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Nano-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors with laser speckle angular measurement

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light(Science & Applications) 2021年第10期10卷 1915-1927页

作者： Hongchang Wang Simone Moriconi Kawal Sawhney diamond light source ltd Harwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcot OX110DEUK Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PJUK

X-ray mirrors are widely used for synchrotron radiation,free-electron lasers,and astronomical *** short wavelength and grazing incidence impose strict limits on the permissible slope *** polishing techniques have already produced mirrors with slope errors below 50 nrad root mean square(rms),but existing metrology techniques struggle to measure ***,we describe a laser speckle angular measurement(SAM)approach to overcome such *** also demonstrate that the angular precision of slope error measurements can be pushed down to 20nrad rms by utilizing an advanced sub-pixel tracking ***,SAM allows the measurement of mirrors in two dimensions with radii of curvature as low as a few hundred ***,the instrument based on SAM is compact,low-cost,and easy to integrate with most other existing X-ray mirror metrology instruments,such as the long trace profiler(LTP)and nanometer optical metrology(NOM).The proposed nanometrology method represents an important milestone and potentially opens up new possibilities to develop next-generation super-polished X-ray mirrors,which will advance the development of X-ray nanoprobes,coherence preservation,and astronomical physics.

关键词： millimeter metrology speckle

Acceptor doping and actuation mechanisms in Sr-doped BiFeO_(3)-BaTiO_(3)ceramics

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第1期10卷 57-69页

作者： Ziqi Yang Yizhe Li Bing Wang Juncheng Pan Annette K.Kleppe David A.Hall Department of Materials University of ManchesterM139PLManchesterUK diamond light source ltd. Harwell Science and Innovation CampusOX110DEDidcotUK

BiFeO_(3)-BaTiO_(3)(BF-BT)ceramics are important multiferroic materials,which are attracting significant attention for potential applications in high temperature lead-free piezoelectric *** the present study,the effects of Sr^(2+)as an acceptor dopant for Bi^(3+),in the range from 0 to 1.0%(in mole),on the structure and ferroelectric/piezoelectric properties of 0.7BiFeO_(3)-0.3BaTiO_(3)ceramics were *** use of a post-sintering Ar annealing process was found to be an effective approach to reduce electrical conductivity induced by the presence of electron holes associated with reoxidation during cooling.A low Sr dopant concentration(0.3%,in mole)yielded enhanced ferroelectric(P_(max)∼0.37 C/m^(2),P_(r)∼0.30 C/m^(2))and piezoelectric(d_(33)∼178 pC/N,k_(p)∼0.27)properties,whereas higher levels led to chemically heterogeneous core-shell structures and secondary phases with an associated decline in *** electric field-induced strain of the Sr-doped BF-BT ceramics was investigated using a combination of digital image correlation macroscopic strain measurements and in-situ synchrotron X-ray *** of the intrinsic(lattice strain)and extrinsic(domain switching)contributions to the electric field induced strain indicated that the intrinsic contribution dominated during the poling process.

关键词： Bismuth ferrite-barium titanate Acceptor doping Electroceramics Piezoelectricity In-situ X-ray diffraction

CD44 and CD221 directed magnetic cubosomes for the targeted delivery of helenalin to rhabdomyosarcoma cells

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Nano Research 2023年第2期16卷 2915-2926页

作者： Hakmin Mun Yuriy Chaban Tanveer A.Tabish Nanasaheb Thorat Nathan Cowieson CDavid Owen Helen E.Townley Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive health University of OxfordOxford OX39DUUK Electron Bio-Imaging Centre Diamond Light SourceDidcot OX110DEUK Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of OxfordOxford OX37BNUK B21 Diamond Light SourceDidcot OX110DEUK Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxford OX13PJUK

Confining chemotherapy to tumour sites by means of active targeting nanoparticles(NPs)may increase the treatment effectuality while reducing potential side *** are one of the next-generation drug delivery nanocarriers by virtue of their biocompatibility and bioadhesion,sizeable payload encapsulation and high ***,an active tumour targeting system towards rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS)cells was *** were loaded with helenalin(a secondary metabolite from Arnica plants),which we have previously shown to induce apoptosis in RMS *** functionalization of the cubosomes was accomplished to enable binding to membrane receptors and translocation under a magnetic *** cells overexpress CD44 and CD221 on their membrane surface and,therefore,hyaluronic acid(HA,a ligand for CD44)and antibodies(Abs)against CD221 were coupled to cubosomes via electrostatic attraction and the thiol-Michael reaction,*** of the cubic phase NPs was achieved by embedding superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs(SPIONPs)into the cubic ***-function and multi-function cubosomes had Im3m cubic phase structures with well-organized lattice *** with 2%HA or anti-CD221 half Abs and/or 1%SPIONPs showed significantly higher uptake into RMS cells compared to unfunctionalized ***44 and CD221 directed magnetic(triple-function)cubosomes were capable of internalizing into RMS cells in an energy-independent ***-laden triple functionalized cubosomes showed limited impact on the viability of control fibroblast cells,while they induced a high degree cytotoxicity against RMS *** tumour cell death was observed in both two-dimensional(2D)culture and three-dimensional(3D)tumour spheroids.

关键词： cubosome active targeting rhabdomyosarcoma helenalin nanoparticle functionalization

A Superconducting Magnet with Center Field of 10 T and φ100 mm Warm Bore

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电工电能新技术 2006年第4期25卷 8-14,80页

作者： Q.Wang L.Yan B.Zhao S.Song Y.Dai Y.Lei H.Wang H.-C.Huang Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China diamond light source Ltd.Diamond House Chilton Didcot OXONOX11 0DEUK

Aconduction-cooled superconducting magnet with central field of 10Tand warmbore of 100 mmwas designed based on a Nb3Sn and two NbTi superconducting *** the first stage,the NbTi coils havebeen fabricated ***-stage 4 KGifford-McMahon(GM) cryocooler withthe second-stage powerin1W,4.2Kis used to cool the magnet fromroomtemperature to 4 *** superconducting magnet with thesame power supply has the operating current of *** magnet can be rotated with a support frame to beoperated with either horizontal or vertical *** of Bi-2223 hightemperature superconductingcurrentleads was employedto reduce heat leakage into *** NbTi coils reachto the operating current of120Awithout training effect to be observed duringchargingof the magnet during40 minutes chargingtime andgenerate the center field of *** training effect inthe NbTi magnet directly cool-down by cryocooler andinter-winding support structure in magnet can be *** superconducting magnet has beenstably operatedfor more than 275 hours with *** this paper,the detailed design,fabrication,stressanalysis and quench protection characteristics are presented.

关键词： conduction-cooled superconducting magnet FEAdetailed model training effect

Versatile domain mapping of scanning electron nanobeam diffraction datasets utilising variational autoencoders

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2213-2230页

作者： A.Bridger W.I.F.David T.J.Wood M.Danaie K.T.Butler Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of OxfordOxford OX13QRUK ISIS Neutron and Muon Spallation source STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryOxfordshire OX110QXUK Electron Physical Science Imaging Centre Diamond Light Source Ltd.DidcotUK School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondon E14NSUK

Characterisation of structure across the nanometre scale is key to bridging the gap between the local atomic environment and macro-scale and can be achieved by means of scanning electron nanobeam diffraction(SEND).As a technique,SEND allows for a broad range of samples,due to being relatively tolerant of specimen thickness with low electron ***,coupled with the capacity for automation of data collection over wide areas,allows for statistically representative probing of the *** paper outlines a versatile,data-driven approach for producing domain maps,and a statistical approach for assessing their *** workflow utilises a Variational AutoEncoder to identify the sources of variance in the diffraction signal,and this,in combination with clustering techniques,is used to produce domain *** approach is agnostic to domain crystallinity,requires no prior knowledge of crystal structure,and does not require simulation of a library of expected diffraction patterns.

关键词： mapping beam dosage

Cascade adsorptive separation of light hydrocarbons by commercial zeolites

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第9期31卷 299-305,I0009页

作者： Shanshan Liu Yinlin Chen Bin Yue Yuanxin Nie Yuchao Chai Guangjun Wu Jiangnan Li Xue Han Sarah JDay Stephen PThompson Naijia Guan Sihai Yang Landong Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Department of Chemistry The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom diamond light source Harwell Science CampusOxfordshire OX110DEUnited Kingdom Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China

Adsorptive separation of light hydrocarbons by porous solids provides an energy-efficient alternative to state-of-the-art cryogenic ***,an optimal balance between the cost,performance and stability of the sorbent material is yet to be achieved for industrial ***,we report the efficient separation of C2 and C3 hydrocarbons by a faujasite zeolite(Na-X,Si/Al=1.23).A tandem configuration of two fixed-beds packed with Na-X affords complete dynamic separation of the ternary mixture of C_(2)H_(2)/C_(2)H_(4)/C_(2)H_(6)(1/49.5/49.5;v/v/v)under ambient ***-swing desorption on the latter fixed-bed gives ethylene(>99.50%,1.80 mmol g^(-1))and ethane(>99.99%,1.41 mmol g^(-1)).In situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction revealed the binding sites for C_(2)H_(2)and C_(2)H_(4)in *** study highlights the potential application of commercial zeolites for challenging industrial separations.

关键词： Zeolites C2 hydrocarbons Ethylene Adsorptive separation

Visualizing virus infection in cells

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Visualizing virus infection in cells

Spatially resolved chiroptical study of thin films of benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene-based oligothiophenes by synchrotron radiation electronic circular dichroism imaging(SR-ECDi)technique

第七届全国冷冻电子显微学与结构生物学专题研讨会

作者：章佩君 Electron Bio-Imaging Centre Diamond Light SourceUniversity of Oxford

＜正＞With cryoEM,structures of purified proteins and protein complexes are routinely determined to atomic or near-atomic resolution using single particle analysis （SPA）.Structures of macromolecular assemblies that are intrinsically flexible and dynamic,and often function in higher-order assemblies that are heterogeneous,have recently been analyzed to near near- atomic resolution using cryoET and sub-tomogram averaging （STA）.The study of native complexes in cells using cryoET STA,

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Aggregate 2022年第5期3卷 217-226页

作者： Gianluigi Albano Marcin Gorecki Tamas Javorfi Rohanah Hussain Giuliano Siligardi Gennaro Pescitelli Lorenzo Di Bari Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale Universitàdi PisaPisaItaly Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland diamond light source Ltd.ChiltonUK Dipartimento di Chimica Universita degli Studi di Bari‘Aldo Moro’via Edoardo Orabona 4Bari 70126Italy

The study of the chiroptical properties of thin-film samples of two chiral benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene-based oligothiophenes with optoelectronic properties was carried out at diamond B23 beamline using the synchrotron radiation electronic circular dichroism imaging(SR-ECDi)*** experimental results support the hypothesis that the non-reciprocal circularly polarized absorption observed in these materials is due to the combined linear dichroism and linear birefringence *** mapping at 50-μM spatial resolution revealed that several species coexist in the mesoscopic chiral domains likely due to different aggregated phases,which were identified in the films by SR-ECDi but could not be detected with benchtop ECD instruments.

关键词： benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene circular dichroism imaging oligothiophenes synchrotron radiation thin films

Microwave-Assisted Confining Growth and Liquid Exfoliation of sp^(3)-Hybrid Carbon Nitride Nano/Micro-Crystals

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 399-408页

作者： Chenglong Shen Qing Lou Kaikai Liu Guangsong Zheng Runwei Song Jinhao Zang Xigui Yang Xing Li Lin Dong Chongxin Shan Henan Key Laboratory of diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan LightZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

As one promising carbon-based material,sp^(3)-hybrid carbon nitride has been predicted with various novel physicochemical ***,the synthesis of sp^(3)-hybrid carbon nitride is still limited by the nanaoscale,low crystallinity,complex source,and expensive ***,we have presented a facile approach to the sp^(3)-hybrid carbon nitride nano/micro-crystals with microwave-assisted confining growth and liquid ***,the carbon nitride nano/micro-crystals can spontaneously emerge and grow in the microwave-assisted polymerization of citric acid and urea,and the liquid exfoliation can break the bulk disorder polymer to retrieve the highly crystalline carbon nitride nano/*** obtained carbon nitride nano/micro-crystals present superior blue light absorption strength and surprising photoluminescence quantum yields of 57.96% in ethanol and 18.05%in solid *** experimental characterizations and density functional theory calculations reveal that the interface-trapped localized exciton may contribute to the excellent intrinsic light emission capability of carbon nitride nano/micro-crystals and the interparticle staggered stacking will prevent the aggregation-caused-quenching ***,the carbon nitride nano/micro-crystals are demonstrated to be potentially useful as the phosphor medium in light-emitting-diode for interrupting blue light-induced eye *** work paves new light on the synthesis strategy of sp^(3)-hybrid carbon nitride materials and thus may push forward the development of multiple carbon nitride research.

关键词： confining growth density functional theory liquid exfoliation luminescence sp^(3)-hybrid carbon nitride