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Atmospheric iron deposition in a megacity of northwest China:Solubility,speciation,and deposition fluxes

Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 383-393页

作者： Xiaotao Yang Pingping Liu Zhiwei Xue Hao Zhang Xuan Li Hongmei Xu Zhenxing Shen department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary National Key R&D of China Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'anChina No.203 Research Institute of Nuclear Industry Xi'an710086China Xi'an Environmental Monitoring Station Xi'an 710054China

Atmospheric iron has crucial effects on biogeochemical cycles,atmospheric processing,global climate,and human *** this study,atmospheric dustfall samples were collected from six functional areas in Xi'an,China,from 2020 to *** spatiotemporal distributions and deposition fluxes of total and water-soluble(ws)Fe as well as the speciation and potential sources of ws-Fe were *** areas had the highest concentrations of total Fe and ws-Fe,which were mainly due to copious emissions of heavy metals during *** total Fe concentrations peaked in spring,primarily due to the substantial input of crustal dust,which also led to the lowest Fe solubility in this *** contrast,the highest levels of ws-Fe occurred during winter due to an increase in biomass *** the water-soluble forms,ws-Fe(II)was dominant and accounted for 74.8%of the total amount of *** dust was the main contributor to total Fe,whereas biomass burning primarily contributed to peak ws-Fe *** average total and ws-Fe deposition fluxes in Xi'an were the highest in spring and lowest in autumn,which were related to the distributions of the dustfall deposition fluxes and their Fe contents during these *** study provided a broader and comprehensive understanding of atmospheric iron deposition in Chinese urban area,which is of positive significance for understanding atmospheric chemistry and global climate change.

关键词： Atmospheric dustfall Iron Speciation distribution Seasonal variation Functional area Sources

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Assessing Vulnerability to Drought Based on Exposure,Sensitivity and Adaptive Capacity:A Case Study in Middle Inner Mongolia of China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2013年第1期23卷 13-25页

作者： LIU Xiaoqian WANG Yanglin PENG Jian Ademola K BRAIMOH YIN He Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes Ministry of EducationCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking University global Land Project Sapporo Nodal OfficeHokkaido University Geomatics Laboratory Geography DepartmentHumboldt-Universitt zu BerlinBerlin 10099Germany

In this paper,we proposed a framework for evaluating the performance of ecosystem strategies prepared for enhancing vulnerability reduction in the face of hazards due to climate *** framework highlights the positive effects of human activities in the coupled human and natural system(CHANS) by introducing adaptive capacity as an evaluation criterion.A built-in regional vulnerability to a certain hazard was generated based upon interaction of three dimensions of vulnerability:exposure,sensitivity and adaptive *** illustrated the application of this framework in the temperate farming-grazing transitional zone in the middle Inner Mongolia of the northern China,where drought hazard is the key threat to the *** indices were produced to translate such climate variance and social-economic differences into specific *** results showed that the most exposed regions are the inner land areas,while counties located in the eastern part are potentially the most adaptive *** City and Bayannur City are most frequently influenced by multiple climate variances,showing highest *** also indicated that differences in the ability to adapt to changes are the main causes of spatial *** depiction of the spatial differentiations and analysis of the reasons,climate zones were divided to depict the differences in facing to the drought *** climate zones were shown to be similar to vulnerability zones based on the quantitative structure of indexes drafted by a triangular *** analysis of the composition of the vulnerability index showed that the evaluation criteria were effective in validating the spatial differentiation but potentially ineffective because of their limited time *** research will be a demonstration of how to combine the three dimensions by quantitative methods and will thus provide a guide for government to vulnerability reduction management.

关键词： vulnerability assessment standardized precipitation index (SPI) exposure sensitivity adaptive capacity

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Advanced wind turbine blade inspection with hyperspectral imaging and 3D convolutional neural networks for damage detection

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 528-537页

作者： Patrick Rizk Frederic Rizk Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi Adrian Ilinca Rafic Younes Jihan Khoder department of Mechanical Engineering Universitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresDrummondvilleQCCanada Centre national intégrédu manufacturier intelligent(CNIMI) Universitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresDrummondvilleQCCanada department of Mathematics Computer Science and EngineeringUniversitédu QuébecàRimouski300 allée des UrsulinesRimouskiQCG5L3A1Canada The Center for Advanced Computer Studies University of Louisiana at LafayetteLafayetteLAUSA T3E Industrial Research Group Mechanical Engineering DepartmentÉcole de Technologie Supérieure1100 Notre-Dame St WMontréalQC H3C 1K3Canada Faculty of Engineering Third BranchLebanese UniversityHadathBeirutLebanon LISV Laboratory University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines10-12 Avenue de l'Europe78140VélizyFrance

In the context of global efforts to mitigate climate change by pursuing sustainable energy sources, wind energy has emerged as a critical contributor. However, the wind energy industry faces substantial challenges in maintaining and preserving the integrity of wind turbine blades. Timely and accurate detection and classification of blade faults, encompassing issues such as cracks, erosion, and ice buildup, are imperative to uphold wind turbines' ongoing efficiency and safety. This study introduces an inventive approach that amalgamates hyperspectral imaging and 3D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to augment the precision and efficiency of wind turbine blade fault detection and classification. Hyperspectral imaging is harnessed to capture comprehensive spectral information from blade surfaces, facilitating exact fault identification. The process is streamlined through Incremental Principal Component Analysis (IPCA), reducing data dimensions while maintaining integrity. The 3D CNN model demonstrates remarkable performance, achieving high accuracy in detecting all fault categories in full-band hyperspectral images. The model retains high accuracy even with dimensionality reduction to 20 spectral bands. The reduced processing time of the 20-band image enhances the practicality of real-world applications, thereby reducing downtime and maintenance expenditures. This research represents a significant advancement in wind turbine blade inspection, contributing to the sustainability and dependability of wind energy systems and furthering the cause of a cleaner and more sustainable energy future as part of the broader fight against climate change.

关键词： blade thereby turbine

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Trapped in Tremendous Congestion:Can Beijing Find a Road Towards Harmonious and Sustainable Transport?

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China City Planning Review 2012年第4期21卷 39-47页

作者： Felix Creutzig ZHOU Jiangping Maximilian Thess Michael Replogle department Economics of Climate change Technische Universitt Berlin department of Community and Regional Planning Iowa State University Institute for Transportation and Development Policy(ITDP)

Beijing's congestion and air pollution is infamous among local residents and *** rising car ownership demonstrates increased material well-being,and is a show-case of the Chinese economic miracle,car driving in the dense urban fabric of Beijing deteriorates the efficiency of transport,local public health and quality of life,and contributes to human-made global *** social disbenefits of significantly increased use of cars in Beijing most likely outweigh the benefits of increased *** municipal authorities are clearly aware of this challenge,and many policy instruments are being implemented to reduce the burden of car traffic for residents and transport users *** partial improvements are visible,current measures have not been sufficient to manage growing transport *** further initiatives,present trends point to further deterioration in transport system efficiency and quality of *** paper demonstrates the potential benefits of more effective transport demand management,integrated public transit provision,land use planning and car pricing,which together could help make Beijing a city of harmonious and sustainable transport.

关键词： Beijing traffic congestion emission management policy

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human activities aggravate nitrogen-deposition pollution to inland water over China

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National Science Review 2020年第2期7卷 430-440页

作者： Yang Gao Feng Zhou Philippe Ciais Chiyuan Miao Tao Yang Yanlong Jia Xudong Zhou Butterbach-Bahl Klaus Tiantian Yang Guirui Yu Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CEA CNRS UVSQ State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Center for Global Change and Water Cycle Hohai University Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research Atmospheric Environmental Research Karlsruhe Institute of Technology department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California

In the past three decades, China has built more than 87 000 dams with a storage capacity of ≈6560 km3and the total surface area of inland water has increased by 6672 km2. Leaching of N from fertilized soils to rivers is the main source of N pollution in China, but the exposure of a growing inland water area to direct atmospheric N deposition and N leaching caused by N deposition on the terrestrial ecosystem, together with increased N deposition and decreased N flow, also tends to raise N concentrations in most inland waters. The contribution of this previously ignored source of N deposition to freshwaters is estimated in this study, as well as mitigation strategies. The results show that the annual amounts of N depositions ranged from 4.9 to 16.6 kg · ha-1· yr-1in the 1990 s to exceeding 20 kg · ha-1· yr-1in the 2010 s over most of regions in China, so the total mass of N(the net contribution of N deposition to the increase in N concentration) for lakes, rivers and reservoirs change from 122.26 Gg N · yr-1in the 1990 s to 237.75 Gg N· yr-1in the 2010 s. It is suggested that reducing the N deposition from various sources, shortening the water-retention time in dams and decreasing the degree of regulation for rivers are three main measures for preventing a continuous increase in the N-deposition pollution to inland water in China.

关键词： N deposition N concentration dam water area human activity

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Intensities of human disturbance dictate the floral diversity in tropical forest:the case of a secondary forest in Benguet, Philippines

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第6期20卷 1575-1588页

作者： Domelson A.BALANGEN Melchor S.CATONES Jane M.BAYENG Jones T.NAPALDET global Inclusive Solution Environmental Consulting Services La TrinidadBenguet 2601Philippines Graduate School University of the Philippines Los BanosLaguna 4030Philippines Chemistry department Benguet State UniversityLa TrinidadBenguet 2601Philippines Biology department Benguet State UniversityLa TrinidadBenguet 26o1Philippines

This study inventoried the floral diversity of a secondary forest in Tuba,Benguet,Philippines as affected by different intensities of human *** study is unique from other land use studies in Southeast Asia in having conventional farms as the most disturbed land use while other sites have oil palm plantations.A total of 267 species belonging to 222 genera and 78 families was *** showed that the level of human disturbance is the major factor affecting the floral diversity while the effect of elevation is *** level of human disturbance is significantly associated with species richness,species composition,dominant species and biodiversity *** human disturbance,as in the case of conventional farms,results in lower species richness,predominantly weed composition,dominant weed species and lower biodiversity *** the other hand,lesser human disturbance(as in the case of secondary forest)leads to higher species richness,greater native species composition,dominance of indigenous species,and higher diversity *** most disturbed land use experienced the greatest loss of species richness,change in floristic composition and vegetation structure,as well as a shift from native to alien-dominated plant *** results showed that the effect of land use change is not limited to species richness but also to species composition,dominant species and biodiversity ***,the study is an important baseline data for biodiversity conservation of the Marcos Highway Watershed Forest Reserve.

关键词： Land use change Secondary forest Conventional farming Endemic species Exotic species

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A multiple-proxy stalagmite record reveals historical deforestation in central Shandong, northern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第11期63卷 1622-1632页

作者： Liangcheng TAN Wen LIU Tianli WANG Peng CHENG Jingjie ZANG Xiqian WANG Le MA Dong LI Jianghu LAN R.Lawrence EDWARDS Hai CHENG Hai XU Li AI Yongli GAO Yanjun CAI State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and global change Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Institute of global Environmental change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Open Studio for Oceanic-Continental Climate and Environment changes Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266061China 801 Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology&Mineral ResourcesJinan 250014China Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater Jinan 250014China Library of Chang’an University Xi’an 710064China department of Earth Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455USA School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210097China Institute of Surface-Earth System Science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China department of Geological Sciences University of Texas at San AntonioSan Antonio TX 78249USA

Evaluating anthropogenic impacts on regional vegetation changes during historical time is not only important for a better understanding of the Anthropocene but also valuable in improving the vegetation-climate *** this study,we analyzed stable isotopes(δ^18O,δ^13C)and trace elements(Mg/Ca,Sr/Ca)of a stalagmite from Huangchao Cave in central Shandong,northern China.230Th and AMS14C dating results indicate the stalagmite deposited during 174BC and AD1810,with a hiatus between AD638 and *** similarities of theδ^18O and trace elements in the stalagmite suggest they are reliable precipitation ***δ^13C of the stalagmite,a proxy of vegetation change,was generally consistent with local precipitation and temperature variations on a centennial-scale before the 15th *** typically varied from–9.6‰to–6.3‰,indicating climate controlled C3 type vegetation during this ***,a persistent and marked increasing trend in theδ^13C record was observed since the 15th century,resulting inδ^13C values from–7.7‰to–1.6‰in the next four *** unprecedentedδ^13C change caused by vegetation deterioration cannot be explained by climate change but is fairly consistent with the dramatically increasing population and farmland in *** suggest that the increasing deforestation and reclamation in central Shandong began to affect vegetation in the mountain region of central Shandong since the 15th century and severely destroyed or even cleared the forest during the 16th–18th century.

关键词： Speleothem Stable isotopes Trace elements Deforestation human activity 16th century

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Rosmarinic acid regulates lipid accumulation through lipid metabolism and anti-inflammatory

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Food Science and human Wellness 2024年

作者： Chunxiu Lin Zhuobin Li Yun Chen Jingrui Luo Guo Liu Chitang Ho Yong Cao Yunjiao Chen Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods， College of Food Science， South China Agricultural University Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture department of Food Science， Rutgers University New Brunswick

Obesity caused by poor eating habits has become a global public health issue and harms human health. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural active substance with many biological functions like antioxidant. However， the function of RA’s lipid-lowering effect and mechanism are not entirely clear. This study aimed to explore the effect of RA on obesity and its action mechanism in Caenorhabditis elegans. RA not only alleviated intestinal inflammation and change the composition of unsaturated fatty acid， but also decreased fat storage and adjusted the size and quantity of fat droplets without threatening development and reproduction or affecting energy intake. In addition， RA improved the integrity of intestinal barrier function in C. elegans. RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR comprehensively revealed that the lipid-lowering mechanism mediated by RA might involve lipid metabolism and anti-inflammatory pathways. Among them， RA regulates lipid metabolism by reducing fat synthesis through SBP-1and increasing fatty acid β-oxidation via NHR-49. Furthermore， the anti-inflammatory pathway was associated with RA’s enhancement of the ratio of unsaturated fatty acid and alleviation of inflammatory reactions caused by PAO1. Therefore， RA regulated lipid metabolism and relieved inflammation， which had the potential for dietary supplements or functional foods.

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Evolutionary responses to climate change and contaminants： Evidence and experimental approaches

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 690-701页

作者： David A. KIMBERLY department of Biology Westminster College 442 Meldrum Science Center Salt Lake City UT 84105 USA department of Environmental Toxicology The Institute of Environmental and Human Health Texas Tech University 1207 Gilbert Drive Lubbock Texas 79416 USA Environmental Science and Studies Program Towson University 8000 York Rd. Towson MD 21252 USA

A fundamental objective within ecotoxicology lies in understanding and predicting effects of contaminants. This ob- jective is made more challenging when global climate change is considered as an environmental stress that co-occurs with con- taminant exposure. In this multi-stressor context, evolutionary processes are particularly important. In this paper, we consider several non-＂omic＂ approaches wherein evolutionary responses to stress have been studied and discuss those amenable to a mul- tiple stressor context. Specifically, we discuss common-garden designs, artificial and quasi-natural selection, and the estimation of adaptive potential using quantitative genetics as methods for studying evolutionary responses to contaminants and climate change in the absence of expensive molecular tools. While all approaches shed light on potential evolutionary impacts of stressor exposure, they also have limitations. These include logistical constraints, difficulty extrapolating to real systems, and responses tied strongly to specific taxa, populations, and/or testing conditions. The most effective way to lessen these inherent limitations is likely through inclusion of complementary physiological and molecular tools, when available. We believe that an evolutionary context to the study of contaminants and global climate change is a high priority in ecotoxicology and we outline methods that can be implemented by almost any researcher but will also provide valuable insights [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 690-701, 2015].

关键词： Climate change Multiple stressors Adaptation Experimental evolution Quantitative genetics

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Proteome-wide screening for the analysis of protein targeting of Chlamydia pneumoniae in endoplasmic reticulum of host cells and their possible implication in lung cancer development

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BIOCELL 2022年第1期46卷 87-95页

作者： YANYAN LI SHAHANAVAJ KHAN ANIS AHMAD CHAUDHARY HASSAN AHMED RUDAYNI ABDUL MALIK ASHWAG SHAMI department of Oncology Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450007China department of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia department of Biosciences Shri Ram Group of College(SRGC)Muzaffarnagar251001India department of Health Sciences Novel Global Community Educational FoundationSydneyAustralia department of Biology College of ScienceImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSUI)Riyadh11623Saudi Arabia department of Biology College of SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11617Saudi Arabia

Available reports have confirmed a link between bacterial infection and the progression of different types of cancers,including colon,lungs,and prostate *** we report the Chlamydia pneumonia proteins targeting in endoplasmic reticulum(ER)using in-silico approaches and their possible role in lung cancer *** predicted 48 proteins that target human ER,which may be associated with protein folding and protein-protein interactions during *** results showed *** proteins targeting human ER and their implications in lung cancer *** targeted proteins may be involved in competitive interactions between host and bacterial proteins,which may change the usual pathway functions and trigger the development of lung ***,*** unfolded protein accumulation in the human ER possibly induces ER stress,consequently activating the unfolded protein response(UPR),and providing a favorable microenvironment for cancer *** current study showed the *** protein targeting in ER of host cell and their implication in lung cancer *** results may help researchers better manage lung cancer and establish a molecular mechanism for *** lung cancer association.

关键词： Bacterial infection C.pneumoniae Proteomes ER Lung cancer

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