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Imaging assessment of profound sensorineural deafness with inner ear anatomical abnormalities

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Journal of Otology 2015年第1期10卷 29-38页

作者： Wei-Jing Wu Xiang-Bo He Li-Hua Tan Peng Hu An-Quan Peng Zi-An Xiao Shu Yang Tian Wang Jie Qing Xin Chen Jing-Kun Li Tao Peng Yun-Peng Dong Xue-Zhong Liu Ding-Hua Xie Department of otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Institute of Otology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Department of Radiology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University departments of otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine departments of otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Leonard M.Miller School of Medicine University of Miami

Objective: : To explore the value of a combined computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in evaluating profound sensorineural deafness patients before cochlear implant(CI) ***: A retrospective analysis of 1012 cases of profound sensorineural deafness that received CI was ***: A total of 96 cases were diagnosed with inner ear abnormalities including large vestibular aqueduct syndrome(LVAS, n ? 61), Michel deformity(n ? 3), cochlear incomplete partition I(n ? 2), cochlear incomplete partition II(n ? 6), cochlear hypoplasia with vestibular malformation(n ? 3), cochlear ossification(n ? 3), bilateral internal auditory canal obstruction(n ? 5) and internal auditory canal stenosis(n ? 2).Conclusion: High resolution CT(HRCT) can display bony structures while MRI can image the membranous labyrinth in preoperative evaluation for cochlear implantation. The combination of these two modalities provides reliable anatomical information regarding the bony and membranous labyrinths, as well as the auditory nerve.

关键词： Cochlea Hearing loss Multimodal imaging

Expiratory Upper Airway Obstruction Caused by the Soft Palate during Bag-Mask Ventilation

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2012年第2期2卷 38-43页

作者： Charles W. Buffington Cynthia M. Q. Wells Ryan J. Soose departments of Anesthesiology and otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA departments of Anesthesiology and otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA.

Introduction: Expiratory upper airway obstruction during bag-mask ventilation is not well characterized. Methods: An audit was done to assess expiratory obstruction in 90 adult surgical patients undergoing bag-mask ventilation during the induction of general anaesthesia. Results: Clinicians experienced difficulty delivering gas to the lungs when the head was neutral in 52 of 90 patients (58%;inspiratory obstruction) but this problem was corrected by head tilt and chin lift in all but 2 patients. Clinicians experienced difficulty recovering gas from the lungs when the mouth was held closed under the mask in 30 of the remaining 88 patients (34%;expiratory obstruction). This problem persisted despite head tilt and chin lift in all but one patient but was uniformly corrected by opening the mouth. Inspection of the soft palate revealed that it was lying on the posterior pharyngeal wall in 27 of 30 patients with expiratory obstruction and that the retropalatal space was patent in 55 of 58 patients without expiratory obstruction (χ2, P < 0.001). The clinical predictors of expiratory upper airway obstruction included advanced age, large tongue, and large uvula. Conclusion: Expiratory airway obstruction should be suspected in all cases of difficult mask ventilation that cannot be corrected by head tilt and chin lift. Simply allowing the mouth to open between positive pressure breaths will permit gas to exit the lungs.

关键词： Expiration Soft Palate Mask Ventilation

UPDATES ON GUIDELINES OF THE MANAGEMENT OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS

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UPDATES ON GUIDELINES OF THE MANAGEMENT OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS

Detection of apoptosis by RT-PCR array in mefloquine-induced cochlear damage

第一届全国变态反应学术研讨会

作者：王德云 MD PhD Senior Research Scientist Departments of OtolaryngologyNational University of SingaporeSingapore

Allergic rhinitis is a common worldwide disease,which presents with nasalobstruction,rhinorrhea,sneezing and/or itching of the *** is a major airwaydisease,which causes morbidity and significantly impairs a patient function andquality of *** is also associated with other conditions such as asthma,sinusitis,anosmia,otitis media,nasal polyps,lower airway infection and even *** the last few *** guidelines and consensus

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Journal of Otology 2011年第1期6卷 1-9页

作者： DING Da-lian Someya Shinichi JIANG Hai-yan QI Wei-dong YU Dong-zhen Center for Hearing and Deafness State University of New York at Buffalo departments of Aging and Geriatric Research Division of Biology of Aging University of Florida Department of otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Huashan Hospital Affiliated Fudan University Department of otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Six People＇s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences University of Tokyo Department of otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xiangya Hospital of Central South University

Objective To investigate the occurrence and possible mechanisms of apoptosis in cochlear epithelium and spiral ganglion neurons after mefloquine treatment. Methods We used quantitative RT-PCR apoptosis-focused gene arrays （96-well, 84 apoptosis related genes） to assess changes of gene expression in the cochlear basilar membrane （hair cells-supporting cells） and spiral ganglion neurons of rat cochlear organotypic cultures treated with 100 IxM mefloquine for 3 h. Results Significant up-or down-regulation in gene expression was detected in 23 genes in the cochlear basilar membrane, and in 32 genes in the spiral ganglion neurons compared with time-matched controls. The responding genes could be classified as pro-or anti-apoptotic, and were mainly implicated in the Bcl-2, Caspase, Card, IAP, TNF ligand / TNF receptor, Death domain / Death effector domain, DNA damage / p53, and NF-kappa B families. Synthetic analysis suggested that these families could be revised to two major pathways mainly involved in t]he death receptor-mediated signaling pathway and apoptotic mitochondrial pathway. In addition, it was found that numerous anti-apoptotic genes such as Bcl2al, Birclb, Birc3, Birc4, Bnipl, Cflar, II10, Lhx4, Mcll, Nfkbl, Prlr, Prok2, and TNF were greatly up-regulated in the cochlear tissue, which might imply the co-existence of protective response in the ceils at the early stage of mefloquine-induced damage.

关键词： mefloquine ototoxicity apoptosis cochlea spiral ganglion neurons hair cells gene expression

The Use of PET Imaging in the Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer

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The Use of PET Imaging in the Treatment of Head and Neck Can...

Passive eye movements induced by electromagnetic force(EMF) in rats

第四届中国肿瘤学术大会暨第五届海峡两岸肿瘤学术会议

作者： Anniko M Ekberg T Engstrm M Srensen J Blomquist E Sundin A departments of otolaryngology and Head ＆ Neck Surgery:University Hospital（Akademiska sjukhuset） UppsalaSweden departments of otolaryngology and Head ＆ Neck Surgery:University Hospital （Akademiska sjukhuset） UppsalaSweden departments of otolaryngology and Head ＆ Neck Surgery:University Hospital （Akademiska sjukhuset） UppsalaSweden departments of PET Center Imanet:University Hospital （Akademiska sjukhuset） UppsalaSweden departments of Oncology:University Hospital （Akademiska sjukhuset）Uppsala Sweden departments of Radiology University Hospital （Akademiska sjukhuset） UppsalaSweden

＜正＞The combined FDG-PET/CT scan may influence staging of both primary tumours and metastases and also the search for occult primary tumours in patients with neck ***-PET is also utilized for follow - up of clinically cured patients and to detect recurrencies or second primary cancers. However, the FDG-PET analysis is expensive and a cost -benefit analysis has to be performed when introducing a new technology. Other important issues are if there is an obvious clinical benefit of this technique and if it gives an improved therapy for the individual patient.

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Zoological Research 2019年第3期40卷 211-218页

作者： Yue Yu Jun Huang Chun-Ming Zhang Tian-Wen Chen David S.Sandlin Shao-Xun Wang Alberto A.Arteaga Jerome Allison Yang Ou Susan Warren Paul May Hong Zhu Wu Zhou departments of otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson MS 39216USA Department of otolaryngology First Affiliated HospitalShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan Shanxi 030001China MD/PhD Program University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson MS 39216USA Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson MS 39216.USA Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson MS 39216USA Neurology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson MS 39216USA

Accurate information on eye position in the orbit is available from visual feedback,efference copy of the oculomotor commands and proprioceptive signals from the extraocular muscles (EOM).Whereas visual feedback and oculomotor commands have been extensively studied,central processing of EOM proprioceptive signals remains to be elucidated.A challenge to the field is to develop an approach to induce passive eye movements without physically contacting the eyes.A novel method was developed to generate passive eye movements in rats.A small rare-earth magnet disk (0.7 mm diameter,0.5 mm thickness) was attached to the surface of a rat's eyeball.A metal rod (5 mm diameter) wrapped with an electromagnetic (EM) coil was placed near the magnet (8-15 mm).By passing currents to the EM coil,electromagnetic force (EMF) was generated and acted upon the magnet and induced passive eye *** EMF induced well-defined passive eye movements,whose directions were dependent on current polarity and amplitudes and peak velocities were dependent on current intensity and *** velocities of the EMF-induced eye movements were linearly related to amplitudes,exhibiting main sequence relationships similar to that of saccades in awake rats and eye movements induced by electrical microstimulation of the abducens nucleus in anesthetized *** examination showed that repetitive EMF stimulations did not appear to result in damages in the EOM *** results validated the EMF approach as a novel tool to investigate EOM proprioceptive signals and their roles in visual localization and gaze control.

关键词： Eye movement Proprioception Extraocular muscles Stretch reflex

Stem cell biology in thyroid cancer: Insights for novel therapies

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2014年第5期6卷 614-619页

作者： Parisha Bhatia Koji Tsumagari Zakaria Y Abd Elmageed Paul Friedlander Joseph F Buell Emad Kandil departments of Surgery Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans LA 70112 United States departments of otolaryngology Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans LA 70112 United States

Currently, thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine cancer in the United States. A recent involvement of sub-population of stem cells, cancer stem cells, has been proposed in different histological types of thyroid cancer. Because of their ability of self-renewal and differentiation into various specialized cells in the body, these putative cells drive tumor genesis, metastatic activity and are responsible to provide chemo- and radioresistant nature to the cancer cells in the thyroid gland. Our Review was conducted from previously published literature to provide latest apprises to investigate the role of embryonic, somatic and cancer stem cells, and discusses the hypothesis of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Different methods for their identification and isolation through stemness markers using various in vivo and in vitro methods such as flow cytometry, thyrosphere formation assay, aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 efflux-pump mediated Hoechst 33342 dye exclusion have been discussed. The review also outlines various setbacks that still remain to target these tumor initiating cells. Future perspectives of therapeutic strategies and their potential to treat advanced stages of thyroid cancer are also disclosed in this review.

关键词： Stem cells Cancer Stem cells Thyroid Neoplasms Carcinogenesis Cell Differentiation Epithelial-Mesenchymal transition

Compressive Optic Neuropathy Caused by Cholesterol Granuloma in the PosteriorEthmoid Sinus

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Eye Science 2015年第1期30卷 31-33页

作者： Chun-Chih Lin Ting-Kuang Chao Tsu-Hua Chen Jia-Kang Wang departments of otolaryngology Far Eastern Memorial Hospital Department of Ophthalmology Far Eastern Memorial Hospital Department of Medicine National Yang Ming University Department of Healthcare Administration and Department of Nursing Oriental Institute of Technology Department of Medicine National Taiwan University

Purpose:.Cholesterol granuloma is usually associated with chronic middle ear disease..Involvement of the ethmoid sinus by cholesterol granuloma is rare..We describe a case with cholesterol granuloma of the posterior ethmoid sinus causing optic nerve compression..No previous reports were found in our review of the *** report:.A 48-year-old man had impaired visual acuity and a relative afferent pupillary defect in the right eye. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed a swollen optic nerve head and optic disc leakage. Automated perimetry revealed a severe peripheral visual field defect with tunnel vision. Computerized tomography demonstrated an expansile,.isodense mass in the right posterior ethmoid sinus, remodeling of the bony walls of the right sphenoid sinus, and lateral displacement of the optic nerve in the right orbit..Compressive optic neuropathy caused by posterior ethmoid sinus lesion was diagnosed..A transnasal endoscopic exploration of the right ethmoid sinuses demonstrated a soft expansile cystic lesion with a thick yellow cap sule that filled the inside of the posterior ethmoid *** fluid with shiny crystals was drained by fine needle aspiration. The capsule was removed completely, and the mucociliary clearance of the sinus was reestablished..The pathologic pictures confirmed the diagnosis of cholesterol granuloma, which included typical cholesterol clefts surrounded by inflammatory cells with focal multi-nucleated giant cells. Visual function fully recovered without recurrent lesions after a three-year ***:.Compressive optic neuropathy can be rarely caused by cholesterol granuloma in the posterior ethmoid sinus. The visual prognosis may be good after transnasal endoscopic decompression in such patients.

关键词：胆固醇肉芽肿视神经病变诊断依据多核巨细胞文献综述病例报告

lncRNA cytoskeleton regulator RNA(CYTOR):Diverse functions in metabolism,inflammation and tumorigenesis,and potential applications in precision oncology

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第2期10卷 415-429页

作者： Chunlin Ou Xiaoyun He Yong Liu Xin Zhang Department of otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China Department of Pathology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China departments of Ultrasound Imaging Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan 410008China Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province ChangshaHunan 410008China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital) ChangshaHunan 410008China

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are a novel class of non-coding RNA(ncRNA),that have been studied extensively in the field of tumor research in recent *** the case of tumor-associated lncRNAs,lncRNA cytoskeleton regulator RNA(CYTOR)displays extensive functions in tumorigenesis,including invasion,metastasis,malignant proliferation,glycolysis,and inflammatory ***,the dysregulation of CYTOR is closely related to clinicopathological characteristics,such as tumor stage,lymph node metastasis and infiltration,and poor prognosis of tumor *** this review,we provide a novel strategy to summarize the biological functions and clinical value of CYTOR in tumors through an overview of the literature combined with gene set enrichment analysis.A deeper understanding of the role of CYTOR in tumorigenesis may provide new diagnostic,prognostic and therapeutic markers for human tumors.

关键词： CYTOR GSEA Inflammation LncRNAs Therapy Tumorigenesis