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Live Cell Imaging with R-GEC01 Sheds Light on fig22- and Chitin-Induced Transient [Ca2＋]cyt Patterns in Arabidopsis

Molecular Plant 2015年第8期8卷 1188-1200页

作者： Nana F. Keinath Rainer Waadt Rik Brugman Julian I. Schroeder Guido Grossmann Karin Schumacher Melanie Krebs Centre for organismal Studies Plant Developmental Biology University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 230 69120 Heidelberg Germany Centre for organismal Studies University of Heidelberg 69120 Heidelberg Germany division of Biological Sciences Cell and Developmental Biology Section University of California San Diego 92093 La Jolla USA These authors contributed equally to this article.

Intracellular Ca2＋ transients are an integral part of the signaling cascade during pathogen-associated molecular pattern （PAMP）-triggered immunity in plants. Yet, our knowledge about the spatial distribution of PAMP-induced Ca2＋ signals is limited. Investigation of cell- and tissue-specific properties of Ca2＋- dependent signaling processes requires versatile Ca2＋ reporters that are able to extract spatial information from cellular and subcellular structures, as well as from whole tissues over time periods from seconds to hours. Fluorescence-based reporters cover both a broad spatial and temporal range, which makes them ideally suited to study Ca2＋ signaling in living cells. In this study, we compared two fluorescence-based Ca2＋ sensors： the F6rster resonance energy transfer （FRET）-based reporter yellow cameleon NES-YC3.6 and the intensity-based sensor R-GECO1. We demonstrate that R-GECO1 exhibits a significantly increased signal change compared with ratiometric NES-YC3.6 in response to several stimuli. Due to its superior sensitivity, R-GECO1 is able to report fig22- and chitin-induced Ca2＋ signals on a cellular scale, which allowed identification of defined [Ca2＋]cyt oscillations in epidermal and guard cells in response to the fungal elicitor chitin. Moreover, we discovered that fig22- and chitin-induced Ca2＋ signals in the root initiate from the elongation zone.

关键词： calcium imaging R-GECO1 fig22 chitin sensor Arabidopsis

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Knockdown of Na,K-ATPase β-subunits in Oncopeltus fasciatus induces molting problems and alterations in tracheal morphology

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Insect Science 2023年第2期30卷 375-397页

作者： Marlena Herbertz Jennifer Lohr Christian Lohr Susanne Dobler division of Molecular Evolutionary biology Department of BiologyInstitute of Cell and Systems Biology of AnimalsUniversitat HamburgHamburg20146Germany division of Neurophysiology Department of BiologyInstitute of Cell and Systems Biology of AnimalsUniversitat HamburgHamburg20146Germany

The ubiquitously expressed transmembrane enzyme Na,K-ATPase(NKA)is vital in maintaining functionality of *** association of α-and β-subunits is believed to be essential for forming a functional *** the large milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus fourα1-paralogs and four β-subunits exist that can associate into NKA *** diversity raises the question of possible tissue-specific distribution and *** the α1-subunits are known to modulate cardenolide-resistance and ion-transport efficiency,the functional importance of the β-subunits needed further *** here characterize all four different β-subunits at the cellular,tissue,and whole organismal scales.A knockdown of different β-subunits heavily interferes with molting success resulting in strongly hampered *** failure of ecdysis might be related to disrupted septate junction(SJ)formation,also reflected in β2-suppression-induced alteration in tracheal *** data further suggest the existence of isolated β-subunits forming homomeric or β-heteromeric *** possible standalone and structure-specific distribution of the β-subunits predicts further,yet unknown pump-independent *** different effects caused byβknockdowns highlight the importance of the various β-subunits to fulfill tissue-specific requirements.

关键词： ecdysis insect Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase protein distribution RNAi septate junctions tissue-specific function

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Drosophila seizure disorders： genetic suppression of seizure susceptibility

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Frontiers in biology 2016年第2期11卷 96-108页

作者： Arunesh Saras Laura E. Simon Harlan J. Brawer Richard E. Price Mark A. Tanouye division of organismal biology Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Molecular and Cell biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Various Drosophila models of human disease have recently received increased interest. The main goal is to uncover the fundamental biological basis for human pathology taking advantage of the power of Drosophila genetics. This review examines a set of Drosophila seizure-sensitive mutations that model human seizure disorders, especially epilepsy. Also described is a novel set of mutations that act as seizure-suppressors that ameliorate epilepsy phenotypes in double mutant combinations.

关键词： Drosophila epilepsy seizure disorders sodium channel seizttre-suppressor genes

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Transcriptional activators and activation mechanisms

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Protein & Cell 2011年第11期2卷 879-888页

作者： Jun Ma division of Biomedical Informatics Division of Developmental BiologyCincinnati Children's Research FoundationUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45229USA

Transcriptional activators are required to turn on the expression of genes in a eukaryotic *** bound to the enhancer can facilitate either the recruitment of RNA polymerase II to the promoter or its *** article examin... 详细信息

关键词： activator transcription co-activator enhancer promoter signal transduction development

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SMXL5 attenuates strigolactone signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana by inhibiting SMXL7 degradation

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Molecular Plant 2024年第4期17卷 631-647页

作者： Qingtian Li Haiyang Yu Wenwen Chang Sunhyun Chang Michael Guzman Lionel Faure Eva-Sophie Wallner Heqin Yan Thomas Greb Lei Wang Ruifeng Yao David C.Nelson Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaRiversideRiversideCA 2521USA Yazhouwan National Laboratory Sanya 572025China Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory Sanya 57205China State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental RegulationCollege of BiologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation Center for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuangHebei 050021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10004China School of the Sciences Biology DivisionTexas Woman’s UniversityDentonTX 76204USA Centre for organismal Studies(COS) Heidelberg University6120 HeidelbergGermany

Hormone-activated proteolysis is a recurring theme of plant hormone signaling *** strigolactone signaling,the enzyme receptor DWARF14(D14)and an F-box protein,MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2(MAX2),mark SUPPRESSOR OF MAX21-LIKE(SMXL)family proteins SMXL6,SMXL7,and SMXL8 for rapid *** of these transcriptional corepressors initiates downstream growth *** homologous proteins SMXL3,SMXL4,and SMXL5,however,are resistant to MAX2-mediated *** discovered that the smxl4 smxl5 mutant has enhanced responses to ***5 attenuates strigolactone signaling by interfering with AtD14-SMXL7 ***5 interacts with AtD14 and SMXL7,providing two possible ways to inhibit SMXL7 ***5 function is partially dependent on an ethylene-responsive-element binding-factor-associated amphiphilic repression(EAR)motif,which typically mediates interactions with the TOPLESS family of transcriptional ***,we found that loss of the EAR motif reduces SMXL5-SMXL7 interactions and the attenuation of strigolactone signaling by *** hypothesize that integration of SMXL5 into heteromeric SMXL complexes reduces the susceptibility of SMXL6/7/8 proteins to strigolactone-activated degradation and that the EAR motif promotes the formation or stability of these *** mechanism may provide a way to spatially or temporally fine-tune strigolactone signaling through the regulation of SMXL5 expression or translation.

关键词： Arabidopsis typically inhibiting

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Telomeres:Linking stress and survival,ecology and evolution

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Current Zoology 2010年第6期56卷 714-727页

作者： Mark F.HAUSSMANN Nicole M.MARCHETTO Department of biology Bucknell University

Telomeres are protective structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. The loss of telomeres through cell division and oxidative stress is related to cellular aging, organismal growth and disease. In this way, telomeres link molecular and cellular mechanisms with organismal processes, and may explain variation in a number of important life-history traits. Here, we discuss how telomere biology relates to the study of physiological ecology and life history evolution. We emphasize current knowledge on how telomeres may relate to growth, survival and lifespan in natural populations. We finish by examining interest- ing new connections between telomeres and the glucocorticoid stress response. Glucocorticoids are often employed as indices of physiological condition, and there is evidence that the glucocorticoid stress response is adaptive. We suggest that one way that glucocorticoids impact organismal survival is through elevated oxidative stress and telomere loss. Future work needs to establish and explore the link between the glucocorticoid stress response and telomere shortening in natural populations. If a link is found, it provides an explanatory mechanism by which environmental perturbation impacts life history trajectories [Current Zoology 56 （6）： 714-727, 2010].

关键词： Corticosterone Stress Survival Telomeres

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Trans-Gulf of Mexico loop migration of tree swallows revealed by solar geolocation

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Current Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 653-659页

作者： David W. BRADLEY Robert G. CLARK Peter O. DUNN Andrew J. LAUGHLIN Caz M. TAYLOR Carol VLECK Linda A. WHITTINGHAM David W. WINKLER D. Ryan NORRIS Department of Integrative biology University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W 1 Canada Bird Studies Canada Port Rowan Ontario N0E 1M0 Canada Environment Canada. Saskatoon. Saskatchewan S7N 0X4. Canada Behavioral and Molecular Ecology Group Department of Biological Sciences University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary biology Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana 70118 USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50011-1020 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary biology Museum of Vertebrates and Lab of Ornithology Comell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA

One of the greatest feats of avian migration is the non-stop crossing of extensive areas of inhospitable habitat such as deserts and seas. Differences in spring and autumn migration routes have been reported in species that cross such barriers, and are thought to have evolved in response to seasonal variation in prevailing wind direction. We tested the hypothesis that migration routes vary seasonally with respect to the Gulf of Mexico in the tree swallow Tachycineta bicolor using solar geolocators attached and retrieved at 4 breeding sites in central North America. We found that 100 % of birds （n = 10） made a trans-Gulf flight of 〉850 km from Louisiana south to their wintering grounds in the Yucatan Peninsula in 12-36 hours, achieving minimum ground speeds as high as 32 m/s. Although most days during autumn migration were characterized by unfavorable headwinds blowing to the northwest, migration over the Gulf mostly occurred on days with strong winds blowing to the south. In contrast, in 8 of 9 （88 %） birds on spring migration returned from the wintering grounds towards Louisiana following a clockwise loop pat- tern flying over land to the west around the Gulf. During this spring period there were few days with prevailing winds from the south to assist northward migration. Results suggest that, despite being up to three times further （ca. 2,700 kin）, a coastal circum-Gulf spring migration represents the less risky route when wind conditions are not favorable. These findings also help to resolve a long-standing dispute in the literature concerning migration patterns between the US Gulf coast and Mexico, and provide insight into the factors shaping migration strategies of small songbirds migrating across large bodies of water [Current Zoology 60（5）： 653-559, 2014].

关键词： Ecological Barrier Geolocation Gulf of Mexico Tachycineta bicolor Tree swallow Migration

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Centromere Epigenetics in Plants

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2013年第5期40卷 201-204页

作者： James A.Birchler Fangpu Han division of Biological Science University of Missouri-Columbia311 Tucker HallColumbia MO 65211-7400USA State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences

The centromere is an essential chromosome site at which the kinetochore forms and loads proteins needed for faithful segregation during the cell cycle and meiosis（Houben et al., 1999;Cleveland et al.,2003;Ma et al.,2007;Birchler and Han,2009）.Centromere specific sequences such as tandem repeats or transposable elements evolve quickly both within and between the species but have conserved kinetochore proteins（Henikoff and Furuyama,2010）.

关键词： Centromere Epigenetics in Plants DNA 飞飞 FISH

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HCSGD：An integrated database of human cellular senescence genes

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2017年第5期44卷 227-234页

作者： Qiongye Dong Hongqing Han Xuehui Liu Lei Wei Wei Zhang Zhen Zhao Michael Q.Zhang Xiaowo Wang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Bioinformatics division Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Beijing 100084 China Department of Basic Medical Sciences School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Cellular senescence is an irreversible cell cycle arrest program in response to various exogenous and endogenous stimuli like telomere dysfunction and DNA *** has been widely accepted as an antitumor program and is also found closely related to embryo development,tissue repair,organismal aging and age-related degenerative *** the past decades,numerous efforts have been made to uncover the gene regulatory mechanisms of cellular *** is a strong demand to integrate these data from various resources into one open *** facilitate researchers on cellular senescence,we have developed Human Cellular Senescence Gene Database（HCSGD） by integrating multiple online published data sources into a comprehensive senescence gene annotation platform（http：//***/member/xwwang/HCSGD）.Potential Human Cellular Senescence Genes（HCSGS）were collected by combining information from published literatures,gene expression profiling data and Protein-Protein Interaction ***,genes are annotated with gene ontology annotation and microRNA/drug/compound target *** provides a valuable resource to visualize cellular senescence gene networks,browse annotated functional information,and retrieve senescenceassociated genes with a user-friendly web interface.

关键词： Cellular senescence Meta-analysis Text-mining

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Consistent individual differences in fathering in threespined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 45-52页

作者： Laura R Stein Alison M Bell Department of Animal biology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA.

There is growing evidence that individual animals show consistent differences in behavior. For example, individual threespined stickleback fish differ in how they react to predators and how aggressive they are during social interactions with con- specifics. A relatively unexplored but potentially important axis of variation is parental behavior. In sticklebacks, fathers provide all of the parental care that is necessary for offspring survival; therefore paternal care is directly tied to fitness. In this study, we assessed whether individual male sticklebacks differ consistently from each other in parental behavior. We recorded visits to nest, total time fanning, and activity levels of 11 individual males every day throughout one clutch, and then allowed the males to breed again. Half of the males were exposed to predation risk while parenting during the first clutch, and the other half of the males ex- perienced predation risk during the second clutch. We detected dranlatic temporal changes in parental behaviors over the course of the clutch： for example, total time fanning increased six-fold prior to eggs hatching, then decreased to approximately zero. De- spite these temporal changes, males retained their individually-distinctive parenting styles within a clutch that could not be ex- plained by differences in body size or egg mass. Moreover, individual differences in parenting were maintained when males re- produced for a second time. Males that were exposed to simulated predation risk briefly decreased fanning and increased activity levels. Altogether, these results show that individual sticklebacks consistently differ from each other in how they behave as parents [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 45-52, 2012].

关键词： Paternal care Personality Behavioral syndrome Fathers Temperament Antipredator behavior

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