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Coronavirus: epidemiology, genome replication and the interactions with their hosts

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Virologica Sinica 2016年第1期31卷 1-2页

作者： Zheng-Li Shi Deyin Guo Peter J.M.Rottier Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of virology College of Life Sciences Wuhan University virology division Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University

This special issue of the journal is dedicated to the recent progress on coronaviruses and covers the topics of viral epidemiology,virus replication and the interactions between the coronaviruses and their *** of the ... 详细信息

关键词： replication epidemiology coronavirus infect dedicated pathogenic porcine antiviral avian livestock

Th17 Cells in autoimmune diseases

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Frontiers of Medicine 2015年第1期9卷 10-19页

作者： Lei Han Jing Yang Xiuwen Wang Dan Li Ling Lv Bin Li division of Rheumatology Huashan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China Key Laboratory of Molecular virology and immunology Unit of Molecular Immunology Institut Pasteur of Shanghai Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China

Th17 cells are a new subset of CD4^＋ T cells fungi. Accumulating evidence suggests that Tb17 cells involved in the clearance of extracellular pathogens and and their signature cytokines have a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of multiple autoimmune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Here, we summarize recent research progress on Th17 function in the development and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. We also propose to identify new small molecule compounds to manipulate Th17 function for potential therapeutic application to treat human autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren＇s syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and multiple sclerosis.

关键词： IL-17 Thl 7 cells RORγt autoimmune diseases posttranslational modification inhibitors

Drug resistance mutation profiles of the drug-nave and first-line regimen-treated HIV-1-infected population of Suzhou, China

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Virologica Sinica 2017年第4期32卷 271-279页

作者： Tingting Li Feng Qian Ting Yuan Weilu Xu Li Zhu Jinlong Huang Haiyan Wang Yueping Zhu Yinling Wang Xiaohong Li Saihong Gu Zhuqing Tan Hui Chen Xiangrong Luo Wei Zhu Weniuan Lu Ping Xu Ming Li Yuying Chen Yong Gao Rongge Yang Chuanwu Zhu Binlian Sun Research Group of HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology and virology The State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences division of HIV-1/AIDS the Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou Department of Microbiology and immunology Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry University of Western Ontario

Little is known about the prevalence of drug-resistant mutations in HIV-1-positive individuals in Suzhou, China. To elucidate the transmitted drug resistance(TDR) and acquired drug resistance mutation(ADR) profiles, we collected blood specimens from 127 drug-naive and 117 first-line drugtreated HIV-1-infected individuals sampled from 2014 to 2016 in Suzhou. We successfully amplified po/fragments from 100 drug-naive and 20 drug-treated samples. We then determined the drugresistant mutations to protease(PR) and reverse-transcriptase(RT) inhibitors according to the Stanford drug resistance database. Overall, 11 and 13 individuals had transmitted(drug-naive group) and acquired(treated group) resistance mutations, respectively. Six transmitted drugresistant mutations were found, including two mutations(L33F and L76V) in the protease region and four(K70N/E and V179D/E) in the RT region. Only L76 V was a major mutation, and K70N/E and V179D/E are known to cause low-level resistance to RT inhibitors. All 13 treated participants who had major drug resistance mutations demonstrated intermediate to high resistance to efavirenz and nevirapine, and six had a treatment duration of less than three months. No major mutations to RT inhibitors were found, implying that the epidemic of transmitted resistance mutations was not significant in this area. Our results suggest that more frequent virus load and drug resistance mutation tests should be conducted for individuals receiving antiretroviral treatment, especially for newly treated patients. Our research provides insights into the occurrence of HIV-1 drug resistance in Suzhou and will help to optimize the treatment strategy for this population.

关键词： HIV-1 drug resistance mutation first-line regimen China

Glycosylation and an amino acid insertion in the head of hemagglutinin independently affect the antigenic properties of H5N1 avian influenza viruses

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第1期62卷 76-83页

作者： Chunyang Gu Xianying Zeng Yangming Song Yanbing Li Liling Liu Yoshihiro Kawaoka Dongming Zhao Hualan Chen State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology Harbin Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences division of virology Department of Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Medical Science University of Tokyo

Antigenic drift forces us to frequently update influenza vaccines; however, the genetic basis for antigenic variation remains largely unknown. In this study, we used clade 7.2 H5 viruses as models to explore the molecular determinants of influenza virus antigenic variation. We generated eight monoclonal antibodies(MAbs) targeted to the hemagglutinin(HA) protein of the index virus A/chicken/Shanxi/2/2006 and found that two representative antigenically drifted clade 7.2 viruses did not react with six of the eight MAbs. The E131 N mutation and insertion of leucine at position 134 in the HA protein of the antigenically drifted strains eliminated the reactivity of the virus with the MAbs. We also found that the amino acid N131 in the H5 HA protein is glycosylated. Our results provide experimental evidence that glycosylation and an amino acid insertion or deletion in HA influence antigenic variation.

关键词： Influenza virus H5N1 antigenic variation genetic basis

Replication of clinical hepatitis B virus isolate and its application for selecting antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis B patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第22期14卷 3490-3496页

作者： Yin-Ping Lu Tao Guo Bao-Ju Wang Ji-Hua Dong Jian-Fang Zhu Zhao Liu Meng-Ji Lu Dong-Liang Yang Department of virology Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022 Hubei Province China division of Clinical immunology Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 Hubei Province China Institute of virology Duisburg-Essen University Essen 45122 Germany

AIM: To establish a cell model harboring replicative clinical hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolates and evaluate its application in individualized selection of anti-HBV agents for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. METHODS: The full-length HBV genomic DNA from 8 CHB patients was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All the patients were treated with lamivudine for at least seven months and finally became resistant to lamivudine. The amplified HBV DNA fragments were inserted into pHY106 vectors by Sap Ⅰ?digestion. The recombinant plasmids containing 1.1 copies of HBV genome were transiently transfected into Huh7 cell line, and the levels of HBsAg, HBeAg and intercellular HBV replicative intermediates were determined by ELISA and Southern blot analysis, respectively, with or without lamivudine and adefovir treatment. The antiviral treatment with adefovir was administered to the patients and analyzed in parallel. RESULTS: A total of 25 independent HBV isolateswere obtained from the sera of 8 patients, each patient had at least two isolates. One isolate from each individual was selected and subcloned into pHY106 vector, including 5 isolates with YVDD mutation and 3 isolates with YIDD mutation. All recombinant plasmids harboring HBV isolates were transfected into Huh7 cells. The results indicated that HBV genome carried in HBV replicons of clinical HBV isolates could effectively replicate and express in Huh7 cells. Adefovir, but not lamivudine, inhibited HBV replication both in vitro and in vivo, and in vitro inhibition was dose-dependent. CONCLUSION: The novel method described herein enables individualized selection of anti-HBV agents in clinic and is useful in future studies of antiviral therapy for CHB.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus isolate Antiviral agents

Approaches to antiretroviral therapy in China

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Cell Research 2005年第Z1期15卷 895-902页

作者： Bruce L GILLIAM Robert R REDFIELD division of Clinical Care and Research Institute of Human Virology University of Maryland Baltimore MD 21201 USA

China has recognized the threat of HIV to its population and responded with a national antiretroviral treatment (ART) program. However, high ART failure rates and the spread of resistance within populations are important realities to consider when developing and managing ART programs in China and worldwide. Concepts which will define treatment success and local and national programmatic goals are 1) access to ART, 2) durability of ART at the patient level, 3) scalability of treatment modalities, and the 4) sustainability of the program at the community or national level. In the face of limited resources, China must also consider when to start ARV therapy, which agents to use, when to switch them, and how to treat highly experienced patients with drug resistance. The optimal ARV regimen to start with is changing frequently with the introduction of new agents and the presentation of new data. Currently, a regimen including tenofovir, emtricitabine or lamivudine and a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor appears to have optimal characteristics to treat HIV/AIDS in China. However, critical to all of these choices is the evaluation of programs implemented to insure wide scale success. China has wisely begun this process of evaluating the perfor- mance of local programs through systematic monitoring and evaluation of treatment outcomes. This will allow regi- mens and programs that work to be expanded, and programs with high failure rates to be eliminated. In the end, evidence based data supporting treatment strategies will allow China to successfully confront its AIDS epidemic early and prevent its tragic consequences

关键词： antiretroviral therapy scalability HIV/AIDS.

Differential reactivity of mouse monoclonal anti-HBs antibodies with recombinant mutant HBs antigens

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第33期12卷 5368-5374页

作者： Azam Roohi Yaghoub Yazdani Jalal Khoshnoodi Seyed Mohammad Jazayeri William F Carman Mahmood Chamankhah Manley Rashedan Fazel Shokri Department of immunology School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of virology School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran division of virology Institute of Biomedical and Life Science University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom Monoclonal Antibody Research Center Avesina Research Center Tehran Iran

AIM: To investigate the reactivity of a panel of 8 mouse anti-hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using a collection of 9 recombinant HBsAg mutants with a variety of amino acid substitutions mostly located within the “a” ***: The entire HBs genes previously cloned into a mammalian expression vector were transiently transfected into COS7 cells. Two standard unmutated sequences of the ayw and adw subtypes served as controls. Secreted mutant proteins were collected and measured by three commercial diagnostic immunoassays to assess transfection efficiency. Reactivity of anti-HBs mAbs with mutated HBsAgs was determined by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS: Reactivity of anti-HBs mAbs with mutated HBsAgs revealed different patterns. While three mutants reacted strongly with all mAbs, two mutants reacted weakly with only two mAbs and the remaining proteins displayed variable degrees of reactivity towards different mAbs. Accordingly, four groups of mAbs with different but overlapping reactivity patterns could be envisaged. One group consisting of two mAbs (37C5-S7 and 35C6-S11) was found to recognize stable linear epitopes conserved in all mutants. Mutations outside the “a” determinant at positions 120 (P→S), 123(T→N) and 161(M→T) were found to affect reactivity of these ***: Our findings could have important implications for biophysical studies, vaccination strategies and immunotherapy of hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutants.

关键词： Hepatitis B surface antigen Hepatitis B virus Mutant Epitope mapping Vaccination Monoclonal antibody

Silencing of UBP43 by shRNA Enhances the Antiviral Activity of Interferon against Hepatitis B Virus

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Virologica Sinica 2008年第5期23卷 339-344页

作者： He-bin FAN Bao-ju WANG Yin-ping LU You-hua HAO Xin-xing YANG Meng-ji LU Dong-liang YANG division of Clinical immunology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 China Institute of virology School of Medicine University of Essen Essen Germany

Previous studies have shown that expression of the interferon-sensitive gene （ISG）15 protease UBP43 is increased in the liver biopsy specimens of patients who do not respond to interferon （IFN）-α therapy. We hypothesized that UBP43 might hinder the ability of IFN to inhibit HBV replication. In this study, we investigated whether vector-based siRNA promoted by HI （psiUBP43） could enhance IFN inhibiting HBV replication in cell culture. UBP43 was specifically silenced using shRNA. In HepG2.2.15 cells, the HBeAg and HBV DNA levels were significantly reduced by IFN after transfection of shRNA, imphicated that vector-based siRNA promoted by H1 （psiUBP43） could enhance IFN inhibiting HBV replication in cell culture. These data suggest that UBP43 modulates the anti-HBV type I IFN response, and is a possible therapeutic target for the treatment of HBV infection.

关键词： UBP43 shRNA Hepatitis B virus Interferon

Identification of key pathways and gene expression in the activation of mast cells via calcium flux using bioinformatics analysis

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BIOCELL 2021年第2期45卷 395-415页

作者： XIAOYU WANG TAKESHI YAMAMOTO MAKOTO KADOWAKI YIFU YANG Laboratory of immunology and virology Experiment Center for Science and TechnologyShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology Institute of Natural MedicineUniversity of ToyamaToyama9300194Japan

Mast cells are the main effector cells in IgE-associated allergic disorders,and we have reported that mucosal mast cells(MMCs)play a more important role in the development of food allergy(FA).IgE with antigen or calcium ionophore stimulation can lead to the activation of MMCs via a calcium-dependent *** purpose of the present study was to identify gene signatures with IgE/antigen(dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin,DNP-BSA)or calcium ionophore(A23187)on the activation of *** expressed genes between the two types of samples were identified with microarray *** ontology functional and pathway enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes were performed using the database for annotation,visualization,and integrated discovery *** results showed that IgE/antigen and A23187 could induce degranulation,increase vacuoles,and elevate the cytosolic calcium concentration in ***,GeneChip analysis showed that the same 134 mRNAs were altered with IgE/DNP-BSA and A23187,suggesting that DNP-BSA/IgE and A23187 affect the same signal pathway partly in *** analysis showed that the data were enriched in NF-κB,TNF,MAPK,transcription factor activity,DNA binding,and nucleic acid binding,suggesting that activation of MMCs is a complex *** results provide new insights on MMCs activation.

关键词： Mucosal mast cell Antigen Calcium ion Bioinformatics analysis