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Double-side role of short chain fatty acids on host health via the gut-organ axes

animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 322-339页

作者： Yanan Gao Qianqian Yao Lu Meng Jiaqi Wang Nan Zheng Key Laboratory of Quality&Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China department of food science Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of LiègeLiège 4000Belgium

Short chain fatty acids(SCFA)exist in dietary foods and are produced by the fermentation of gut microbiota,and are considered an important element for regulating host *** blood circulation,SCFA produced in the gut and obtained from foods have an impact on the intestinal health as well as vital organs of the *** has been recognized that the gut is the“vital organ”in the *** the gut microbial metabolites,SCFA could create an“axis”connecting the gut and to other ***,the“gut-organ axes”have become a focus of research in recent years to analyze organism *** this review,we summarized the sources,absorption properties,and the function of SCFA in both gut and other peripheral tissues(brain,kidney,liver,lung,bone and cardiovascular)in the way of“gut-organ axes”.Short chain fatty acids exert both beneficial and pathological role in gut and other organs in various ways,in which the beneficial effects are more *** addition,the beneficial effects are reflected in both preventive and therapeutic *** importantly,the mechanisms behinds the gut and other tissues provided insight into the function of SCFA,assisting in the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for maintaining the host health.

关键词： Short chain fatty acid Intestinal barrier Gut-organ axis Host health Beneficial effect Pathological effect

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Postbiotics from Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation stabilize microbiota in rumen liquid digesta during grain-based subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA) in lactating dairy cows

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2059-2080页

作者： Junfei Guo Zhengxiao Zhang Le Luo Guan Ilkyu Yoon Jan C.Plaizier Ehsan Khafipour department of animal science University of ManitobaWinnipegMB R3T 2N2Canada Present Address:College of food and Biological Engineering Jimei UniversityXiamenFujian 361021China department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition DepartmentUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada Faculty of Land and food Systems University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Diamond V Cedar RapidsIA 52404United States Present Address:Cargill animal Nutrition 15407 McGinty Road WestWayzataMN 55391USA

Background Subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA)is a common metabolic disorder of high yielding dairy cows,and it is associated with dysbiosis of the rumen and gut microbiome and host *** study evaluated the impact of two postbiotics from Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products(SCFP)on rumen liquid associated microbiota of lactating dairy cows subjected to repeated grain-based SARA challenges.A total of 32 rumen cannulated cows were randomly assigned to 4 treatments from 4 weeks before until 12 weeks after *** groups included a Control diet or diets supplemented with postbiotics(SCFPa,14 g/d original XPC;SCFPb-1X,19 g/d Nutri Tek;SCFPb-2X,38 g/d Nutri Tek,Diamond V,Cedar Rapids,IA,USA).Grain-based SARA challenges were conducted during week 5(SARA1)and week 8(SARA2)after parturition by replacing 20%DM of the base total mixed ration(TMR)with pellets containing 50%ground barley and 50%ground *** DNA from rumen liquid samples was subjected to V3–V416S r RNA gene amplicon *** of rumen microbiota were compared among treatments and SARA *** Both SARA challenges reduced the diversity and richness of rumen liquid microbiota,altered the overall composition(β-diversity),and its predicted functionality including carbohydrates and amino acids metabolic *** SARA challenges also reduced the number of significant associations among different taxa,number of hub taxa and their composition in the microbial co-occurrence *** with SCFP postbiotics,in particular SCFPb-2X,enhanced the robustness of the rumen *** SCFP supplemented cows had less fluctuation in relative abundances of community members when exposed to SARA *** SCFP supplementation promoted the populations of lactate utilizing and fibrolytic bacteria,including members of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae,and also increased the numbers of hub taxa during non-SARA and SARA *** with S

关键词： Postbiotics Rumen microbiota Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products SARA

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Embryonic thermal manipulation:a potential strategy to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens for sustainable poultry production

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1347-1375页

作者： Sadid Al Amaz Birendra Mishra department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Due to high environmental temperatures and climate change, heat stress is a severe concern for poultry health and production, increasing the propensity for food insecurity. With climate change causing higher temperatures and erratic weather patterns in recent years, poultry are increasingly vulnerable to this environmental stressor. To mitigate heat stress, nutritional, genetic, and managerial strategies have been implemented with some success. However, these strategies did not adequately and sustainably reduce the heat stress. Therefore, it is crucial to take proactive measures to mitigate the effects of heat stress on poultry, ensuring optimal production and promoting poultry well-being. Embryonic thermal manipulation(TM) involves manipulating the embryonic environment's temperature to enhance broilers' thermotolerance and growth performance. One of the most significant benefits of this approach is its cost-effectiveness and saving time associated with traditional management practices. Given its numerous advantages, embryonic TM is a promising strategy for enhancing broiler production and profitability in the poultry industry. TM increases the standard incubation temperature in the mid or late embryonic stage to induce epigenetic thermal adaption and embryonic metabolism. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the available literature and scientific evidence of the beneficial effect of pre-hatch thermal manipulation on broiler health and performance.

关键词： Broiler Embryo Epigenetics Global warming Thermoregulation

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Pre‑hatch thermal manipulation of embryos and post‑hatch baicalein supplementation mitigated heat stress in broiler chickens

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1071-1085页

作者： Sadid Al Amaz Ajay Chaudhary Prem Lal Mahato Rajesh Jha Birendra Mishra department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawai’i at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background High environmental temperatures induce heat stress in broiler chickens,affecting their health and pro-duction *** dietary,managerial,and genetics strategies have been tested with some success in mitigating heat stress(HS)in *** novel HS mitigation strategies for sustaining broiler production is critically *** study investigated the effects of pre-hatch thermal manipulation(TM)and post-hatch baica-lein supplementation on growth performance and health parameters in heat-stressed *** Six hundred fertile Cobb 500 eggs were incubated for 21 *** candling on embryonic day(ED)10,238 eggs were thermally manipulated at 38.5℃ with 55%relative humidity(RH)from ED 12 to 18,then transferred to the hatcher(ED 19 to 21,standard temperature)and 236 eggs were incubated at a controlled temperature(37.5℃)till *** hatch,180-day-old chicks from both groups were raised in 36 pens(n=10 birds/pen,6 replicates per treatment).The treatments were:1)Control,2)TM,3)control heat stress(CHS),4)thermal manipulation heat stress(TMHS),5)control heat stress supplement(CHSS),and 6)thermal manipulation heat stress supplement(TMHSS).All birds were raised under the standard environment for 21 d,followed by chronic heat stress from d 22 to 35(32–33℃ for 8 h)in the CHS,TMHS,CHSS,and TMHSS groups.A thermoneutral(22–24℃)environment was maintained in the Control and TM *** was constant(50%±5%)throughout the *** the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in R and GraphPad software at P<0.05 and are presented as mean±*** stress significantly decreased(P<0.05)the final body weight and ADG in CHS and TMHS groups compared to the other *** TM significantly increased(P<0.05)the expression of heat shock protein-related genes(HSP70,HSP90,and HSPH1)and antioxidant-related genes(GPX1 and TXN).TMHS birds showed a significant increment(P<0.05)in total cecal volatile fatty acid(VFA)concentration compared to the CHS bird

关键词： Baicalein Growth performance Gut microbiota Heat stress Thermal manipulation

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Investigation of HCAR2 antagonists as a potential strategy to modulate bovine leukocytes

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1567-1577页

作者： Laman K.Mamedova Kirby C.Krogstad Paiton O.McDonald Laxman Pokhrel Duy H.Hua Evan C.Titgemeyer Barry J.Bradford department of animal science Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan 48824USA department of animal sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology East LansingMI 48824USA department of Chemistry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Background Dairy cows experiencing ketosis after calving suffer greater disease incidence and are at greater risk of leaving the herd. In vitro administration of beta-hydroxybutyric acid(BHBA;the primary blood ketone) has inhibitory effects on the function of bovine leukocytes. BHBA is a ligand of HCAR2 and the activation of these receptors promotes an anti-inflammatory response which may be related with immunosuppression observed in transition dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to identify and test antagonists for HCAR2 in bovine immune cells cultured with *** We observed expression of HCAR2 at the protein level within lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes. The proportion of cells expressing HCAR2 tended to be greater in mid-lactation compared to early lactation cows;the increase was a result of increased proportion of T and B cells expressing HCAR2. Stimulation of HCAR2 with niacin or BHBA promoted Ca^(2+) mobilization in neutrophils and mononuclear cells. Mononuclear cells treated with BHBA had diminished intracellular Ca^(2+) responses when HCAR2 was knocked down by si RNA silencing, indicating Ca^(2+) mobilization was mediated by HCAR2 signaling. Two candidate antagonists for HCAR2, synthesized from niacin(NA-1 and NA-5), were tested;monocytes and neutrophils pre-treated with NA-1 and NA-5 had reduced Ca^(2+) mobilization after incubation with BHBA. Furthermore, NA-5 but not NA-1 prevented BHBA-associated reductions in cyclic *** We demonstrated that HCAR2 is present on bovine leukocytes and has greater expression later in lactation. We confirmed that BHBA and niacin derived HCAR2 antagonists alter bovine leukocyte activity. Our results demonstrate that both BHBA and niacin affect bovine leukocyte Ca^(2+) mobilization in a HCAR2-dependent manner.

关键词： Flow cytometry GPR109A HM74A Ketosis

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Umami taste components in chicken-spices blends and potential effect of aroma on umami taste intensity

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1220-1230页

作者： Rani Andaleeb Yiwen Zhu Ninglong Zhang Danni Zhang Muzahir Hussain Yin Zhang Yingshuang Lu Yuan Liu department of food science&Technology School of Agriculture&BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Tianjin Key Laboratory of food science and Health School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China MoBiofood Research Group Department of Biochemistry and BiotechnologyUniversitat Rovirai VirgiliTarragona 43007Spain animal Nutrition Institut de Recercai Tecnologia Agroalimentàries(IRTA)Centre Mas BovéConstantí43120Spain Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

In this study,umami taste intensity(UTI)and umami taste components in chicken breast(CB)and chickenspices blends were characterized using sensory and instrumental *** main objective was to assess the aroma-umami taste interactions in different food matrices and reconcile the aroma-taste perception to assist future product *** impact of key aroma,including vegetable-note"2-pentylfuran",meaty"methional",green"hexanal",and spicy-note-estragole and caryophyllene"on UTI was evaluated in monosodium glutamate and chicken *** found that spices significantly decreased UTI and umami taste components in ***,the perceptually similar odorants and tastants exhibited the potential to enhance UTI in food *** was able to increase the UTI,whereas spicy and green-note components could reduce the UTI *** information would be valuable to food engineers and formulators in aroma selection to control the UTI perceived by consumers,thus,improving the quality and acceptability of the chicken products.

关键词： Chicken-spices blends Umami taste components Aroma-taste interactions Perceptual similarity Umami taste intensity

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Alleviatory effect of isoquercetin on benign prostatic hyperplasia via IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1698-1710页

作者： Young-Jin Choi Meiqi Fan Nishala Erandi Wedamulla Yujiao Tang Eun-Kyung Kim department of food science and Nutrition Dong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials Brain Busan 21 Plus programDong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea department of Health sciences the Graduate School of Dong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Division of food Bioscience College of Biomedical and Health SciencesKonkuk UniversityChungju 27478Republic of Korea department of Export Agriculture Faculty of Animal Science and Export AgricultureUva Wellassa UniversityBadulla 90000Sri Lanka School of Bio-science and food Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130600China Nutritional Education Major Graduate School of EducationDong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Nutrinomics Lab.Co. Ltd.Busan 49315Republic of Korea

We evaluated the effect of isoquercetin(quercetin-O-3-glucoside-quercetin,IQ)as a functional component of Abeliophyllum disistichum Nakai ethanol extract(ADLE)on prostate cell proliferation and apoptosis and its effects on the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Metabolites in ADLE were analyzed using UHPLC-qTOF-MS and *** was orally administered(1 or 10 mg/kg)to a testosterone propionate-induced BPH rat model,and its effects on the prostate weight were *** effect of IQ on androgen receptor(AR)signaling was analyzed in LNCaP *** IGF-1 and IQ affect the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in BPH-1 cells was also *** metabolites in ADLE were identified and quantified,which confirmed that ADLE contained abundant IQ(20.88 mg/g).IQ significantly reduced the prostate size in a concentration-dependent manner in a BPH rat model,and significantly decreased the expression of AR signaling factors in the rat prostate tissue and LNCaP cells in a concentration-dependent *** also inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activated by IGF-1 treatment in BPH-1 *** BPH-1 cells,IQ led to G0/G1 arrest and suppressed the expression of proliferation factors while inducing ***,IQ shows potential for use as a pharmaceutical and nutraceutical for BPH.

关键词： Isoquercetin Benign prostatic hyperplasia Androgen receptor signaling PI3K/Akt/mtor pathway

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Targeting gut microbiota in osteoporosis:impact of the microbial based functional food ingredients

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： Pauline Duffuler Khushwant S.Bhullar Jianping Wu department of Agricultural food&Nutritional science University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2P5Canada

Osteoporosis is the most common bone disorder,characterized by low bone mineral density and microarchitectural deterioration of the bone tissue,which increases the susceptibility to *** the past decade,emerging research findings reported the implication of gut microbiota on bone health and osteoporosis *** patients or individuals with a lower bone mineral density exhibit an alteration of the gut microbiota at several taxonomic *** reports demonstrate that gut microbiota regulates bone metabolism through the modulation of the gut function(mineral availability and absorption,gut integrity),the immune system,and the endocrine ***,based on the vital role of gut microbiota on bone health,it has emerged as a novel therapeutic target for the prevention of bone loss and the treatment of ***-based functional food ingredients,such as probiotics,prebiotics,synbiotics,and fermented foods,have been developed to alter the gut microbiota composition and function and thus,to provide benefits to the host bone *** promising initial results,microbial-based therapies are still under ***,additional animal studies and clinical trials are needed to understand the interactions between gut microbiota and bone metabolism before further applications.

关键词： Dysbiosis Bone health Probiotic Prebiotic Fermented food Synbiotic

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Betalains protect various body organs through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways

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food science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1109-1117页

作者： Nilesh Prakash Nirmal Seema Medhe Merina Dahal Pankaj Koirala Siriwan Nirmal Fahad Al-Asmari Baojun Xu Institute of Nutrition Mahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom 73170Thailand department of Nutrition and Dietetics Central Campus of TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 46000Nepal department of Adult Nursing Faculty of NursingBurapha UniversityChonburi 20131Thailand department of food science and Nutrition College of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa 31982Saudi Arabia food science and Technology Program Department of Life SciencesBNU-HKBU United International CollegeZhuhai 519088China

Betalains are natural coloring pigments with betalamic acid as the core structure of all *** their coloring properties,betalains exhibit various biological activities,including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,which are highly *** in-vivo studies reported that betalains protect various body organs,leading to health *** organs,including the heart,liver,kidney,lung,etc.,are important for a healthy ***,these organs can be affected or damaged by various stress factors,toxicants,and harmful *** studies have claimed that betalains could protect all vital organs of the body through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory *** review article described the in-vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of betalains in various cell-line or animal models.A comprehensive discussion has been provided on the mechanism of action of betalains in protecting various body organs,including cardio-protective effect,hepato-protective ability,renal protection capacity,repro-protective ability,neuro-protective effect,lung protection,and gut protection ***,future research directions and conclusions have been outlined.

关键词： Betalains Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory Bioactivities Ogans-protection

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A perspective review on the biosynthesis of plant-based secondary metabolites and their application as potent drugs

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BIOCELL 2024年第4期48卷 541-557页

作者： JHILAM PRAMANIK AKASH KUMAR SARVESH RUSTAGI MEHAK KATYAL SHEETAL THAKUR JUTISHNA BORA SUMIRA MALIK ANCHAL TREHAN NAYAN TALUKDAR PETR SLAMA department of food Technology ITM UniversityGwaliorIndia department of food Technology SRM UniversitySonipatIndia department of food Technology Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia department of Nutrition and Dietetics Manav Rachna International Institute of Research&Studies(MRIIRS)FaridabadIndia University Centre for Research and Development UIBTChandigarh UniversityMohaliIndia Amity institute of Biotechnology Amity UniversityJharkhandRanchiIndia department of Biotechnology University Center for Research&Development(UCRD)Chandigarh UniversityMohaliPunjabIndia department of science Guru Nanak College of Pharmaceutical SciencesDehradunIndia Program of Biotechnology Faculty of ScienceAssam down town UniversityGuwahatiIndia department of animal Morphology Physiology and GeneticsMendel University in BrnoBrnoCzech Republic

Many phytochemicals and their derived metabolites produced by plants are extensively employed in commercial goods,pharmaceutical products as well as in the environmental and medicalﬁ***,these secondary metabolites obtained from plants are in low amounts,and it is difﬁcult to synthesize them at the industrial *** these challenges,they may be utilized for a variety of medicinal products that are either available in the market or are being researched and *** metabolites are complex compounds that exhibit ***,under controlled conditions with elicitors,desired secondary metabolites may be produced from plant cell *** review emphasizes the various aspects of secondary metabolites including their types,synthesis,and applications as medicinal *** article aims to promote the use of plant secondary metabolites in the management and treatment of various diseases.

关键词： Secondary metabolites Medicinal plant Synthesis Health benefits

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