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Decreased apoptosis in advanced-stage/high-grade hepatocellular carcinoma complicating chronic hepatitis C is mediated through the downregulation of p21 ras

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2013年第3期25卷 281-288页

作者： Nahed Baddour Ebtehal Farrag Ahmed Zeid Essam Bedewy Yousry Taher departments of Pathology Alexandria Egypt departments of Hepatobiliary Unit Internal MedicineAlexandria Egypt departments of tropical medicine of the alexandria faculty of medicine Alexandria Egypt

Objective and background： Although p21 ras has been reported to be upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma complicating chronic hepatitis C type I, p21 ras has a different role in advanced stages, as it has been found to be downregulated. The goal of this study was to investigate the status of p21 ras in early-stage/low-grade and late-stage/high-grade hepatocellular carcinoma and its possible link to apoptosis. Material and methods： Thirty-five cases each of chronic HCV hepatitis type 4 （group I） and cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） complicating chronic HCV hepatitis （groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ） were immunohistochemically evaluated using a p21 ras polyclonal antibody. The apoptotic index was determined in histologic sections using the terminal deoxynncleotidyl transferase-mediated d-UTP biotin nick end labeling （TUNEL） assay. Results： Significant differences （P=0.001） were detected in p21 ras protein expression between the three groups. A near 2-fold increase in p21 ras staining was observed in the cirrhotic cases compared to the hepatitis cases, and p21 ras expression was decreased in the HCC group, p21 ras expression correlated with stage （r=0.64, P--0.001） and grade （r=-0.65, P=0.001） in the HCC group and grade in the HCV group （r=0.44, P=0.008）. Both p21 ras expression and TUNEL-LI were significantly lower in large HCCs compared to small HCCs （P=0.01 each）. The TUNEL values were negatively correlated with stage in the HCC group （r=-0.85, P=0.001）. The TUNEL values were also negatively correlated with grade in both the HCV and HCC groups （r=0.89, P=0.001 and r=0.53, P=0.001, respectively）. The p21 ras scores were significantly correlated with the TUNEL-LI values in the HCC group （r=0.63, P=0.001） and HCV group （r=0.88, P=0.001）. Conclusions： p21 ras acts as an initiator in HCC complicating type 4 chronic HCV and is downregulated with HCC progression, which most likely promotes tumor cell survival because it facilitates the downregulation of apoptosis with tumor

关键词： p21 ras terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d-UTP biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) apoptosis HCV type 4 hepatocellular carcinoma

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Determinants of Schistosoma mansoni transmission in hotspots at the late stage of elimination in Egypt

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第5期11卷 95-96页

作者： Ramy Mohamed Ghazy Walid Ismail Ellakany Mai M.Badr Nehad E.M.Taktak Heba Elhadad Sarah MAbdo Ayat Hagag Abdel Rahman Hussein Mohamed Mostafa Tahoun 不详 Department of tropical medicine Faculty of MedicineAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt

Background In certain settings,the prevalence and severity of schistosoma infection do not lessen despite repeated rounds of preventative chemotherapy;these areas are known as *** study aimed to investigate the role of human practices,besides environmental and malacological factors,in the maintenance of the Schistosoma mansoni infection transmission chain in hotspot areas in *** This cross-sectional study was conducted between July and November 2019 in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate,Egypt.A pre-designed structured interviewing questionnaire was used to collect humanitarian *** samples were collected from children aged 6–15 years on three successive days and examined using the Kato-Katz ***,water and snail samples were taken from watercourses surrounding *** were identified based on their shell morphology and structure and tested for cercaria *** samples were analyzed for their physicochemical and biological *** A total of 2259 fecal samples(1113 in summer and 1146 in fall)were collected from 861 *** 46.9%of the participants were males,and 31.8%were aged 6–10 *** prevalence of *** infection was higher during the summer than during the fall(19.1%vs 7.2%,respectively,P<0.01).The intensity of infection(light,moderate,and heavy)during summer versus fall was(93.55 vs 89.38%,6.45 vs 8.85%,and 0.00%vs 1.77%),respectively(P<0.05).A higher prevalence of human infection was observed among males than females[OR=1.63,95%confidence interval(CI):1.10–2.40,P=0.015],children aged 11–15 years than among their counterparts aged 6–10 years(OR=2.96,95%CI:1.72–5.06,P<0.001),and mothers with a low level of education(OR=3.33,95%CI:1.70–6.52,P<0.001).The main identified risk factors were contacting the main body of water-canal for washing clothes(OR=1.81,95%CI:1.12–2.49,P=0.015),land irrigation(OR=2.56,95%CI:1.32–4.96,P=0.004),water collection(OR=2.94,95%CI:1.82–4.73,P<0.001),bathing(

关键词： Schistosoma mansoni Praziquantel Biomphalaria alexandrina Community engagement Transmission cycle Neglected tropical diseases

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Demographic,socioeconomic and environmental changes affecting circulation of neglected tropical diseases in Egypt

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical medicine 2015年第11期8卷 861-869页

作者： Iman F.Abou-El-Naga Medical Parasitology Department Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Alexandria

Egypt has been plagued by many neglected tropical diseases since Pharaonic *** diseases are *** transmitted helminthiasis,lymphatic *** and fascioliasis beside the epidermal parasitic skin ***,theses disease still persist as public health problem in the country by the influence of demographic,socioeconomic and environmental *** study seeks for understanding the contribution of each factor in each obstacle in neglected tropical diseases perpetuation which in turn could help the governorate in planning integrated control *** was found that poverty,unregulated urbanization and inadequate sanitation are important socioeconomic factors that have great effect on the transmission dynamics of the *** environmental factors which affect the epidemiology of these diseases in the counln are scarcity of water,construction of dams,land reclamation for agriculture beside the climate *** panic increase in the population growth rale minimizes the efforts done by the governorate to elevate the public health *** conditions also affect the transmission of epidermal parasitic skin diseases including scabies,head lice and hookworm—related cutaneous larva *** control programs and the recommendations to combat the diseases were *** present study showed that the ecological factors affecting each neglected tropical disease in Egypt are somewhat similar which makes it worthy to develop an integrated control approaches aiming at improving the leading factors of neglected tropical diseases circulation in the country.

关键词： Neglected tropical diseases Epidermal parasitic sk

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Can miRNA712＿3p be a promising biomarker for early diagnosis of toxoplasmosis?

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical medicine 2018年第12期11卷 688-692页

作者： Nermine Mogahed Fawzy Hussein Mogahed Safaa Ibrahim Khedr Rasha Abdelmawla Ghazala Inas Mohamed Masoud Medical Parasitology Department Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Medical Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing Pharos University in Alexandria

Objective: To assess the role of miRNA712_3p as a specific biomarker in early detection of toxoplasmosis in plasma of mice acutely infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Methods: Real-time PCR was used to measure the level of miRNA712_3p in plasma of infected mice. Immunecompetent and immune-suppressed mice were examined, three and five days post-infection. Results: Results revealed significant up-regulation of plasma miRNA712_3p in both immunecompetent and immune-compromised groups in comparison to the control non-infected group. Additionally, an increase in the level of miRNA712_3p was noticed correspondently in the parasite density detected in liver impression smears. Conclusions: miRNA712_3p can be used as a novel biomarker for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in both immunecompetent and immune-compromised host.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii microRNAs miRNA7123p Biomarker Real-time PCR

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Achillea fragrantissima,rich in flavonoids and tannins,potentiates the activity of diminazine aceturate against Trypanosoma evansi in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical medicine 2016年第3期9卷 223-229页

作者： Ibrahim M.El-Ashmawy Naser A.Al-Wabel Aida E.Bayad Department of Veterinary medicine College of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine.Qassim University Department of Pharmacology.faculty of Veterinary medicine.alexandria University Veterinary Services Center Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAlexandria University

Objective:To evaluate activity of methanol extract of Achillea fragrantissima(meth)(***) alone or in combination with diminazine aceturate(DA) against Trypanosoma evansi in experimentally infected ***:Sixty adult male Wister albino rats were divided equally into 6 groups(A-F).Rats in groups A-E were experimentally infected with *** and those in group F were *** groups were treated respectively as follows:group A- with 3.5 mg/kg DA;group B- with 1 000 mg/kg meth,***;group C-3.5mg/kg DA plus 500 mg/kg meth ***;group D-3.5 mg/kg DA plus 1 000 mg/kg meth *** E was left ***,survivability,packed cell volume,hemoglobin concentration,total leucocytes count,lymphocyte count,and serum malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione(GSH) levels were *** screening of meth *** was also ***:The phytochemical analysis of the meth *** indicated a higher content from polyphenols tannins and non tannins and *** efficacy percentage against trypanosomiasis in groups A to E was respectively as follows 80,40,90.100,*** administration of ***(1000)mg/kg ***.) produced a moderate efficacy against *** rats in group E died between 25 and 30 d post *** rats given DA and meth *** combinations(C and D) showed faster and higher recovery rates than the uninfected control and groups A and *** initial reduction in packed cell volume,hemoglobin,total leucocytes count,increases in serum malondialdehyde and decreases in GSH levels were reversed by the treatments.C onclusions:The administration of the methanol extracts of *** and DA combination therapy was more effective than each product alone in the treatment of rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi and further studies are required to isolate more active ingredients.

关键词： Achillea fragrantissima Trypanosoma evansi Flavonoids Malondialdehyde Reduced glutathione Rats

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Barriers for resuming endoscopy service in the context of COVID-19 pandemic:A multicenter survey from Egypt

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第43期26卷 6880-6890页

作者： Omar Elshaarawy Sameh Aldesoky Lashen Nahed A Makhlouf Doaa Abdeltawab Mariam Salah Zaghloul Rasha M Ahmed Hayam Fathy Shimaa Afifi Muhammad Abdel-Gawad Eman Abdelsameea Sherief Abd-Elsalam Salem Youssef Mohamed Mohammed Tag-Adeen Mina Tharwat Ahmed Alzamzamy Ahmed Nasr Bekhit Alshaimaa M Eid Abeer Awad Mohamed-Naguib Wifi Mohammad Aamr Waleed A Abd El Dayem Mohamed Alboraie Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Liver TransplantationNational Liver InstituteMenoufia UniversityShebine Elkom 32511Egypt Department of Internal medicine and Center of Alcohol Research and Liver Diseases Salem Medical CenterHeidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69121Germany Department of Internal medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of AlexandriaAlexandria 21521Egypt Department of tropical medicine and Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt Department of Hepatology Gastroentrology and Infectious DiseasesKafrelsheikh UniversityFaculty of MedicineKafrelsheikh 33565Egypt Department of Internal medicine Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt National Hepatology and tropical medicine Research Institute Cairo 11638Egypt Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesFaculty of MedicineAl-Azhar UniversityAssiut 71524Egypt Department of tropical medicine and Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt Department of Internal medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology UnitFaculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Department of Internal medicine Gastroenterology UnitQena Faculty of MedicineSouth Valley UniversityQena 83523Egypt Department of tropical medicine and Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineAswan UniversityAswan 81528Egypt Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Military Medical AcademyCairo 11771Egypt Department of tropical medicine Zagazig General HospitalZagazig 42511Egypt Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Infectious Disease Faculty of MedicineAlAzhar UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Department of Internal medicine Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11759Egypt Department of Hepatology and Gastroentorolgy Shebin Elkom Teaching HospitalShebine Elkom 3521Egypt Department of tropical medicine Faculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Department of Internal medicine Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11651Egypt

BACKGROUND The current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has affected routine endoscopy service across the gastroenterology *** led to the suspension of service provision for elective *** To assess the potential barriers for resuming the endoscopy service in *** A national online survey,four domains,was disseminated over a period of 4 wk in August *** primary outcome of the survey was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the endoscopy service and barriers to the full resumption of a disabled center(s).RESULTS A hundred and thirteen Egyptian endoscopy centers participated in the *** waiting list was increased by≥50% in 44.9% of areas with clusters of COVID-19 cases(n=49)and in 35.5% of areas with sporadic cases(n=62).Thirty nine(34.8%)centers suffered from staff shortage,which was considered a barrier against service resumption by 86.4% of centers in per-protocol *** multivariate analysis,the burden of cases in the unit locality,staff shortage/recovery and the availability of separate designated rooms for COVID-19 cases could markedly affect the resumption of endoscopy practice(P=0.029,<0.001 and 0.02,respectively)and Odd’s ratio(0.15,1.8 and 0.16,respectively).CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic has led to restrictions in endoscopic *** staff shortage/recovery and the availability of COVID-19 designed rooms are the most important barriers against *** working hours and dividing endoscopy staff into teams may help to overcome the current situation.

关键词： COVID-19 Endoscopy Practice Pandemic Egypt Barriers

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Immunological efficacy of Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination in Egyptian children:case series

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical medicine 2008年第3期1卷 36-41页

作者： Malak Shaheen Ashraf Madkour Paediatric departments Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine CairoEgypt Chest Diseases departments Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine CairoEgypt

Bacille Calmette-Gu6rin(BCG) vaccine is one of the most widely used vaccines in *** Egypt,it is a part of the national compulsory childhood immunization *** most controversial aspect of BCG is the variable efficacy found in different *** study was to evaluate the efficacy status of the available BCG vaccine in Egypt within the last 10 years(BCG-Copenhagen).The pilot cross sectional study included 597 Egyptian children randomly *** ages ranged from 6 months to 10 years old(mean_ 5 years,median: 3 years).All were assessed for history of BCG vaccine intake(primary at infancy and/or secondary at school age) and examined for the presence BCG scar.A group of the vaccinated children(62 children with BCG scar and 69 children without BCG scar) were further assessed with tuberculin skin test(TST).Prevalence of BCG vaccine intake in the studied children was 86.9%(519/597).Efficacy in term of BCG scar after vaccination was 66.6%(346/519).However,efficacy in term of post BCG vaccination tuberculin sensitization was only 3.8%(5/131).BCG vaccination program in Egypt seems to be widely prevalent;however, the immunological efficacy of the available strain is questionable.

关键词： BCG vaccine efficacy tuberculin skin test Egypt children

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Molluscicidal effect of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica on Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical Biomedicine 2023年第1期13卷 35-44页

作者： Salwa S.Younis Iman F.Abou-El-Naga Khaled H.Radwan Medical Parasitology Department Faculty of MedicineAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt Agriculture Genetic Engineering Research Institute CairoEgypt

Objective:To assess the molluscicidal effect of the eco-friendly green synthesized neem silver nanoparticles(neem-Ag NPs)against Biomphalaria alexandrina,the snail intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni,and their cercaricidal ***:Methanol extracts from neem fruits were used for green synthesis of neem-Ag *** neem-Ag NPs were characterized using UV-visible absorption spectra,dynamic laser light scattering technique,and transmission electron *** potential molluscicidal effect against adult and juvenile Biomphalaria alexandrina and the effect of the sub-lethal concentration on hatching of snail eggs and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae were ***:The surface plasmon resonance of neem-Ag NPs showed a sharp absorption peak atλ_(max)=518 nm together with multiple *** hydrodynamic diameter was(77.15±34.53)nm,the polydispersity index(0.338±0.000)and the zeta-potential-14.07 ***,transmission electron microscopy showed that the average size of the nanoparticles was(27±2)*** was evident and a light-colored capping layer could be seen coating the *** snails(LC_(50):0.83 ppm)were more susceptible to neem-Ag NPs than adults(LC_(50):1.07 ppm).In addition,neem-Ag NPs and neem at LC_(50)concentrations inhibited the egg-hatching of snails and showed cercaricidal activity in a time-dependent ***:Neem-Ag NPs have lethal activities against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and their eggs,as well as Schistosoma mansoni ***,neem-Ag NPs could be a potential agent to control schistosomiasis.

关键词： Biomphalaria alexandrina Neem Schistosoma mansoni Azadirachta indica Silver nanoparticles Molluscicide

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The Role of Circulating MicroRNAs as Markers of Disease Progression in Hepatitis C Virus Infected Egyptian Patients

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第4期6卷 320-331页

作者： Reem Abdel Hamid Harfoush Marwa Ahmed Meheissen Reham Abel Haleem Abo Elwafa Doaa Ahmed Elwazzan Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department Faculty of Medicine University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department Faculty of Medicine University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt tropical medicine Department Faculty of Medicine University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt

Background: The discovery of miRNAs circulating in the peripheral blood has opened new directions of research to identify new non-invasive markers for diagnosis of diseases. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression levels of circulating plasma miRNAs (miRNA-21 & miRNA-122) in Egyptian patients with chronic uncomplicated and complicated HCV. Patients & Methods: This study was conducted on 60 Chronic HCV infected patients. Patients were divided into three groups (20 patients each): uncomplicated HCV, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). All patients were subjected to laboratory investigations including complete blood picture, liver function tests. Expression levels of miRNA-21 and -122 in plasma using RT-PCR were determined. Results: MiRNA-21 showed significant fold increase in chronic uncomplicated HCV while significant fold decrease in cirrhotic and HCC groups (P = 0.036). On the other hand, miRNA-122 showed significant fold elevation in both chronic uncomplicated and cirrhotic groups and significant fold decrease in HCC group (P = 0.005). ROC curve analysis for miRNA-122 yielded 68.4% sensitivity and 100% specificity for the differentiation of HCC patients from non-HCC at a cutoff 0.184. Neither miRNA-21 nor miRNA-122 was a successful predictor for HCC diagnosis. Conclusion: MiRNA-122 can be used as novel non-invasive biomarker for monitoring HCV related disease progression.

关键词： MicroRNA Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hepatitis C Virus

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New scope on the relationship between rotifers and Biom phalaria alexandrina snails

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical Biomedicine 2013年第8期3卷 595-603页

作者： Shereen Farouk Mossallam Eglal Ibrahim Amer Iman Fathy Abou-El-Naga Medical Parasitology Department Faculty of MedicineAlexandria UniversityEgypt

Objective:To investigate the effect of rotifer internalization into snail tissue on the development of ***:Susceptible laboratory-bred Biomphalaria alexandrina(***)snails were exposed to lab-maintained rotifers;Philodinaspp.,two weeks before and after being infected with Schistosoma mansoni(***)*** consequent histopathological impact on snail tissues and cercarial biology were investigated before and after emergence from ***:Contamination of *** with philodina,two weeks before miracidial exposure,was found to hinder the preliminary development of *** inside the snail ***,when snails were contaminated with rotifers two weeks post miracidial exposure;growth of already established cercariae was found to be *** consequent influence of internalized rotifers within the snail tissue was clearly reflected on cercarial em ergence,activity and infectivity along the four weeks duration of *** the present study,comparison of snail histopathological findings and altered cercarial biology observed between the experimental and control groups indicated that the rotifers may have affected the levels of snail's energy reservoirs,which eventually was found to have had an adverse impacton reproduction,growth and survival of the parasite within the snail host,coupled with its performance outside the ***:In future biological control strategies of schistosomiasis,ritifers should be considered as a parasitic scourge of humanity.

关键词： Biomphalaria alexandrina Schistosoma mansoni Rotifers Snail histopathology Cercarial biology

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