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Optimization of a fermented pumpkin-based beverage to improve Lactobacillus mali survival and-glucosidase inhibitory activity:A response surface methodology approach

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2018年第1期7卷 57-70页

作者： W.Y.Koh U.Uthumporn A.Rosma A.R.Irfan Y.H.Park Food Technology division School of Industrial TechnologyUniversiti Sains MalaysiaMinden 11800PenangMalaysia Bioprocess division School of Industrial TechnologyUniversiti Sains MalaysiaMinden 11800PenangMalaysia Department of Applied microbiology and Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanSouth Korea

The aim of this research was to develop an optimum fermentation and composition model for a new fermented pumpkin-based beverage with high probiotic survival and-glucosidase inhibitory *** between fermentation temperature,inoculum and ingredient concentration with response variables(fermentation time at the fermentation endpoint pH 4.5,survival rate of Lactobacillus mali K8 in pumpkin-based beverage treated with simulated gastrointestinal tract enzyme fluids,-glucosidase inhibitory activity and sensory overall acceptability after 4 weeks of refrigerated storage)was investigated using response surface *** formulation was obtained at an approximation of 40%pumpkin puree concentration,8 Log CFU/mL inoculum and at 35℃.The product derived from this optimum formula reached the fermentation endpoint after 28.34±0.10 h and the quality change during 4 weeks storage was *** product achieved 88.56±0.67%of *** survival after treatment with simulated gastric and intestinal juices;demonstrated 95.89±0.30% α-glucosidase inhibitory activity,as well as scored 6.99±0.40 on sensory overall acceptability after 4 weeks of *** findings illustrated that the model is effective in improving probiotic survival and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with excellent sensory acceptability,thus may offer a dietary means for the management of hyperglycaemia.

关键词： Probiotics Response surface methodology Box-Behnken Hyperglycaemia Functional food

Role of ATG16L,NOD2 and IL23R in Crohn's disease pathogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第5期18卷 412-424页

作者： Saleh A Naser Melissa Arce Anam Khaja Marlene Fernandez Najih Naser Sammer Elwasila Saisathya Thanigachalam Department of Molecular Biology and microbiology Burnett School of Biomedical SciencesCollege of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816United States division of Research and Development BioSynseCaryNC 27513United States

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of diseases that includes Crohn＇s disease （CD） and ulcerative colitis. CD is characterized as a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, ranging from the mouth to the anus. Although there are gross pathological and histological similarities between CD and Johne＇s dis- ease of cattle, the cause of CD remains controversial. It is vital to understand fully the cause of this disease because it affects approximately 500 000 people in North America and Europe. It ranges from 27 to 48 cases per 100 000 people. There are many theories on the cause of CD ranging from possible association with environmental factors including microorganisms to imbalance in the intestinal normal flora of the pa- tients. Regardless of the environmental trigger, there is strong evidence that a genetic disposition is a major key in acquiring CD. Many studies have proven the link between mutations in the ATG16L, NOD2/CARD15, IBDS, CTLA4, TNFSF15 and IL23R genes, and CD. The purpose of this review is to examine all genetic aspects and theories of CD, including up to date multiple popu- lation studies performed worldwide.

关键词： Crohn's disease ATG16L NOD2/CARD15 IBDS CTLA4 TNFSF15 IL23R

HNF-4α determines hepatic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第40期16卷 5092-5103页

作者： Mong-Liang Chen Kuan-Der Lee Huei-Chun Huang Yue-Lin Tsai Yi-Chieh Wu Tzer-Min Kuo Cheng-Po Hu Chungming Chang division of Molecular and Genomic Medicine National Health Research Institutes Department of Hematology and Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Institute of microbiology and Immunology National Yang-Ming University Department of Life Science Tunghai University

AIM: To investigate the differentiation status and key factors to facilitate hepatic differentiation of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). METHODS: Human MSCs derived from bone marrow were induced into hepatocyte-like cells following a previously published protocol. The differentiation status of the hepatocyte-like cells was compared with various human hepatoma cell lines. Overexpression of hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4α was mediated by adenovirus infection of these hepatocyte-like cells. The expression of interesting genes was then examined by either re-verse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or real-time RT-PCR methods. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that the differentiation status of hepatocyte-like cells induced from human MSCs was relatively similar to poorly differentiated human hepatoma cell lines. Interestingly, the HNF-4 isoform in induced MSCs and poorly differentiated human hepatoma cell lines was identified as HNF4γ instead of HNF-4α. Overexpression of HNF-4α in induced MSCs significantly enhanced the expression level of hepatic-specific genes, liver-enriched transcription factors, and cytochrome P450 (P450) genes. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of HNF-4α improves the hepatic differentiation of human MSCs from bone marrow and is a simple way of providing better cell sources for clinical applications.

关键词： Bone marrow Cytochrome P450 genes Differentiation of hepatocyte Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 Human mesenchymal stem cells

Articulating beneficial rhizobacteria-mediated plant defenses through induced systemic resistance:A review

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Pedosphere 2023年第4期33卷 556-566页

作者： Aniruddh RABARI Janki RUPARELIA Chaitanya Kumar JHA Riyaz Z.SAYYED Debasis MITRA Ankita PRIYADARSHINI Ansuman SENAPATI Periyasamy PANNEERSELVAM Pradeep K.DAS MOHAPATRA Department of microbiology and Biotechnology Gujarat UniversityAhmedabadGujarat 380006(India) microbiology Department Gujarat Arts and Science CollegeEllisbridgeAhmedabadGujarat 380006(India) Department of microbiology PSGVP Mandal's ArtsScience and Commerce CollegeMaharashtraShahada 425409(India) Department of microbiology Raiganj UniversityRaiganjUttar DinajpurWest Bengal 733134(India) Crop Production division Indian Council of Agriculture Research(ICAR)-National Rice Research InstituteCuttackOdisha 753006(India) Professor A.K.B.Environment Conservation Centre Raiganj UniversityRaiganjWest Bengal 733134(India)

Induced systemic resistance(ISR)is a mechanism by which certain plant beneficial rhizobacteria and fungi produce immunity,which can stimulate crop growth and resilience against various phytopathogens,insects,and *** beneficial rhizobacteria and fungi improve plant performance by regulating hormone signaling,including salicylic acid(SA),jasmonic acid(JA),prosystemin,pathogenesis-related gene 1,and ethylene(ET)pathways,which activate the gene expression of ISR,the synthesis of secondary metabolites,various enzymes,and volatile compounds that ultimately induce defense mechanisms in *** protect themselves from disease,plants have various advanced defense mechanisms in which local acquired resistance,systemic gene silencing,systemic wound response,systemic acquired resistance(SAR),and ISR are *** rhizobacteria activate the SA-dependent SAR pathway by producing SA at the root’s *** contrast,other rhizobacteria can activate different signaling pathways independent of SA(SA-independent ISR pathways)such as those dependent on JA and ET *** main objective of this review is to provide insight into the types of induced resistance utilized for plant *** to this,the genetic approaches used to suppress disease-causing genes,i.e.,RNA interference and antisense RNA,which are still underutilized in sustainable agriculture,along with the current vision for virus-induced gene silencing are also discussed.

关键词： biocontrol gene silencing local acquired resistance phytohormone secondary induced resistances signaling pathways systemic acquired resistance

Review of current diagnostic methods and advances in Helicobacter pylori diagnostics in the era of next generation sequencing

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第32期25卷 4629-4660页

作者： Daniel Pohl Peter M Keller Valentine Bordier Karoline Wagner division of Gastroenterology University Hospital of ZurichZurich 8006Switzerland Institute for Infectious Diseases University of BernBern 3010Switzerland Institute of Medical microbiology University of ZurichZurich 8006Switzerland

Helicobacter pylori(***)infection is highly prevalent in the human population and may lead to severe gastrointestinal pathology including gastric and duodenal ulcers,mucosa associated tissue lymphoma and gastric *** recent years,an alarming increase in antimicrobial resistance and subsequently failing empiric *** eradication therapies have been noted worldwide,also in many European ***,rapid and accurate determination of ***’s antibiotic susceptibility prior to the administration of eradication regimens becomes ever more ***,detection of *** and its antimicrobial resistance is done by culture and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing that are cumbersome with a long *** advances in diagnostics provide new tools,like real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and line probe assays,to diagnose *** infection and antimicrobial resistance to certain antibiotics,directly from clinical ***,high-throughput whole genome sequencing technologies allow the rapid analysis of the pathogen’s genome,thereby allowing identification of resistance mutations and associated antibiotic *** the first part of this review,we will give an overview on currently available diagnostic methods for detection of *** and its drug resistance and their implementation in *** *** second part of the review focusses on the use of next generation sequencing technology in *** *** this end,we conducted a literature search for original research articles in English using the terms“Helicobacter”,“transcriptomic”,“transcriptome”,“next generation sequencing”and“whole genome sequencing”.This review is aimed to bridge the gap between current diagnostic practice(histology,rapid urease test,*** culture,PCR and line probe assays)and new sequencing technologies and their potential implementation in diagnostic laboratory settings in order to complement the currently

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Advances in diagnostics Next generation sequencing Whole genome sequencing Clinical management

Antimicrobial resistance in clinically important biofilms

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World Journal of Pharmacology 2015年第1期4卷 31-46页

作者： Fatemeh Rafii Mark E Hart division of microbiology National Center for Toxicological ResearchFDA

A biofilm contains a consortium of cohesive bacterial cells forming a complex structure that is a sedentary, but dynamic, community. Biofilms adhere on biotic and abiotic surfaces, including the surfaces of practically all medical devices. Biofilms are reported to be responsible for approximately 60% of nosocomial infections due to implanted medical devices, such as intravenous catheters, and they also cause other foreign-body infections and chronic infections. The presence of biofilm on a medical device may result in the infection of surrounding tissues and failure of the device, necessitating the removal and replacement ofthe device. Bacteria from biofilms formed on medical devices may be released and disperse, with the potential for the formation of new biofilms in other locations and the development of a systemic infection. Regardless of their location, bacteria in biofilms are tolerant of the activities of the immune system, antimicrobial agents, and antiseptics. Concentrations of antimicrobial agents sufficient to eradicate planktonic cells have no effect on the same microorganism in a biofilm. Depending on the microbial consortium or component of the biofilm that is involved, various combinations of factors have been suggested to explain the recalcitrant nature of biofilms toward killing by antibiotics. In this mini-review, some of the factors contributing to antimicrobial resistance in biofilms are discussed.

关键词： Biofilm Bacteria Antimicrobial agent Medical devices Nosocomial infections Resistance

Dynamic regulation of innate lymphoid cells in the mucosal immune system

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第6期18卷 1387-1394页

作者： Fei Shao Dou Yu Pengyan Xia Shuo Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina division of Life Sciences of Medicine University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical SciencesNHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking UniversityBeijingChina

The mucosal immune system is considered a local immune system,a term that implies regional *** tissues are continually exposed to a wide range of *** regulation of mucosal immune cells is tightly associated with the progression of mucosal *** lymphoid cells(ILCs)are abundant in mucosal barriers and serve as first-line defenses against *** subtype changes and translocation of ILCs are accompanied by the pathologic processes of mucosal ***,we review the plasticity and circulation of ILCs in the mucosal immune system under physiological and pathological *** also discuss the signaling pathways involved in dynamic ILC changes and the related targets in mucosal diseases.

关键词： ILCs transdifferentiation translocation dynamic regulation mucosal immune system

Murine lung eosinophil activation and chemokine production in allergic airway inflammation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第5期7卷 361-374页

作者： C Edward Rose Jr Joanne A Lannigan Paul Kim James J Lee Shu Man Fu Sun-sang J Sung division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Department of MedicineUniversity of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVAUSA Department of microbiology University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVAUSA Center for Immunity Inflammationand Regenerative Medicine and Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVAUSA division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMayo Clinic ArizonaScottsdaleAZUSA

Eosinophils play important roles in asthma and lung *** models are widely used for assessing the functional significance and mechanistic basis for eosinophil involvements in these ***,little is known about tissue eosinophils in *** addition,little data on eosinophil chemokine production during allergic airway inflammation are *** this study,the properties and functions of homeostatic and activated eosinophils were *** from normal tissues expressed costimulation and adhesion molecules B7-1,B7-2 and ICAM-1 for Ag presentation but little major histocompatibility complex(MHC)class II,and were found to be poor stimulators of T-cell ***,these eosinophils expressed high levels of chemokine mRNA including C10,macrophage inflammatory protein(MIP)-1a,MIP-1c,MIP-2,eotaxin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-5(MCP-5),and produced chemokine *** intracellular chemokines decreased rapidly with concomitant surface marker downregulation upon in vitro culturing consistent with piecemeal *** eosinophils from mice with induced allergic airway inflammation exhibited increased chemokines mRNA expression and chemokines protein production and upregulated MHC class II and CD11c *** were also found to be the predominant producers of the CCR1 ligands CCL6/C10 and CCL9/MIP-1c in inflamed *** production of C10 and MIP-1c correlated with the marked influx of CD11bhigh lung dendritic cells during allergic airway inflammation and the high expression of CCR1 on these dendritic cells(DCs).The study provided baseline information on tissue eosinophils,documented the upregulation of activation markers and chemokine production in activated eosinophils,and indicated that eosinophils were a key chemokine-producing cell type in allergic lung inflammation.

关键词： allergy chemokines eosinophils lung mouse

Insight into the antifungal mechanism of Neosartorya fischeri antifungal protein

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Protein & Cell 2015年第7期6卷 518-528页

作者： Mate Viragh Annamaria Marton Csaba Vizier Liliana Toth Csaba Vagvolgyi Florentine Marx Laszlo Galgoczy Department of microbiology Faculty of Science and Informatics University of Szeged Szeged Hungary Institute of Biochemistry Biological Research Centre Hungarian Academy of Sciences Szeged Hungary division of Molecular Biology Biocenter Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck Austria

Small, cysteine-rich, highly stable antifungal proteins secreted by filamentous Ascomycetes have great po- tential for the development of novel antifungal strate- gies. However, their practical application is still limited due to their not fully clarified mode of action. The aim of this work was to provide a deep insight into the anti-fungal mechanism of Neosartorya fischeri antifungal protein （NFAP）, a novel representative of this protein group. Within a short exposure time to NFAP, reduced cellular metabolism, apoptosis induction, changes in the actin distribution and chitin deposition at the hyphal tip were observed in NFAP-sensitive Aspergillus nidulans. NFAP did show neither a direct membrane disrupting- effect nor uptake by endocytosis. Investigation of A. nidulans signalling mutants revealed that NFAP acti- vates the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway via G-protein signalling which leads to apoptosis and inhibition of polar growth. In contrast, NFAP does not have any in- fluence on the cell wall integrity pathway, but an un- known cell wall integrity pathway-independent mitogen activated protein kinase A-activated target is assumed to be involved in the cell death induction. Taken to- gether, it was concluded that NFAP shows similarities, but also differences in its mode of antifungal action compared to two most investigated NFAP-related pro-teins from Aspergillus giganteus and Penicillium chrysogenum.

关键词： Neosartorya fischeri antifungal protein,Aspergillus nidulans cAMP/Pka signalling Pkc/Mpksignalling antifungal mechanism