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Direct microwave leaching conditions of rare earth elements in fluorescent wastes

Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1165-1174,I0007页

作者： A.Bilen B.Birol M.N.Saridede S.S.Kaplan M.S.Sonmez Department of metallurgical and materials engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Chemical engineering and materials Science Stevens Institute of TechnologyNew JereyUSA Department of metallurgical and materials engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The luminescent phosphor powder in the fluorescent lamp constitutes 2%of the lamp’s *** can be mentioned that fluorescent wastes are a crucial raw material to produce rare earth *** the present study,microwave leaching process was conducted to dissolve rare earth elements yttrium(Y),europium(Eu),and remaining rare earth elements(REEs)present in the phosphor powder of the fluorescent *** the yields were *** the microwave leaching process,the effects of the temperature(80-160℃),acid type(hydrochloric acid(HCl),nitric acid(HNO_(3)),sulphuric acid(H_(2)SO_(4))),acid concentration(0.5-6 mol/L),solid to liquid ratio(0.1:10-0.5:10)and reaction time(5-90 min)parameters on leaching efficiencies of varying rare earth elements and calcium were *** highest yield was obtained in the direct microwave leaching of fluorescent waste with the experimental conditions of 6 mol/L HCl,160℃,0.1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio(S:L),and 90 *** energy calculations were made,and kinetic models of the reactions were obtained,and it is observed that Y and Eu dissolution is diffusion-controlled,on the other hand,lanthanum(La),cerium(Ce),and terbium(Tb)were examined to be chemical reaction ***,calcium(Ca)and gadolinium(Gd)seem coherent with the mixed ***,mathematical models of all experimental studies are created with the response surface Box-Behnken method and the correlation coefficients of all the models are over 90%.

关键词： Rare earth elements(REEs) Direct microwave leaching Fluorescent waste Kinetic models Response surface method

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Enhanced in-vitro degradation resistance and cytocompatibility of a thermomechanically processed novel Mg alloy:Insights into the role of microstructural attributes

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 700-725页

作者： Darothi Bairagi Santanu Mandal Mangal Roy Manas Paliwal Sumantra Mandal Department of metallurgical and materials engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

The role of microstructural features on in-vitro degradation and surface film development of a thermomechanically processed Mg-4Zn-0.5Ca-0.8Mn alloy has been investigated employing electrochemical studies,scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron *** specimen forged at 523 K temperature developed a coarse unimodal microstructure consisting of basal oriented grains,whereas the specimens forged at 623 K and 723 K temperatures exhibited bimodal microstructures containing randomly oriented fine grains and basal oriented coarse *** bimodal microstructures exerted higher resistance to corrosion compared to the unimodal microstructure in presence of a protective surface *** optimum size distribution of fine and coarse grains as well as the prevalence of basal oriented grains led to the lowest anodic current density in the specimen forged at 623 *** morphology of Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3)precipitates governed the cathodic kinetics by controlling the anode to cathode surface area *** the specimen forged at 723 K comprised comparatively lower fraction of precipitates than at 623 K,the mesh-like precipitate morphology increased the effective cathodic surface area,leading to enhanced localised corrosion in the former *** microstructural features developed at 623 K forging temperature formed a well-protective surface film with lower Mg(OH)_(2)to MgO ratio,exhibiting distinctly high polarization resistance and superior cytocompatibility in terms of cell-proliferation and cell-differentiation.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Microstructure Corrosion Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Cytotoxicity

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MgO-attached graphene nanosheet(MgO@GNS)reinforced magnesium matrix nanocomposite with superior mechanical,corrosion and biological performance

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2024年第9期31卷 2062-2076页

作者： S.Abazari A.Shamsipur H.R.Bakhsheshi-Rad M.S.Soheilirad F.Khorashadizade S.S.Mirhosseini Department of materials and metallurgical engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehran ***Iran Iranian National Standards Organization of Hormozgan HormozganIran Advanced materials Research Center Department of Materials EngineeringNajafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabadIran Department of materials and metallurgical engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are gaining great consideration as body implant materials due to their high biodegradability and ***,they suffer from low corrosion resistance and antibacterial *** this research,semi-powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion was utilized to produce the magnesium oxide@graphene nanosheets/magnesium(MgO@GNS/Mg)composite to improve mechanical,corrosion and cytocompatibility *** have revealed that the incorporation of MgO@GNS nanohybrids into Mg-based composite enhanced microhardness and compressive *** vitro,osteoblast cell culture tests show that using MgO@GNS nanohybrid fillers enhances osteoblast adhesion and apatite *** presence of MgO@GNS nanoparticles in the composites decreased the opening defects,micro-cracks and micro-pores of the composites thus preventing the penetration of the corrosive solution into the *** demonstrated that the MgO@GNS/Mg composite possesses excellent antibacterial properties because of the combination of the release of MgO and physical damage to bacterium membranes caused by the sharp edges of graphene nanosheets that can effectively damage the cell wall thereby facilitating penetration into the bacterial lipid ***,the MgO@GNS/Mg composite with high mechanical strength,antibacterial activity and corrosion resistance is considered to be a promising material for load-bearing implant applications.

关键词： metal matrix composites MgO@GNS nanohybrid strengthening mechanisms antibacterial activity biocompatibility

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Improvement strategy on thermophysical properties of A_(2)B_(2)O_(7)-type rare earth zirconates for thermal barrier coatings applications:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2024年第5期31卷 1147-1165页

作者： Zijian Peng Yuhao Wang Shuqi Wang Junteng Yao Qingyuan Zhao Enyu Xie Guoliang Chen Zhigang Wang Zhanguo Liu Yaming Wang Jiahu Ouyang School of materials Science and engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of materials and metallurgical engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science&TechnologyBaotou 014010China

The A_(2)B_(2)O_(7)-type rare earth zirconate compounds have been considered as promising candidates for thermal barrier coating(TBC) materials because of their low sintering rate,improved phase stability,and reduced thermal conductivity in contrast with the currently used yttria-partially stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in high operating temperature *** review summarizes the recent progress on rare earth zirconates for TBCs that insulate high-temperature gas from hot-section components in gas *** on the first principles,molecular dynamics,and new data-driven calculation approaches,doping and high-entropy strategies have now been adopted in advanced TBC materials *** this paper,the solid-state heat transfer mechanism of TBCs is explained from two aspects,including heat conduction over the full operating temperature range and thermal radiation at medium and high *** paper also provides new insights into design considerations of adaptive TBC materials,and the challenges and potential breakthroughs are further highlighted for extreme environmental *** for improving thermophysical performance are proposed in two approaches:defect engineering and material compositing.

关键词： rare earth zirconates thermal barrier coatings defect engineering doping and compositing thermal conductivity thermal expansion

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Synergistic enhancement of photocatalytic and antimicrobial efficacy of nitrogen and erbium co-doped ZnO nanoparticles

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 859-868,I0002页

作者： Sudipta Mondal Moniruzzaman Jamal Sikder Ashikuzzaman Ayon Md Jannatul Ferdous Anik Md Muktadir Billah Department of materials and metallurgical engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhaka1000Bangladesh School of materials engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA Department of materials Science and engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Department of materials Science and engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonI28USA

Using the chemical co-precipitation approach,a series of nitrogen(N) and erbium(Er) co-doped ZnO nanoparticles(NPs) was effectively synthesized to enhance the photocatalytic and antibacterial *** characterization techniques,including X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectro scopy(XPS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),UV-vis,and photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy,were carried out to validate the evaluated photocatalytic and antibacterial *** analysis confirms the pure wurtzite ZnO phase without the presence of any secondary *** analysis confirms the succe ssful incorporation of nitrogen and erbium into the ZnO *** optical bandgap of ZnO calculated from UV-vis spectroscopy shows a redshift after Er-N co-doping,with the lowest bandgap of 3.215 eV calculated for Zn_(0.97)Er_(0.03)N_(0.01)O_(0.99) *** images demonstrate the formation of nanorods after N-Er co-doping,followed by gradually increase d rod diameter and length after N-Er ***,the photocatalytic activities of ZnO samples we re measured by their ability to facilitate the photodegradation of Rhodamine B under UV *** with 1 mol% N doping exhibits 88% photodegradation of RhB under UV light within 360 min,and the photodegradation and antibacterial activity are greatly improved with Er *** fact,3 mol% Er-1 mol% N doped ZnO NPs demonstrate the highest photocatalytic activity,with approximately 96% degradation after 360 min,as well as superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus(Gram-positive bacteria) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(Gram-negative bacteria) with the highest zone of inhibition(ZOI) of 16 nm,due to nanorod formation,increased reactive oxygen species(ROS),and decreased electron-hole recombination,as validated by SEM,XPS,and PL spectroscopy.

关键词： Chemical co-precipitation Co-doping Bandgap Photocatalysis Rare earths Antimicrobial

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Time-dependent effects in transient liquid phase bonding of 304L and Cp-Ti using an Ag-Cu interlayer

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第7期31卷 2237-2255页

作者： Saeed VAZIRIAN Mohammad MOSHKBAR BAKHSHAYESH Ali FARZADI Department of materials and metallurgical engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)Tehran 15916-34311Iran

One of the challenges for bimetal manufacturing is the joining ***,transient liquid phase(TLP)bonding was performed between 304L stainless steel and Cp-Ti using an Ag-Cu interlayer with a thickness of 75μm for bonding time of 20,40,60,and 90 *** bonding temperature of 860℃ was considered,which is under the β transus temperature of *** TLP bonding,various intermetallic compounds(IMCs),including Ti_(5)Cr_(7)Fe_(17),(Cr,Fe)_(2)Ti,Ti(Cu,Fe),Ti_(2)(Cu,Ag),and Ti_(2)Cu from 304L toward Cp-Ti formed in the ***,on the one side,with the increase in time,further diffusion of elements decreases the blocky IMCs such as Ti_(5)Cr_(7)Fe_(17),(Cr,Fe)_(2)Ti,Ti(Cu,Fe)in the 304L diffusion-affected zone(DAZ)and reaction zone,and on the other side,Ti_(2)(Cu,Ag)IMC transformed into fine morphology toward Cp-Ti *** microhardness test also demonstrated that the(Cr,Fe)_(2)Ti+Ti_(5)Cr_(7)Fe_(17) IMCs in the DAZ on the side of 304L have a hardness value of HV 564,making it the hardest *** maximum and minimum shear strength values are equal to 78.84 and 29.0 MPa,*** cleavage pattern dominated fracture surfaces due to the formation of brittle phases in dissimilar joints.

关键词： diffusion brazing transient liquid phase bonding dissimilar material joints microstructural evolution mechanical properties grade 2 titanium

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Synthesis,phase transformation and applications of CeCO_(3)OH:A review

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1403-1420,I0001页

作者： Zhou Zou Weihao Tian Xisong Mao Junqi Li Yuanpei Lan Chaoyi Chen Hong Yong Sohn Junshan Zhang Fengyuan Liu Department of metallurgical engineering College of Materials and MetallurgyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang55025China Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of metallurgical engineering and Process Energy Saving Guiyang550025China Guizhou Provincial University Key Laboratory of High-Performance Battery materials Guiyang550025China Department of materials Science and engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT84112USA

CeCO_(3)OH has a unique crystal structure and excellent optical,electronic and catalytic properties,which has been widely investigated for many ***,ceria obtained from CeCO_(3)OH has a morphology that is similar to that of the precursor,and the CeO_(2)-based products obtained from CeCO_(3)OH exhibit outstanding properties,such as catalytic performances,owing to their designed morphology and oxygen vacancies(OVs).To introduce CeCO_(3)OH into a wider range of potential researchers,we first systematically review the physico-chemical properties,synthesis,reaction and morphology tuning mechanism of CeCO_(3)OH,and summarize the conversion behavior from CeCO_(3)OH to ***,we thoroughly survey the applications of CeCO_(3)OH and its conversion *** for further investigations of CeCO_(3)OH are also made in this *** is hoped that the exhaustive co mpilation of the valuable properties and considerable potential investigations of CeCO_(3)OH will promote further applications of CeCO_(3)OH and CeO_(2)-based functional materials.

关键词： CeCO_(3)OH Morphology tuning CeO_(2) Catalyst Lanthanide compounds Rare earths

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Dielectric size optimization for high power density in large-scale triboelectric nanogenerators

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8455-8464页

作者： Abdulkerim Karabiber Ömer Dirik Feyyaz Koc Faruk Ozel Department of Electrical and Electronics engineering Bingol UniversityBingol 12000Turkey Department of metallurgical and materials engineering Karamanoglu Mehmetbey UniversityKaraman 70200Turkey

Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have emerged as a promising technology to harvest electrical energy from natural motions such as human movement,wind,and water *** TENGs show significant potential in small-scale applications,developing large-scale TENGs capable of generating high power remains a significant *** factors that can affect the performance of large-scale TENGs are being investigated to overcome this challenge,including the size and configuration of dielectric *** study optimizes dielectrics regarding surface area,thickness,and multicell configuration to improve harvested electrical power density in large-scale *** the studies,glass fiber was used as the positive dielectric,and multipurpose white silicone was used as the negative dielectric because of their high tribo-potential,durability,and easy *** the size optimization phase,dielectric thicknesses and surface areas that provide the maximum power density were ***,horizontal and vertical multicell configurations were examined to efficiently integrate size-optimized *** results reveal that large-scale TENGs with vertical multicell configurations can achieve high and usable energy density for *** findings provide valuable insight into the development of large-scale TENGs with advanced power generation capabilities.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator dielectric layer size optimization multi-cell structure high power density

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Microstructural evolution and deformation behavior of friction stir welded twin-induced plasticity steel

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 68-81页

作者： Ke Qiao Kuaishe Wang Jia Wang Zhengyang Hao Yating Xiang Peng Han Jun Cai Qi Yang Wen Wang School of metallurgical engineering National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Functional Materials ProcessingXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Shanghai Research Institute of materials Shanghai 200437China

The weldability of twin-induced plasticity(TWIP)steel with ultra-high strength via friction stir welding(FSW)technique was investigated,and microstructural evolution and deformation behavior of whole and micro-zones of FSW TWIP joint were studied for the first *** results showed that the content of recrystallized grains in the stir zone(SZ)increased from 10.5%of basal material(BM)to 14.2%,and that of heat affected zone(HAZ)increased to 78.6%.The percentage of annealing twins decreased from 26.8%in BM to 11%in SZ,while increased to 35%in *** with the BM,the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the FSW joint increased to 1036 and 550 MPa,respectively,reaching 106.7%and 110.9%of BM,*** elongation of the entire joint was 50.5%,which was lower than that of BM due to the nonuniform deformation during the tensile *** engineering strain was mainly concentrated in BM and SZ and transferred to each other during the tensile test,while the engineering strain in HAZ was always the ***,the tensile fracture occurred in the *** order of ultimate tensile strength of micro-zones in the FSW joint was as follows:HAZ>BM≈*** order of yield strength was as follows:HAZ>BM>SZ.

关键词： Twin-induced plasticity steel Friction stir welding Microstructure Mechanical property Deformation behavior

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Re-delocalization of localized d-electrons in VO_(2)(R)-VS_(4)hetero-structure enables high performance of rechargeable Mg-ion batteries

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1830-1840页

作者： Lijiao Zhou Chao Shen Xueyang Hou Zhao Fang Ting Jin Keyu Xie School of materials Science and engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China School of metallurgical engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China

Rechargeable Mg-ion batteries(MIBs)have attracted much more attentions by virtue of the high capacity from the two electrons ***,the reversible Mg^(2+)diffusion in cathode materials is restricted by the strong interactions between the high-polarized bivalent Mg^(2+)ions and anionic ***,we design and propose a hetero-structural VO_(2)(R)-VS_(4)cathode,in which the re-delocalized d-electrons can effectively shield the polarity of Mg^(2+)***,the electrons should spontaneously transfer from VS_(4)to VO_(2)(R)through the interfaces of hetero-structure due to the lower work function value of VS_(4).Furthermore,the internal electrons transfer lead to the electronic injection into VO_(2)(R)from VS_(4)and the partially broken V-V dimers,indicating the presence of lone pair electrons and charge *** from the shield effect of re-delocalized electrons,and the weakened attraction between cations and O/S anions enables more S^(2-)-S_(2)^(2-)redox groups to participate the electrochemical reactions and compensate the double charge of Mg^(2+)***,VO_(2)(R)-VS_(4)hetero-structure exhibits a high specific capacity of 554 mA h g^(-1)at 50 mA g^(-1).It is believed that the charge re-delocalization of cathode extremely boost the Mg^(2+)ions migration for the high-capacity of MIBs.

关键词： Mg-ion batteries Cathode Charge delocalization Electronic structure Heterostructure

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