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Longitudinal observation of intraocular pressure variations with acute altitude changes

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第20期7卷 3226-3236页

作者： Yuan Xie Yun-Xiao Sun Ying Han Di-Ya Yang Yi-Quan Yang Kai Cao Shu-Ning Li Xue Li Xin-Xin Lu Shi-Zheng Wu Ning-Li Wang Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing 100730China Beijing Institute of ophthalmology Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100005China Department of ophthalmology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143United States Department of Laboratory Medicine Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China departments of Neurology the Qinghai Provincial People's HospitalXining 810007Qinghai ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Higher intraocular pressure(IOP)is a major risk factor for developing glaucoma,and the leading cause of irreversible blindness *** altitude(HA)may be involved in IOP,but the reported results were *** to HA directly by plane from low altitude regions is an acute,effortless ***,the effects of such exposure to different altitudes on IOP have rarely been *** To investigate changes in IOP after rapid effortless exposure to HA in stages and compare it with systemic *** Fifty-eight healthy subjects(116 eyes)were divided into three groups:17 lowaltitude(LA)residents[44 m above sea level(ASL)],22 HA residents(2261 m ASL)and 19 very HA(VHA)residents(3750 m ASL).The LA group flew to HA *** days later,they flew with the HA group to VHA where both groups stayed for 2 ***,the LA group flew back to HA and stayed for 1 d before flying back to 44 ***,oxygen saturation(SpO2)and pulse rate were *** linear mixed model was used to compare repeated *** IOP in the LA group significantly decreased from 18.41±2.40 mmHg at 44 m to 13.60±3.68 mmHg at 2261 m ASL(P<0.001),and then to 11.85±2.48 mmHg at 3750 m ASL(P=0.036 compared to IOP at 2261 m ASL)and partially recovered to 13.47±2.57 mmHg upon return to 44 *** in the LA group at HA and VHA was comparable to that in the local residents(12.2±2.4 mmHg for HA,11.5±1.8 mmHg for VHA).IOP was positively associated with SpO2 while negatively associated with pulse *** IOP in the LA group gradually reduced as altitude elevated in stages and became comparable to IOP in local *** may be associated with IOP,which deserves further study.

关键词： Intraocular pressure High altitude Hypoxia Glaucoma Lowlanders Erythrocyte

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RENAL DRUG ELIMINATION REEVALUATED

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中国临床药理学杂志 1986年第4期 241-243页

作者： Marcus M.Reidenberg Division of Clinical pharmacology departments of pharmacology and Medicine Cornell University Medical College New York M.D.

The primary determinant of therate of renal excretion of a drug is theoveralllevel of kidney function as as-sessed by the glomerular filtration ra-te（GFR）.The basic theorg,rigorous-ly proposed by Dettli,States that ... 详细信息

关键词： rate RENAL DRUG ELIMINATION REEVALUATED GFR

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Methodological Issues and Applications in Economic Evaluation of Alternative Livestock Diseases Control Strategies： The Case of the CBPP Quarantine Line in North-Eastern Kenya

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第5期2卷 640-659页

作者： Stephen G. Mbogoh Joseph M. Gathuma departments of Agricultural Economics and Public Health Pharmacology and Toxicology Respectively University of NairobiKenya

Contagious bovine pleuro-pneumonia （CBPP） is one of the endemic and life-threatening livestock diseases in the arid and semi-arid land areas （ASALs） of Kenya, which justify the case for the control of livestock diseases to avoid the spread of such diseases from the ASALs to the rest of the country, and a CBPP control quarantine line （CQL） that to help prevent the spread of CBPP from the ASALs of North-eastern Kenya to the rest of the country has been in existence since the colonial （pre-1963） times in Kenya. However, the livestock keepers in the ASALs view the CQL as an impediment to their main source of livelihoods because it entails livestock movement restrictions, thus constraining unfettered livestock marketing. Available literature shows that there is a dearth of information on the economics of livestock diseases control in Kenya in terms of its impacts on social welfare. Employing the CQL as a case study, this study shows that an application of analytic techniques that combine disease risk analysis and conventional cost-benefit modelling that incorporates some aspects that are specific to livestock diseases and their control strategies can generate indices of economic impacts of livestock diseases control on social welfare. The study finds that the livestock keepers and traders in Kenya do not consider CBPP a major problem to warrant livestock movement restrictions, yet the official records of the veterinary authorities indicate that CBPP is a major threat to the cattle industry in Kenya. Annually, the government spends substantial resources on the CQL operation and maintenance and also on CBPP surveillance and monitoring to contain the CBPP menace in Kenya. This study shows that such expenditures are economically and socially justifiable. Nevertheless, the study finds some operational inefficiencies in the enforcement of the CQL requirements. The authors, therefore, undertake an evaluation of alternative CBPP control strategies and conclude that it would be m

关键词： Evaluation livestock diseases control CBPP pastoralists marketing welfare Kenya.

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Increased prevalence of parent ratings of ADHD symptoms among children with bilateral congenital cataracts

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第8期12卷 1323-1329页

作者： Zhuo-Ling Lin Duo-Ru Lin Jing-Jing Chen Jing Li Xiao-Yan Li Li-Sha Wang Zhen-Zhen Liu Qian-Zhong Cao Chuan Chen Yi Zhu Wei-Rong Chen Yi-Zhi Liu Hao-Tian Lin State Key Laboratory of ophthalmology ZhongshanOphthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510060Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Molecular and Cellular pharmacology University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFlorida33136USA

AIM: To investigate the behavioral and psychological disorders and the prevalence of parent ratings of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) symptoms among children with bilateral congenital cataracts(CCs). METHODS: This cross-sectional study investigated children with bilateral CC aged 3-8 y(CC group) using Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-48(CPRS-48) from July to December 2016. The abnormal rates of psychological symptoms in CC children and normal vision(NV) children were compared using the Chi-square test. The scores of CC children were compared with those of NV children and the Chinese urban norm using the independent samples t-test and one-sample t-test, respectively. RESULTS: A total of 262 valid questionnaires were collected. The ratio of CC children to NV children was 119:143. The overall rate of psychological symptoms in CC children was 2.28 times higher than that in NV children(46.22% vs 20.28%, Pearson’s χ2=20.062;P<0.001). CC children showed higher scores for conduct problems, learning problems, impulsiveness/hyperactivity, anxiety, and hyperactivity index than NV children and the Chinese urban norm, particularly between the ages of 3 and 5 y. Furthermore, male children aged between 6 and 8 y showed a higher impulsive/hyperactive score than females of the same age(t=6.083, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Children with bilateral CCs have a higher rate of ADHD symptoms than children with NV. This study provides clinical evidence that screening for psychological symptoms and particularly for ADHD symptoms in children with bilateral CC are recommended for an early diagnosis and timely treatment.

关键词： attention deficit hyperactivity disorder congenital cataract Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-48

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Coordinated Control of Proteostasis in Neuronal Stress Response and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Coordinated Control of Proteostasis in Neuronal Stress Respo...

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Zixu Mao departments of pharmacology and Neurology School of Medicine Emory University

Loss of proteostasis under pathologic stress is a key and characteristic pathologic feature for many neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanisms underlying this broad imbalance in protein homeostasis are complex and remain to be fully illustrated. Recent studies indicate that several stress responsive organelles including the lysosomes, ER, and mitochondria are dysfunctional under pathologic stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Individually, each of these organelles contributes to proteostasis to maintain cellular function. What is not well understood is how they may function in coordination to regulate neuronal stress response. Evidence will be presented to demonstrate a new and unexpected tight connection between specific stress response organelles. These new findings support the notion that a coordinated network response at organelle level is particularly important for neurons to maintain proteostasis and loss of such coordination may contribute to the pathogenic process of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： proteostasis neuronal stress response neurodegenerative diseases stress organelles lysosomes ER

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The microbiome,microbial-generated proinflammato y neurotoxins,and Alzheimer's disease

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第4期5卷 393-396页

作者： Walter J.Lukiw LSU Neuroscience Center and departments of Neurology and ophthalmology Louisiana State University Health Science Center

*** Genomic sequencing studies indicate that the human gastrointestinal（GI）tract is a dynamic repository of about-10^14 micro-organisms that outnumber host cells by at least 100 to 1.

关键词： GI BFT

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Müller肌切除矫正面神经麻痹所致的睑退缩和兔眼畸形

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美国医学会眼科杂志（中文版） 2006年第2期18卷 85-89页

作者： Adam S. Hassan Bartley R. Frueh Victor M. Elner 赵素焱（译）赵光喜（校） departments of ophthalmology departments of ophthalmology departments of Pathology University of Michigan Ann Arbor

背景：面神经麻痹常由于眼睑闭合不全导致眼球刺激症状，变弱的舒张肌功能导致相对的眼睑退缩并导致兔眼畸形。目的：评估Miiller肌切除在众多的由于面神经麻痹所致眼球暴露的手术治疗中的作用。方法：34例由于患有慢性面神经麻痹患者... 详细信息

背景：面神经麻痹常由于眼睑闭合不全导致眼球刺激症状，变弱的舒张肌功能导致相对的眼睑退缩并导致兔眼畸形。目的：评估Miiller肌切除在众多的由于面神经麻痹所致眼球暴露的手术治疗中的作用。方法：34例由于患有慢性面神经麻痹患者接受了单眼结膜入路的Miiller肌切除，术后随访20个月。当需要时采用其他方法治疗下睑退缩。术前和术后对眼球暴露症状，上眼睑位置，兔眼畸形和角膜病变做了比较。结果：在59例术前症状中15例（25％）缓解，39例（66％）改善。上眼睑的位置平均降低了1．35mm（P〈0．001）。兔眼畸形（P=0．002）和角膜暴露（P〈0．001）明显改善。3例患者需要上睑提肌腱膜修复，其中2例先前存在腱膜撕裂，1例由于疏忽所致的腱膜横断。结论：Müller肌切除是一种快速。安全及可重复性的用于降低上睑位置的下眼睑退缩和减少眼球暴露症状和体征的手术方法。

关键词：面神经麻痹下眼睑退缩肌功能眼畸形切除上睑提肌腱膜刺激症状矫正眼睑闭合不全

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癌症相关性视网膜病变

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美国医学会眼科杂志（中文版） 2000年第3期12卷 156-159页

作者：姜中蓉 departments of ophthalmology departments of ophthalmology departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

患有全身性癌症的患者通常有不同的眼部主诉,最常见的是转移或治疗的副作用。肿瘤引起的综合征,如癌症相关性视网膜病变、很少产生眼部症状。我们描述1例患有恶性混合性苗勒肿瘤(mullerian tumor)及癌症相关性视网膜病变的患者,她的循... 详细信息

患有全身性癌症的患者通常有不同的眼部主诉,最常见的是转移或治疗的副作用。肿瘤引起的综合征,如癌症相关性视网膜病变、很少产生眼部症状。我们描述1例患有恶性混合性苗勒肿瘤(mullerian tumor)及癌症相关性视网膜病变的患者,她的循环血清中有抗恢复素(recoverin)的抗体,肿瘤内有恢复素阳性的细胞。我们讨论典型的临床症状以及这种不常见异常的病理生理学发现。

关键词：癌症相关性视网膜病变治疗 ERG

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The essential role of N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation in complex eye diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第2期10卷 505-520页

作者： Xiaohua Li Binyun Ma Wenfang Zhang Zongming Song Xiaodan Zhang Mengyu Liao Xue Li Xueru Zhao Mei Du Jinguo Yu Shikun He Hua Yan Henan Provincial People’s Hospital Henan Eye HospitalHenan Eye InstituteHenan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencePeople’s Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityPeople’s Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450003China Department of Medicine/Hematology Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA Department of ophthalmology Lanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansu 730030China Department of ophthalmology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalLaboratory of Molecular OphthalmologyTianjin Medical University. Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300052China Department of Pathology and ophthalmology USC Roski Eye InstituteKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA

There are many complex eye diseases which are the leading causes of blindness,however,the pathogenesis of the complex eye diseases is not fully understood,especially the underlying molecular mechanisms of N6-methyladenosine(m6A)RNA methylation in the eye diseases have not been extensive *** review summarizes the latest advances in the studies of m6A modification in the pathogenesis of the complex eye diseases,including cornea disease,cataract,diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,proliferative vitreoretinopathy,Graves’disease,uveal melanoma,retinoblastoma,and traumatic optic *** further discuss the possibility of developing m6A modification signatures as biomarkers for the diagnosis of the eye diseases,as well as potential therapeutic approaches.

关键词： Degeneration Eye diseases Fibrosis Inflammation m6A RNA methylation Tumor

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Purkinje-neuron-specific down-regulation of p38 protects motoric function from the repeated use of benzodiazepine

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第6期4卷 61-71页

作者： Marianna Jung Daniel Metzger departments of pharmacology and Neuroscience University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth USA

Benzodiazepine (BZD) is the most prescribed CNS depressant in America to treat hyper-excitatory disorders such as anxiety and insomnia. However, the chronic use of BZD often creates adverse effects including psychomotor deficit. In this study, we investigated a novel mechanism by which chronic BZD impedes motoric function in female mice. We used female mice because BZD use is much more prevalent in female than male populations. We tested the hypothesis that the accumulation of p38 (stress-activated protein) in cerebellar Purkinje neurons mediates motoric deficit induced by chronic BZD. To test this hypothesis, we generated transgenic mice that lack p38 incerebellar Purkinje neurons by crossing Pcp2 (Purkinje cell protein 2)-Cre mice with p38loxP/loxP mice. p38-knockdown mice and wild-type mice received BZD (lorazepam, 0.5 mg/kg) for 14 days. During this period, they were tested for motoric performance using Rotarod assay in which a quicker fall from rotating rod indicates poorer motoric performance. Cerebellum was then collected to detect p38 inPurkinje neurons and to measure mitochondrial respiration using immunohistochemistry and real-time XF respirometry, respectively. Compared to vehicletreated mice, BZD-treated mice showed poorer motoric performance, a higher number of Purkinje neurons containing p38, and lower mitochondrial respiration. These effects of BZD were much smaller in p38-knockdown mice. These results suggest that the excessive accumulation of p38 incerebellar Purkinje neurons contributes to motoric deficit associated with chronic BZD. They also suggest that Purkinje neuronal p38 mediates BZD-induced mitochondrial respiratory inhibition in cerebellum. Our findings may provide a new mechanistic insight into chronic BZD-induced motoric deficit.

关键词： Benzodiazepine Motoric Deficit p38 Purkinje Neurons Mitochondria

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