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Climate-influenced vector-borne diseases in Africa: a call to empower the next generation of African researchers for sustainable solutions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-10页

作者： Obame-Nkoghe Judica?l Agossou Adjoavi Esse Mboowa Gerald Kamgang Basile Caminade Cyril Duke Dawn C. Githeko Andrew Karanja Ogega Obed M. Elloué Nestor Engone Sarr Fatou Bintou Nkoghe Dieudonné Kengne Pierre Ndam Nicaise T. Paupy Christophe Bockarie Moses Otomo Patricks Voua Community Health Support Program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya The African Academy of Sciences Nairobi Kenya Center for Phylosophical Studies and Research (CERP) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon UMRED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National Parasitic Diseases Control Program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon MIVEGEC Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France MERIT IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Department of Parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana School of Community Health Sciences Njala University Bo Sierra Leone molecular and cellular Biology Laboratory (LabMC) Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ecology and Health Research Unit Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Department of Zoology and Entomology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa Laboratory of Pharmacology and Improved Traditional Medicines Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin The African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data-Intensive Sciences Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth System Physics Department The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Africa Research Excellence Fund Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK

We look at the link between climate change and vector-borne diseases in low- and middle-income countries in Africa. The large endemicity and escalating threat of diseases such as malaria and arboviral diseases, intensified by climate change, disproportionately affects vulnerable communities globally. We highlight the urgency of prioritizing research and development, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to promote adaptation strategies, and the vital role that the next generation of African research leaders will play in addressing these challenges. Despite significant challenges such as funding shortages within countries, various pan-African-oriented funding bodies such as the African Academy of Sciences, the Africa Research Excellence Fund, the Wellcome Trust, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation as well as initiatives such as the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excellence and the Pan-African Mosquito Control Association, have empowered (or are empowering) these researchers by supporting capacity building activities, including continental and global networking, skill development, mentoring, and African-led research. This article underscores the urgency of increased national investment in research, proposing the establishment of research government agencies to drive evidence-based interventions. Collaboration between governments and scientific communities, sustained by pan-African funding bodies, is crucial. Through these efforts, African nations are likely to enhance the resilience and adaptive capacity of their systems and communities by navigating these challenges effectively, fostering scientific excellence and implementing transformative solutions against climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases.

关键词： Climate change Vector-borne diseases Africa Environmental justice Research and development Pan-African funding initiatives

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Role of SREBPs in Liver Diseases: A Mini-review

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第3期6卷 332-338页

作者： Azam Moslehi Zeinab Hamidi-zad Department of physiology Cellular&Molecular Research CenterQom University of Medical SciencesQomIran

Sterol regulator element binding proteins(SREBPs)are a family of transcription factors involved in the biogenesis of cholesterol,fatty acids and triglycerides.They also regulate physiological functions of many organs,such as thyroid,brain,heart,pancreas and hormone synthesis.Beside the physiological effects,SREBPs participate in some pathological processes,diabetes,endoplasmic reticulum stress,atherosclerosis and chronic kidney disease associated with SREBP expression changes.In the liver,SREBPs are involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,hepatitis and hepatic cancer.There are several SREBP inhibitors that have potential for treating obesity,diabetes and cancer.This review assesses the recent findings about the roles of SREBPs in the physiology of organs'function and pathogenesis of liver diseases.

关键词： SREBP Liver Lipid

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Exercise training modulates adipokine dysregulations in metabolic syndrome

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第1期4卷 18-28页

作者： Parvin Babaei Rastegar Hoseini cellular&molecular Research Center School of MedicineGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran Neuroscience Research Center School of MedicineGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran Department of physiology School of MedicineGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran Department of Sports physiology Faculty of Sport SciencesRazi UniversityKermanshahIran

Metabolic syndrome(MetS)is a cluster of risk factors for various metabolic diseases,and it is characterized by central obesity,dyslipidemia,hypertension,and insulin resistance.The core component for MetS is adipose tissue,which releases adipokines and influences physical health.Adipokines consist of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and contribute to various physiological functions.Generally,a sedentary lifestyle promotes fat accumulation and secretion of pro-inflammatory adipokines.However,regular exercise has been known to exert various beneficial effects on metabolic and cognitive disorders.Although the mechanisms underlying exercise beneficial effects in MetS are not fully understood,changes in energy expenditure,fat accumulation,circulatory level of myokines,and adipokines might be involved.This review article focuses on some of the selected adipokines in MetS,and their responses to exercise training considering possible mechanisms.

关键词： Adipokines Insulin resistance Aerobic training Resistance training Metabolic syndrome

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Crystal structure of RNA helicase from Saint Louis encephalitis virus and discovery of its inhibitors

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第2期10卷 389-392页

作者： De-Ping Wang Fang-Ying Jiang Xian-Yan Zeng Yu-Jie Liu Rong Zhao Mei-Yue Wang Jing Luo Chen Chen Yong Zhu Ji-Min Cao Key Laboratory of cellular physiology at Shanxi Medical University Ministry of EducationAnd the Department of PhysiologyShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030001China College of Life Sciences Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Biochemistry and molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China Department of Rheumatology The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030001China

St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) was first recognized in 1933 and caused a major encephalitis epidemic with 1095 clinical cases and 201 deaths in St. Louis, Missouri.1 According to the median values from 2014 to 2018, the percentage of neuroinvasion by SLEV was 62% and the fatality rate was 9% in the United States.2 The clinical symptoms of SLEV infection include neurological abnormalities such as memory loss, disorientation, and meningoencephalitis. Till now, specific treatments including vaccine and drug are unavailable for SLEV infection. It is of particular importance to get prepared for SLEV infection, especially given the currently raging global COVID-19 epidemic.

关键词： encephalitis invasion clinical

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Gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites in cardiovascular diseases

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中华医学杂志（英文版） 2023年第19期136卷 2269-2284页

作者： Xiaofeng Chen Hua Zhang Sichong Ren Yangnan Ding Naznin Sultana Remex Md. Shenuarin Bhuiyan Jiahua Qu Xiaoqiang Tang China 611137 China Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University) National Health Commission of China Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China Sichuan Birth Defects Clinical Research Center West China Second University Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China610041 China 610500 China 450052 Department of molecular and cellular physiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport LA 71103 USA Department of molecular and cellular physiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport LA 71103 USA Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport LA 71103 USA Department of Pathology University of California San Francisco CA 94117 USA

Cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, aneurysm, thrombosis, and hypertension, are a great economic burden and threat to human health and are the major cause of death worldwide. Recently, researchers have begun to appreciate the role of microbial ecosystems within the human body in contributing to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the gut microbiota is closely associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. The gut microbiota functions as an endocrine organ that secretes bioactive metabolites that participate in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis, and their dysfunction can directly influence the progression of cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes the current literature demonstrating the role of the gut microbiota in the development of cardiovascular diseases. We also highlight the mechanism by which well-documented gut microbiota-derived metabolites, especially trimethylamine N-oxide, short-chain fatty acids, and phenylacetylglutamine, promote or inhibit the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of altering the gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites to improve or prevent cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： Gut microbiota Metabolites Heart failure Coronary artery disease Atherosclerosis Aneurysm Thrombosis Hypertension

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Neuronal chemokines:new insights into neuronal communication after injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2379-2380页

作者： Francina Mesquida-Veny Arnau Hervera molecular and cellular Neurobiotechnology Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia(IBEC)BarcelonaSpain Department of Cell Biology Physiology and ImmunologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases(CIBERNED) Institute of Health Carlos ⅢMinistry of Economy and CompetitivenessMadridSpain Institute of Neuroscience University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain

Classically,chemokines were described as small proteins driving leukocyte migration.Nonetheless,more and more studies are showing the great variety of cell functions and tissues in which they participate,including neural cells.During the last years,research has highlighted the importance of chemokines in the nervous system,governing a wide range of processes (MesquidaVeny et al.,2021).This is evidenced for example by the crucial role played by CXCL12 during cortical development,or the homeostatic role of neuronal CX3CL1,preventing microglial activation.We are now certain that many chemokines and their receptors are widely expressed in neurons,and growing evidence has shown them as fundamental players in direct neuronal communication,both during homeostasis and after insult.

关键词： CXCL12 chemokine

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Birds and plastic pollution:recent advances

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 591-599页

作者： Limin Wang Ghulam Nabi Liyun Yin Yanqin Wang Shuxin Li Zhuang Hao Dongming Li Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of molecular and cellular Biology Key Laboratory of Animal PhysiologyBiochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China

Plastic waste and debris have caused substantial environmental pollution globally in the past decades,and they have been accumulated in hundreds of terrestrial and aquatic avian species.Birds are susceptible and vulnerable to external environments;therefore,they could be used to estimate the negative effects of environmental pollution.In this review,we summarize the effects of macroplastics,microplastics,and plastic-derived additives and plastic-absorbed chemicals on birds.First,macroplastics and microplastics accumulate in different tissues of various aquatic and terrestrial birds,suggesting that birds could suffer from the macroplastics and microplastics-associated contaminants in the aquatic and terrestrial environments.Second,the detrimental effects of macroplastics and microplastics,and their derived additives and absorbed chemicals on the individual survival,growth and development,reproductive output,and physiology,are summarized in different birds,as well as the known toxicological mechanisms of plastics in laboratory model mammals.Finally,we identify that human commensal birds,long-life-span birds,and model bird species could be utilized to different research objectives to evaluate plastic pollution burden and toxicological effects of chronic plastic exposure.

关键词： Birds Microplastics pollution Plastics pollution Toxicological effects

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Emerging roles of cardiolipin remodeling in mitochondrial dysfunction associated with diabetes,obesity,and cardiovascular diseases

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2010年第1期24卷 6-15页

作者： Yuguang Shi Department of cellular and molecular physiology,P ennsylvania State University College of Medicine,Hershey,PA 17033,U.S.A. Department of cellular and molecular physiology Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA 17033 U.S.A.

Cardiolipin （CL） is a phospholipid exclusively localized in inner mitochondrial membrane where it is required for oxidative phosphorylation, ATP synthesis, and mitochondrial bioenergetics. The biological functions of CL are thought to depend on its acyl chain composition which is dominated by linoleic acids in metabolically active tissues. This unique feature is not derived from the de novo biosynthesis of CL, rather from a remodeling process that involves in phospholipases and transacylase/acyltransferase. The remodeling process is also believed to be responsible for generation of CL species that causes oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. CL is highly sensitive to oxidative damages by reactive oxygen species （ROS） due to its high content in polyunsaturated fatty acids and location near the site of ROS production. Consequently, pathological remodeling of CL has been implicated in the etiology of mitochondrial dysfunction commonly associated with diabetes, obesity, heart failure, neurodegeneration, and aging that are characterized by oxidative stress, CL deficiency, and abnormal CL species. This review summarizes recent progresses in molecular, enzymatic, lipidomic, and metabolic studies that support a critical regulatory role of pathological CL remodeling as a missing link between oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolic diseases and aging.

关键词： Emerging roles of cardiolipin remodeling in mitochondrial dysfunction associated with diabetes,obesity,and cardiovascular diseases ROS gene

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Nuclear PLD1 combined with NPM1 induces gemcitabine resistance through tumorigenic IL7R in pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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癌症生物学与医学:英文版 2023年第8期20卷 599-626页

作者： Danqi Fu Jingrui Yan Zhaoyu Zhang Yang Liu Xiaoqing Ma Jinsheng Ding Shengyu Yang Ran Zhao Antao Chang Chuntao Gao Jing Liu Tiansuo Zhao Xiuchao Wang Chongbiao Huang Song Gao Ying Ma Bo Tang Yukuan Feng Hongwei Wang Jihui Hao Department of Pancreatic Cancer Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Centre for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin 300060China Department of General Surgery Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical University(Second Military Medical University)Shanghai 200003China Department of cellular and molecular physiology Penn State College of MedicineHersheyPennsylvania 17033USA

Objective:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a highly malignant gastrointestinal cancer with a 5-year survival rate of only 9%.Of PDAC patients,15%-20%are eligible for radical surgery.Gemcitabine is an important chemotherapeutic agent for patients with PDAC;however,the efficacy of gemcitabine is limited due to resistance.Therefore,reducing gemcitabine resistance is essential for improving survival of patients with PDAC.Identifying the key target that determines gemcitabine resistance in PDAC and reversing gemcitabine resistance using target inhibitors in combination with gemcitabine are crucial steps in the quest to improve survival prognosis in patients with PDAC.Methods:We constructed a human genome-wide CRISPRa/dCas 9 overexpression library in PDAC cell lines to screen key targets of drug resistance based on sgRNA abundance and enrichment.Then,co-IP,ChIP,ChIP-seq,transcriptome sequencing,and qPCR were used to determine the specific mechanism by which phospholipase D1(PLD1)confers resistance to gemcitabine.Results:PLD1 combines with nucleophosmin 1(NPM1)and triggers NPM1 nuclear translocation,where NPM1 acts as a transcription factor to upregulate interleukin 7 receptor(IL7R)expression.Upon interleukin 7(IL-7)binding,IL7R activates the JAK1/STAT5 signaling pathway to increase the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein,BCL-2,and induce gemcitabine resistance.The PLD1 inhibitor,Vu0155069,targets PLD1 to induce apoptosis in gemcitabine-resistant PDAC cells.Conclusions:PLD1 is an enzyme that has a critical role in PDAC-associated gemcitabine resistance through a non-enzymatic interaction with NPM1,further promoting the downstream JAK1/STAT5/Bcl-2 pathway.Inhibiting any of the participants of this pathway can increase gemcitabine sensitivity.

关键词： Gemcitabine resistance pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma phospholipase D1 nucleophosmin 1 CRISPRa library

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Exosomes as mediators of neuron-glia communication in neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 796-801页

作者： María Pascual Francesc Ibánez Consuelo Guerri Department of molecular and cellular Pathology of Alcohol Príncipe Felipe Research CenterValenciaSpain Department of physiology School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain

In recent years,a type of extracellular vesicles named exosomes has emerged that play an important role in intercellular communication under physiological and pathological conditions.These nanovesicles (30–150 nm) contain proteins,RNAs and lipids,and their internalization by bystander cells could alter their normal functions.This review focuses on recent knowledge about exosomes as messengers of neuron-glia communication and their participation in the physiological and pathological functions in the central nervous system.Special emphasis is placed on the role of exosomes under toxic or pathological stimuli within the brain,in which the glial exosomes containing inflammatory molecules are able to communicate with neurons and contribute to the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative disorders.Given the small size and characteristics of exosomes,they can cross the blood-brain barrier and be used as biomarkers and diagnosis for brain disorders and neuropathologies.Finally,although the application potential of exosome is still limited,current studies indicate that exosomes represent a promising strategy to gain pathogenic information to identify therapeutically targets and biomarkers for neurological disorders and neuroinflammation.

关键词： biomarkers exosomes glial cells neuroinflammation neuron-glia commuication neurons neuropathology therapy

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