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Exploring the role of mononuclear phagocytes in the epididymis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第4期17卷 591-596页

作者： Nicolas Da Silva Tegan B Smith Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Division of Nephrology Center for Systems Biology Boston Massachusetts USA.

The onslaught of foreign antigens carried by spermatozoa into the epididymis, an organ that has not demonstrated immune privilege, a decade or more after the establishment of central immune tolerance presents a unique biological challenge. Historically, the physical confinement of spermatozoa to the epididymal tubule enforced by a tightly interwoven wall of epithelial cells was considered sufficient enough to prevent cross talk between gametes and the immune system and, ultimately, autoimmune destruction. The discovery of an intricate arrangement of mononuclear phagocytes （MPs） comprising dendritic cells and macrophages in the murine epididymis suggests that we may have underestimated the existence of a sophisticated mucosal immune system in the posttesticular environment. This review consolidates our current knowledge of the physiology of MPs in the steady state epididymis and speculates on possible interactions between auto-antigenic spermatozoa, pathogens and the immune system by drawing on what is known about the immune system in the intestinal mucosa. Ultimately, further investigation will provide valuable information regarding the origins of pathologies arising as a result of autoimmune or inflammatory responses in the epididymis, including epididymitis and infertility.

关键词： antigen-presenting cells autoimmunity dendritic cells epididymis macrophages peripheral tolerance sperm maturation spermatozoa

Recognizing single phospholipid vesicle collisions on carbon fiber nanoelectrode

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第11期60卷 1474-1480页

作者： Yueyue Zhang Min Li Zhenhua Li Qian Li Ali Aldalbahi Jiye Shi Lihua Wang Chunhai Fan Xiaolei Zuo division of physical biology Shanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Chemistry Department King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

We recognize the stochastic collisions of dopamine contained phospholipid vesicle on carbon fiber nanoelectrode, extending the observation of discrete collision events on nanoelectrode to biologically relevant analytes. To decrease noise interference to the technique, the dimensions of nanoelectrode was systematically investigated and optimized. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) further supported the comparable sizes of nanoelectrode and vesicles(~100 nm in diameter). Vesicles collision and rupture on the surface of nanoelectrode led to the dopamine release from vesicles, which could be electrochemically oxidized to dopamine-o-quinone and detected via voltammetry. The comparable size of the nanoelectrode with vesicles and fast voltammetry allowed differentiation of single collision events from the current magnitudes and peak widths in the electrochemical collision experiments, which shows the efficacy of the method to characterize vesicle samples. This work provides a foundation upon which quantitative sensor technology might be built for the detection of dopamine contained vesicles with high spatial and temporal resolution.

关键词： single vesicle carbon fiber nanoelectrode high resolution electrochemical detection

Discrimination of foodborne pathogenic bacteria using synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第4期28卷 38-43页

作者： Ya-Di Wang Xue-Ling Li Zhi-Xiao Liu Xing-Xing Zhang Jun Hu Jun-Hong Lü division of physical biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Shanghai 201800 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai center for Bioinformation Technology Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology Shanghai 201203China center for Clinical and Translational Medicine Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute Shanghai 201203 China

Traditional Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy has been recognized as a valuable method to characterize and classify kinds of *** this study,combined with multivariate statistical analysis,synchrotron radiation-based FTIR(SR-FTIR) microspectroscopy was applied to identify and discriminate ten foodborne bacterial *** results show that the whole spectra(3000-900 cm^(-1)) and three subdivided spectral regions(3000-2800,1800-1500 and 1200-900 cm^(-1),representing lipids,proteins and polysaccharides,respectively) can be used to type *** the whole spectra or the three subdivided spectra are good for discriminating the bacteria at levels of species and subspecies,but the whole spectra should be given preference at the genus *** findings demonstrate that SR-FTIR microspectroscopy is a powerful tool to identify and classify foodborne pathogenic bacteria at the genus,species and subspecies level.

关键词： Synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy Foodborne pathogens Bacterial discrimination Subdivided spectral regions Multivariate statistical analysis

Synchrotron FTIR spectroscopy reveals molecular changes in Escherichia coli upon Cu^2＋ exposure

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2016年第3期27卷 45-52页

作者： Xiao-Juan Hu Zhi-Xiao Liu Ya-Di Wang Xue-Ling Li Jun Hu Jun-Hong Lv division of physical biology and CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai center for Bioinformation Technology Shanghai Academy of Science and TechnologyShanghai 201203China center for Clinical and Translational Medicine Shanghai Industrial Technology InstituteShanghai 201203China

Copper ions(e.g.,Cu^(2+)) have outstanding antibacterial properties,but the exact mechanism is rather complex and not fully *** this work,synchrotron Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy was used as an analytical tool to investigate the CuCl_2-induced biochemical changes in Escherichia *** spectral measurements indicated that this technique is sensitive enough to detect changes in membrane lipids,nucleic acids,peptidoglycans and proteins of Cu^(2+)-treated ***,for short-time treated cells,the effects on phospholipid composition were clearly shown,while no significant alterations of proteins,nucleic acids and peptidoglycans were *** quantitative nano-mechanics mode atomic force microscopy(AFM)confirmed the changes in the topography and mechanical properties of bacteria upon the Cu^(2+) *** study demonstrated that FTIR spectroscopy combined with AFM can provide more comprehensive evaluation on the biochemical and mechanical responses of bacteria to copper.

关键词： CuCl2 红外光谱大肠杆菌同步原子力显微镜 FTIR光谱分子曝光

Deciphering active biocompatibility of iron oxide nanoparticles from their intrinsic antagonism

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Nano Research 2018年第5期11卷 2746-2755页

作者： Lu Wang Zejun Wang Xiaoming Li Yi Zhang Min Yin Jiang Li Haiyun Song Jiye Shi Daishun Ling Lihua Wang Nan Chen Chunhai Fan division of physical biology and bioimaging center Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Focility CAS Key Laboratory of Interracial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China School of Life Scienceand Technology Shanghai Tech University Shanghai 201210 China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research Institute for Nutritional Sciences Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China UCB Pharma 208 Bath Road Slough SL1 3WE UK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China

Magnetite nanoparticles （Fe3O4 NPs） are a well proven biocompatible nanomaterial, which hold great promise in various biomedical applications. Interestingly, unlike conventional biocompatible materials （e.g., polyethylene glycol （PEG）） that are chemically and biologically inert in nature, Fe3O4 NPs are known to be catalytically active and exhibit prominent physiological effects. Herein, we report an ＂active＂, dynamic equilibrium mechanism for maintaining the cellular amenity of Fe3O4 NPs. We examined the effects of two types of iron oxide （magnetite and hematite） NPs in rat pheochromocytoma （PC12） cells and found that both induced stress responses. However, only Fe2O3 NPs caused significant programmed cell death; whereas Fe3O4 NPs are amenable to cells. We found that intrinsic catalase-like activity of Fe3O4 NPs antagonized the accumulation of toxic reactive oxygen species （ROS） induced by themselves, and thereby modulated the extent of cellular oxidative stress, autophagic activity, and programmed cell death. In line with this observation, we effectively reversed severe autophagy and cell death caused by Fe2O3 NPs via co-treatment with natural catalase. This study not only deciphers the distinct intrinsic antagonism of Fe3O4 NPs, but opens new routes to designing biocompatible theranostic nanoparticles with novel mechanisms.

关键词： catalase-like activity iron oxide nanoparticles autophagy cytotoxicity reactive oxygen species

Single-cell Transcriptomes Reveal Characteristics of MicroRNAs in Gene Expression Noise Reduction

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2021年第3期19卷 394-407页

作者： Tao Hu Lei Wei Shuailin Li Tianrun Cheng Xuegong Zhang Xiaowo Wang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Center for Synthetic and Systems BiologyBioinformatics DivisionBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyDepartment of AutomationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Isogenic cells growing in identical environments show cell-to-cell variations because of the stochasticity in gene *** levels of variation or noise can disrupt robust gene expression and result in tremendous consequences for cell *** this work,we showed evidence from single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis that microRNAs(miRNAs)can reduce gene expression noise at the mRNA level in mouse *** identified that the miRNA expression level,number of targets,target pool abundance,and miRNA-target interaction strength are the key features contributing to noise *** tend to work together in cooperative subnetworks to repress target noise synergistically in a cell type-specific *** building a physical model of post-transcriptional regulation and observing in synthetic gene circuits,we demonstrated that accelerated degradation with elevated transcriptional activation of the miRNA target provides resistance to extrinsic ***,through the integrated analysis of single-cell RNA and miRNA expression profiles,we demonstrated that miRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators for reducing gene expression noise and conferring robustness to biological processes.

关键词： MicroRNA regulation Gene expression noise Competing RNA microRNA regulation network Singlecell RNA sequencing

Gender and metabolic differences of gallstone diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第15期15卷 1886-1891页

作者： Hui Sun Hong Tang Shan Jiang Li Zeng En-Qiang Chen Tao-You Zhou You-Juan Wang center of Infectious Diseases West China Hospital of SichuanUniversity division of Molecular biology of Infectious Diseases the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy (Sichuan University)Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province China First Department of internal Medicine Wusheng People's Hospital Guangan 638400 Sichuan Province ChinaLi Zeng You-Juan Wang Physical Examination CenterWest China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610041Sichuan Province China physical Examination center West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610041Sichuan Province China

AIM： To investigate the risk factors for gallstone disease in the general population of Chengdu, China. METHODS： This study was conducted at the West China Hospital. Subjects who received a physical examination at this hospital between January and December 2007 were included. Body mass index, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, serum lipid and lipoproteins concentrations were analyzed. Gallstone disease was diagnosed by ultrasound or on the basis of a history of cholecystectomy because of gallstone disease. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for gallstone disease, and the Chi-square test was used to analyze differences in the incidence of metabolic disorders between subjects with and without gallstone disease. RESULTS： A total of 3573 people were included, 10.7% （384/3573） of whom had gallstone diseases. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the incidence of gallstone disease in subjects aged 40-64 or ≥65 years was significantly different from that in those aged 18-39 years （P 〈 0.05）; the incidence was higher in women than in men （P 〈 0.05）. In men,a high level of fasting plasma glucose was obvious in gallstone disease （P 〈 0.05）, and in women, hypertriglyceridemia or obesity were significant in gallstone disease （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： We assume that age and sex are profoundly associated with the incidence of gallstone disease; the metabolic risk factors for gallstone disease were different between men and women.

关键词： Gallstone disease Metabolic disorder Riskfactor Sex Age

The molecular control of meiotic double-strand break (DSB) formation and its significance in human infertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第6期23卷 555-561页

作者： Yang Li Yu-Fan Wu Han-Wei Jiang Ranjha Khan Qi-Qi Han Furhan Iqbal Xiao-Hua Jiang Qing-Hua Shi division of Reproduction and Genetics First Affiliated Hospital of USTCHefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscalethe CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseSchool of Basic Medical SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and DevelopmentUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Institute of Pure and Applied biology Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60000Pakistan

Meiosis is an essential step in gametogenesis which is the key process in sexually reproducing organisms as meiotic aberrations may result in infertility. In meiosis, programmed DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation is one of the fundamental processes that are essential for maintaining homolog interactions and correcting segregation of chromosomes. Although the number and distribution of meiotic DSBs are tightly regulated, still abnormalities in DSB formation are known to cause meiotic arrest and infertility. This review is a detailed account of molecular bases of meiotic DSB formation, its evolutionary conservation, and variations in different species. We further reviewed the mutations of DSB formation genes in association with human infertility and also proposed the future directions and strategies about the study of meiotic DSB formation.

关键词： DNA double-strand break(DSB) infertility meiosis mutation

Deciphering Brain Complexity Using Single-cell Sequencing

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2019年第4期17卷 344-366页

作者： Quanhua Mu Yiyun Chen Jiguang Wang Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Division of Life Science Center for Systems Biology and Human Health and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

The human brain contains billions of highly differentiated and interconnected cells that form intricate neural networks and collectively control the physical activities and high-level cognitive functions,such as memory,decision-making,and social *** data is required to decipher the complexity of cell types,as well as connectivity and functions of the *** newly developed single-cell sequencing technology,which provides a comprehensive landscape of brain cell type diversity by profiling the transcriptome,genome,and/or epigenome of individual cells,has contributed substantially to revealing the complexity and dynamics of the brain and providing new insights into brain development and brain-related *** this review,we first introduce the progresses in both experimental and computational methods of single-cell sequencing *** of single-cell sequencing-based technologies in brain research,including cell type classification,brain development,and brain disease mechanisms,are then elucidated by representative ***,we provided our perspectives into the challenges and future developments in the field of single-cell *** summary,this mini review aims to provide an overview of how big data generated from single-cell sequencing have empowered the advancements in neuroscience and shed light on the complex problems in understanding brain functions and diseases.

关键词： Neuroscience Single-cell RNA-seq Cell type Brain development Brain diseases