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Development and validation of a novel non-invasive test for diagnosing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 413-421页

作者： Zhe-Wen Qin Qian-Nan Ren Hong-Xi Zhang Ya-Ru Liu Ke Huang Wei Wu Guan-Ping Dong Yan Ni Jun-Fen Fu division of endocrinology National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNational Children’s Regional Medical CenterThe Children’s HospitalDepartment of EndocrinologyNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNational Children’s Regional Medical CenterThe Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310052China

With the exploding prevalence of obesity,many children are at risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver *** anthropometric and laboratory parameters,our study aimed to develop a model to quantitatively evaluate liver fat content(LFC)in children with *** A well-characterized cohort of 181 children between 5 and 16 years of age were recruited to the study in the endocrinology Department as the derivation *** external validation cohort comprised 77 *** assessment of liver fat content was performed using proton magnetic resonance *** and laboratory metrics were measured in all subjects.B-ultrasound examination was carried out in the external validation *** Kruskal-Wallis test,Spearman bivariate correlation analyses,univariable linear regressions and multivariable linear regression were used to build the optimal predictive *** The model was based on indicators including alanine aminotransferase,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance,triglycerides,waist circumference and Tanner *** adjusted R^(2)of the model was 0.589,which presented high sensitivity and specificity both in internal[sensitivity of 0.824,specificity of 0.900,area under curve(AUC)of 0.900 with a 95%confidence interval:0.783–1.000]and external validation(sensitivity of 0.918 and specificity of 0.821,AUC of 0.901 with a 95%confidence interval:0.818–0.984).Conclusions Our model based on five clinical indicators was simple,non-invasive,and inexpensive;it had high sensitivity and specificity in predicting LFC in ***,it may be useful for identifying children with obesity who are at risk for developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

关键词： Biochemical markers Children Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Pediatric obesity

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Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as a possible intervention to delay the onset of type 1 diabetes:A new horizon

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 133-136页

作者： Mahmoud Nassar Ajay Chaudhuri Husam Ghanim Paresh Dandona Department of Internal Medicine Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes and MetabolismJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of BuffaloBuffaloNY 14221United States

Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is a chronic autoimmune condition that destroys insulinproducing beta cells in the pancreas,leading to insulin deficiency and *** management of T1D primarily focuses on exogenous insulin replacement to control blood glucose ***,this approach does not address the underlying autoimmune process or prevent the progressive loss of beta *** research has explored the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)as a novel intervention to modify the disease course and delay the onset of ***-1RAs are medications initially developed for treating type 2 *** exert their effects by enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion,suppressing glucagon secretion,and slowing gastric *** evidence suggests that GLP-1RAs may also benefit the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with *** article aims to highlight the potential of GLP-1RAs as an intervention to delay the onset of T1D,possibly through their potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and preservation of *** article aims to explore the potential of shifting the paradigm of T1D management from reactive insulin replacement to proactive disease modification,which should open new avenues for preventing and treating T1D,improving the quality of life and long-term outcomes for individuals at risk of T1D.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Semaglutide Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Insulin therapy Autoimmune response Blood glucose monitoring Β-cell preservation Early screening Teplizumab Randomized controlled trials

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Application of non-mydriatic fundus photography-assisted telemedicine in diabetic retinopathy screening

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 251-259页

作者： Wan Zhou Xiao-Jing Yuan Jie Li Wei Wang Hao-Qiang Zhang Yuan-Yuan Hu Shan-Dong Ye Department of endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina Department of endocrinology Anhui Provincial HospitalAffiliated to Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Early screening and accurate staging of diabetic retinopathy(DR)can reduce blindness risk in type 2 diabetes ***’s complex pathogenesis involves many factors,making ophthalmologist screening alone insufficient for prevention and ***,endocrinologists are the first to see diabetic patients and thus should screen for retinopathy for early *** To explore the efficacy of non-mydriatic fundus photography(NMFP)-enhanced telemedicine in assessing DR and its various *** This retrospective study incorporated findings from an analysis of 93 diabetic patients,examining both NMFP-assisted telemedicine and fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA).It focused on assessing the concordance in DR detection between these two ***,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were generated to determine the optimal sensitivity and specificity of NMFP-assisted telemedicine,using FFA outcomes as the standard *** In the context of DR diagnosis and staging,the kappa coefficients for NMFPassisted telemedicine and FFA were recorded at 0.775 and 0.689 respectively,indicating substantial intermethod ***,the NMFP-assisted telemedicine’s predictive accuracy for positive FFA outcomes,as denoted by the area under the ROC curve,was remarkably high at 0.955,within a confidence interval of 0.914 to 0.995 and a statistically significant P-value of less than *** predictive model exhibited a specificity of 100%,a sensitivity of 90.9%,and a Youden index of *** NMFP-assisted telemedicine represents a pragmatic,objective,and precise modality for fundus examination,particularly applicable in the context of endocrinology inpatient care and primary healthcare settings for diabetic *** implementation in these scenarios is of paramount significance,enhancing the clinical accuracy in the diagnosis and therapeutic management of *** methodology not only streamlines patient evaluation

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic retinopathy Non-mydriatic fundus photography-assisted telemedicine Fundus fluorescein angiography

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Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid Cancer: A Unique Entity

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第5期14卷 107-114页

作者： Ashima Mittal Christina Dimech Farhad Hasan Gayatri Jaiswal division of endocrinology Allegheny Health Network Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA

Sclerosing mucoepidermoid thyroid cancer (SMECE) is a rare entity with less than 100 cases reported in the literature. Previously considered to have an indolent course, however, recent evidence has reported an aggressive nature ranging from local invasion to distant metastasis. We present a 66-year-old Caucasian female with SMECE who initially presented neck compressive symptoms. A thyroid ultrasound (US) revealed a solid hypoechoic mass replacing the left thyroid lobe. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the nodule resulted in suspicion of Papillary Thyroid Cancer, Bethesda category 5. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy and surgical pathology showed SMECE. Post-therapy whole-body scan following treatment with 150 mCi I-131 showed no residual or metastatic disease. SMECE is more common in females, between the third to eighth decade of life. Preoperative diagnosis may not be accurate given variable cytopathologic features. Differential diagnoses include primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid, squamous differentiation of other thyroid malignancies, anaplastic thyroid cancer and nodular sclerosing variety of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Due to its rarity, treatment of SMECE has ranged from thyroid surgery without or with radioactive iodine therapy, to surgery and external beam radiation and even chemotherapy.

关键词： Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid Cancer Papillary Thyroid Cancer Thyroid Cancer

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Ethanol-assisted synthesis of a Ni single-atom catalyst with poriferous 3D framework for efficient cascade CO2 electroreduction

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4612-4619页

作者： Feng Wu Shi-Qi Wang Sebastian Kunze Xiao-Ping Gao Pei-Qun Yin Yu-En Wu division of Life Sciences and Medicine Department of Endocrinology School of Chemistry and Materials Science The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry Seoul National University School of Biomedical Engineering Anhui Medical University

The electroreduction of carbon dioxide to generate multicarbon products is significant for achieving a carbon-neutral economy. However, the selectivity for multi-carbon products faces several challenges, such as the intricate nature of the multistep hydrogenation processes, slow reaction kinetics and the bicarbonate precipitate issue caused by alkaline conditions. These factors hinder the extensive utilization of this reaction. Herein, we successfully developed and implemented a tandem electrolyzer cascade to separate and optimize the complex elementary reactions involved in the process of multi-carbon production. This approach enables us to enhance the Faradaic efficiency (FE) of each step, consequently improving the overall performance of the system. An ethanol-assisted ionic-exchange method was utilized to synthesize a Ni

关键词： ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION CARBON-DIOXIDE ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS OXYGEN REDUCTION ENERGY HYDROCARBONS COORDINATION CHALLENGES HYDROGEN ETHYLENE

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A comprehensive review of genetic causes of obesity

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 26-39页

作者： Marcio Jose Concepcion-Zavaleta Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave Maria del Carmen Durand-Vasquez Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio Juan del Carmen Valencia de la Cruz Claudia Mercedes Barrueto-Callirgos Susan Luciana Puelles-Leon Elena de Jesus Alvarado-Leon Frans Leiva-Cabrera Francisca Elena Zavaleta-Gutierrez Luis Alberto Concepcion-Urteaga Jose Paz-Ibarra Universidad Cientifica del Sur Bolivar 2150 AvenuePueblo Libre15084LimaPeru division of Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepénChepenPeru division of Family Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepénChepenPeru division of endocrinology Hospital Victor Lazarte EchegarayTrujilloPeru division of Pediatrics Hospital de Apoyo ChepenChepenPeru division of Internal Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepenChepenPeru division of Genetics Universidad Nacional de TrujilloTrujilloPeru division of Neonatology Hospital Belen de TrujilloTrujilloPeru division of Internal Medicine Universidad Nacional de TrujilloTrujilloPeru Department of Medicine School of MedicineUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLimaPeru

Background Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease with a high,increasing worldwide *** causes account for 7%of the cases in children with extreme *** sources This narrative review was conducted by searching for papers published in the PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase and SciELO databases and included 161 *** search used the following search terms:"obesity","obesity and genetics","leptin","Prader-Willi syndrome",and"melanocortins".The types of studies included were systematic reviews,clinical trials,prospective cohort studies,cross-sectional and prospective studies,narrative reviews,and case *** The leptin-melanocortin pathway is primarily responsible for the regulation of appetite and body ***,several important aspects of the pathophysiology of obesity remain *** causes of obesity can be grouped into syndromic,monogenic,and polygenic causes and should be assessed in children with extreme obesity before the age of 5 years,hyperphagia,or a family history of extreme obesity.A microarray study,an analysis of the melanocortin type 4 receptor gene mutations and leptin levels should be performed for this *** are three therapeutic levels:lifestyle modifications,pharmacological treatment,and bariatric *** Genetic study technologies are in constant development;however,we are still far from having a personalized approach to genetic causes of obesity.A significant proportion of the affected individuals are associated with genetic causes;however,there are still barriers to its approach,as it continues to be underdiagnosed.

关键词： Leptin Melanocortin Obesity Prader-Willi syndrome Precision medicine

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The Role of Adipose Tissue-derived Exosomes in Chronic Metabolic Disorders

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Current Medical Science 2024年第3期44卷 463-474页

作者： Rui HE Yong CHEN division of endocrinology Department of Internal MedicineTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Laboratory of endocrinology & Metabolism Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging of the Ministry of EducationTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases Wuhan430030China

Excessive fat deposition in obese subjects promotes the occurrence of metabolic diseases,such as type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),cardiovascular diseases,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Adipose tissue is not only the main form of energy storage but also an endocrine organ that not only secretes adipocytokines but also releases many extracellular vesicles(EVs)that play a role in the regulation of whole-body *** are a subtype of EVs,and accumulating evidence indicates that adipose tissue exosomes(AT Exos)mediate crosstalk between adipose tissue and multiple organs by being transferred to targeted cells or tissues through paracrine or endocrine ***,the roles of AT Exos in crosstalk with metabolic organs remain to be fully *** this review,we summarize the latest research progress on the role of AT Exos in the regulation of metabolic ***,we discuss the potential role of AT Exos as biomarkers in metabolic diseases and their clinical application.

关键词： exosome adipose tissue obesity diabetes chronic metabolic disorder miRNA

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Serum bile acid and unsaturated fatty acid profiles of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetic patients

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 898-913页

作者： Su-Su Feng Si-Jing Wang Lin Guo Pan-Pan Ma Xiao-Long Ye Ming-Lin Pan Bo Hang Jian-Hua Mao Antoine M Snijders Yi-Bing Lu Da-Fa Ding Department of endocrinology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Biological Systems and Engineering division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720United States

BACKGROUND The understanding of bile acid(BA)and unsaturated fatty acid(UFA)profiles,as well as their dysregulation,remains elusive in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)coexisting with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Investigating these metabolites could offer valuable insights into the pathophy-siology of NAFLD in *** To identify potential metabolite biomarkers capable of distinguishing between NAFLD and *** A training model was developed involving 399 participants,comprising 113 healthy controls(HCs),134 individuals with T2DM without NAFLD,and 152 individuals with T2DM and *** validation encompassed 172 *** patients were divided based on liver fibrosis *** analytical approach employed univariate testing,orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,logistic regression,receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,and decision curve analysis to pinpoint and assess the diagnostic value of serum *** Compared to HCs,both T2DM and NAFLD groups exhibited diminished levels of specific *** UFAs,particular acids exhibited a positive correlation with NAFLD risk in T2DM,while theω-6:ω-3 UFA ratio demonstrated a negative *** ofα-linolenic acid andγ-linolenic acid were linked to significant liver fibrosis in *** validation cohort substantiated the predictive efficacy of these biomarkers for assessing NAFLD risk in T2DM *** This study underscores the connection between altered BA and UFA profiles and the presence of NAFLD in individuals with T2DM,proposing their potential as biomarkers in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

关键词： Bile acid Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Type 2 diabetes mellitus Unsaturated fatty acid

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Direct detection of C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansions by nanopore biosensor

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 351-354页

作者： Xinqiong Li Guocheng Rao Xi Peng Chan Yang Yanjing Zhang Yan Tian Xianghui Fu Jia Geng State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengdu 610041China division of endocrinology and Metabolism West China School of Medicine/West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of endocrinology and Metabolism Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNorth Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong 637000China division of endocrinology and Metabolism National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengdu 610041China Department of Laboratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyMed-X Center for ManufacturingWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengdu 610041China Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory City of Future MedicineChengdu 641400China

Diagnostic C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansions(C9-HRE)is essential for the early and accurate diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and will provide support for the prognosis and gene therapy of *** the present study,by combining catalytic hairpin assembly(CHA)with Mycobacterium smegmatis porin A(MspA)nanopore,a new nanopore-based strategy for the detection of C9-HRE was *** than 30 repeats of C9-HRE could be detected via this method,and the results have the potential to help distinguish between patients and healthy ***,the method demonstrated its great specificity for C9-HRE by identifying other repeat *** the high selectivity,this approach had been successfully used to detect C9-HRE in cell and blood samples with high *** detection strategy is user-friendly and has a strong anti-interference ability,thus providing a powerful tool for clinical diagnosis.

关键词： MspA nanopore C9orf72 HRE Detection Biosensor Catalytic hairpin assembly

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Association between glucose levels of children with type 1 diabetes and parental economic status in mobile health application

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1477-1488页

作者： Wen-Hao Zhang Chao-Fan Wang Hao Wang Jie Tang Hong-Qiang Zhang Jiang-Yu Zhu Xue-Ying Zheng Si-Hui Luo Yu Ding Department of endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of ChinaDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina Department of endocrinology and Metabolism The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of DiabetologyGuangzhou 510000Guangdong ProvinceChina Graduate School Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233000Anhui ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The glycemic control of children with type 1 diabetes(T1D)may be influenced by the economic status of their *** To investigate the association between parental economic status and blood glucose levels of children with T1D using a mobile health *** Data from children with T1D in China's largest T1D online community,Tang-TangQuan■.Blood glucose levels were uploaded every three months and parental economic status was evaluated based on annual household *** were divided into three groups:Low-income(100000 yuan)(1 Yuan=0.145 United States Dollar approximately).Blood glucose levels were compared among the groups and associations were explored using Spearman’s correlation analysis and multivariable logistic *** From September 2015 to August 2022,1406 eligible children with T1D were included(779 female,55.4%).Median age was 8.1 years(Q1-Q3:4.6-11.6)and duration of T1D was 0.06 years(0.02-0.44).Participants were divided into three groups:Low-income(n=320),middle-income(n=724),and high-income(n=362).Baseline hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)levels were comparable among the three groups(P=0.072).However,at month 36,the low-income group had the highest HbA1c levels(P=0.036).Within three years after registration,glucose levels increased significantly in the low-income group but not in the middle-income and high-income *** economic status was negatively correlated with pre-dinner glucose(r=-0.272,P=0.012).After adjustment for confounders,parental economic status remained a significant factor related to pre-dinner glucose levels(odds ratio=13.02,95%CI:1.99 to 126.05,P=0.002).CONCLUSION The blood glucose levels of children with T1D were negatively associated with parental economic *** is suggested that parental economic status should be taken into consideration in the management of T1D for children.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Children and adolescents Glycemic control Economic status Mobile health application

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