increase in apoptosisof tumor *** notable histopathological alterationswere observed in the organs of mice during SVA ***:SVA inhibits the growth of HCC cells byinducing cell cycle arrest and *** does not causeany noticeable toxicity to vital organs.

关键词： Oncolytic virus Senecavirus A Apoptosis Cell cycle arrest Hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2

Financing Disaster Risk Reduction:Exploring the Opportunities,Challenges,and Threats Within the Southern African Development Community Region

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第3期14卷 398-412页

作者： Christo Coetzee Sizwile Khoza Livhuwani D.Nemakonde Lesego B.Shoroma Gideon W.Wentink Maynard Nyirenda Steven Chikuse Tchaka Kamanga Kgosietsile Maripe Morenaogaufi J.Rankopo Lengwe-Katembula Mwansa Dewald Van Niekerk African centre for Disaster Studies Unit for Environmental Science and ManagementNorth-West UniversityPotchefstroom 2520North West ProvinceSouth Africa Sustainable Growth and Development Initiative Blantyre 312200Malawi Department of Social Work University of BotswanaGaboroneBotswana

The Southern African Development Community(SADC)region,a regional economic body comprised of 16 member states,is one of our planet's most vulnerable regions to natural hazards,and has a complex disaster risk *** region has sustained several disasters over the past *** events include annual floods in 2004-2019 and extreme droughts(1990-1993);other climate-induced disasters,such as cyclones,also have had devastating impacts,particularly on the Indian Ocean island states and east coast *** reduce the risk and impacts of dis asters,governments must invest in disaster risk reduction(drR).However,interventions aimed at reducing social and economic vulnerability and investing in longterm mitigation activities are often few,poorly funded,and insignificant in comparison with money spent on humanitarian assistance,dis aster relief,and post-disaster *** study investigated whether drR is adequately funded within SADC member states in light of the high stakes in human life,infrastructure,and economic losses and the potential savings *** study applied a qualitative research design with data collected through semistructured interviews and focus group *** were selected purposefully and through snowball sampling with a total of 67 respondents from Botswana,Eswatini,Namibia,South Africa,and Zimbabwe participating in the *** study findings reveal that drR is inadequately funded in all the member states consulted in comparison to funding allocated to disaster *** light of the underfunding experienced by drR activities,this study provides a platform for lobbying and advocacy for adequate funding for drR.

关键词： Budget allocations Disaster impacts Disaster risk reduction Southern African Development Community

Advancement of noble metallic nanoparticles in agriculture: A promising future

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Pedosphere 2023年第1期33卷 116-128页

作者： Paulami DAM Matthews LPARET Rittick MONDAL Amit Kumar MANDAL Chemical Biology Laboratory Department of SericultureRaiganj UniversityNorth DinajpurWest Bengal 733134India University of Florida Department of Plant PathologyQuincy 32351USA centre for Nanotechnology Sciences Raiganj UniversityNorth DinajpurWest Bengal 733134India

Since the last decades,nanotechnology has gained the attention of researchers in the field of plant *** characteristics of nanoparticles are reliant on their shape and *** involving noble metallic nanoparticles(NMNPs)offer novel technologies to boost agricultural productivity and minimize conventional pesticide *** application of nanoparticles as nanofertilizer improves plant growth and enhances nutrient uptake *** metallic nanoparticles act as antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant pathogens and provide protection to *** and nanodevices are utilized in diverse agro-based areas such as plant disease diagnosis and nanoparticle-based material *** studies have focused on negative impacts such as toxicity and environmental threats posed by *** the effects of NMNPs on agriculture is critical for the assessment of their safety and the impending environmental risks to biodiversity and human ***,we summarize the advances of NMNPs towards revolutionizing modern agricultural applications and the recent trends in sustainable precision agriculture.

关键词： antimicrobial agents multidrug-resistant pathogens nanobiosensors nanofertilizers plant protection

The effect of particle size on the pollution reduction potential of a South African coal-derived low-smoke fuel

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能源地球科学(英文) 2020年第3期1卷 165-173页

作者： lungile Sumbane-Prinsloo John Bunt Ratale Matjie Stuart Piketh Hein Neomagus Frans Waanders centre of Excellence in Carbon-based Fuels Faculty of EngineeringNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa Climate Research Group School of Geo-and Spatial ScienceNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa

The coal combustion in cast-iron stoves leads to health hazards and air *** this study the CO,SO2,NOx,PM and VOC emission concentrations were measured whilst combusting four fuel particle sizes(15,20,30,and 40 mm)as well as a composite of the sizes(all pre-devolatilized at a temperature of 550C)in a cast-iron *** results were compared to their raw coal analogues to evaluate the emission performance of each fuel *** factors for NOx and SO2 were found to depend on the fuel nitrogen and sulphur contents in the coal and the combustion conditions used during *** PM,SO2 and VOC emissions show a strong dependence on the ash percentage and volatile matter yields,which both increased with increasing particle *** addition,the PM,SO2 and VOC missions were found to only depend on particle size on a mechanistic *** VOCs and PM emission factors are inversely correlated with particle *** results from this study offer insight into the combustion environment in the Falkirk Union No 7 cast-iron stove as well as how this environment applies to low smoke *** work contributes to the emission and performance inventories from South African domestic coal combustion in this stove used in informal settlements.

关键词： Coal combustion Low-smoke fuel Emissions Particle size Cast-iron stove

The influence of particle size on the thermal performance of coal and its derived char in a Union stove

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Energy Geoscience 2021年第2期2卷 148-159页

作者： lungile Sumbane-Prinsloo John Bunt Stuart Piketh Hein Neomagus Frans Waanders Ratale Matjie centre of Excellence in Carbon-based Fuels Faculty of EngineeringNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa Climate Research Group School of Geo-and Spatial ScienceNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa

For low-income communities in South Africa,coal is the most common solid fuel which is burnt in a variety of devices,including imbaulas and cast-iron *** present work was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of the fuel particle size on the performance of coal,typically sourced in low-income households in townships in South Africa,and to subsequently compare the performance with a feed char of a common cast iron *** fuel particle sizes of 15,20,30,and 40 mm,as well as a composite of the sizes were tested at 550C,against their untreated coal analogues to evaluate the thermal performance of each *** thermal performance assessment metrics are ignition time,water boiling time,heat transfer and combustion efficiencies,while CO and CO_(2)emissions were measured for the calculations of CO/CO_(2)*** times were found to decrease from coals to chars and to decrease with increasing particle *** effects of fuel type on the water boiling time were only observed in the later stages of the burn cycle,with the char boiling a 2 L batch of water in an average 24 min,while the coals reported an average boiling time of 20 *** transfer efficiencies showed no significant variation with fuel type or particle size,with the average efficiency for the coals and that of the chars being around 66%.The fuels’performance was better gauged by the combustion efficiency,which was found to improve marginally from the coal fuels to the chars,and to increase with increasing particle *** from this testwork could contribute to the performance inventories from the combustion of domestic coal mined in South Africa in a typical cast iron stove which is used in informal settlements.

关键词： Coal and its derived char combustion Heterogeneous testing protocol Efficiency Particle size Cast-iron stove

National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1018-1042页

作者： Faisal Saud Dar Zaigham Abbas Irfan Ahmed Muhammad Atique Usman Iqbal Aujla Muhammad Azeemuddin Zeba Aziz Abu Bakar Hafeez Bhatti Tariq Ali Bangash Amna Subhan Butt Osama Tariq Butt Abdul Wahab Dogar Javed Iqbal Farooqi Faisal Hanif Jahanzaib Haider Siraj Haider Syed Mujahid Hassan Adnan Abdul Jabbar Aman Nawaz Khan Muhammad Shoaib Khan Muhammad Yasir Khan Amer Latif Nasir Hassan Luck Ahmad Karim Malik Kamran Rashid Sohail Rashid Mohammad Salih Abdullah Saeed Amjad Salamat Ghias-un-Nabi Tayyab Aasim Yusuf Haseeb Haider Zia Ammara Naveed Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Hepatogastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Dr.Ziauddin University HospitalKarachi 75600SindhPakistan University of Aberdeen Aberdeen B243FXUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research CentreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Radiology Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Oncology Hameed Latif HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Division of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplantation Shifa International HospitalIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Hepatopancreatic Biliary Surgery&Liver Transplant Shaikh Zayed Hospital and Post Graduate Medical InstituteLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Liver Transplant Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Medicine&Gastroenterology Lifecare Hospital and Research CentrePeshawar 25000Khyber PakhtunkhwaPakistan Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver Transplant Bahria International HospitalLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Surgery Hepatopancreatobiliary&Liver TransplantDow University of Health SciencesKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology&NutritionPir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical SciencesGambat 66020Pakistan Department of Oncology Dr.Ziauddin HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Radiology Rehman Medical InstitutePeshawar 25000Pakistan Army Liver Transplant Unit Pak Emirates Military HospitalRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 75500Pakistan Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer Clinic Rashid Nursing Home and Cancer ClinicRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Gastroentero

A consensus meeting of national experts from all major national hepatobiliary centres in the country was held on May 26,2023,at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research centre(PKLI&RC)after initial consultations with the *** Pakistan Society for the Study of Liver Diseases(PSSLD)and PKLI&RC jointly organised this *** effort was based on a comprehensive literature review to establish national practice guidelines for hilar cholangiocarcinoma(hCCA).The consensus was that hCCA is a complex disease and requires a multidisciplinary team approach to best manage these *** coordinated effort can minimise delays and give patients a chance for curative treatment and effective *** diagnostic and staging workup includes high-quality computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and magnetic resonance *** cytology or biopsy utilizing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a mainstay for ***,histopathologic confirmation is not always required before *** ultrasound with fine needle aspiration of regional lymph nodes and positron emission tomography scan are valuable adjuncts for *** only curative treatment is the surgical resection of the biliary tree based on the Bismuth-Corlette *** patients with unresectable hCCA can be considered for liver *** chemotherapy should be offered to patients with a high risk of *** use of preoperative biliary drainage and the need for portal vein embolisation should be based on local multidisciplinary *** with acute cholangitis can be drained with endoscopic or percutaneous biliary *** chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine has shown improved survival in patients with irresectable and recurrent hCCA.

关键词： Hilar cholangiocarcinoma Bismuth-Corlette classification Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer centre Staging Preoperative biliary drainage Portal vein embolisation Surgical resection Hepatectomy

Special topic on optical imaging and measurement

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Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation 2024年第2期15卷 I0001-I0001页

作者： Huanfei Wen Yongjia Xu the School of Instrumentation and Electronics North University of China centre for Precision Technologies(CPT) Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(ERSRC)Future Metrology Hub

Optical imaging and measurement are closely related and have a wide range of applications such as non-destructive testing, ultra precision manufacturing, virtual reality, and intelligent driving control, etc. Optical imaging instruments are an important means for humans to observe the universe and understand nature. Optical measurement technology with advantages of non-contact, fast speed, and high precision.

关键词： optical driving Optical

Identifying behavioral determinants and stage of readiness for performing knee massage among individuals with knee osteoarthritis:An observational study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 54-63页

作者： Donya Nemati Niki Munk Navin Kaushal College of Nursing the Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of Health Sciences School of Health&Human SciencesIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202USA National centre for Naturopathic Medicine Southern Cross UniversityLismoreNew South Wales 2480Australia Australian Research centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine(ARCCIM) Massage&Myotherapy Australia Fellow and Visiting Faculty of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyNew South Wales 2007Australia

Objective Patients who experience knee osteoarthritis or chronic knee pain can alleviate their symptoms by performing self-knee *** the readiness and types of determinants needed to facilitate self-knee massage is needed to design effective,theory-informed *** primary objective of this study was to apply the transtheoretical model of behavior change to identify how factors,which include the type of knee condition and pain level,predict an individual’s readiness to adopt self-knee *** secondary objective employed the capability,opportunity and motivation-behavior(COM-B)model to identify relevant determinants that are predictive of an individual’s readiness to undertake self-knee *** An observational study design was used to recruit individuals with knee osteoarthritis(n=270)and chronic knee pain(n=130).Participants completed an online survey that assessed the transtheoretical model of behavior change stages,COM-B determinants(capability,opportunity and motivation),along with self-administered massage *** analysis of covariance and structural equation modeling were used to test the primary and secondary objective,*** Participants who had knee osteoarthritis scored higher on the action stage compared to those with chronic pain(P=0.003),and those who experienced greater level of pain scored higher in the contemplation(P<0.001)and action phases(P<0.001)of performing knee massage compared to those with milder *** COM-B structural equation model revealed self-administered knee massage to be predicted by capability(β=0.31,P=0.004)and motivation(β=0.29,P<0.001),but not opportunity(β=–0.10,P=0.39).Pain level predicted motivation(β=0.27,P<0.001),but not capability(β=0.09,P=0.07)or opportunity(β=0.01,P=0.83).Tests for mediating effects found that determinants of COM-B(motivation and capability)mediate between pain level and self-administered massage behavior(β=0.10,P=0.002).Conclusion Cl

关键词： Osteoarthritis Massage Self-management Transtheoretical model of behavior change Behavioral model