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Differences between British and Japanese perspectives on forensic mental health systems:A preliminary study

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World Journal of psychiatry 2017年第1期7卷 8-11页

作者： Akihiro Shiina Aika Tomoto Soichiro Omiya Aiko Sato Masaomi Iyo Yoshito Igarashi division of Medical Treatment and Rehabilitation Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health division of Law and psychiatry Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health Social psychiatry and Mental Health Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Tsukuba Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine

AIM To clarify the differences in views on forensic mental health(FMH) systems between the United Kingdom and *** We conducted a series of semi-structured interviews with six leading forensic psychiatrists. Based on a discussion by the research team, we created an interview form. After we finished conducting all the interviews, we qualitatively analyzed their content. RESULTS In the United Kingdom the core domain of FMH was risk assessment and management; however, in Japan, the core domain of FMH was psychiatric testimony. In the United Kingdom, forensic psychiatrists were responsible for ensuring public safety, and psychopathy was identified as a disease but deemed as not suitable for medical treatment. On the other hand, in Japan, psychopathy was not considered a mental illness. CONCLUSION In conclusion, there are considerable differences between the United Kingdom and Japan with regard to the concepts of FMH. Some ideas taken from both cultures for better FMH practice were suggested.

关键词： forensic mental health Medical treatment and supervision act Psychopathy International comparison Qualitative research

Insights from an academic endeavor into central nervous system drug discovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1717-1718页

作者： Lieve van Veggel An M.Voets Tim Vanmierlo Rudy Schreiber BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute Faculty of Medicine and Life SciencesHasselt UniversityHasseltBelgium Department of psychiatry and Neuropsychology Division of Translational NeuroscienceEuropean Graduate School of NeuroscienceSchool for Mental Health and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Section of Psychopharmacology Neuropsychology and PsychopharmacologyFaculty of Psychology and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands University MS Center(UMSC) Hasselt-PeltBelgium

Historically,"big pharma"did most central nervous system drug discovery R&D ***,in modern times their"management reductionism"resulted in disappointing pipelines and pharma resided to(late)development,regulatory approval,and marketing(Thong,2015).This had significant consequences for financing and executing research,resulting in a larger role for funding by governments and patient-organizations and a shift of research to academia(Mazzucato,2013).

关键词： academic approval consequences

Effect of educational intervention on attitudes toward the concept of criminal responsibility

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World Journal of psychiatry 2017年第4期7卷 197-206页

作者： Akihiro Shiina Tomihisa Niitsu Aiko Sato Soichiro Omiya Takako Nagata Aika Tomoto Hiroyuki Watanabe Yoshito Igarashi Masaomi Iyo division of Medical Treatment and Rehabilitation Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health Department of psychiatry Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Social psychiatry and Mental Health Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare division of Law and Psy-chiatry Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health

AIM To evaluate the effect of educational intervention on individuals' knowledge of and attitudes toward forensic mental *** We conducted a questionnaire regarding attitudes toward various ideas about forensic mental health. The respondents attended a 1-h seminar regarding forensic mental health after answering the questionnaire. On completion of the seminar, the respondents answered another questionnaire containing many of the same questions as contained in the pre-seminar *** A total of 86 individuals attended the seminar, and 78 responded to the questionnaire. Only 13(18.8%) participants were supportive of the concept of criminal responsibility initially, and there was a statistically significant increase in those who became more supportive after the seminar, with 22(33%) being supportive after the seminar(Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P forensic mental systems and those with fewer opportunities to see media reports regarding psychiatry were likely to become supportive of criminal responsibility after the *** These results suggest that public attitudes toward criminal responsibility and mental health can be influenced via educational interventions.

关键词： forensic psychiatry Criminal responsibility psychiatry,Law and Ethics Public policy Education in psychiatry Anti-stigma in psychiatry

Peripheral mitochondrial DNA as a neuroinflammatory biomarker for major depressive disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1541-1554页

作者： Jinmei Ye Cong Duan Jiaxin Han Jinrong Chen Ning Sun Yuan Li Tifei Yuan Daihui Peng division of Mood Disorder Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of psychiatry First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders Brain Health InstituteNational Center for Mental DisordersShanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

In the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder, chronic stress-related neuroinflammation hinders favorable prognosis and antidepressant response. Mitochondrial DNA may be an inflammatory trigger, after its release from stress-induced dysfunctional central nervous system mitochondria into peripheral circulation. This evidence supports the potential use of peripheral mitochondrial DNA as a neuroinflammatory biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder. Herein, we critically review the neuroinflammation theory in major depressive disorder, providing compelling evidence that mitochondrial DNA release acts as a critical biological substrate, and that it constitutes the neuroinflammatory disease pathway. After its release, mitochondrial DNA can be carried in the exosomes and transported to extracellular spaces in the central nervous system and peripheral circulation. Detectable exosomes render encaged mitochondrial DNA relatively stable. This mitochondrial DNA in peripheral circulation can thus be directly detected in clinical practice. These characteristics illustrate the potential for mitochondrial DNA to serve as an innovative clinical biomarker and molecular treatment target for major depressive disorder. This review also highlights the future potential value of clinical applications combining mitochondrial DNA with a panel of other biomarkers, to improve diagnostic precision in major depressive disorder.

关键词： biomarker cytokine exosomes inflammasome major depressive disorder microglia mitochondrial DNA mitochondrial dysfunction neuroinflammation Toll-like receptor

The power of“touch”and early enriched stimulation:neuroplasticity effects in rodents and preterm infants

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第6期17卷 1248-1250页

作者： Alberto Fernández-Teruel Department of psychiatry and forensic Medicine&Institute of Neurosciences School of MedicineAutonomous University of BarcelonaBellaterraBarcelonaSpain

Early postnatal stimulation,e.g.,neonatal handling(NH)in its most frequent form,and environmental enrichment(EE,the exposure of juvenile animals,usually during several weeks,to environments involving rich and variable sensory stimulation)produce profound and long-lasting behavioral and neurobiological *** treatments reduce anxiety and stress sensitivity,and improve neurodevelopment and learning/memory in unconditioned and conditioned tasks in laboratory rodents.

关键词： stimulation neonatal enriched

Effectiveness of lorazepam-assisted interviews in an adolescent with dissociative amnesia A case report

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第2期8卷 186-190页

作者： Yuna Seo Mi-Hee Shin Sung-Gon Kim Ji-Hoon Kim Department of psychiatry Aram Hospital Department of psychiatry Pusan National University School of Medicine division of Child-Adolescent psychiatry Department of Psychiatry Pusan National University School of Medicine

To facilitate gathering information during a psychiatric interview, some psychiatrists advocate augmenting the interview using drugs. Rather than barbiturates, benzodiazepines have been used for drug-assisted interviews. Dissociative amnesia is one of the indications for these interviews. Herein, we present the case of a 15-year-old female who was diagnosed as having dissociative amnesia because of conflicts with her friends. She was administered a Iorazepam-assisted interview to aid recovery of her memories. In this case, a small dose of Iorazepam was sufficient to recover her memories without any adverse effects.

关键词： neural regeneration clinical practice dissociative amnesia dissociative disorder dissociation drug-assisted interview amobarbital, Iorazepam benzodiazepine adolescent memory loss emotional distress distress grant-supported paper neuroregeneration

Possible effect of blonanserin on gambling disorder:A clinical study protocol and a case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第11期9卷 2469-2477页

作者： Akihiro Shiina Tadashi Hasegawa Masaomi Iyo division of Medical Treatment and Rehabilitation Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental HealthChiba 260-8670Japan Department of psychiatry Chiba University HospitalChiba 260-8670Japan Department of psychiatry Chiba University Graduate School of MedicineChiba 260-8670Japan

BACKGROUND Gambling disorder is characterized by excessive and recurrent gambling and can have serious negative social *** several psychotherapeutic and pharmacological approaches have been used to treat gambling disorder,new treatment strategies are *** evidence suggests that dopamine D3 receptor plays a specific role in the brain reward *** To investigate if blonanserin,a dopamine D3 receptor antagonist,would be effective in reducing gambling impulses in patients with gambling *** We developed a study protocol to measure the efficacy and safety of blonanserin as a potential drug for gambling disorder,in which up to 12 mg/d of blonanserin was prescribed for 8 *** A 37-year-old female patient with gambling disorder,intellectual disability,and other physical diseases participated in the pilot *** case showed improvement of gambling symptoms without any ***,blonanserin was discontinued owing to excessive saliva *** This case suggests that blonanserin is potentially an effective treatment for patients with gambling disorder who resist standard therapies,but it also carries a risk of adverse effects. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings.

关键词： Blonanserin Gambling disorder Medication Clinical trial protocol D3 receptor Case report

Eye tracking and child sexual offenders:a systematic review

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forensic Sciences Research 2021年第2期6卷 133-140页

作者： Tony Godet Gérard Niveau Unit of forensic psychiatry University center of Legal MedicineGeneva University hospitalsGenevaswitzerland

Eye tracking is used in sexology to identify attractiveness and sexual desire *** systematic review summarizes results of works that have used eye tracking to analyse paedophilic interest in order to investigate its potential as a useful forensic *** studies met the inclusion *** of them concerned a large study project and used approximatively the same sample of paedophiles(inpatients),forensic patients(without a sexual interest in children)and healthy controls to make comparisons between the three *** study added 11 self-declared paedophiles(outpatients)for a comparison between inpatient paedophiles,outpatient paedophiles and controls(healthy and forensic inpatients).One study compared a group of child sexual offenders with *** studies used static pictures of male and female subjects at different pubertal *** studies divided every picture into a different area of *** variables used are fixation latency(early attention)and relative fixation time,(later attention).Each study identified significant differences between the paedophile group versus other groups:shorter fixation latency on child pictures,longer fixation time on child pictures and number of fixation most important on child *** scores(age preference index and attentional control index)showed hight and/or moderate sensitivity and *** the results suggest the eye tracking can discriminate between paedophile interest and non-paedophile interest,there are too few studies on this specific topic and further research is needed with larger and different sample,carried out by different research *** these findings were confirmed,it remains unclear as to their impact in a forensic context when presented openly in Court.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic psychiatry eye tracking paedophiles sexual offenders systematic review

Body Fluid Identification by Messenger RNA Profiling in Sexual Assault

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Journal of forensic Science and Medicine 2022年第3期8卷 118-122页

作者： Chong Wang Hemiao Zhao Qingzhen Meng Hui Sun Xiulan Xu Wanshui Li division of forensic Genetics Key Laboratory of Forensic GeneticsInstitute of Forensic ScienceMinistry of Public SecurityBeijingChina

Body fluid identification through messenger RNA(mRNA)has been proposed as a useful supplement to presumptive and confirmatory tests by previous laboratory studies;however,its application in routine clinical forensic examination was *** report a case of sexual assault in which body fluid identification by mRNA profiling was *** secretions mRNA markers(MUC4,HBD1,and CYP2B7P1)were used to test the sample,being obtained positive *** case demonstrates that mRNA profiling of body fluids could be applied to routine case examinations as an aid,acting as a scientific collaborative evidence to strengthen the medicolegal opinion.

关键词： Body fluid identification messenger RNA profiling sexual assault