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儿童青少年运动员的营养需要

体育科学 2001年第5期21卷 89-93页

作者： Oded Bar-Or Susan Barr Michael Bergeron Ruth Carey Priscilla Clarkson Linda Houtkooper Anita Rivera-Brown Tom Rowland Suzanne Steen 艾华 Children's Exercise & Nutrition Center McMaster University School of family & Nutritional Sciences University of British Columbia Department of Exercise Science University of Massachusetts Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Arizona Center for Sports Health and Exercise Sciences Albergue Olimpico and dept. of Physical medicine Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine Pediatric Cardiology Baystate Medical Center Children's Hospital Graduate Division dept. of Nutrition Education Immaculata College

1.儿童青少年运动员应该食用多样化的食物,其中,蛋白质应占膳食总能量的12%～15%,碳水化合物至少占55%,而脂肪至多占30%。日常生活中如何吃才能满足这些要求呢?膳食指南宝塔提供了一条可行之道。2.有些营养素对热爱运动的儿童青少年运... 详细信息

1.儿童青少年运动员应该食用多样化的食物,其中,蛋白质应占膳食总能量的12%～15%,碳水化合物至少占55%,而脂肪至多占30%。日常生活中如何吃才能满足这些要求呢?膳食指南宝塔提供了一条可行之道。2.有些营养素对热爱运动的儿童青少年运动员非常重要,要保证摄入充足,这些营养素是碳水化合物(包括纤维素)、维生素B_6、维生素D、铁、钙、镁、锌、铬。科学合理、包罗各类食物的平衡膳食,对青少年运动员最大程度地全面摄取各种营养素,满足生长发育和运动训练的需要,是非常必要的。3.鼓励儿童青少年运动员在运动训练前、中、后进行补液,以避免脱水的发生。4.如果膳食合理平衡,就没必要额外补充营养品。

关键词：运动员营养需要运动医学儿童青少年运动训练合理膳食生长发育

Financial viability and conservation role of betel leaf based agroforestry:an indigenous hill farming system of Khasia comm.nity in Bangladesh

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Journal of Forestry Research 2009年第2期20卷 131-136页

作者： Mizanur Rahman Mohammad Mahfuzur Rahman Mahmuda Islam dept. of Forestry and Environmental Science Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Institute of Forestry and Environmental Science University of Chittagong

A study was conducted to investigate the cultural and financial management techniques of betel leaf based agroforestry system practiced in or near homegardens of Khasia comm.nity in Jaintapur Upazila in the district of Sylhet, *** Khasia is an educated comm.nity where 100% of Khasia people were literate, a stunning fact for this ethnic comm.nity in *** average family size in the study area was 7.68, with a ration of male and females of 141:*** homegardens of the Khasia are rich in species composi-tion, which 15 timber species, 22 horticultural species, six medicinal species, 13 annual crops including leafy vegetables, seven species of spices and five species of bamboo were identified along with betel *** Khasia is an economically prosperous comm.nity with the minimum family incomes of Tk 4 000 per month(Tk.70=1 US Dollar).Betel leaf based agroforestry is very comm.n being a prevalent source of *** 95.45% of the households are involved in betel leaf *** mean annual income from one hectare of betel leaf plantation was estimated to be *** practice was proven to be a profitable business where the benefit cost ratio was calculated to be ***, the species composition in the betel leaf plantation area(the forest area once utilized by Khasia for shifting cultivation) was found to be very promising to play the significant role in conservation of biological diversity making the practice a sus-tainable agroforestry system.

关键词： agroforestry betel leaf conservation homegarden Khasia

A particle swarm optimization algorithm on the surgery scheduling problem with downstream process 25th

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A particle swarm optimization algorithm on the surgery sched...

CONSTANT AMPLITUDE FATIGUE STRENGTH AND P-S_a-S_m-N CAMBER family

第25届中国控制与决策会议

作者： WANG Yu MIAO Yunhui ZHU Huabo TANG Jiafu dept. of Systems Engineering State Key Lab of Synthetic Automation of Process Industry Northeastern University

ISBN: (纸本)9781467355339

This paper focuses on generating an optimal surgery schedule of elective-patients in multiple operating theatres, which considering the intra-operative care and recovery phases. We try to determine the surgery sequence and location. With regard to the downstream process, recovery room, the problem is modeled as a hybrid integer program with the objective of minimizing the operating costs of hospital, which includes operating rooms’ fixed costs, operating rooms’ overtime costs and recovery costs. A discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm combined with heuristic rules is proposed. We text our approach with realistic data, the results show the algorithm we present basically reached the same level of CPLEX, while the computation time is far less than CPLEX. Additionally, the approach can find the optimized number of daily opening operating rooms and recovery beds through varying parameters in the experiment, which give management insights to hospital and reduce the daily operating cost.

关键词： Operating theatre Scheduling Discrete particle swarm optimization Heuristic

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 1996年第1期9卷 28-37页

作者： Ni Kan(Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong Universily, Shanghai, China, 200030)Gao Zentong(Department of Flight Vehicle Design and Applied Mechanics, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing, China, dept. of Nav. Arch. and Ocean Eng. Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China dept. Flight Vehicle Des. Appl. M. Beijing Univ. Aero. and Astronaut. Beijing 100083 China

Functions of the P-Sa-Sm-N camber family in constant amplitude cyclic loading are established by combining the P-S-N curve family and constant life diagrams, which is feasible in engineering application. Meanwhile, the preconditions of mechanics and probability-statistics are clearly presented. According to Weibull's assumptions i.e., monotone decreasing and nonintersecting about individual S-N curves, the relation of isostructural measure preserving transformation (IMPT) between the probability spaces of constant amplitude fatigue life and constant amplitude fatigue strength is proved based on the measure theory. Therefore, an individual specimen possesses the same percentile value in different probability spaces of fatigue life and fatigue strength under constant amplitude loading. The P-Sa -Sm-N cambers of individual, population and sample are also distinguished.

关键词： amplitude camber fatigue life fatigue (materials) strength

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第6期1卷 18-18页

作者： Chuh A.A.T. Zawar V. Wong W.C.W. Lee A. 牛新武 dept. of comm. and family medicine Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital ShatinChina HongKong

Previous studies on the association of smoking with acne vulgaris have reported conflicting results. The objective of this study was to investigate such an association. Our setting was three primary carepractices in HongKong and one primary care practice in India. Patient characteristics in all four practices are similar. All medical records in these practices incorporate a section in which the smoking habits of each patient is routinely documented. We searched our database and retrieved 632 records of patients with acne seen in the previous 5 years. We also retrieved 632 records of age-andsex-matched controls. Fifty- three out of 379 male patients with acne and 25 out of 379 male controls were smokers (P= 0.001; OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.43.8). Six out of 253 female patients with acne and three out of 253 female controls were smokers (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 0.5- 9.4). We conclude that smoking is likely to bear a positive correlation with acne for men. Our numbers are too small for a definite conclusion to be drawn for females.

关键词：痤疮患者寻常性痤疮吸烟习惯病历记录女性痤疮中所

Protection of Maternity in Greece and the E.U.——A Comparison Analysis

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2007年第1期18卷 49-60页

作者： N.Salakos P.Christopoulos E.Deligeoroglou Z.Roupa P.Sotiropoulou P.Papadimitriou Division of family Planning 2nd Dept of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of AthensMedical SchoolAretaieion Hospital14564 AthensGreece dept.of Health Visitors Technological Institute of AthensGreece

Pregnancy and motherhood are two situations which impose on the special regulation of the working conditions in order to secure the protection of the physical and psychological health of woman. Furthermore, the disproportion between woman＇s and man＇s work and the mentality that labour and the raising of child is a burden that only woman has to bear, needs to be eliminated. This burden is softened by the protection provided to pregnant women by the state. This way, a great effort is made to promote the equality in working relations between men and women. This kind of protection is realized through the National Health and Social Care by giving economical provisions and through legislative regulations in order to harmonize work and parental role. In this study, regulations and services along with their health care personnel, referring to motherhood＇s protection in Greece, are presented and related data concerning other EU countries are given. Until now, the existing system of maternity of the ＂Social State＂ has not reached yet the desired goal.

关键词： protection of motherhood Health care personnel Social Care System Greece EU

Public Health and Water Resources

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Public Health and Water Resources

Influencing factors for colonoscopic compliance to colorectal cancer screening in outpatients

北京论坛（2005）文明的和谐与共同繁荣——全球化视野中亚洲的机遇与发展

作者： ONG Choon Nam dept.of comm.nity Occupational and Family Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore 10 Kent Ridge Crescent Singapore 117597

Fresh water is quickly becoming a precious item,with only 2.5%of available water in the world is fresh *** access to clean and safe water is a fundamental human need,yet over a billion people in our planet do not have access to clean and safe *** 2015,it is estimated that at least 40%of the world’s population or about 3 billion people will not have water for basic *** 2001,the World Health Organization(WHO) and United Nations

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China Medical Abstracts(Internal medicine) 2024年第2期41卷 105-106页

作者：谭雪娇 dept.Gastroenterol 1st Affil HospShihezi UnivShihezi 832000

Objective To explore the influencing factors for compliance to colonoscopy screening for colorectal cancer in *** Patients aged 40-74 years who visited the outpatient gastroenterology department of 7 tertiary hospitals in 7 regions of Xinjiang from January 2022 to June 2022 were *** for colonoscopy screening were made according to the patient's medical conditions,and the questionnaire was used to collect *** Chi-square test was used to compare the differences of compliant and noncompliant *** logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of compliance to colonoscopy *** A total of 463 valid questionnaires were obtained from 7 centers,in which,427 outpatients(92.2%)followed the recomm.ndation for colonoscopy screening,and 36(7.8%)did *** test results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in gender,age,education,subjective cognition of intestinal polyps,personal history of colorectal polyps,family history of colorectal cancer,family history of colorectal polyps。

关键词： colorectal outpatient colon

Design and in vivo characterization of kidney-targeting multimodal micelles for renal drug delivery

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5584-5595页

作者： Jonathan Wang Christopher Poon Deborah Chin Sarah Milkowski Vivian Lu Kenneth R. Hallows Eun Ji Chung Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033 USA Mork family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

One in three Americans is at risk for developing chronic kidney disease （CKD） and end-stage renal disease （ESRD）, leading to the need for dialysis or a kidney transplant. Small-molecule drugs have been proposed as therapies to manage kidney diseases, but high dosages are often required to achieve therapeutic efficacy, generating off-target side effects, some of which are lethal. To address these limitations, we developed a novel kidney-targeting multimodal micelle （KM） system for drug delivery applications. SpecificaU~ we incorporated the kidney-targeting peptide （Lysine-Lysine-Glutamic acid-Glutamic acid-Glutamic acid）3-Lysine）（（KKEEE）3K） into micelles. This peptide binds to megalin, a multi-ligand cell surface receptor present on renal tubule cells. When incubated with human kidney proximal tubule cells, KMs were found to be biocompatible in vitro. In vivo, KMs showed higher accumulation in the kidneys as compared to a non-targeted （NT） control upon intravenous injection in wild-type C57BL/6J mice. Histological evaluation showed no signs of tissue damage, while blood urea nitrogen （BUN） and creatinine levels were within normal ranges, validating the preservation of kidney health upon micelle administration. To our knowledge, this is the first utilization of （KKEEE）BK in a nanoparticle formulation, and our study offers strong evidence that this novel nanoparticle platform can be used as a candidate drug delivery carrier to direct therapeutics to diseased tissue in CKD.

关键词： micelle kidney disease renal targeting biodistribution nanoparticle